Jonathan Bagger

Atoms for Peace + 50

Beyond the Nucleus:

Matter, Energy, Space and Time

Periodic Table of Elements

Brookhaven Cosmotron

19533.3 GeV protons

Subatomic Particles

u1969 SLAC

c1974 SLAC

t1995 FNAL

1895

d1969 SLAC

s1969 SLAC

b1977 FNAL

W,Z1983 CERN

e1897

1937

1976 SLAC

g1979 DESY

e

1956 SRTC

1962 BNL

2000 FNAL

h

Mat

ter

For

ces

BNL

Subatomic Particles

u

up

c

charm

t

top

photon

d

down

s

strange

b

bottom

W,Z

weak

e

electron

mu

tau

g

gluon

e

neutrino

neutrino

neutrino

h

graviton

Mat

ter

For

ces

Fermilab Tevatron

19832,000 GeV proton-antiproton

Top Quark Discovery

FNAL, 1995

Particle Physics Today

Today, we stand at a crossroads in the history of science …

After 50 years, we have reached the point where we can ask bold new questions about the structure of matter, energy, space and time

Particle Physics Today

We can look forward ….

“.... like stout Cortez, when with eagle eyesHe star’d at the Pacific – and all his menLook’d at each other with a wild surmise –Silent, upon a peak in Darien.”

John Keats

String Theory

String theory predicts extra dimensions

•Where are they?

•How many are there?

•How are they hidden?

•What are their shapes and sizes?

Such questions are moving from science fiction to science fact

Cosmology

Dark Energy73%

Dark Matter23%

Quarks and Leptons

4%

Most of the energy of the universe is dark

Cosmology

What is the Dark Matter and Dark Energy?

“There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, / Than are dreamt of in your philosophy.”

William Shakespeare

CERN LHC

2007

14,000 GeV proton-proton

Linear Collider

2015 (?)

500-1,000 GeV electron-positron

A Dark Matter Microscope

Atoms for Peace

President Dwight D. Eisenhower

“I know that the American people share my deep belief that if a danger exists in the world, it is a danger shared by all; and equally, that if hope exists in the mind of one nation, that hope should be shared by all. ... [The] United States pledges before you ... to devote its entire heart and mind to finding the way by which the miraculous inventiveness of man shall not be dedicated to his death, but consecrated to his life.”

Atoms for Peace

International flags at Fermilab