johann gregor mendel the father of genetics. early life born july 22, 1822 in heinzendorf, austrian...
TRANSCRIPT
Johann Gregor Mendel
The Father of Genetics
Early Life
• Born July 22, 1822• In Heinzendorf,
Austrian Silesia• Now Hyncice, Czech
Republic• Cobbler’s son• Many siblings• Bright child
His Training
• Entered Augustinian monastery in 1843
• Brunn (Brno), Austria• Classically trained for
the priesthood• Ordained in 1847• Failed as parish priest• Potential recognized
by Prelate
Further Training
• Prelate entered him at the U. of Vienna
• 1851-1854• Trained in mathematics
and natural sciences• Returned to Brunn to
teach the boys in the secondary school
• 1854-1868
The monastery garden then……..
The monastery garden in Brno today
His Epic Experiments
• Monastery garden• Pea plants• Controlled crosses• Recorded results• Studied 7 traits• 1856-1864• Reported to Brunn
Natural History Society in 1865
“Experiments with Plant Hybrids”
• The Principle of Segregation
• Principle of Independent Assortment
• Law of Dominance
• Law of Unit Characters
Law of Unit Characters
• An organism receives two characters (genes) for every trait
• One character comes from each parent
Law of Dominance
• In pairs of factors there may be different forms
• One form always makes its effect known over the other
• One is “dominant” while the other is “recessive”
Law of Segregation
• Pairs of factors are separated during the formation of gametes (sex cells)
• A sperm or an egg will carry just one factor (gene)
Law of Independent Assortment
• Characteristics are inherited independently from one another
• Where a blue eyed gene goes will not affect where a skin color gene goes
• Exception – gene linkage (genes closely located on same chromosome)
• Like passengers on the same bus!
Final Chapter
• Selected as abbot of monastery in 1868• Planned experiments put aside• Unrecognized in his own day• Recognized in 1900 by 3 independent
researchers: Hugo DeVries, Carl Correns, and Erich von Tschermak
• Credited as discoverer of laws of heredity• Died January 6, 1884