1Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D 15.February.2012 Wednesday

ANATOMY OF THE HAND

Anatomy LabSlides

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1. What are flexor retinaculum & carpal tunnel?The carpal tunnel formed anteriorly at wrist by a deep arch formed bycarpal bones & flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)

Flexor digitorum/superficialis Flexor pollicis longus Median nerve

Pass through the carpal tunnel

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2. What is extensor retinaculum (dorsal carpal ligament)?

abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevisextensor carpi radialis longus & extensor carpi radialis brevisextensor pollicis longus

through three compartments on the lateral surface of the wrist.

The extensor tendons pass into the hand in six compartments defined by an extensor retinaculum:

extensor digitorum & extensor indicis posterior surface of the wrist

extensor carpi ulnaris & extensor digiti minimi medial side of the wrist

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3. What is palmar aponeurosis?A triangular condensation of deep fascia that covers the palm and is anchored to the skin in distal regions.

Continuous with the palmaris longus tendon, when present; otherwise, anchored to the flexor retinaculum.

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4. What are extensor hoods for?Tendons of the extensor digitorum extensor pollicis longus muscles expand over the proximal phalanges to form "extensor hoods" or "dorsal digital expansions".

Tendons of the extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis, extensor pollicis brevis join these hoods.

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5. Which are the intrinsic muscles of the hand?Palmaris brevis

Interossei

Thenar muscles

Hypothenar muscles

Adductor pollicis

Lumbrical

Abductor pollicis brevis

Flexor pollicis brevis

Opponenspollicis

Abductordigiti minimi

Flexordigiti minimi

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6. ....arteries of the hand?

Superficial palmar archDeep palmar arch

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7. ....veins of the hand?Cephalic vein originates from lateral side of dorsal venous network. Basilic vein originates from medial side of dorsal venous network.

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8. ...carpal tunnel?

Homework:

1. Which structures pass through the carpal tunnel and their anatomical relationships with each other in the tunnel?2. The incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome in the world and/or in Turkey?3. The risk factors, higher in whom? Any gender disperancies in its incidence?Please send answers to yeditepeanatomy@yahoo.com

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9. ....anatomical snuffbox?