jlpt
TRANSCRIPT
~たばかりVerb ta-form + bakari - I have just done something
Bangohan o tabeta bakari desu - I have just eaten dinner
~ようになる
indicate a change that has taken place or will take place.become able to, become to
Nihon ni kite kara kanji o kakeru youni narimashita - I have become able to write kanji after I came here.
~ことになるVerb present short form + koto ni naru
it has been decided/arranged that discribe certain decision
( it has been decided that) I will work in Tokyo - Tokyo de hataraku koto ni narimashita
~とても~ないI can't possibly - very strong sense of impossiblity
Kanjo no ryori wa mazui node totemo taberaremasen - I can't possibly eat beause my girlfriend's cook is nasty taste
~らしいit seems that
Nihon-jin wa atama ga ii rashii - It seems that Japanese people are all smart
~て初めてverb te-form +te hajimete
for the first time after Vnihon ni kite hajimete sushi o tabeta - I ate Sushi for the first time after I came to Japan.
~ないでVerb negative stem + naide - without doing, instead of doing
amari nihon-go o benkyo shinaide monku o iu gaijin wa afo da - The foreigners who complain without studying much are asshole
~によって- ni yotte - depends on...
Hi ni yotte renshu shimasu - I pracrice depending on day
~のようなN, like.. , N, such as
Natsu no youna atsui hi - A hot day like summerNihon-jin no youna kakkoii hito - A cool guy like Japanese
~ば~ほどThe more/less - ,The more/less
Use conditional form "ba", short form +hodoTabereba taberu hodo futorimasu - The more eat, the more u get fat
N+ばかりnothing but..
Watashi no kanojo wa beer bakari nonde iru - My GF drinks nothing but beer
~は~で有名(X は Y で有名)X is famous for YY - noun or phrase
Kabukicho wa hentai de yuumei - Kabukicho is famous for it's kinky thingsNihon-jin wa yoku ryoko suru no de yuumei desu - The Japanese people are famous for travelling a lot
N+を始めstarting with - , including -
Yakyu o hajime sumo, soccor nado ga nihon de ninki ga aru - In Japan, Starting with baseball, sumo, socco etc are popularNihon wa kurma o hajime game, anime,pc etc o yushutsu shiteiru
的type, -ic, -ical Nihon wa rekishiteki na kuni desu -Japan is a histrorical country.America teki na tabemono wa humburger dake desu. A typical American food is just humburger
~は~くらいです(Xは Yくらいです)
Y is about the only X
Igirisu ryori de taberareru no wa fish&chips kurai desu.- About the only food in England I can eat is fish&chips
~さえ~ばIf only you do..Noun sae Verb baVerb stem + sae surebaVerb te-form+saeireba
Okane sae areba shiawase desu. If only I have much money, I am happy
Ne sae sureba genki ni narimasu. If only you sleep, You will be better
ほどSentence + hodo -( to the extent) express degree
Eigo wa baka demo wakaru hodo kantan desu- English is so easy that even foolish ppl understand.
ままSituation is unchanged, as it is
Short form + mamaMado o aketa mama nemashita- I slept with the window opensono mama kite- come as you are
わざわざ(take the trouble to) ( taking the time to do)
wazawaza rewrite shinakutemo ii desu yo.wazawaza husband ni ryori o tukueu nowa taihen dakara restaurant ni ikimasho.
~としたらverb volitional form + to shitara - when I was about to do something
Dekakeyou to shitara ame ga futta - When I was about to go out, it began to raintabeyou to shitara teberarera - When I was about to eat him, I was eaten
~たものだverb ta-form + ta mono da - Used to Verb
Nihon ni ita toki wa yoku onna asobi o shita mono da - I used to play around girls when I was in Japan Gaikoku ni ita tok
~たてverb stem + tate - ( something was just done)
Yaki tate no yakitori wa oishiitsukuri tate no ie
~ぐらいN+gurai - N is the minimum level,degree etc, at least
Hiragana gurai kakenai gaijin wa komaru Humberger kurai tsukuremasu
~かえってOn the contrary
diet o shisugiru to kaette futoruNihon-go ga jozu ni naru to kaette Eigo ga wakuru natta
~には~の~がある(NにはNの があるー )
N has its own-
Watashi ni wa Watashi no kangae ga aru - I have my own ideaNihon ni wa Nihon nari no yosa ga aru
~っぽいVerb sten + ppoi, adj stem + ppoi, noun + ppoi
something looks like, someone easily gets negative connotationOnna ppoi otoko wa kimoi - feminine boy is weirdSaikin wasure ppoi - recently I feel forgetful
~に関するconcerning, about
America no BSE ni kansuru mondaui - problem about American BSESensou ni kansuru News - news about war
まさか
<まさか~ない> 信じられない
まさか韓国で大地震が起きるとは思わなかった。
まい動詞辞書形+まい、動詞ます形+まい
ないつもりだ。あのまずいラーメン屋にはもういくまい。たぶん~ないだろう彼女とケンカしたから、たぶん彼女はこないだろう
きり
いったい(一体)
ふり
どうやら
おかげで
さらに(更に)
すでに(既に)
つい
むしろ
さえ
~になれる
~に違いない
なかなか
~ために
~ず
~によると
~代わり
ようにする
~始める
~ても
~として
ように
こそ
~ないうちに
どうしても
~がち
せいぜい
限る
~とともに~
~たび~
すぎない(過ぎない)
おいて(於いて)
~げ
つもりで
Grammar/Categories including
type EN JP meaning group # ex. checked
GR advanced - Advanced Topics 3 0 0
GR ageru 上げるto do something for someone else
3 9 0
GR amari-2 あまり not really 3 7 -1
GR amari-nai あまり + 動詞(否定形)
not very, not much 3 18 -1
GR atto iu ma あっと言う間In a flash, before one knows it, in a blink of an eye, in no time, flash by, (time) flies
3 8 0
GR au 合う Vm, verb~together, mutually 3 8 0
GR bakari ばかりjust (just recently) / nothing but
3 18 0
GR beki べき should do Vru 3 8 0
GR casual Casual Patterns and Slang
Casual Patterns and Slang 3 0 0
GR Causative せる させる・make, let (someone do something)
3 3 0
GR dai ~だい ? (for casual questions) 3 4 0
GR darou だろうis, would be, probably is; isn't it?
3 15 0
GRdasu dashite dashita
出す、出して、
出した
to pay, to place, to issue, to stick out, to put forth, to serve,
3 0 0
GR de, ni, mae で に 前 ・ ・time and place prepositions at in on
3 14 0
GR dearou であろうI guess, wonder, probably, isn't it?
3 5 -1
GR dearu であるTo be, is (formal equivalent of だ [da])
3 4 0
GR douse どうせ after all; eventually; at best 3 5 -1
GR doushitemo どうしてもabsolutely, surely, by all means, no matter what, at any cost; after all
3 2 0
GR eba 件形条 if 3 10 0
GR ga suru がするto affect the senses (to taste, to smell of, to feel like, to give the sensation of etc.)
3 4 0
GR garu がるAb ~seems (of somebody else's emotions & desires)
3 8 0
GR ha-2 ~は'ha (wa)' used to indicate contrast
3 6 0
GR hakanai い儚hopeless, fleeting, transient, fickle
3 9 -1
GR hazu 筈believe that it is so; expect that it is so; it is supposed to be so
3 23 -1
GR hodo-2 ほど-2to the extent of; to the extent that ~; (not as) ~ as ~ ; about [REL. bakari; kurai]
3 4 0
GR hoshii が欲しいN, to want something (desirative)
3 14 -1
GR hotondo ほとんど (殆
殆ど・ )most of / rarely 3 3 0
GR houga 方が(often it'd be better to do __) Such-and-such an option is something
3 7 0
GR How to write a Japanese letter
日本語の手紙
の書き方
Grammar points for writing in Japanese
3 0 0
GR Jaki 邪気 Malice, bad feeling 3 0 0
GR ka shira. かしら。I wonder if... (A type of question mark)
3 0 0
GR ka-2 ~かwhether, the question of (sub sentence question)
3 7 0
GR kadouka かどうか whether, if 3 11 0
GR kai. かい。 (A type of question mark) 3 0 0
GR kana ~かなI wonder.. (Based on か question particle.)
3 5 0
GR kanousei 可能性 Existence of possibility 3 5 0
GR kata -方 how to _____, way to _____, 3 3 0
GR kininaru になる気thinking about, concerned about, worried about
3 3 0
GR konna こんなsuch; this; like this; such.....as this; of this kind
3 19 -1
GR koto ni naru ことになるit has been decided/arranged that
3 2 0
GR kotonisuru ことにする Decide to do something 3 2 0
GR kurai, gurai くらい、ぐら
い (位)
to the extent that; so ~ that ~ almost ~; at least; the only ~; rather than ~
3 7 0
GR kureru くれる ( れ呉る)
to give me, to do for me, I was given
3 12 0
GR madeni までに by __[day, date, time, etc.]__ 3 1 0
GR maeni 前に before [action] 3 3 1
GR mama ままas it is, leave as it is, (remain) unchanged
3 7 0
GRmarude _______ no you na
まるで_____のような
just like, alike to, 3 0 0
GR mitai みたい looks like 3 6 0
GR morau 貰うhave someone do something for you
3 12 -1
GR na ~な(particle used うぃth na-adjectives)
3 3 0
GR na-2 ~なVru, (negative command - sentence ending particle)
3 7 0
GR naa なあ、な~、 Adds emphasis - sentence 3 5 0
なending particle; Emphasizes personal desires
GR nado ~など and etc. 3 5 0
GRnaka, ue, shita, etc.
~中に、~上
に、~下に、
など
Talking about relative location of an object
3 8 0
GRnakereba narimasen
なければなり
ません
must ____; really should _____; it won't do if you don't ____.
3 2 0
GR nanoni ~なのにbut, although (contrast, surprising)
3 21 0
GR nara なら if 3 10 0
GR naru なるUsed much like the な of na-adjectives - somewhat archaic.
3 2 0
GR nasai なさいInformal Imperative (request form)
3 5 0
GR nashi なし without 3 2 0
GR nihanshite に反して against, contrary to 3 22 0
GR nikagitte に限ってof all the ... / especially / only / just
3 15 0
GR nikui にくい Is diffcult to do 3 5 0
GR ninaru になる To become 3 4 -1
GR nisuru-2 にする To decide on, to choose 3 2 0
GR nitotte にとって to; for 3 17 -1
GR nitsuite について regarding, about 3 15 -2
GR no da のだ explanation 3 2 0
GR no-2 ~のTurn a phrase ending in a verb into a 'noun phrase'
3 4 0
GR no-3 ~の? (sentence ending particle - question) [F]
3 13 0
GR noni-2 のに in order to, to 3 5 0
GR passive ~れる ~ら・れる
passive verb ending 3 10 -1
GR polite 儀正しい 礼Polite Form and Verb Stems (~です、~ます)
3 0 0
GR rashii らしいseem, look like, apparently, I heard
3 7 0
GR saseru させるmake, let someone do something
3 9 0
GR sekkaku せっかく with effort 3 5 0
GR shi し and 3 8 0
GR shimau しまう (仕舞
う 終う 了・ ・う)
Vte, (Definitely, completely [often to ones regret] do V)
3 3 0
GR should Things that should be a certain way
Things that should be a certain way (はず、べき、べく、
べからず)
3 0 0
GRshould do/better to/ought to/have to
するべき ほ・うが良い し・なければなら
ない
you should 3 0 0
GR signs Showing signs of something
Showing signs of something (~がる、ばかり、~め
く)
3 0 0
GR similar 類似
Various ways to express similarity and hearsay (よ
う、~みたい、~そう、~
そうだ、~らしい、~っぽ
い)
3 0 0
GRSonomama no kotoba
そのままの言
葉Set expressions or phrases 3 5 0
GR sou そう Vm, Looks like 3 8 0
GR sou-2 そう I hear that 3 6 0
GR sugiru すぎる too; too much; excessively 3 11 0
GR tai たい Vm, wanting to do ___ 3 4 0
GR tame 為 In order to, because of, for 3 7 0
GR tara たら if, when (verb form) 3 15 0
GR tari suru form たり する form
doing things like V+ing 3 9 0
GR te ~て([verb]-te, connects two sentences)
3 10 0
GR tearu て形+ある (て在る て有る・ )
Vte something has been purposely put into a state
3 4 0
GR tehaikenai て形+はいけ
ない (ては行
け無い)you shouldn't, one should not 3 14 -1
GR teiru て形+いる (て居る)
Vte (Continuing states, experience, repetative events)/ doing currently
3 2 0
GR tekuru て形+くる (て
る来 )Vte go, do something, and return
3 4 0
GR temiru て形+みる (て見る)
to try (out) 3 4 0
GR tendency TendenciesTendencies (~がち、~つ
つ、きらいがある)3 0 0
GR teshimau て形+しまう
(て仕舞う て・終う て了う・ )
wind up ____ing, end up ___ing, finish ____ing
3 13 -1
GR to ~と (on when) doing, if 3 9 0
GR to douyou と同様 the same way as, as well as 3 1 0
GR toiukotodesune ということで
すね (と云う
事ですね)your message is that ... 3 1 0
GR toki ~時 when 3 3 1
GR tokoro ところ place, time, occasion 3 5 0
GR tokoro de ところで (所で で・処 )
by the way 3 6 0
GR toomou 意向形と思う I think I will (do) 3 10 -1
GR totemo ~ nai とても~ない Can`t possibly 3 2 0
GR totomoni と共にas well as; with; along with; at the same time; when; as; while
3 10 -1
GR tsumoridatta 積もりだったI had the intention to do (but I didn't)
3 9 -1
GR tsuzukeru ける続 keep on doing ... 3 7 -1
GRverb stem + dasu/dashita ~出す begin/start... 3 6 0
GR wa ~わ (adds emphasis) [female] 3 3 -1
GR wake 訳meaning; reason; circumstances
3 12 0
GR wo-2 ~を area passed through (通過点) 3 4 0
GR wo-3 ~を(marks point of departure) 出
点発3 4 0
GR wokiita を聞いた I heard 3 11 0
GR yasui やすい easy to V 3 8 -1
GR yatto やっと finally 3 3 -1
GR yo ~よ! (exclamation mark, add emphasis, denote new
3 4 0
information being imparted)
GR yori より than, rather than 3 7 0
GR yori-2 より more ____ 3 3 0
GR yotei 予定 be planning to do~ 3 3 0
GR you よう appearance, looks, seems 3 4 0
GR youniiu ように言う V, To say to (do something) 3 5 0
GR youninaru ようになるIndicates a change which has taken place or will take place.
3 6 0
GR youtosuru ~ようとするTry to do something, but the nuance is that it was unsuccessful.
3 3 0
GR youtosuru, part II ~おうとする
と
A voluntary action stopped just before being completed
3 3 0
GR zuni ずに without 3 2 0
GR ~tokoro (da) ~ところ(だ) (所だ だ・処 )
I am about to / I was about to 3 6 0
AのほうがBより
A is more than B
もんですから
because
うちに
while a condition holds
Xが になる 気
be concerned about X
Xが をつける 気
to be careful of X
どうしても
no matter what
つい
accidentally
わざわざ
to go out of one's way
V v としたら
when I was about to V
XてYくらいだ
X to the extent Y
VSたて
ST just done
ろくに~ない
not enough
せいか
perhaps because
Vてごらんなさい
try V-ing
~に越したことはない
nothing can be better than ~
思うように
as one wishes
~がち
to tend to ~
Nたら
disbelief marking topic sentence
よっぽど
really
~に違いない
it must be
さすが
as may be expected
Nなんて
things like ~
ものの
although
それにしても
even so
~限り
as far as; as long as
日のように 毎
almost everyday
せいぜい
at most
ながら
although
かえって
on the contrary
Vようになる
to become like
方がいいです
it is better to
なくてはいけません
must
てみる
try
Nなら
contrast
し
reason
~てしまう
sense of regret
たら
if
~と
whenever A, B.
Vsながら
two V at same time
そうです
looks like
(い)そうです
I hear
ないで
without doing
間に
within A
AばB
if
AのにB
despite A
ような
like
V方
way of Ving
のではないだろうか
I think it is the case that
むしろ
one is more ~ than the other
として
as
ために
due to
ほど
to the extent of S1
まま
as it is
つまり
in other words
何と言っても
undeniably
面白いことに
the interesting thing is
やっぱり
as expected
以外の
other than ~
通りいっぺんの N
stereotyped
なんとか manage
to do
たんといっても
after all
よほど
unless
~祭
when -ing
連づける 関
is connected to
A, B とように
like A or B
て、しかも
on top of ~
に過ぎない
be nothing but
とともに
together with ~
途中で
in the middle of
~は A にして B
it is not only A but B
~とすれば
given that
につながる
is connected to