joints functions of joints hold bones together allow for mobility ways joints are classified...
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JOINTS
Functions of joints
• Hold bones together• Allow for mobility
Ways joints are classified
• Functionally (how much they can move)• Structurally (what separates the two bones that are
articulated)
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FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS
Synarthrosis
• Immovable
Amphiarthrosis
• Slightly movable
Diarthrosis
• Freely moveable
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STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS
Fibrous joints
• Generally immovable
Cartilaginous joints
• Immovable or slightly moveable
Synovial joints
• Freely moveable
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SUMMARY OF JOINT CLASSES
[Insert Table 5.3 here]
Table 5.3
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FIBROUS JOINTSBones united by fibrous tissue
Types:
1. SuturesHeld together by short
fibers- no movement• Example:
Coronal Suture
2. SyndesmosesHeld together by longer fibers-
slight movement• Example:
Distal end of tibia and fibula p169
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CARTILAGINOUS JOINTSBones connected by cartilage
Example:
• Pubic symphysis• Intervertebral joints
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SYNOVIAL JOINTSArticulating bones are separated by a joint cavity
Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity
Ligaments reinforce the joint
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STRUCTURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SYNOVIAL JOINT
Bursae—flattened fibrous sacs
• Lined with synovial membranes• Filled with synovial fluid• Not actually part of the joint• Found where muscles, ligaments and/or tendons may rub on
bone
Tendon sheath
• Elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon
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THE SYNOVIAL JOINT
Figure 5.29
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TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Figure 5.30a–c
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TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Figure 5.30d–f