journal during the middle ages, there was a code of conduct called chivalry. what do you think of...
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Who sacked the city of Rome?TRANSCRIPT
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JournalDuring the Middle Ages, there was a code of conduct called Chivalry. What do you think of when you hear this word? What does it mean to you?
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The Early Middle Ages:The Franks & Feudalism
Or..were the Dark Ages really a dark as they seemed?
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Who sacked the city of Rome?
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The Franks• In the Roman province of Gaul (France)• No cities or written laws
– 100s of tiny kingdoms– Farmers or herders
• Swore loyalty to King – weapons & loot
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Clovis• Converts to Christianity after
a battle• Church supports Clovis’s
conquests• by 511 AD—united all of the
Franks into one kingdom• Two forces were now allied
1. Military (Franks) 2. Spiritual (Church)
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Charles Martel• extended Frank’s reign to the north,
south, and east• defeated Muslims at the Battle of
Tours – Stopped the Muslim expansion into W.
Europe– becomes a Christian hero
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Pepin the Short• son of Charles Martel• Fights the Lombards for the Church• pope declares him “king by the
Grace of God”• this begins the Carolingian
Dynasty
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Charlemagne • Greatest European empire since Rome• Summer military campaigns
– Muslims in Spain and Germanic tribes• Spread Christianity by conquering the
east and south• Holy Roman Emperor
– joining of Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire
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Charlemagne’s EmpireIncluded 2/3 of Italy, all of France, a small part of Spain, and Germany
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Charlemagne Cnt. • Limits rule of the nobles• Visits whole kingdom • Increases Education
– Irish, English, German, Italian, and Spanish scholars
– school for court children• Monasteries—trained monks
– expanded libraries– handwritten copies of books
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After Charlemagne • Grandsons split empire• Magyars—900 AD, cavalry
from Hungary invade• Vikings—From Scandinavia,
sailors – Raided and looted from Ireland
to France
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What is Feudalism?• Social Structure of the Middle Ages• Based on loyalty and importance of the Oath• Keep these words in mind while you are watching
the film:– Manor– Lords– Vassals– Fief– Knights– Serf– Peasants– Self-Sufficiency
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Feudalism
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Social PyramidKing/Lord Vassal
Gives Land (fief)Power/authorityCollects Taxes
Loyalty Military service Taxes Manor Lord Serf
Gives Small land
Protection
Basic needs
Labor/taxes
Loyalty
Military service (sometimes)
King
Lords
Lesser Nobles, Knights
Serfs
Peasants
Dependent on each other: Relationships
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The Manor System• Self-Sufficient
– All needs provided on estate
• Controlled by Lord – (who was
someone else’s Vassal)
– Remember:
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Chivalry • Complex rules governing
society • Three Masters:
– Feudal Lord– Heavenly Lord– Chosen Lady
• Knights usually wealthy – Education starts at 7 till 21
• Tournaments, troubadours, poetry – Real warfare brutal
• Few women had authority