Solid base to build research projects

Heterogeneous chemistry (interaction of pollutants with airborne substrates)

Techniques: mass spectroscopy; laser and infra-red techniques; gas synthesis; surfaces characterization; photochemistry

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)University of California Irvine (USA)

Personal exposure to Particulate matter (PM) at ambient conditions Investigation of the inkjet paper fading due to gaseous pollutants

European Commission (Joint Research Centre, Italy)ILFORD Imaging Switzerland GmbH

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium(European Space Agency)

Application of Receptor Models to identify pollution sources (implementation in the Air Quality Directive) Statistical analysis (complex datasets) Intercomparison data analysis Global mapping of statistical results

Retrieval of pollutant concentrations from space

Environmental impact of pollutionEnvironmental chemistry

Satellite remote sensing

Techniques: Infrared spectra elaboration with Matlab programming; gridding algorithms

Techniques: nephelometers; surface characterizations

Data analysis and modeling

European Commission (JRC, Italy)

Techniques: matrix factorization; generalized linear models, R-programming; ArcGis, QGIS

Federico Karagulian highlights

Uptake of atmospheric gases on airborne substrates

F. Karagulian and M. J. Rossi, PCCP, 2005F. Karagulian and M. J. Rossi, ACP 2006

“Knudsen” flow reactor:Gas-surface collisions

Mass Spectrometer

LaserMineral dust sample

(ads)25(ads)2 OHON

2(g)3(g) NONO 5(ads)2ON 5(g)2ON

3(g)HNO2

Mineral dust

Influence on the global ozone levels!!!Impact on climate change!!!

First time observation!!!

DUST

O3

NO3

N2O5

HNO3

OH

HO2

NO2

SO2

NONO2

NO

OH

The assumption:The experiment:

The chemical reactions:

The consequences:

Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (Switzerland)

Formation of toxic compounds in human lungs

(Karagulian et al,PCCP, 2008)

OPPC (substance presents

in human lungs)

O3 +

SOZ(Ozone)

Secondary ozonide (SOZ)toxic and stable

University of California Irvine (USA)The assumption:

Used sodium chloride (NaCl) as medium for the reaction of

OPPC and ozone

(Diffuse Reflectance IR Spectroscopy)

1.5x10-2

1.0

0.5

0.0

abso

rbance

1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 wavenumber (cm

-1)

1708 (R-CHO)

1347 (C-H)

1210

1110

1385 (O-C-H)

1751 (R-COOH)

-10x10-3

-5

0

5

abso

rban

ce

3100 3050 3000 2950 2900 2850 2800 2750wavenumber (cm

-1)

2948 (-CH3-)

2850 (-CH2-)

2919 (-CH2-)

3008 (C=C)

t

The experiment: The chemical reaction:

Uptake of atmospheric gases on airborne substrates and human lungs

F. Karagulian and M. J. Rossi, PCCP, 2005F. Karagulian and M. J. Rossi, ACP 2006

“Knudsen” flow reactor:Gas-surface collisionsMass Spectrometer

Laser

Mineral dust sample

Mineral dust

DUST

O3

NO3

N2O5

HNO3

OH

HO2

NO2

SO2

NONO2

NO

OH

The experiment:The assumption:

Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (Switzerland)

trace gases

trace gases uptaken on mineral dusts secondary

gaseous products

Change in the global ozone budget in the atmosphere

(Karagulian et al,PCCP, 2008)

Used sodium chloride (NaCl) as medium for the reaction of OPPC and ozone

(Diffuse Reflectance IR Spectroscopy)

1.5x10-2

1.0

0.5

0.0

abso

rbance

1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 wavenumber (cm

-1)

1708 (R-CHO)

1347 (C-H)

1210

1110

1385 (O-C-H)

1751 (R-COOH)

-10x10-3

-5

0

5

abso

rbance

3100 3050 3000 2950 2900 2850 2800 2750wavenumber (cm

-1)

2948 (-CH3-)

2850 (-CH2-)

2919 (-CH2-)

3008 (C=C)

t

The chemical reaction:

OPPC (substance presents

in human lungs)

Secondary ozonide (SOZ)toxic and stable

University of California Irvine (USA)

The assumption: The experiment:

The chemical reaction:

(http://www.eumetsat.int)

Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)

Monitoring pollutants using thermal

infrared IASI/MetOP sounder

SO2 (sulphuric dioxide) plume formation from volcanic eruption

and transport

H2SO4 formation upon Kasatochi volcano eruption

(August 2008)Cooling effect

Karagulian F. et al. JGR 2010Razavi A. Et Karagulian al. ACP, 2011

Satellite remote sensing

Formic acid formation (HCOOH) from biogenic sources and anthropogenic activites (1 year average, 2009)

HC

OO

H co

lum

n (10

14 mo

lec./cm2)

ij

P

p

kjikij efgx 1

INPUT DATA: Concentration (xij)of chemical Species measured a the receptor site

Modeling environmental data

Composition of factor (fkj)profiles

Time trend (gik)of factor profiles

Receptor site(measuring site)

Polluted area

STATISTICAL analysis with R, Matlab and SQL Server

Receptor modeling for source apportionment studies

Receptor modeling

Main pollutant sources from particualte matter sampling PM10 in urban areas (2000-2011),

validated model reuslts

Geographical information System (GIS) for monitoring pollutant factors/sources

Sea SaltTraffic

Crustal

SIAIndustry, power plantsBiomass Burning

OtherResidential

STATISTICAL analysis with R, Matlab and SQL Server

Proficiency tests

ArcGIS-SQL