Ken Startup

Public Health Inspector

Prairie North Health Region

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Food FacilitiesLicenced AccommodationsPersonal Service FacilitiesInstitutionsRecreational FacilitiesCommunicable Disease Control

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Pest IdentificationHousingWaterSewage DisposalPlumbingLand-use ReviewsTobacco Enforcement

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Interesting Water Facts• Almost 80% of the earth’s surface

is covered in water. Of this, 97% is salt water, 2% is glacial ice

• 1% of all water on earth is available to us for drinking water

• 15% of the world’s fresh water is in Canada

• 60% of Canada’s fresh water is located in the North

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Interesting Water Facts

• The human body is about 70% water; we cannot survive more than a week without water.

• Water makes up about 75% of the

brain and 83% of blood; the total amount of water in the body of an average adult is 37 L.

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Interesting Water Facts

• the average person uses more than 650 L a day

• an average adult drinks about 1.5 L of water each day

• 40% of Canadians use some sort of water treatment device

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Roles & Responsibilities

• Sask Health & Health Regions– Sask Health is the lead on

developing policy & regulations not covered by Sask Environment

– Health Regions responsible for administering the regulations and providing health advice

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Roles & Responsibilities– Both Sask Health and Health Regions

work collaboratively with Sask Environment in dealing with water quality issues

– Provincial Lab provides drinking water quality analysis for the province

– Health Region responsible for reportable communicable disease investigations

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Contaminated Water Can Cause Enteric Disease

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Selected Enteric Diseases:

CryptosporidiosisGiardiasisEscherichia coli (VTEC)

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Cryptosporidiosis• Became a reportable disease in 1994

• Most commonly associated with contaminated water, including swimming pools, hot tubs

• Outbreak in 2001 in North Battleford

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GiardiasisSometimes called “Beaver Fever”

Most commonly associated with drinking contaminated water that has been infected by animal droppings, including beavers and muskrats

Giardia cysts

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Verotoxigenic E. Coli

First recognized in 1982 outbreak occurred in the US, which was traced to contaminated hamburgerAbout 10% will develop hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), ultimately leading to kidney failure and deathMost commonly associated with inadequately cooked ground beef, but can also include water

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Enteric Disease

Year Crypto Giardiasis VTEC

2000 32 208 42

2001 772 (135) 168 (372) 71 (102)

2002 49 (45) 175 (352) 52 (95)

Prov. #’s National #’s

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Risk Factors

Legislated in 2003 – Disease Control RegulationsCollected since 200120 possible risk factors to choose from

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Risk FactorsSuspected origin of the illness based on public health investigationFactors Include (20 possibilities):– Food - Daycare– Camping - Travel – Water - Contact with case/carrier– Contact with animals (pets/farm)

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Selected Enteric Diseases, Saskatchewan 2001 - 2002 Risk Factor Incidence Rates

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20.3% From WaterUnknown factors 19-20%

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Percentage of Cases of Water in Selected Enteric Diseases Saskatchewan, 2001- 2002

Private Supply24%

Public Supply19%

Untreated Surface Water14%

Swimming - Natural Water26%

Swimming - Artificial Water17%

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New Regulations

• Walkerton – May 2000– 7 deaths – approximately 2,500 ill

• North Battleford – April 2001– approximately 7,000 ill

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Health Hazard Regulations• Came into force December 2002

• Apply to:– Designated facilities (e.g. schools,

personal care homes, health care facilities, licensed facilities etc)

– Municipal wells not connected to a distribution system

– Distribution system more than 2 and less than 15 service connections

– Bulk water haulers

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Public Water Supply Technical Guidelines

Contain Sections Dealing with:– Approvals– Treatment (e.g. log reduction for Crypto,

Giardia, viruses, bacteria) GUIDI– Testing Equipment– Monitoring– Reporting of Actions– Bulk Water

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RegulationsShoreland Pollution Control Regulations 1976

Local BylawsR.M. 498/499 RV of KMB Liquid Waste Control Bylaws

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Saskatchewan Sewage Disposal Guidelines

Land areas are defined via sensitivitye.g. proximity to urban municipalities andsubdivisions of 5 or more parcels; size of parcels

Requirements for prior approval of systemswith soil samples and design criteria

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Shoreland Pollution Control Regulations 1976

Shoreland Development Area means an area of land:

(i) designated as a reservoir development area by regulations made under The Water Resources Management Act, 1972; or

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Shoreland Pollution Control Regulations 1976

Shoreland Development Area means an area of land:

(ii) that is within 1,500 feet from the high water mark of a lake, river, stream or other body of water and upon which is situated an urban municipality or part thereof, or a summer resort or part thereof, or upon which has been or is being established a recreational area or part thereof;

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Shoreland Pollution Control Regulations 1976

Sewage means liquid wastes that contain animal, mineral or vegetable matter in suspension or solution but excludes storm water;Privy pit means a pit excavated under an outdoor toilet for confining human excrement;

Privy vault means a storage tank placed under an outside toilet for confinement and storage of human excrement;

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R.M. 498 Liquid Waste Control Bylaw - 2004

Applies to all properties zoned “Summer Resort” or “Hamlet” or any portion of those zones designated as “Commercial”

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R.M. 499 Liquid Waste Control Bylaw - 1990

Applies to all subdivisions zoned “Lakeshore Development Districts”

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RV Kivimaa Moonlight Bay Liquid Waste Control Bylaw - 1990

Applies to all properties within the “Corporate Limits” of the Village

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Size of sewage holding tanks shall not beless than 1,000 gallons

Size of privy vaults shall not be less than 250 gallons

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Bylaw States:

All householders must provided an approved storage or holding tank to receive sewage

All sewage emanating from premises shall be discharged into an approved storage

or holding tank

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Sewage transported shall be disposed of only at point(s) approved by Saskatchewan Environment and the local governing authority

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Contravention penalties: Individual

1st offence – not more than $75,000 andnot more than $100 each day theoffence continues

2nd offence - $100,000 and $200/day

Corporation 1st – not more than $100,000 and 1,000/day2nd - $250,000 and $5,000/day

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What does PNHR do?Inspect the installation of all new sewage

systems including holding tanks and moving of existing tanks

Inspect new plumbing installations

Inspection of sewage and plumbing systems is done with permits andonsite inspections

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What does PNHR do?

Investigate complaints• serious complaints must in writing and signed

e.g.. tank never pumped; tank is leaking; pumping sewage in ditches, etc.

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The EndThe End