john carr portec australia murdoch university · hippopotamus hippopotamus amphibius. pigmy...
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John CarrPortec Australia
Murdoch Universitywww.portec.com.auwww.portec.com.au
The artiodactyla –even toesPigsPigs
But also Cattle and Camels
But also related to the whales -But also related to the whales -Ambulocetus
One of the early pigsEntelodontEntelodont
Today's suina - suborderHippopotamdaeHippopotamdae
Tayassuidae
SuidaeSuidae
HippopotamdaeHippopotamusHippopotamusHippopotamus amphibius
Pigmy hippopotamusHexaorootodon liberiensis
Tayassuidae –the PeccariesAmerica’s pigsAmerica’s pigs
Collared peccary
Scent glands
White lipped peccary
Chacoan peccaryLocalised area in BrazilLocalised area in Brazil
Suidae - FamilyFive genus:Five genus:BabyrousaPotomochoerusPhacohoerusHylochoerusHylochoerusSus
Babyrousa babyrussa
PotamochoerusPotamochoerus larvatus –Bush pigPotamochoerus larvatus –Bush pigPotamochoerus porcus –Red River hog
Phacohoerus –Wart hogsPhacochoerus africanusPhacochoerus africanusPhacochoerus aethiopicus
P. aethiopicus –no incisors upper
Hylochoerus meinertzhageni –GiantForest Hog
SusPigmy pig–Sus salvanius –extremely endangeredPigmy pig–Sus salvanius –extremely endangered
Bearded pig –Sus barbatus
The island pigsSus verrucosusSus verrucosus
Sus celebensis
Sus cebifronsSus philippensisSus philippensis
Sus bucculentus
Many island pigs have pairs of warts and tassels
Sus scrofa –Wild boar
http://www.portec.com.au/thepig/basics/otherpigs/piggeneral1.htm
Sus scrofa –The domestic pig
While pigs were domesticated 9000 years ago –there are over 700 breeds of pigs, modernwestern breeds are modern –less than 200 years
What are pigs used for?Meat–40% of the meat consumptionMeat–40% of the meat consumptionSkin and leather productsPharmaceutical products–blood and valves for example
Pleasure and company–pet pigs
How is the industry structured?
Multiplication farms6000 sows
Commercial farms90,000 sows
Males(boars)
Females(gilts)
Nucleus farm500 sows
How is the farm designedWeaning
Farrowing
Weaning
Grow/finish
Basic Pig Life Cycle
Breeding
Gestation115 days
SlaughterSelection
Nucleus farm
Country Millions of pigs
China 460India 17Indonesia 6Indonesia 6Korea North 3Korea South 9Malaysia 2Myanmar 4New Zealand 0.4
And
Pork is 62% of themeat eaten in China
New Zealand 0.4Philippines 12Taiwan 7Thailand 7Viet Nam 22
State PercentageNSW 30NSW 30Queensland 21Victoria 19South Australia 17Western Australia 12
Western AustraliaSow Herd WA
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
1992 2001 2004 2007So
ws 0
200
400
600
800
1000
Pro
du
cers
Sows
Producers
3o,ooo sows.Major foreign market Singapore
1992 2001 2004 2007
Year
So
ws
The pig cycle