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Johannes Itten:The Elements of Color
7 types of colour harmony& contrast
Johannes Itten (1888-1967)-painter, designer, teacher (http://www.johannes-itten.com/ )
http://www.johannes-itten.com/http://www.johannes-itten.com/
Space Composition, I[Raum Komposition I] Itten (1944)
Art of the Color (Kunst der Farbe)Itten
Ittens colour wheel
Painting with Three Spots -Wassily Kandinsky(1914)
1. contrast of hue
Improvisation 31 (Sea Battle) -Wassily Kandinsky(1913)
(hue)
The Gate Hans Hoffman (1960)
Hue
The Black Feather Hat - Gustav Klimt (1910)
2. light/darkcontrast
warm colours
cool colours
3. cold/warmcontrast
Landscape - Cezanne
Mounte Sainte Victoire Cezanne (c. 1885)
A red-violet juxtaposed to blue looks warm (left), while the same red-violet juxtaposed to red looks cool
The narrow red bars advance toward the viewer, while the cooler blue recedes.
4. complementary contrast
Christ on the Lake of Gennesaret- Delacroix
Y-P: strongest value contrast
R-G: equal value contrast
5. simultaneous contrast
Marilyn -Andy Warhol
ANDY WARHOL/SUPERNOVA: Stars, Deaths, and Disasters, 1962 - 1964
are the reds the same?
simultaneous contrast also occurs with value contrast
Portrait of Franz Marc Macke (1910)
6. contrast of saturation
Contrast of saturation: This is the degree of purity of the color, so it is possible to contrast a pure, intense color with a dull, diluted color.
There are four ways to dilute a color:
1. Tint (add white).2. Shade (add black).3. Add gray (heading toward neutrality)4. Add the complementary color
Adding gray to a pure color demonstrates one way color can be desaturated. The grays in the corners of each pattern are the same neutral gray
7. contrast of extension
Starry Night Van Gogh (1889)
relative areas of complementary colours for balance to the eye
A red/green checkboard pattern looks static compared to a green field sprinkled with small red squares, illustrating one way to manipulate contrast of extension
other harmonies:
monochromatic
Woman Darning -Vuillard
analogous oradjacent
Orange and Yellow Mark Rothko (1956)
Head of a Man Paul Klee
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