k to 12 electronics lo1 learning module

8/12/2019 K to 12 Electronics LO1 learning module

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Basic HandTools


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Driving

Tools


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Screwdrivers are hand tools

specifically designed to insertand tighten, or to loosen and

remove screws.


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A screwdriver comprises a

head or tip, which engageswith a screw, a mechanism toapply force by rotating thetip, and some way to positionand support the screwdriver,

the tip of which is shaped into fit a particular type ofscrew.


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a. Slotted Screwdriver is

used to drive or fastennegative slotted screws.


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b. Phillips Screwdriver used

to drive or fasten positiveslotted screws. It is ascrewdriver that could take

greater torque and couldprovide tighter

fastenings.


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Jeweler's Screwdriver

Set

is a set of smallscrew drivers

composed ofslotted and Phillips

screwdrivers


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SolderingTools


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Soldering Iron is a

device for applying heat tomelt solder in attaching

two metal parts. Asoldering iron iscomposed of a heated

metal tip and an insulatedhandle


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For electrical work, wiresare usually soldered toprinted circuit boards,

other wires, or smallterminals. A low-power

iron (20-30 Watts) issuitable for this work.


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2. Soldering Tool Stand is

a place where the solderingiron is placed duringusage. This will keep the

soldering iron away fromflammable materials. The

stand often comes with asponge used in cleaning thetip of the soldering iron.


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3. Desoldering tool is

used in removingsoldered wires and

components on printedcircuit boards for

troubleshooting andrepair purposes.


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Splicing Tools


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1. Long Nose is used for

holding, bending, andstretching the lead ofelectronic component or

connecting wires.


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2. Side Cutter is a wire-

cutting pliers, thoughthey are not used to grabor turn

anything, but are used tocut wires.


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3. Wire Stripper is a pair ofopposing blades much likescissors or wire cutters.The addition of a center

notch makes it easier to cutthe insulation withoutcutting the wire.


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Adjustable Wire Cutter Stripper


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Boring Tools


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1. 12V Mini-Drillis used

to bore or drill holes in theprinted circuit board

(PCB) with sizes from1/32 1/16.


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2. Portable Electric Drill isused for boring hole(s) inplastic or metal chassis

with the used of drill bitshaving sizes from 1/6 to

approximately 1/4.


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3. Metal Files These are hand

tools having a series ofsharp, parallel ridges orteeth. Most files have anarrow, pointed tang at oneend to which a handle can

be fitted.


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Flat File is parallel in width

and tapered in thickness;they are used for flatsurfaces and edges.


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Half Round File is tapered inwidth and thickness, comingto a point, and is narrower

than a standard half round andused for filing inside of rings.


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Round File - is also called rat-

tail file which is graduallytapered and used for many

tasks that require a roundtool, such as enlarging roundholes or cutting a scalloped

edge.


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CuttingTools


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1. Utility Knife is acommon tool used incutting various trades

and crafts for a varietyof purposes.


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2. Hacksaw is used for cutting

metals. Some have pistol gripswhich keep the hacksaw firm andeasy to grip. The small hand-held

hacksaws consist of a metal archwith a handle that fits around anarrow, rigid blade.


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Auxiliary Tools


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1. Magnifying Glass is a

convex lens which is used toproduce a magnified image ofan object. The lens is usuallymounted on a frame with ahandle. A magnifying glassworks by creating a magnifiedvirtual image of an objectbehind the lens.


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2. Paint Brush made of

bristles set in handle, usefor cleaning dirty parts of

acircuit or an object.


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Electronicequipment

a Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter It is an


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a. Volt Ohm Milliammeter. It is anequipment that combines three

functions: as a voltmeter thatmeasures both ac and dcvoltages; an ohmmeter that

measures resistance; andmilliammeter that measuressmall amount of dc current.


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As safety precautions in the


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As safety precautions in themaintenance of this instrument,

following should be observed:

1. Always rest the function

switch at 250V AC if anOFF position is not

availablein the instrument.

2 For current and voltage


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2. For current and voltage

measurements, alwaysset the function switch inthecorrect setting which

is a little higher than theexpected current or

voltage present in thecircuit.


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3. Place the instrument in

a cool dry place, awayfrom any magnetic

devices, and free fromvibrations.


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c. Signal generator. Asignal generator is adevice which producessimple wave forms.


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Such devices contain an


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Such devices contain anelectronic oscillator, a

circuit that is capable ofcreating a repetitive

waveform. These aretypically used in simpleelectronics repair

and design where they areused to stimulate a circuit

under test

In any activity involving


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In any activity involving

skills, it is a standardprocedure that you mustalways use the right toolor equipment properlythat would fit in a

particular task. In spite of

This reminder or


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This reminder or

caution, somestudents abuse the

use of tools and stillpractice the following

common faults thatmust NOT be done.


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Common Faults in

Using Hand Tools

Pliers:


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Pliers:

Do not increase thehandle length of pliers togain more leverage. Usea larger pair

of pliers or bolt cutters ifnecessary.


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Do not substitute pliersfor a wrench when turningbolts and nuts. Pliers

cannot grip these itemsproperly and might cause

a slip and create anaccident.

Direction: Answer


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Direction: Answer

briefly the questionsbelow.

1. Why is a low-power

soldering iron suitablefor electronic work?

2 Wh t th


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2. What are the

advantages of using amagnifying glass that is

foldable with built-inlight?


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3. Why is it best touse the right size of

Phillips-typescrewdriver?


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4 Why is it best touse the right size ofdrill bit in boringholes?

5 Wh d thi k


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5. Why do you think

is it best for asoldering iron to

have its solderingstand?


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f


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Whenever you perform a task in

the workshop you must usepersonal protective

clothing and equipment (PPE)that are appropriate for the taskand which conforms with your

local safety regulations andpolicies.

Your skill in using tools and


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Your skill in using tools andequipment will make your work less

difficult and ensurethat tasks are performed properlyand safely.

Hand Toolso screwdrivers, needle-nose pliers

Diagnostic Tools

o Analog or digital Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter, power supply


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Proper Use of Hand Tools


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Proper Use of Hand Tools

Use the proper type and sizeof screwdriver by matching itto the screw.

Phillips and Flat Head arethe most common types.

Do not over tighten screws

because the threads maybecome stripped.

In many types of work, hand tools areused every day They make work easier


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used every day. They make work easier

and allow people to be more efficient.However, majority of students often failto see the hazards these tools can

introduce. In this module "Hand ToolSafety" shows workers how accidentscan be significantly reduced byreviewing the various hazards that areassociated with specific types of tools.


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k to 12 electronics lo1 learning module

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