JudaismExodus: Moses and the Ten

Commandments

Abraham• Before Abraham—many

gods (polytheism)• Lived in Mesopotamia,

traveled with wife, Sarah, to present day Israel

• God commands him to kill his son, Isaac

• Abraham is stopped at last minute, it was a test of faith by God

Moses and the Nile-Israelites ruled by Egyptians—told to kill all first born-Moses found in basket in the Nile—found and adopted by Pharaoh’s daughter raised as a Prince of Egypt

The Burning Bush

-God speaks to Moses through a burning bush

-tells him to lead his people out of Egypt

-gives him staff to prove who he is, threaten the Pharaoh

Return to Egypt

-Moses goes to the Pharaoh with brother, Aaron

-Pharaoh treats Israelites even worse

-to prove point, staff turns into snake

-threatens many plagues

Nile turned to blood (1)

Plague of Frogs (2)

Plagues of Lice and Flies (3-4)

Plagues of Death of Cattle, Sores, and Hail (5-7)

Locusts and Darkness (8-9)

The Night of Passover

Night of Passover (Tenth Plague) • Moses tells Pharaoh that

every first born of Egypt will be killed

• Israelites are told to mark their doors with lamb’s blood –will make the angel of death “Passover” their homes

• Thousands of Egyptians die—Pharaoh releases the Israelites

Parting the Red

Sea

Crossing the Red Sea• After releasing them,

the Pharaoh is angry and goes after them with army

• Israelites trapped next to the Red Sea

• Moses uses his staff to part the waters

• Israelites cross—Egyptians are slowed and then drowned

The Ten Commandments

Ten Commandments

• After 3 months they camp at Mt. Sinai

• Moses goes up and gets them from God

• Two stone tablets• He stay up there for 40

days getting instructions

• No Gods before me• No idols• No lord’s name in vain• Sabbath• Honor Parents• No murder• No stealing • No adultery• No lying• No jealousy

The Golden Calf-while on Mt. Sinai, followers are scared

-Aaron leads them in making a golden calf idol—no no

-God wanted to destroy them—Moses comes down, smashes the tablets and destroys idol

Western Wall

Western Wall• King David moves the ark

(contains the 10 Commandments) to Jerusalem

• King Solomon builds a huge temple on Mt. Zion

• Temple was destroyed several times—only part left is the outer wall

• Many write notes and prayers to stuff in cracks of the wall

Beliefs and Observances

• Monotheistic• Chosen People —not

better, just the ones to receive the message

• Messiah—believe he has yet to come, will be a descendent of King David, bring peace to the world

Beliefs and Observances Cont.• Prayer—3 times a day,

prayer in communities• Charity—give 10-15% to

the needy• keeping kosher—certain

types of meat and don’t mix blood and dairy

• Sabbath—time of rest and worship, Friday evening to Saturday evening, special meals,

Rites of Passage• Circumcision—done

when baby is 8 days old

• Bar/Bat Mitzvah—celebration of childhood to adulthood, lots of study, party after

Rites Cont. • Marriage—public ceremony, marriage contract, under a canopy—chupah, smash a glass under foot

• Death—burial quickly, simple coffins, 7 days of mourning in homes