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Technical Characte risticsAp p licat io n Instructio ns


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77

APPLICATION

INSTRUCTIONS

GENERAL DESIGN CONS IDERATIONS

Pitch of the roof page 8

Slope of the roof 8

Location on landscape 9

APPLICATION OF S HINGLES

Marking the roof witha continuous gutter line 10

Marking the roof with anon continuous gutter line 14

PROCEDURES

FOR GENERAL INSTALLATION

Support row;first & second courses 16

Nailing application 18

Torch-on application 19

PROCEDURES

FOR SPECIAL INSTALLATION

Ridges 20

Valleys 21 Eaves & verges 22 Air-vents 23 Snow-breakers 24


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PITCH OF THE ROOF IN PERCENTAGE AND IN DEGREESFirst: p itch o f the roo fDetermines the rate at which water is shed from the roof, i.e.the greater the pitch the faster rainwater is shed from the roof.

The pitch is expressed as a percentage or in degrees from thehorizontal plane. The table shown indicated this factor along

with the coefficient, which enables the calculation of roof areafrom plan area.

General Design Considerations

8

Degrees()

Coefficient for calculationof roof area from plan area

Percentage(%)

1.000

1,001

1,002

1,005

1,011

1,016

1,022

1,030

1,039

1,050

1,063

1,078

1,093

1,110

1,1321,152

1,177

1,204

1,233

1,268

1,290

1,345

1,390

1,412

1,440

1,493

1,555

1,620

1,700

1,790

1,886

1,999

1,75

3,50

7,00

10,51

14,05

17,74

21,26

24,93

28,67

32,49

36,40

40,40

44,52

48,77

53,1757,74

62,49

67,45

72,65

78,13

83,91

90,04

96,57

100,00

103,55

111,06

119,17

127,99

137,64

148,28

160,03

173,20

1

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

2830

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

45

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

Second: the slopeThe slope is considered because of the volumes of water that

may accumulate at the gutter line (considering the pitch aswell) and create a possibility of water ingress near the eavesunless additional protection is provided by the installation ofan underlay.


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The requirements for the use of an underlay are stated in the following table.

W A T E R P R O O F I N G U N D E R L A Y

9

Third: the exposure of the site

in question i.e. location on landscapeGenerally we consider a dividing line for buildings up to 900metres above sea level, and over 900 metres above sea level.Other considerations are local windspeeds and typical climaticconditions.

The following image explains this graphically.

In summary if you have a number of the extreme critical con-ditions it is better to use an underlay over the whole roof areabefore application of the Tegola Italiana shingles.We suggest for slopes up to 7 metres it is best to waterproofcompletely the surface of the substrate prior to the applicationof the Tegola Italiana shingles.

In some cases this may not be possible, in which case you mu-st waterproof at least the valleys and the gutter line area forthe distance exceeding the seven metres.

Less than 900 metresabove sea level

More than 900 metresabove sea level

Slope of roof in metres

From10-15

Morethan 15

From7-10

Pitch Pitch Up to 7

Contact TechnicalService Dept

Less than30%

Less than35%

Complete waterproofingmembrane underlay

Contact TechnicalService Dept

More than30%

More than35%

Standard application ofTegola Italiana only. Important tip:1 metre of waterproofing membrane

in gutter and valleys

Complete waterproofingmembrane underlay


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10

Application of Shingles

Marking the Roof with a continuous gutter line

Make a mark on the line and call it Point A.

Tip: Some fixers may make this mark at the centre point of thisline in relation to the eaves / gutter line. This is not a rule,however remember that the complete range of Tegola ItalianaShingles are manufactured in one metre lengths, therefore thedistance of Point A from the verge edge has to be slightly(few centimetres) less than a multiple of one metre. In this ca-se you avoid having to cut too large a length of the strips atthe verge when trimming.

The simple and correct installation of Tegola Italiana shingle isentirely dependent on the roof decking being smooth, cleanand dry.

The decking can therefore be of wood (tongue and grooveplanks, plywood, etc.) or a suitable support on top of the sub-structure (concrete or similar).

In order to achieve the best installation it is necessary to spendsome time marking out the roof correctly.

The following sequence will show exactly how.

Mark a line parallel to the gutter at a distance of 19 cm fromthe eaves (Tegola Italiana Major design 20 cm).

This line is for the support row of shingles which of course isat a critical point of the roof construction at the eaves / gutterline. Some fixers may choose to mark this first parallel line at adistance of 18cms from the eaves. This would provide anoverhang of 1cm into the gutter, that is therefore 18 cms fixedto the substrate.

Step 1. Step 2.


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At Point A make a mark on the line either side at a distanceof 1m or 1.5 metres. Call these points B and C.

Starting from point B, at the same (or more) distance BC, tra-ce an arc above A. Repeat this from point C.

The intersection of these is point D, which is vertically above A.

Mark a chalk line through AD to the ridge, thus marking thecentre line of the roof.

Step 3.

Step 5.

Mark another chalk line parallel to line AD at 12,5 cm for shin-gles Classic design (other styles: Major and Castor 50 cm;Gemma 16,5 cm). This line is referred line V.It is a free choice to mark the parallel line on the right or lefthand side. This is to ensure that the rows of shingles are stag-gered correctly.

Step 6.

Step 4.


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It is useful to repeat the marking of the lines AD and V every 3metres. The width between each set of lines will therefore ac-commodate 3 lengths of the shingles.

Step 7.

Starting from the line XY mark other horizontal lines every 14cm (Major 12,5 cm), going up to the ridge.

Step 8.

.

.X

Y


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13

C A B

D

Y

150 150

14

14

14

X

16,5 16,5 16,5

V

19

C A B

D

Y

150 150

14

14

14

X

12,5 12,5 12,5

V

19

C A B

D

Y

150 150

12,5

12,5

12,5

X

50 50 50

V

20

C A B

D

Y

150 150

14

14

14

X

50 50 50

V

19

Classic

Castor

G

emma

Major

Shingle design

Classic

Castor

GemmaMajor

Distance of line XY from the eave

19 cm

19 cm

19 cm20 cm

12,5 cm

50 cm

16,5 cm5 0 cm

14 cm

14 cm

14 cm12,5 cm

Distance of line V f r om p a ra l le l li ne D ist a n c e b e t w e e n p a ra l le l l in e s t o lin e XY

S U M M A R Y T A B L E F O R E A C H D E S I G N


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14

Marking the Roof with a non continuous gutter line

Helped by a spirit-level mark an horizontal line W.

According to the different design of the roof decks, the gutterlines have a different inclination

Mark a line XY parallel to the gutter at a distance of 19 cmfrom the eaves (Tegola Italiana Major design 20 cm). This lineis for the support row of shingles (see Procedures for GeneralInstallation).

Step 1. Step 2.

Mark another line parallel to AD & V. This line is referred as Z

must pass the lowest point of the roof deck.

Step 3. Step 4.

Following the same rules concerning the roof with a conti-nuous gutter line (see foregoing chapter) mark line AD andthe parallel line V at the distance of 12,5 cm (for Classic desi-gn; Castor and Major 50 cm; Gemma 16,5 cm). This is to en-sure that the rows of shingles are staggered correctly.


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On line Z mark horizontal parallel lines to W every 14 cm(Major 12,5 cm). The first line must be marked at a distanceof 33 cm from the gutter line.

Step 5.

These lines are the reference in the application of the severalshingles courses (see next chapter), with the exception of thesupport row.

The first row has the reference on the line at a distance of 33cm from the gutter line.

From the second row the reference are the line at a distanceof 14 cm one another.

These application instruction are clearly shown in theillustrations.

Step 6.


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Procedures for General Installation

When there is no base layer membrane installed

Apply a bead of bituminous mastic near to the eaves.The support row of shingles at the eaves line is obtained bytrimming the 14 cm (Major 12,5 cm) tabs off.

Step 1. Step 2.

Placed the trimmed Tegola Italiana strip bedding onto thebead of mastic and completing by mechanically fixing withnails.

Step 3.


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Place the other shingles one close to the other but not over-lapped.

Step 4.

Installation of the second row of Tegola Italiana Shingles.

Place the Tegola Italiana shingle on the next parallel line, star-ting from line AD to achieve the staggered joint, and installthe Tegola Italiana shingle by nailing (or by torching if there isbase layer installed).

Repeat process of installation for alternate rows up to the ridge.

Installation of the first row of Tegola Italiana Shingles.

Overlap completely the starter course, beginning from line Vand install the Tegola Italiana shingle by nailing (or by tor-ching if there is base layer installed).

Step 5.

If we have a b ase layer me mb rane installed

From experience there are two ways in which we can applythe supporting row of Tegola Italiana.

1. Always starting from the point A where you can place thefull shingle upside down with the edge 1 cm inside the gut-ter. The shingles will be torched directly fully bonding tothe installed base layer.

This method creates a greater thickness by the shinglesoverlapping. It can be an aesthetic weakness or accor-ding to some fixers it can create a possibility of water in-filtration because the rain doesnt shed smoothly at thegutter line.The tabs of the first row (see next step 5) of Tegola Ita liana af-

ter installation of t he support row, are to be lifted individually

while a bead of bitum inous mastic is placed on the suppor t

row, the tab on the Tegola Italiana w ill then be pushed back

down firmly bedding ont o the mastic.

2. Alternatively you can install the support row overhan-ging the gutter (14 cms) by torching, and after you willtrim off the tabs. The advantage is that you will have duringthe application of the first row the line of self-setting adhe-sive in the correct location to achieve the bond, instead ofusing the bituminous mastic.


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Nailing of Tegola Italiana Shingles

C

lassic

Castor

Gemma

Major

This form of fixing should be adopted always when there is nomembrane installed for an underlay.

When you have a pitch that is more than 30%, slope up to 7metres and where there is not an underlay, fixing is achievedby nailing.

Tegola Italiana Shingles can be nailed to a suitable substrateusing galvanised flat-head clout nails. The length of nails is al-so strictly dependant on the thickness of plywood boards orother substrate.

The nails per shingle should be used following a pattern: ateither end of the strip, and the remainder spaced betweenperpendiculars to the slots (depending on the shape of theshingle). The nails should be located on (or close to) the lineof the self-adhesive tabs.

The proper fixing of Tegola Italiana Shingles as described abo-ve means that every fixing is through two rows.

Therefore each shingle is fixed twice by nails of its own plusthe fixings from the upper rows.


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Alternatively the shingle can be torched by lifting either side inturn and torching using the same method.

For low-pitched roofs (less than 30%), long slopes (more than7 metres) or in exposed locations, an underlay has to be in-stalled which therefore requires that application be made bythe torch-on method only.

Important : Underlays should be close butt -jointed in order that

there are no irregula rities in t he finished surface of the Tegola

Ita liana Shingles.

Not e: The release film covering the self-adhesive tabs has to be

removed from the Tegola Italiana shingles prior t o fixing mecha-

nically or by torch.

Shingles can be also applied by the torch-on method of in-stallation. The most common and quickest way is to secure thelower part of the shingle with your foot and lifting the upperpart of the shingle with a trowel and then applying the heatby gas torch.

The torch should be directed towards the underlay or pre-viously installed row of shingles, the heat reflected to the un-derside is adequate to moltenise and activate the APP modi-fied bitumen. This is also ensures that the shingles reinforce-

ment integrity is maintained.When the bitumen has been moltenised sufficiently the shin-gle can be pressed in place with both feet.

Torch-Application of Teg ola Italiana Shing les

SLOPE OF ROOF IN METRES

UP TO 7 FROM 7 - 15

PITCH

less than

30%

Torch-on application

on the membrane underlay

Nailing

application

Torch-on application

on the membrane underlay

PITCH

more than

30%


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Procedures for Special Installation

Ridges

Classic

Castor

Gemm

a

Major

The last row of bituminous shingles will be applied up to theridge and plied over the ridge.Ridge tiles can be obtained by cutting the Classic shingle into4 pieces and Gemma into 3 pieces.In any case Tegola Italiana manufacture prefabricated ridgeshingles that are available for all the styles and colours of mi-

neral granules: size 33 x 33 cm; 7,56 linear metres per pack;weight per linear metre of covered area 3 kg.

The ridges must be plied and laid across the ridge, with a di-stance of 14 cm from one another. They are fixed mechani-cally with two nails per piece, on the covered part of the over-lap.

WINDDIRECTI

ON

14WINDD

IRECTION

14

PrefabricatedRidge

PrefabricatedRidge

14

WINDDIRECTI

ON

Pr

PrefabricatedRidge

WINDDIRECTI

ON

14

PrefabricatedRidge


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Valleys

100

BITUMINOUS

MEMBRANE AS

UNDERLAY

100

BITUMINOUS

MEMBRANE AS

UNDERLAY

100

BITUMINOUS

MEMBRANE AS

UNDERLAY

BITUMINOUS

MEMBRANE AS

UNDERLAY

100Classic

Castor

Gemm

a

Major

The valley is protected by applying a 100 cm wide polyesterreinforced membrane torched down the centre line of the valley.Valleys are usually formed by interweaving the courses of shin-gles from the two intersecting roof pitches.Care must be taken that the shingle extends at least 30 cmfrom the centre line of the valley.

In the area protected by the underlay shingles must be tor-ched-on.No nails must be placed within 30 cm from the centre line ofthe valley.


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Air-Vents

Ventilation of the roof is an important way of reducing con-densation. To improve the circulation of air it is necessary toinstall air-vents in the eaves and in the ridge line.

Also additional vents can be employed in the main roof struc-ture every 20/25 square metres, according to the roof pitch.

Two types of air-vents are available: Standard and Special.

The special top hat type should be used where severe drivingrain is experienced; in low pitched roofs; located over roomswith high humidity (bathrooms or kitchens).

Both the air-vents are to be mechanically fixed and fit underthe shingles.

VENTILATION AREA:140 square centimeters

EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS:50 x 32 cm

BASE OPENING:29,5 x 6,28 cm

Standard Air-Vent

VENTILATION AREA:160 square centimeters

EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS:42 x 32 cm

BASE OPENING:24,8 x 11,5 cm

Sp ecial Air-Vent

Eaves & Verges

Eaves are best formed by metal trims which are nailed to thedeck and a bituminous membrane reinforced polyester is ap-plied to the top surface. In this important roof area protectedby an underlay the shingles must be torched-on.

Verges must be finished in order to ensure that rainwaterdoesnt shed from the roof to the vertical wall of the building.A tilt wooden fillet should be installed at the verge edge un-derneath the membrane, as an underlay, and the shingles.Verges have to be completed using prefabricated metal trims.


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Installation of Air-Vents

Standard Air-Vent

Sp ecial Air-Vent


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Snow Breakers

In extremely cold climates its best to place snow breakers onthe roof.

These are always mechanically fixed to the substrate in orderthat they can cope with the snow loading.Snow breakers have to be planned by the designer dependingon the geographical position, orientation and pitch of theroof. In any case you can follow the proposals as shown in thefollowing illustration. The Tegola Italiana suggested layout isfor a continuous row on the gutter line and every three or fourrows of shingles snow breakers will be placed in a staggeredpattern up to 50 cm from the ridge line.Installation allows for the triangular portion of the snow breakto be exposed leaving the extended metal bar concealed un-der the shingles and in between the cuts of the tabs.


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Air-Vents & Snow Breakers

DISCLAIMER / NOTE

Whilst all of the technical information, data and / or specifications provided in this brochure is to the best of our knowledge trueand accurate, we specifically exclude any liability for errors, omissions or otherwise arising thereof. All of the information provi-ded is based on our considerable experience in manufacturing and knowledge of the application of the products to industry stan-dards where applicable.

All the data referred to, is average, and is based on the current production range and methods, which can be changed withoutprior notice.

Details, practices, principles, values and calculations should be verified as to accuracy and suitability.

In all cases the application of the materials is the responsibility of the contractor, which includes conformance with any relevantCodes of Practice, Health and Safety issues and site supervision. Italiana Membrane S.p.A. or their designated agent, accept noresponsibility for third parties (installers). Materials are sold as fit for purpose.


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asso ciata/m em ber

G R U P P O P R O D U TTO R IM E M B R A NE B I T U M E P O LI M E R O

ITALIANA MEMBRANE S.p.A. - Via Galoppat, 134 - 33087 PASIANO (PN) - Tel. 0434.614611 - Fax 0434.628178Internet: www itmembrane it E mail: itmembra@itmembrane it

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