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jkpoha;Tr; rq;fkk;; (A Blind Review & Refereed Quarterly International Journal)

ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O):Impact Factor: 3.458(CIF), 3.669(IRJIF) Formally UGC Approved Journal (64089)

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[dtup-khu;r; 2019 ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O)

jkpoha;Tr; rq;fkk; gFjp VI, gjpg;G 16

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,izaj;jpy; gjptpwf;fk; nra;a www.iaraindia.com jkpoha;Tr; rq;fkk; - gd;dhl;L Ma;tpjo;

ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O) Impact Factor: 3.458(CIF), 3.669(IRJIF) gFjp VI, gjpg;G 16-[dtup-khu;r; 2019

Formally UGC Approved Journal (64089), © Author

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gadw;w Ky;iy Ky;iyg;G+f;fs; ,d;gKw;W ,Uf;Fk; jiytp jd;Jauj;ij G+f;fspd; topahff; $Wtij> ,isNahu; #lhh; tisNahu; nfha;ahu; ey;ypaho; kUg;gpd; nky;y thq;fpg; ghzd; #lhd; ghbdp mzpahs; Mz;ik Njhd;w Mltu;f; fle;j ty;Nty; rhj;jd; kha;e;j gpd;iw Ky;iyAk; g+j;jpNah xy;iya+u; ehl;Nl (Gwk; gh.245) Ky;iyNa cd;id ,sikahd MltUk; #bf;nfhs;s khl;lhu;. tisay; mzpe;j ngz;fSk; gwpf;f khl;lhu;fs;> ghzDk; #lkhl;lhd;> ghbdpAk; mzpe;J nfhs;skhl;lhu;> gilapy; Mw;wy; kpf;f tPud; rhj;jd; ,we;j gpd;G mtd; ehl;by; tsKk; Ky;iyNa ,g;NghJ eP g+j;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhNa vd;d gad; vd;W ngUQ;rhj;jd; ghLfpwhh;.

kidtpapd; ,wg;gpy; tUe;jpa fztd; ahq;Fg; ngupjhapDk; Nehad ntidj;Nj capu;nrFf; fy;yh kJifj;J md;ikapw; fs;sp Nghfpa fsupak; gwe;jiy nts;spilg; nghj;jpa tpistpwF <kj;J xs;soy; gs;spg; ghay; Nru;j;jp ehq;fu; kha;e;jds; kle;ij ,d;Dk; tho;ty; vd;dpjd; gz;Ng. (gh.245) fhjy; Neha; vt;tsT typikAilaJ mjpy; capu; ,wg;gJ vd;gJ fbdk;. vdJ md;G kidtp fs;spg; gutpa RLfhl;by; ntl;lntspapy; %lg;gl;lr; RLfhl;by; ntl;l ntspapy; %lg;gl;l tpwfpy; jPapy; gLf;fitj;J kiwe;J Nghdhs;. ,dpa vd; kidtp Mdhy; ehd; ,d;Dk; ,wg;G vd;gJ tho;f;if vd;gJ vd;d vd;W Gupatpy;iy

[dtup-khu;r; 2019 ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O)


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vd;W Jauj;ijf; fz;L tUe;Jfpwhu;. fztid ,oe;j ngz;zpd; Jauk; gy;rhd; wPNu gy;rhd; wPNu nry;nfdr; nrhy;yhJ xopnfd tpyf;Fk; nghy;yhr; #o;r;rpg; gy;rhd; wPNu mzpy;tupf; nfhLq;fha; ths;Ngho;e;J ,l;l fho;Nghy; ey;tpsu; eWnra; jPz;lhJ milapilf; fple;j ifgpb gpz;lk; nts;vs; rhe;njhL Gspg;nga; jl;l Ntis nte;ij ty;rp ahfg; guw;nga; gs;spg; ghapd;W trpAk; catw; ngz;bNuk; my;Nyk; khNjh ngUq;fhl;Lg; gz;zpa fUq;Nfhl;L <kk; Ekf;Fmup jhFf jpy;y vkf;Fvk; ngUe;Njhs; fztd; kha;e;njd mUk;Gmw ts;spjo; mtpo;e;j jhkiu es;spUk; ngha;ifAk; jPAk;Xu; mw;Nw. (Gwk;. gh.246) cd; fztd; gy Fzq;fis nfhz;ltd;. cd; fztid ghh;f;fg; NghfhNj vd;W nrhy;yhky; mtid Ngh vd;W nrhy;yp cs;sk; kfpor; nrhd;dts;. mzpy; Nky; cs;tupfisAk; tise;j nts;spf;fha;ia mupthshy; mwpe;j tpijfs; Nghd; ey;y nts;is epwkhfTk; ghidapd; ePu; mbg;gFjpapy; ePu; ,Uf;Fk; mjpy; mbapy; Nrhw;Wg; gUf;Ffis vLj;J nts;is vs;JitaYld; Gspapl;Lf; fha;r;rpa Ntisf;fPiu Mfpatw;iw czthf nfhLg;gha; Mdhy; me;j fy;gug;gpa gLf;ifapy; ,y;yhky; ehd; gLf;Fk; ifk;ngz; my;y me;j RLfhl;by; mikf;fg;gl;l fupa fl;ilapy; mikag;ngw;w gpzg;gLf;if cq;fSf;Fj; jhq;f khl;lhJ. mg;gbg;gl;l ngupa NjhisAila fztd; ,we;jhd; vd;w nra;jp ,y;yhky; vy;yh g+f;fSk; kyu;e;j ngupa jhkiug; ngha;ifAk; jPAk; xU jd;ikahfNt mike;Js;sJ. cd;d kWj;j my;yp mwpa jhNk rpWnts; shk;gy; ,isak; Mfj; jioah apdNt ,dpNa

ngUtsf; nfhOed; kha;e;njdg; nghOJ kWj;J ,d;dh itfy; cz;Zk; my;ypg; g^ck; Gy;yh apdNt. (Gwk; gh.248) ehd; ,sikaha; ,Ue;j NghJ jioAld; g+thf ,Ue;jJ. ehd; tsk; nghUe;jpa fztd; ,we;jijf; fz;L me;j my;ypAk; cz;z kWj;J Gy; muprpahf khwptpl;lJ vd;W jiytd; $Wfpwhu;. fz;zPuhNy rhzj;ijf;nfhz;L nkOfpa jiytp fjpu;%f;F Muy; fPo;r;Nrw;W xspg;gf; fizf;Nfhl;L this kPePu;g; gpwo vupg;g+k; godk; neupj;Jld; tiyQu; mupf;Fuy; jlhupapd; ahik kpspug; gidWFk; gd;d rpidKjpu; tuhnyhL cwo;Nty; md;d xz;fay; Kff;Fk; mfy;ehl;L mz;zy; GfhNt neUieg; gfyplq; fz;zpg; gynuhLk; $l xU topg; gl;ld;W kd;Nd ,d;Nw mlq;fpa fw;gpd; Ma;Wjy; kle;ij cau;epiy cyfk; mtd;Gf thu ePW ML Rwfpw; rPwplk; ePf;fp mKjy; Mdhf; fz;zs; nkOFk; Mg;gpfz; fYo;eP uhNd. (Gwk; gh.249) vdJ fztd; $u;ikahd %f;ifAila Muy; kPd; Nrw;wpy; kiwiaf; $b jd;ikf;nfhz;ltd;. NkYk;> mjpfk; Kw;;iwAila thiskPd; NkNy gpwo;f; $batd;> rpte;j g+f;fisAilag; ngha;ifapy; neUq;fpr; nry;yf;$batd;. nkd;ikahd xypapid cila fpizapd; Kfk; Nghd;w Njhw;wk; cilatd;. gidapy; xiyapy; mUf;ff;$ba jd;ikf;nfhz;ltd;. vjpupfis Nty; Nghd;w nfhz;ilia vLj;Jf; nfhz;L ngupa ehl;Lila jiytd;. ,tu;fSs; czT nfhz;L midj;Jg; giltPuu;fSld; nrd;W ftiyaw;W tho;gtd;. mtsJ kidtp fw;Gilats; mfd;w new;wpiaf; nfhz;lts;. mg;gbg;gl;l jiytp jd; fztDf;fhf jd; fz;zPuhy; tuf;$ba ePiuf;nfhz;L mtDilar; rkhjpapy;

[dtup-khu;r; 2019 ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O)


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nkOfpf;nfhz;L ,Uf;Fk; epiyia fhZk; NghJ kpfTk; tpag;gghf ,Ug;gijf; fhzKbfpwJ. je;ijia ,oe;j Foe;ijfs; Fa;Fuy; kype;j nfhOe;Jit

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gpd;Nd (Gwk; gh.393) xypkpf;f tskhd khkpj;NjhL Nrhw;iwk; jd; Foe;ijfNshL jLj;J epWj;jp thapiyAk; jd; fz;zPiuj; Jilj;Jf; Fspu;e;j kzkpf;fg; ge;jiyAk; ePf;fptpl;L my;yp muprpia czthf cz;Zk; kidtpNahL ,d;gkhf tho;e;jtd;. ,g;nghOJ jd; je;ij jdp RLfhl;il mile;jhd;. Foe;ijia ,oe;j jha; vd; jpwj;J mtyk; nfhs;sy;

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tpsu;g;gpd; tisapy; tWq;if Xr;rpf; fpisAs; xa;tNyh $Wepd;

ciuNa (Gwk; gh.253) cd;id tpl;Lg; gpupe;Njd; vd;W vd;idg;gw;wp eP tUe;j Ntz;lhk;. typik nghUe;jpa ,sikAilatu;fsplk; tpisahbf; nfhz;bUe;Njd;. mg;nghOJ ,we;j nra;jpiaf; Nfl;Nld; vd;dhy; mij nghWj;Jf; nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy cd;idg; gpupe;j nra;jp vdf;F vg;gb Njhd;WfpwJ vd;why; ney; kzpfs; Njhd;whj ,lkhdJ %q;fpy; gl;il fod;w

,lk; Nghy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. cd; Ntjid jhq;fhky; ntSj;Jg; Nghd tisay;fs; ,oe;j ntWq;ifiaj; jiyNky; itj;Jf; nfhz;L cd; cwtpdu;fNshL nrd;why; eP ,we;J Nghd nrhy;iyr; nrhy;y vd;W vd;gij fhzKbfpwJ. ,ij Fsk;ge;jhadhu; kpf Mokhf $wpAs;shu;. KbTiu xU kdpjDf;F md;G vd;gJ gy tpjf;Nfhsq;fspy; miktijf; fhzyhk;. jiytd; ,we;j nra;jpiaf; fz;l jiytp Njitg;gLk; NghJ g+f;fhj Ky;iyNa vd; jiytd; ,we;j gpd;G eP g+j;J vd;dg;gad; vd;W tpdTfpwhs;. jiytd; jd; kidtp ,we;j gpd;G mtNshL tho;e;jfhyq;fspy; vd;W tWe;Jk; jiytid fhzKbfpwJ. jiytid ,oe;j jiytp jiytd; tPuk; nghwpe;jpatd; nrd;w ,lnky;yhk; ntw;wp ngw;W te;jtd; ,g;gb ,we;jhd; vd;why; mij vd;dhy; jhq;fpf;nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy vd;w Ntjid Gwg;gLj;jpfpwhs;. jiytp ehd; thOfpd;w fhyq;fspy; vd; jiytd; vg;gb vd;id md;NghL itj;Jf; nfhz;lhd; mg;gbgl;ltd; ,g;nghOJ ,oe;j nra;jpiaf; Nfl;Fk; NghJ mstpy;yh Jauk; mile;Njd;. tpisahl nrd;w Foe;ij ,we;jijf; fz;l jha;gLk; Ntjidfs; fhzKbfpwJ. kdpjd; ,we;j gpd;G mtu;fs; Jd;gq;fis ehk; ghu;f;f KbfpwJ vd;W ,f;fl;Liu thapyhf mwpa Kw;gl;Ls;sJ.

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ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O) Impact Factor: 3.458(CIF), 3.669(IRJIF)

gFjp VI, gjpg;G 16 - [dtup - khu;r; 2019 Formally UGC Approved Journal (64089), © Author

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rp. Atuh[; Kidth;gl;l Ma;thsh;

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[dtup - khu;r; 2019 ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O)


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cauKila rhuy;> mLf;fk; Kjy; kpFk; cah;e;J kiyfisAila gdptiufs; tiu mlq;Ftij> FWk;nghiw mayJ neLe;jhs; Ntq;if (mfk;.368;:6) vd;Dk; ghly;thpapd; %ykhf kJiu kUjdpsehfdhh; ghlypd; %ykhff;$Wfpwhh;. Ntq;ifapd; tsuplkhf kiyr;rhuy;fSk; rpWFd;WfSk; kl;Lky;yhJ> kiojto; cau;tiufSk;> Xq;F kiyaLf;fq;fSk;> khkiy tplufq;fSk;> NfhLah; nghUg;GfSk; $Wg;gLtJld; mk;kiyfSf;F ,ilNaahd kiyg;gs;sj;jhf;FfSk; $wg;gLtij> Fd;wfr; rpWnewp (mfk;.205:20) Kiyf; fthmd; (mfk;.118:2) vd;W mfehD}w;Wg;ghlybfs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd. NkYk;> vopy; vd;Dk; kiyr;rhuypy; ey;yepwk; mike;j nrk;ikahd mbkuk; cah;e;jjhd fhpa mbik cila Ntq;if kuj;jpd; jPiag; Nghd;w nre;epwg; G+f;fis Mz;ahid cz;Zk; vd;gij> #ohJ Ruf;Fk; ed;dd; ed;dhl;L Vopw; Fd;wj;Jf; fthmw; Nfo;nfhsj; jpUj;jiu epte;j fUq;fhy; Ntz;Lk; (mfk;.349:8-10) ghiyj;jpizg; ghlybfspd; kh%ydhh; $Wtijf; fhzKbfpwJ. ,iyAjph; kuk; Ntq;if kukhdJ Ntdpw;fhyj;Jj; jk; ,iyfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk; cjph;e;J. mjd; %ykhf ePuhtpg; Nghf;fpidf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;. jkf;Fk; ,ilj;j Fiwe;j msT ePiuj; jk;Ks;NsNa jf;fitf;Fk; ,iyAjph; kuq;fSs; Ntq;ifAk; xd;ehFk;. Ntq;if kuk; Ntdpw;fhyj;jpy; ,iyfs; vy;yhk; cjpUk;. gpd;G jiyg;ngaYf;Fj; jiof;Fk; jd;ik cz;L. ,iyfis cjph;j;J Kjypy; ,zu;fshf kyh;fs; tsUk; gpd; mk;kyh;fSf;F mo$l;Ltd Nghy

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Gypf;Nfo; cw;w G+tpilg; ngUQ;rpid (mfk;.141:24-25) NkYk;> mUk;GKjph; Ntq;if myq;fy; nkd;rpid (mfk;.242:1) vd;nwy;yhk; gythW mofpid tpsf;Fk; milf;nfhLj;Jg; Nghw;wpf; $Wfpd;wdh;. Ntq;if ,iy Ntq;if ,iy Ie;J Kjy; VO rpw;wpiyfis (myF) cilajhf ,Uf;Fk;. xt;nthU rpw;wpiyAk; %d;W Kjy; Ie;J mq;Fyk; tiu ePz;l %l;il tbthAk;> ed;F CLUtpr; nry;Yk; jbj;j ,iy euk;Gfis cilajhAk;> Njhy; Nghy; jbj;Jk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,iyEdp XNu topg; gpsTgl;L ,Ue;jhYk; cz;L vd;gij F. rPdpthrd; $Wfpwhh;. Ntq;ifapd; $l;biyfisj; jdpj;jdp ,iyfshfNt nfhz;L ghbAs;sdh;. ,iyfs; fUk;gr;ir epwj;jpy; gsgsg;Gk; kpFe;J ,Uf;Fk;. ,jid> mfyiw kyh;e;j mUk;GKjph; Ntq;if Xs;spiy . . . . . . . . . (mfk;.105:1-2) vd mfehD}w;Wg;ghlybfspd; %ykhf Ntdpypd; nfhLikahy; ,iyfis ,of;Fk; jd;ikia cilakuk; fhh;fhyj;jpd; jiyg;ngaYf;Fg; gpd;dh; kzp Vh; mUk;G+o;e;Jg; gpd;dh; mUk;G KjpUk; jUzj;Jg; GJj;jsph; jiof;Fk;. mg;Gjpa jsph;fisNa xs;spiy vd;fpwhh; jhaq;fz;zdhh;. Ntq;ifAk; jPr;RlUk; Ntq;if kyiug;nghd;Df;F kl;Lkpd;wpj; jPg;nghwpf;Fk;> jPr;RlUf;Fk; ctik $wpAs;sdh;. tiuNrh;ngOe;j Rlh;tP Ntq;ifg; G+Tilg; ngUQ;rpid . . . . . (gjpw;Wg;ghly;.41:8) vd gjpw;Wg;gj;J ghlybfs; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ nrttpjha mbkuk; cah;e;j fhpa mbapidAila Ntq;if kuj;ij> jpUe;jiu epte;j fUq;fhy; Ntq;if

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kyh;fs; tz;Lfis mioj;jspf;Fk; tiffs; cz;L. Ntq;if kyh;fspd; eWkzk; mJ tpisAk; kiyg;gFjp KOtJk; fkOkhW mikAk; vd;gij> eWtP Ntq;if ,dtz; lhh;f;Fk; ntwpfko; Nrhiy (mfk;.302:6-7) Ntq;if kyh;fspd; kzj;jhy; tpUk;gp tpisahLk; tz;Lfs; xypg;gJk; fhzyhk; vd kJiu mWitthzpfd; ,sNtl;ldhh; $Wfpwhh;. Ntq;if kyh;j;jhJ ,UgJ kfue;jg;igfs; Ntq;if kyh; ngw;wpUe;jypd; jhJ mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;. fhe;jisf; fhl;bYk; Ntq;ifg;G+tpy; mjpfkhf kfue;jj;J}s; fhzg;gLfpwJ. Ntq;if kyhpy; gj;J kfue;jj;jhs;fs; Ie;J Ie;J cila ,j;njhFjpahff; fhzg;gLk;. xt;nthU njhFjpapYk; gj;Jg;gj;J kfue;jg;igfisg; ngw;w tpsq;Fk; kfue;jj; Nfruq;fs; gj;Jk; Nrh;e;J Foy; Nghy; ,ize;J NkNy gphpe;J fhzg;gLk;. kfue;jg;igfs; ahTk; xd;WNghy; mike;jpUf;Fk; vd;W n[.v];. Nfk;gpy; Ma;thshpd; %ykhff; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,J nghd; tz;zKilaJ vd;Wk; $Wth;. nghJthf kfue;jj;J}s; ey;y kQ;rs; tz;zj;JlNdNa fhzg;gLk;. ,k;kQ;rs; tz;zj;ijNa nghd; ,Ug;gjhff; Fwpg;gpLtij> mUk;G Kjph; Ntq;if myq;fy; nkd; rpisf; fUk;G tha;jpwe;j nghd;Giu Ez;jhJ(mfk;.242:1-2) vd Nghprhj;jdhh; mfehD}w;wpy; Ez;ikahd jhJfs; nghd; tz;zj;Jld; ,Ug;gijf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh; ,q;F kw;nwhU epiyapy; caphpay; cz;ikAk; Rl;lg;gLfpwJ. ed;F Kw;wpa Kjph;e;j kyh;fspNyNa kfue;jg; igfSk; KOtsh;r;rpAw;Wg; gpd; ntbj;J>

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mf,yf;fpaj;jpy; Ntq;if – Ma;Tj;njhif> njhFjp -2

[dtup - khu;r; 2019 ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O)

jkpoha;Tr; rq;fkk; gFjpVI,gjpg;G16

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,izaj;jpy; gjptpwf;fk; nra;awww.iaraindia.com jkpoha;Tr; rq;fkk; - gd;dhl;LMa;tpjo;

ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O) Impact Factor: 3.458(CIF), 3.669(IRJIF) gFjpVI, gjpg;G16 - [dtup - khu;r; 2019


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mjd; epidT>nja;tNkehk; ca;ifAwehkhfpekf;Fs;NsnahspHtnjdcWjpnfhz;L ngha;>faik<rpdk;>Nrhk;gH>ftisapy; tPz; tpUg;gk;>GOf;fk;>mr;rk; IankDk; Ngianayhk; QhdnkDk; thdhNymWj;Jj; js;sp vg;NghJk; Md;ejr; RlHepiyapy; tho;e;JapHfl; ,dpJnra;NghH jg;ghNj ,t;Tyfpy; mkuepiyngw;wpUtHrJHNtjq;fs; nka;g;ghdrhj;jpuq;fs; vDkptw;why; ,t;Tz;iktpisr;rjo; $Wk; Jg;ghdkjj;jpidNa ,e;Jkjk; Vdg;GtpNahHnrhy;Y}thNu” vdghujp $Wk; ,e;Jkjk; gw;wpatpsf;fk; njspthdjhfNtmikfpwJ. NkYk; MW rkaq;fisAk; mjw;fhdnja;ttopghLfisAk; vLj;Jf; $WfpwhH. Ie;juk; - NjtHfspNy ,e;jpud; jiytd; vd;wnrhy;ypgukhj;khit“,e;jpud;”vd;wngauhy; topgLtJ. mf;Ndak; - mf;fpdpNaKjw;flTs; vd;gJ fhzhgj;jpak; - gukhj;khitf; fzgjpvd;wehkj;jhy; topgLtJ irtk; - rptNdNjtHfspy; caHe;jtd; vd;gJ itztk; - tp~;ZNtNkyhdnja;tk; vd;gJ rhf;jk; - rf;jpNaKjy; nja;tk; vd;gJ ,t;thWgl;bapy; jUfpwhHghujp. ghujpahH $Wk; ,t;thWgphpTfSf;Fk;>nghJthf ,e;Jrkaj;jpdHFwpg;gpLk; MW rkag; gphpTfSf;Fk;. rpwpJNtWghLfhdg;gLtJk; ftdpf;fj;jf;fJ. ghujpahHFwpg;gpLk; fhzhgj;ak; vd;gNjnghJthffisgNjak;. mjhtJfzgjptopghLvdg;gLk;. Mf;Nsak; mf;dptopghLvd;WghujpFwpg;gpLtJ. “nrsuk;” #hpatopghLvd;gijf;Fwpf;Fk;. Fkuidj; (KUfid) nja;tkha;

topgLk; nfskhuk; gw;wpghujpahHFwpg;G ,y;iy>mjw;Fg;gjpy; Ie;jpuk; vd;WNjtHfspd; jiytd; ,e;jpuidNagukhj;khthftopgLtJvd;WghujpFwpg;gpLfpwhH. NkYk; gpukhNtfzgjpvd;wnghUspy; ghujpahHFwpg;gpLk; Fwpg;Gftzpf;fje;jJ. gpukhTf;Ff; Nfhtpy; murkuj;jbapy; gps;isahHNfhtpyhfCHNjhWk; vw;gl;bUf;fpwJ. rptDf;Fk; ghHtjpf;Fk; tpthfk; ele;jNghJKjyhtFfzgjpf;Fg; G+i[ ele;jjhfNtjk; nrhy;YfpwJ. Ntjj;jpy; mf;dpia ,uz;L&gkhf;fp VO &gk; FkhudhfTk; vhy;yg;gLfpwJ. NjtFUmkpHjghf;ifAilajzehjd;. mtisNa ,e;Jkj;ijr; NrHe;jtHfs; vy;yhG+irfspYk; vy;yhtpjkhdfHkq;fspYk; Kjyhtjhftzq;fspd;wdH.

Ntjj;jy; gpukNjtidNafzgjpvdhp~pfs; tzq;fpdH. mtNutpehafHgpuztke;jpuj;jpd; tbtk; ahidKfk; gpuztke;jpuj;ijfhl;LtJ. Mwptpd; Fwpvd;W $wpNtjke;jpuj;Nagps;isahiug; gpuk;kNjtd; vd;Wfhl;bapUg;gjhfTk; $WfpwhH.

Ntjguhzq;fspy; nrhy;yg;gLk; %Hj;jpfnsy;yhk; xNugukhj;khtpd; fiyfs; vd;gij ,e;Jkjj;jpdHvg;NghJkkw;f;f $lhJ. gyNjtuhftzq;fhky; xNu %Hj;jpahfj; nja;tj;ijcghridnra;jw;Fk; ,e;Jkjk; ,lk;nfhLf;fpwJ. ,t;tpjcghridrpj;jj;ijvspjpy; xUKfg;gLj;Jk; gf;jpf;F ,JNtvspa top Mjyhy; irtk;>itztk; ,tHfSilacghridNtjtpNuhjkpy;iy. ,junja;tq;fistp~ak; njhpaky; gopj;jhy; mJjhd; ntjtpNuhjk; vd;WghujpFwpg;GLtJNghw;wj;jf;fJ.

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FWe;njhif ghiyj;jpizapy; epfOk; fhl;rpfs;

g.kzpfz;ld; Kidth;gl;l Ma;thsh;


Kd;Diu

rq;f ,yf;fpa E}y;fspy; FWe;njhif xd;W. Ie;jpizfspy; xd;whdJ ghiyj;jpiz. ghiyj;jpizapy; ntapypd; jhf;fk; kpFjpahf ,Uf;Fk;. fuLKulhd gFjpfs; epiwe;Jf; fhzg;gLk;. kuq;fs; ,iyfspd;wpf; fhl;rp jUk;. vdNt> FWe;njhif ghiyj;jpizapy; epfOk; fhl;rpfis Muha;tNj ,f;fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;

thif kuj;jpy; Xir thif kuq;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;w fha;e;j new;Wf;fs; fyfyntd;W XirapLfpd;wd. me;j XirahdJ Mhpah;fs; ,uz;L %q;fpy;fis ePz;l ,ilntspapUf;Fk;gb el;L mjd; cr;rpapy; ,Oj;Jf; fl;ba fapw;wpd; Nky; epd;W $j;jhLfpd;w NghJ mbf;fpd;w giwnahyp Nghy; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,t;thW gyh; mQ;Rk;gb xypf;Fk; thif kuq;fSk; %q;fpy; kuq;fSk; epiwe;Jf; fhzg;gLij> “…………………… Mhpah; fapwhL giwapd; fhy;nghuf; fyq;fp thif ntz;new;W xypf;Fk; Nta;gapy; mOtk; Kd;dpNahNu” (FWe;.7:3-7) vd;w ghly;thpfspy; ngUk;gJkdhh; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;. %q;fpy; kuj;jpd; cauk; xU rpwpa %q;fpy; kuk; ,Ue;jJ. Nga;g; gy;iyg; Nghd;w nghpa efq;fisAk; mfykhd fhy;fisAk; cila ahidf; $l;lk; fUk;Gj; Njhl;lj;jpd; topapy; nrd;wd. me;j ahidfspd; jiytdhfpa Ve;jy; Kd;Ndg;

NghFk;. mg;nghOJ fUk;Gfs; ghj;jpfspNy eRq;Fk;gb kpjpg;gLk;. kpjpg;gl;l fUk;gpd; xU fZTf;Fk; cs;s ,ilntsp vt;tsT ePsNkh mt;tsT ePse;jhd; me;j %q;fpypd; cauk;. ,jid> “g*cg;gy; md;d gU mfph;g; gh mb ,Uq;fspw;W ,d epiu Ve;jy;thpd;> kha;e;J miwkb fUk;gpd; fz;,il md;d> igjy; xU fio ePba Rud; ,we;J>” (FWe;.180:1-4) vd;w ghly;thpfspd; %yk; fr;rpg;Ngl;L ed;dhifahh; Rl;Lfpd;whh;. kiyapy; epfOk; fhl;rpfs; gy Ridfs; fhzg;gLk;. me;j Ridfnsy;yhk; vWk;G tisfisg; Nghd;Wf; FWfpa Njhw;wj;ijAilad. mjd; fhuzkhf mt;top tOf;fy; epiwe;jpUe;jJ. ePh; mjpfkhd NkL gs;sq;fisf; nfhz;lJ. kiyapYs;sg; ghiwfs; nfhy;yd; ciyf;fsj;jpy; cs;s gl;lilf; fy;iyg; Nghd;W #Nlwpf; fplf;fpd;wd. mq;NfapUf;fpd;w

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vapdf; Fbapdh; me;jg; ghiwfspNy Vwpj; jkJ mk;Gfisf; $h;ikahfj; jPl;bf; nfhz;bUg;ghh;fs;. topg;Nghf;fh;fspd; Nky; mt;tk;Gfis nrYj;jpdhYk; nrYj;Jthh;fs;. ,jid> “vWk;gp misapd; FWk;gy; Rida ciyf;fy; md;d ghiw Vwpf; nfhLtpy; vapdh; gfop kha;f;Fk;” (FWe;.12:1-3) vd;w ghly;thpfspy; Xjyhe;ijahh; Rl;Lfpd;whh;. kiyapy; $jhspr; nrbfs; epiwe;Jf; fhzg;gl;ld. ,e;j kiyapd; cauj;jpd; Njdilnahd;W ,Ue;jjJ. ,jid ,uz;L fhy;fSk; ,y;yhj Kltd; fz;lhd;. me;j Njid cz;gjw;F Mirg;gl;lhd;. Mdhy; mtd; kiyapd; mbapNyNa cl;fhh;e;J xU ghiwapd; jd; ifapid Ftpj;Jj; NjdpUf;Fk; jpirapypUe;J Njd; jd;Dila ifapy; epiwe;J tpOtjhff; fw;gid nra;J Ritj;J cz;lij> “FWe;jhs; $jsp Mba neLtiug; ngUe;Njd; fz;l ,Uf;if Kltd; cl;ifr; rpWFil Nfhypf; fPopUe;J Rl;LG ef;fp……………..” (FWe;.60:1-4) vd;w ghly;thpfspd; %yk; guzh; vLj;jpak;Gfpwhh;.

tpiue;J XLfpd;w Nkfq;fs; jto;e;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;w cr;rp thdj;ijashtpa kiyahdJ FWf;fhff; fplf;fpd;w kiy ehL. me;j topapy; guy; fw;fs; jd;Dila fhiyj; Jd;GWj;jp mjd; moifr; rpijf;Fk;gbj; jd; fhjyDld; jiytp nrd;wij>

“……………………….. mt;topg;

guy;gho; gLg;gr; nrd;wds;É khNjhÉ

nry;kio jtOk; nrd;dp>

tpz; cah; gpwq;fy;> tpyq;Fkiy ehl;Nl.” (FWe;.144:4-8) vd;w ghly;thpfspd; %yk; kJiu Mrphpad; Nfhld; nfhw;wd; czh;j;jpdhh;. fs;th;fspd; nray; gy fs;th;fs; epiwe;jpUg;ghh;fs;. mth;fs; njhopy; topapy; nry;Nthh; itj;jpUg;gijg; gwpj;J cz;gJ jhd;. topg;Nghf;fh;fisg; gaKWj;Jtjw;fhf mth;fs; mk;Gk; tpy;Yk; itj;jpUg;ghh;fs;. mth;fSila mk;Gfs; ,Uk;gpdhy; nra;ag;gl;lit. kOq;fpg;Nghd mk;Gfisj; jpUj;jptjw;fhf> mtw;iw mth;fs; jq;fs; if tpuypd; efq;fshy; Gul;bg; ghh;g;ghh;fs;. mg;nghOJ mt;tk;Gfs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W cuRtjdhy; xU tifahd XirAz;lhFtij> “……………………… fs;th;jk; nghd;Gid gfop nrg;gk; nfhz;khh; crph;Ejp Gul;Lk; Xir Nghyr;” (FWe;.16:1-3) vd;w ghly;thpfs; %yk; fhzyhk;. ghoile;j Ch; cg;G tzpfh;fs; gyh; fle;J nrd;w gue;j epyg;gFjp. ghh;g;gjw;F me;epykhdJ FbapUe;j Ch;g; ghoha;g; Nghdijg; Nghyf; fhzg;gLk;. tw;wp cyh;e;J Nghd Xik kuq;fspUf;fpd;wd. jq;Ftjw;F epoYk;> Fbg;gjw;F ePUk; fpilf;fhjg; gFjp. ,jid> “ckzh; Nrh;e;J fope;j kUq;fpd;> mfd; jiy> Ch;gho;j;J md;d> Xikak; ngUq;fhL” (FWe;.124:1-2) vd;w ghly;thpfspd; %yk; mwpayhk;. rFdk; ghh;j;jy; fUf;fhpthisg; Nghd;w KJifAila taJ Kjph;e;j Xzhd;fs; cz;L. mt;Nthzhd;fisf; fz;lhy; ey;y rFdk; vd;W $Wth;. jiytDk;

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me;j ghiy epyj;jpy; ey;y rFdj;ijg; ghh;j;Jr; nrd;wpUg;gij> “Ntjpdk; nthpepd; Xjp KJ Nghj;J MW nry;khf;fs; Gs;nfhsg; nghUe;Jk; RuNd nrd;wdh; fhjyh;É……..” (FWe;.140:1-3) vd;w ghly;thpfspd; %yk; ms;Sh; ed; Ky;iy $Wfpd;whh;. fs;spf; fhLfs; kioiaf; fz;lwpahj twz;l epyk;. ePUk; epoYkw;w gFjp. me;j epyj;jpy; fs;spf; fhLfs; kpFjpahf ,Uf;Fk;. me;jf; fs;spfspy; Kl;fs; neUq;fpapUf;Fk;. mtw;wpYs;s fha;fs; nta;apy; jhq;fhky; ntbf;Fk;. ,jdhy; ntbNahiriaf; Nfl;lTld; Gwhf;fspd; $l;lq;fs; mQ;rp XLk;. ,jid> ngay;kio Jwe;j Gyk;GW flj;Jf;> fitKs; fs;spf; fha; tpL fL nehb>

Jij nkd; J}tpj; Jizg;GwT ,hpf;Fk;É (FWe;.174:1-3) vd;w ghly;thpfspd; %yk; fhzKbfpd;wd. KbTiu FWe;njhifg; ghiyj;jpizapy; kpf mjpfkhd fhl;rpfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. thif> %q;fpy; kuq;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;w fhl;rpfs; xt;nthd;Wk; ghiyj;jpiziaf; fz;Kd;Nd epWj;Jfpd;wd. ghiyj;jpiziaf; fhZk;nghOJ kiyf; fhl;rpfs; epiwe;Jf; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. fs;th;fspd; nray;> ghoile;j Ch;> rFdk; ghh;j;jy;> fs;spf; fhLfs; ,itAk; ghiyj;jpizapy; ,Ue;jd.

NkYk;> FWe;njhif KOtJk; ghiyj;jpizapy; vz;zw;wf; fhl;rpfs; tputpf; fplf;fpd;wd. vdNt FWe;njhif ghiyj;jpizapy; epfOk; fhl;rpfis ,f;fl;Liuapy; Muha Kbe;jd.

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ISSN: 2320-3412(P), 2349-1639(O) Impact Factor: 3.458(CIF), 3.669(IRJIF) gFjpVI, gjpg;G16 - [dtup - khu;r; 2019


rq;f ,yf;fpaj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; jhtuq;fSk; tpyq;fpdq;fSk;

,uh.itNjfp Kidth;gl;lMa;thsh;

ghujpjhrd; cauha;Tikak;>ghujpjhrd; gy;fiyf;fofk;>jpUr;rpuhg;gs;sp

Kd;Diu

,aw;ifNahLkdpju;fs; xd;wptho;e;jfhyk; rq;f ,yf;fpafhyk;. rq;ffhyj;jpy; Ie;jpizf;Nfw;gkf;fs; jk; tho;f;ifiamikj;Jf; nfhz;ldu;. ,aw;ifapd; epoypy; kf;fspd; tho;f;if ,uz;lwf; fye;jijg; Gytu;fs; jk; ghly;fspy; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;sdu;. jhtuq;fSk; tpyq;fpdq;fSk; kf;fspd; czu;NthLfye;Js;sijrq;f ,yf;fpag; ghly;fspd; %yk; ,f;fl;Liuapd; thapyhfMuha;e;Jfhz;Nghk;.

jhtuq;fSk; tpyq;fpdq;fSk; ,aw;ifapd; gilg;Gfspy; kpfTk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jjhff; fhzg;gLtJgwitfs;>tpyq;Ffs;>kuk>; nrb>nfhbfisg; Gytu;fs; rq;f ,yf;fpag; ghly;fspy; gad;gLj;jpAs;sdu;. gy;NtWepyq;fspy; kuk;>nrb>nfhb>Gju;fs; ahTk; jj;jk; ngaNuhLjdpj;jdpNafhzg;gLfpwJ. fLf;if>copiQ>Fd;wp>vUf;FKjypadnrhw;fSf;Ftpupthdtpsf;fk; ngwhky; Rl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,Ug;ig>gyh>Ntq;if> %q;fpy;>Gd;F>jhio>Gd;id>Ky;iyKjypadnrhw;fs; gw;wpatpupthdtpsf;fq;fs; rq;f ,yf;fpag; ghly;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. %q;fpy;

“..............................Nfhilf;Fxy;Fk;

epd;wJfbavd;dhu; ehk; mo (mfk;:27) jiytpiatpl;Lj;jiytd; gpupe;Jnry;Yk; top

Nfhilf;fhw;WtPRtjhy; %q;fpy; mire;jhLk;. mk;%q;fpy; Gjupy; Gyp Gwj;jhu;f;Fg; Gyg;gLk; gbkiyaplj;Jmire;JelkhLk; nfhbikahdfhLvd;WmfehD}w;Wg; ghlybfs; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. ahid “ngUq; fspWcOitml;nld ,Uk;gpb caq;FgpzptUj;jnkhL ,aq;fy; nry;yhJ nea;jw; ghrilGiuAk; mk; nrtpg; igjy; mk; FotpjoP, xa;nad” (ew;:47) Gyp ngupaahidiaf; nfhd;wJ. mjidf; fz;lngz; ahidthbJd;gj;NjhL ,aq;f ,ayhky; nea;jypd; grpa ,iyiag; Nghd;WjdJmofpanrtpiaf; nfhz;lfd;wpidmizj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. ,ijg; Nghd;Wjiytidg; gpupe;Jnrd;wjhy; jiytpngz;ahidg; Nghy; Jd;gk;

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nfhz;ljhfahidNahLjiytpapd; czu;itxg;gpl;Lg; ghly; fhl;LfpwJ. “........................................ahid

,Uq;fTl; flhmk; fdTk; (mfk;:132)

NkYk;> “Xa;fspWvLj;jNehAilneLq; if njhFnrhw; Nfhbau; J}k;gpd; capu;f;Fk;” (mfk;:111) fhu; fhyj;jpy; FwpQ;rpepyj;jpd; moiff; fz;LahidngupathapypUe;JngUfpxOFk; kjePu; toptjhf; FwpQ;rpepyj;jpd; rpwg;ig ,g;ghly; Gyg;gLj;JfpwJ. “Fatup,Uk;Nghj;Jg; nghUjGz;$u;e;J caq;FgpbjoP,akjd; mop ahid thq;Fmikf; fioapd; euYk” (mfk;:398) ngupaMz; Gyp ahidiaj; jhf;fpajhy; typik ,oe;jMz; ahidingz; ahidiaj; jOtpf; nfhz;lJ. ,jid %q;fpyhw; nra;ag;ngw;w J}k;Gxypg;gJNghy; fhl;rpmspg;gjhfmfehD}W fhl;rpg;gLj;JfpwJ. Fuq;F “Fiytha; NjhAk; nfhOkly;thio mk;kly; gl;lmUtpj; jPk; ePu; nrk; Kfke;jpMUk; ehl!”(ew;:355) FwpQ;rpepyj;jpy; cs;sthiog; g+tpy; cs;sNjd; tpOe;JmJmUfpYs;smUtpapy; fyf;fme;jmUtpePiug; ngz; Fuq;Fxd;WgUFfpwJ. mJjiytDk; jiytpAk; fsnthOf;fj;jpy; ,d;Gw;Wg; gpupe;Jnry;Yk; jiytidvz;zpjiytptUe;Jtjhff; $wg;gLfpwJ. “iff;Nfhs; kwe;jfUtpuy; ke;jp” (kiygL:311) ngz; Fuq;Fjd; Fl;biaMokhdg; gs;sj;jhf;fpy; tpOe;J,we;jijvz;zpjd;

$l;lj;NjhLepd;WtUe;Jk; epiyiakiyg;gLflhk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. NkYk;> “fUtpuy; ke;jpf; fy;yhtd;ghu;g;G” (Iq;:280) J}f;fzhq; FUtp “%q;fpy; mk; fioj; J}q;fxw;Wk; tlGythilf;Fg; gpupNthu;” (ew;:366) thilf;fhw;why; J}f;fzhq;FUtpfl;ba $l;bid %q;fpy; mirj;Jj; jhf;Fk;. mJNghyjiytpiag; gpupe;jjiytd; nrayw;Wf; fplg;gjhfjd; neQ;rpw;Fciuf;Fk; ghlyhfmikag;ngw;Ws;sJ. tz;L “Jspjiyj; jiy ,arhuy; espRidf; $k;GKifmtpo;j;jFWq;rpiwg; gwit Ntq;iftpup,zu; Cjpfhe;js; NjDilf; FtpFiyj; JQ;rp” (mfk;:132) fhu; fhyj;jpy; nga;Ak; kioahy; kiyr; rhuypy; FWfparpwFisnfhz;ltz;Lfs; ngupaRidaplj;Nj $k;gpdnkhl;Lf;fs; kyur; nra;jd. KbTiu

gy;NtWepyq;fspy; ,Ue;jkuk;>nrb>nfhbfs;>ePupy;tho;td>epyj;jpy; tho;td>gwitfs;>tpyq;Ffs; Mfpadgw;wpAk; kuq;fisciwtplkhff; nfhz;Ltho;gitfhw;Wkuk; Kjyptw;Wld; njhlu;Gnfhz;litgw;wpAk; tpyq;FfSf;F ,aw;ifmspj;Js;s ,d;gtho;Tgw;wpanra;jpfSk;> ,aw;ifkf;fspd; czu;tNthLfye;Js;sijAk>; ,aw;ifapd; %yk; kf;fs; jq;fs; czu;Tfisgfpu;;e;js;sdu; gw;wpAk; ,f;fl;Liuapy; thapyhffhzKbfpwJ.

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njhy;fhg;gpak; kw;Wk; mfehD}w;wpy; Fwpf;F Vw;w ,lKk; #oYk;

e.khyjp Kidth;gl;l Ma;thsh;


Kd;Diu

mfj;jpiz ,uz;L ifNfhs;fshf gpupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ ifNfhs; vd;gJ xOf;fkhFk;. xd;W fsT, kw;nwhd;W fw;G vdg;gLk;. fsT, kiw, (,ufrpak;), fhkf;$l;lk; vd;nwy;yhk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ .jkpo;g; gz;ghl;Lg;gb fsntdg;gLtJ fw;ig mbg;gilahf nfhz;ljhFk;. fw;gpy; KbahjJ fsT MfhJ. fsT vd;why; jpUl;L vd;gJ nghUshFk;. xUtDf;F nrhe;jkhd mtdJ ngz;iz NtW xUtd; mtspd; je;ijf;Fj; njupahky; jd; kidtpahf cupikahf;fpf; nfhs;tJk; jpUl;L vd;gjhFk;. ,J kfisj; jpULtjhFk;. vdNt fsT vd;gJ jpUkz Kiwf;F mbj;jsk; vd;gij ,r;nra;jp ekf;F Gyg;gLfpwJ. ,ijj;jhd; xj;j fpotDk; fpoj;jpAk; jLg;ghUk; nfhLg;ghUk; ,d;wp;j; jhNk $b xOFk; xOf;fk; MFk;. fd;dpg; ngz;fisf; ftu;e;J kzj;jiy ehfupfr; rKjhak; ,opthff; fUjpaNghJ me;j kuG fw;Gf;F Ke;ija fhjy; kughf khw;wg;gl;ljhFk;. fsT vd;gJ xUtDk; xUj;jp jk; ngw;NwhUf;Fj; njupahky; fhjypf;Fk; xOf;fk; MFk;. fsTf; fhy kuGfSs; xd;whd Fwpia gw;wp mwptNj ,f;fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

mfuhjpapd; nghUs; Fwpaplk; jiytDk; jiytpAk; $Ljw;Ff; Fwpj;j ,lk; “Fwpaplk;”; MFk.; (j.,.f.m:g-87) gfw;Fwp fsnthOf;fj;jpy; gfw;fhyj;Nj jiytDe; jiytpAk; re;jpf;ff; Fwpg;gpl;l ,lk; “gfw;Fwp” MFk;. (j.,.f.m:g-148) ,uTf;Fwp ,utpNy jiytDk; jiytpAk; NrUk;gbf; Fwpf;fg;gl;l ,lk; ,uTf;Fwp MFk; (j.,.f.m:g-44) Fwp

Fwp vd;gJ jiytDk; jiytpAk; re;jpj;Jj; nfhs;Sk; ,lkhFk;. re;jpf;Fk; ,lj;ij milahsk; nrhy;ypf; Fwpg;gpLtu;. mjdhy; ,J Fwpaplk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ. “fsk; Rl;Lk; fpstp fpotpaJ” MFk; vd;gjhy; re;jpf;Fk; ,lj;ijj; jiytpNa Rl;br; nrhy;ths;. Vndd;why; mts; vspikahfr; nry;tjw;F cupa ,lk; mJNt MFk;.rpy Neuq;fspy; NjhopAk; ,lk; Rl;Lths;. FwpahdJ gfw;Fwp ,uTf;Fwp vd ,uz;L tifg;gLk;. gfw;Fwp jiytpapd; tPl;bw;F ntspNa elf;Fk;. ,uTf;Fwp jiytpapd; tPl;bw;Fs;Ns elf;Fk;. gfw;Fwp, ,uTf;Fwp

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jiykf;fs; ,UtUk; ed;F mwpAkhW mikAk; ,lq;fNs gfw;FwpAk; ,uTf;FwpAk; MFk;. “Fwpnadg; gLt jputpDk; gfypDk; mwpaf; fple;j Mw;w njd;g” (njh.fstpay; :E}-128) Fwpaplk; vdg;gLtJ ,utpYk; gfypYk; epfof;$bajhFk;. gfw;Fwp, ,uTf;Fwpapd; ,yf;fzk; “,y;tiu ,fe;jJ gfw;Fwp ,uTf;Fwp ,y;tiu ,fth ,ay;gpw;W MFk;.” (m.tp:E}-38) Cupd; vy;iyf;F cl;gl;ljha; mike;j ,lNk jiytd; jiytpau; $Ljw;Fupa gfw;Fwpahf mike;Js;sJ. tPl;bd; vy;iyf;F cl;gl;ljha; tPl;by; cs;Nshu; NgRk; Ngr;irf; Nfl;Fk; mzpikj;jha; miktJ ,uTf;FwpahFk; vd;W ehw;ftpuhr ek;gp ,aw;wpa mfg;nghUs; tpsf;fk; %yk; mwpa KbfpwJ. gfw;Fwpf;F Vw;w ,lk;

“gfw;Gzu; fsNd-Gwndd nkhopg mtswp Tzu tUtop ahd” (njh.fstpay;:E}-130) gfypy; $Lkplk; tPl;bd;Gwj;Nj mts; topawpe;J tuf;$ba J}uj;jpYk;, mtSf;Fg; gof;fkhd Ngha; tuf;$ba J}uj;jpYk; mikAk; vd;gij njhy;fhg;gpak; vLj;Jf;$WfpwJ. ,uTf;Fwpf;F Vw;w ,lk; “,uTf; FwpNa ,y;yfj; Js;sk; kidNahu; fpstp Nfl;Fk;top aJNt kidafk; Gfhmf; fhiy ahd.” (njh.fstpay;:E}-129) ,uTf;Fwp kpfg;ngupa tskidapd; xU Gwj;Nj ahUk; mt;tplj;Nj Gfhj Neuj;jpy; my;yJ mr;rkaj;jpy;

kidapYs;shu; Ngr;Rf;Fuy; Nfl;ff;$ba J}uNk ,uTf;Fwpf;F Vw;w ,lkhFk;. Njhop tiuTflhaJ jiyth fsnthOf;fkhfpa ,d;gk; Efu;e;J epd; njhopyhfpa mwQ;nra;jiyAk; tpLj;J ,f;fstpid ePf;fpj; jiytpia kzf;fTkhl;lhJ ,f;fsnthOf;fkhfpa ,d;gj;jpy; Cwpj; jpisj;J kaq;fpf; fplf;fpwha; vd;gij fgpyupd; ghly; njspTgLj;JfpwJ.

“ntWj;j Vvu;, Nta; Giu gizj;Njhs;

epWg;g epy;yh neQ;nkhL epd;khl;L

,tSk;, ,izas; Mapd;, je;ij

mUq;fbf; fhtyu; Nrhu; gjd; xw;wp,

neL ntz; jpq;fSk; Cu; nfhz;ld;Nw.”

(mfk;.gh:2 gh.t:11-17) kpFe;j mofhd %q;fpy; Nghd;w gUj;j Njhs;fisAilats; cd; kPJ fhjy; nfhz;Ls;shs;. vdNt eP ,ts; je;ijapd; mupa fhj;jy; njhopYila fhtyu; Nrhu;e;jpUf;Fk; nghOij kiwthf czu;e;J ,utpNy ,tisf; re;jpj;J $Ltjw;Fk; cupatd;; my;y. Ntq;if kuq;fSk; xspAil G+q;nfhj;Jfshy; epuk;gg;ngw;wd. ntz;ikahd fjpu;fisAila jpq;fSk;;; tsUk; gUtj;ij mile;jJ.gfw;Fwp, ,uTf;Fwp ,uz;bw;Fk; cld;gLths; Nghd;W ,uz;ilAk; kWj;Jj; tpiutpy; jiytpia kze;J nry;YkhW Njhop jiytid Ntz;bdhs; vd;gij ek;khy; mwpa KbfpwJ. gfw;Fwp ,uTf;Fwp kWj;jy; jha; kpf;f md;Gilats;. jiyth eP ,uTtupd; ,ts; capu;thokhl;lhs;. je;ij jiytp ele;J nry;tijg; ghu;j;jhy;;; vq;Nf nry;fpwha; vd;W fbe;J $Wthu; vd;gij fgpyupd; ghly; ekf;F njspTgLj;JfpwJ.

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“ahNa, fz;zpDk; RLq; fhjyNs

ve;ijAk; epyd; cwg;nghwh md;;‘rPwb rptg;g

vtd;, ,y! FWkfs;! ,aq;Fjp?’ vd;Dk;

ahNk gpupT ,d;W ,iae;j Jtuh el;gpd; ,Ujiyg; Gs;spd; Xu; capuk;Nk -------------------eP tupd; nky;ypay; XLk; jhd; thoyNs” (mfk;:gh.12 gh.t-1-5 13-14) jha; jd; fz;iztpl ,tisg; Ngud;Gld; ghJfhg;gts;. je;ij, Vb! eP vd;d nra;tjw;F rpwpa mbfs; rptf;FkhW jpupfpd;wha; vd;W $Wthu;;. ehq;fs; ,uz;L jiyfisAila xU gwitapd; clk;gpy;;;;;;; cs;s Xu;; capu; Nghy; cs;Nshk;;;. eP ,uTf; Fwpf;fz; te;jhy; nky;ypa jd;ikAila ,j;jiytp capu;; thokhl;lhs;. MfNt jiyth eP tpiutpy; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;thahf vd;W Njhop KiwapLfpwhs;.

“mL Gyp toq;Fk; Mu; ,Us; eLehs;

jdpia tUjy; mjdpDk; mQ;RJk;

vd; MFts; nfhy;jhNd gy; ehs;

Gzu; Fwp nra;j Gyu;Fuy; vdy;

fpsp fb ghlYk; xope;jds; mspas;jhd;, epd; msp

,yJ ,yNs” (mfk;:gh.118 gh.t-9-14) jiyth eP KUfNtisg; Nghd;W moFilatd;. typa eha; gpd;Nd tu eP gfw;tupd; Cutu; nrhy;Yk;; myu;f;F mQ;RfpNwhk;. nfhy;Yk; Gyp jpupAk; ,utpd;; ,Uspy;tupd; mijtpl mQ;RfpNwhk;. jiytp jpidKw;wpajhy; fpspia Xl;Lk; ghliyg; ghLtjpy;iy. Vndd;why; mts; ,y; nrwpf;fg;gl;lhs;. ,ts; vd; Mths; ,uq;fj; jf;f ,ts;

epd; mUs; md;wp NtW Jizapy;yhjts; vd;W Njhop jiytpapd; kd tUj;jj;ij jiytdplk; ntspg;gLj;jp gfw;Fwp ,uTf;Fwp Mfpa ,uz;ilAk; kWj;Jj; tpiutpy; jiytpia kze;J nfhs;SkhW Njhop $Wfpwhs;. ,uTf;Fwp kWj;jy;

“ <d;wzp ,Uk;gpb joP, fspWjd; J}q;Feilf; Fotp Japy;Gwq; fhg;g xLq;Fmis Gyk;gg; Nghfp, fLq;fz; ths;tup tag;Gyp fdKio cuw fhdtu; kbj;j fq;Fy;

khd; mju;r; rpWnewp tUjy; ePNa”

(mfk;;;:gh-168 gh.t-11-14) Mz; ahid jdJ fd;wpidAk; ngz; ahidiaAk; jOtpf; nfhz;L jd; fd;W cwq;Fk; ,lj;ij fhty; nra;Ak;. mQ;rhikAila, thisg;Nghd;w NfhLfisf; nfhz;l typikkpf;f GypahdJ, jhd; cwq;;fpa xLq;fpa Fifia tpl;L ntspNawp, ngupa kiyf;Fifapy; Kof;fk; nra;Ak;. Ntl;LtUk; cwf;fk; nfhs;Sk; es;sputpy;, tpyq;Ffs; nry;Yk; topahfpa rpWtopapy; tUjiy ,dp eP tpl;Ltpl;L tpiutpy; jiytpia kze;J nfhs;SkhW Njhop jiytdplk; Ntz;Lfpwhs;. KbTiu

md;gpdhy; ,ize;j jiytd; jiytp Mfpa ,Utupd; Gzu;r;rp epfOk; ,lkhdJ gfw;Fwp, ,uTf;Fwp vd;Dk; ,U tifapid cilajhf mike;Js;sJ. gfw;Fwpapy;, jiytdpd; md;Gk; ,uTf;Fwpapy;; mike;j ghly;fs; jiytpiar; re;jpf;f tUk; jiytdpd; md;G, tPuk;, jilfs; gy fle;J tUk; mtdJ Mu;tj;ij ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. fz;fspy; fhz;fpd;w fhl;rpfs; kdj;jpiuapy; gjpag;gl;Lr; rpe;ijapy; tpupe;J

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rpwf;fpd;w msTf;F jiytpapd; kd jpwid ntspg;gLj;Jk; mstpw;F Fwpfspd; milahsj;ijAk; El;gj;jpidAk; ntspg;gLj;Jk; mstpw;F ,f;fl;Liu mike;Js;sJ mbf;Fwpg;Gfs; 1. jkpo; ,yf;fpaf; fiyr;nrhy;

mfuhjp- lhf;lu; g.Nfhghyd;- ,yl;Rkp gjpg;gfk;- Nfhit-8- Kjw; gjpg;G-mf;Nlhgu;1989

2. njhy;fhg;gpak; nghUsjpfhuk; (,uz;lhk; gFjp)- ,sk;g+uzu; ciu- jpUney;Ntyp

3. njd;dpe;jpa irt rpj;jhe;j E}w;gjpg;Gf; fofk;- nrd;id-8-Kjw; gjpg;G-[Pd;1953

4. ehw;ftpuhr ek;gp ,aw;wpa mfg;nghUs; tpsf;fk;- ,uh. Rkjp- epA+ nrQ;Rup Gf; -`T];- nrd;id-9 – Kjw; gjpg;G-brk;gu;2012

5. mfehD}W %yKk; ciuAk;- Kidtu; ,uh.nraghy;- epA+ nrQ;Rup Gf; `T];- nrd;id-98- Kfw; gjpg;G-Vg;uy;2004

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GwehD}w;wpy; ,aw;ifr; rhu;e;jtPuk;

kh.tp[anyl;Rkp Kidth;gl;lMa;thsh;

ghujpjhrd; cauha;Tikak;>ghujpjhrd; gy;fiyf;fofk;>jpUr;rpuhg;gs;sp

Kd;Diu

GwehD}Wmuru;fisAk; ,aw;ifiaAk; njspTglghlgLfpwJ. mjd; ghu;itapy; giftu;fs; ifg;gw;wg;gl;lgRitkPl;Lgilj;jiytd; jd; capiukha;j;jnfhLikAk; jd; ,isakfd; NghUf;Fnrd;Wkhu;gfj;jpy; mk;GVe;jp ,we;jnra;jpiajha; ghu;j;Jkfpo;e;jijfhzKbfpwJ. NghUf;Fnry;Yk; tPud; ngWikiarhw;Wk; tpjkhfnehr;rpg+f;fspd; moiffhzKbfpwJ. jho;j;jg;gl;lmurd; ,aw;ifahdmuz;kidapy; tpjj;ijAk; fhZk; nghWl;Lmikag;ngWfpwJ. ,ijxt;nthWGytu;fSk; kpfnkd;ikahdKiwapy; jd; fw;gidtbtpy; fhzKbfpwJ.

gRitkPl;ltd; eLfy;ypy; cjak; guYilkUq;fpy; gJf;ifNru;j;jp kuy; tFe;JnjhLj;jnrk;g+q; fz;zpnahL mzpkapy; kPyp #l;bg; ngau; nghwpj;J ,dpel; ldNufy;Yk; fd;nwhL fwitje;Jgiftu; Xl;ba neLe;jiffope;jikmwpahJ ,d;Dk; tUk;nfhy; ghzuJfLk;Ng. (Gwk;.264) gutpfplf;f$bafw;fspd; Nky; ehu;kuq;fs; fpopj;Jmjpy; rpte;jg+f;fisfl;bmofpakapy;Njhifr; #l;bamjpy; czJngaiueLf;fy;ypy; epWj;jpghu;f;Fk; NghJvd;dhy; nghWj;Jf; nfhs;sKbatpy;iy. NkYk;>giftiutpul;bmtu;fsplk; ,Ue;jfd;iwAk; gRitAk; kPl;Lje;jngUikf;FupatNd cd; ,we;jnra;jpiavg;gbnrhy;YtJvd;Wghzu; Gyk;gpagbghbAs;shu;. kfdpd; tPuk; jhapd; czu;T

euk;ngOe;Jcywpaepuk;ghnkd;Njhs; KsupkUq;fpd; KjpNahu; rpWtd; gilmope;Jkhwpdd; vd;Wgyu; $w kz;lku;f;Fcile;jdd; Mapd; cz;lvd; KiymWj; jpLntd; ahd; vdr; rpid ,f; nfhz;lthnshLgLgpzk; ngauhr; nrq;fsk; JoTNths; rpije;JNtwhfpa gLkfd; fplf;iffhZ}c <d;wQhd;wpYk; ngupJte; jdNs. (Gwk;.278) thbaKfj;ijAk; nkd;ikahdNjhs;fisAk; jhkiuNghd;w ,ilfisAk; nfhz;lKjpatu; xUj;jpNfl;fpwhs;. xUrpWtd; giliaf; fz;Lgae;JGw KJF fhl;bkhz;ltd; Nghy; Njhd;WfpwJ. mJcdJkfdhvd;Wghu; vd;w $w mijf; Nfl;ljha; vdJkfd; ,we;jhd; vd;gJcz;ik. Mdhy;

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tPuk; nghUe;jpavdJkhu;gpy; ghy; cz;ltd; mg;gbGwKJFfhl;b ,we;jhd; vd;why; vdJkhu;igmWj;njupNtd; vd;WNfhgkhf $wpNghu; ele;j ,lj;jpw;Fjd; ifapy; this Ve;jpf; nfhz;L ,we;Jfplf;Fk; tPuu;fspd; gpzq;fisxt;nthd;iwAk; ghu;j;Jte;jhs;. mg;nghOJkhu;gpy; Gz;gl;Lcly;fs; Jz;Lgl;Lf; fplg;gijf; fz;Ljd; kfd; ,wg;gijfz;LtPuk; nghWe;jpakfd; jhd; gpwe;jNghJve;jmstpw;Fkfpo;r;rpnfhz;lhNshme;jmstpw;FmtsJKfk; kfpo;r;rpngw;wijf; fhzKbfpwJ. nehr;rpapd; ngWik kzpJzu;e; jd;dkhf;Fuy; nehr;rp NghJtpupgd;kud; cs;Sk; rpwe;j fhjy; ed;kuk; ePkw; wprpNd fbAiltpad;efu;f; fhz;tug; nghype;j njhbAilkfspu; my;FYk; fplj;jp fhg;Gilg; GupirGf;FkhWmopj;jypd; Cu;g;Gwq; nfhlhmneLe;jif gPLnfOnrd;dpf; fpoikAk; epdNj (Gwk;.272) nehr;rpNaePg+f;Fk; tpjk; vg;gbNjhw;wk; mopf;fpwJvd;Wcdf;NfnjupahJ. ePkzpfs; Nghd;Wnfhj;Jf; nfhj;jhfg; g+j;JFOq;Ffpwha; vg;gbnad;why; kw;wkuq;fs; g+j;Jf; FOq;Ffpd;wNghJmd;GnrOj;Jfpwha;. fhtyu;fs; cilangupaefupy; mofhftisay; mzpAk; ,sk; ngz;fspd; ,Lg;gpYk; jioNghd;Wfhl;rpf; nfhs;tha; fhtyu;fs; kjpypy;fspd; giftu;fs; khWgl;lNtlj;jpy; tUk;NghJmtu;fisfhl;bf; nfhLf;Fk; jd;ikiar; nra;JtpLtha; ekJtPuu;fs; ngUikf;Fupajiyapy; mzpAk; cupikiacilatuhftpsq;Ftha; vd;Wnehr;rpg; g+f;fspd;

ngUikiaAk; giltPuu;fspd; jpwikiaAk; Nkhrprhj;jdhu; njspTglf; $wpAs;shu;. jiytd; rpwg;Gk; muz;kidapd; moFk; ahNdngWfmtd; jhs;epoy; tho;f;if mtNdngWfvd; ehtpirEtwy; ney; mupnjhOtu; $u;ths; kOq;fpy; gpd;Ndkwj;NjhLmu;paf; fy;nrj;J ms;sy; ahikf; $d;Gwj;JcupQ;Rk; ney; mky; Gutpd; ,yq;iffpoNthd; tpy;ypahjd; fpizNak; ngUk FWe;jhs; Vw;iwf; nfhOq;fz; ey;tpsu; eWnea; cUf;fpehl;NrhW<ah ty;yd; ve;ijgrpjPu;j; jy;vdf; nfhs;tuy; tho;f;ifepd; fpiztd; $wf; Nfl;ljw; nfhz;Lk; Ntl;ifjz;lhJ tpz;Njha; jiyaFd;wk; gpd;gl eirjute;jndd; ahNdtir,y; jhapy; J}ck; FotpNghyj; jpUTilj; jpUkidIJNjhd;Wfko;Gif tUkiokq;Fypd; kWFld; kiwf;Fk; FWk;gLFz;lfo; ePs;kjp Y}Nu (Gwk;.379) mtd; mbj;jl;Lkf;fspd; epiyapy; thof;$batd;. mijvd; thu;j;ijfshs; nrhy;yepidf;fpNwd;. mWtilnra;Ak; njhopyu; jk; mupths; mWj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; $u;ikkhwpdhs;. mijkPz;Lk; $u;iknra;JkPz;Lk; mWtilnra;thd;. mg;NghJmtd; vg;gb ,Ug;ghd; vd;why; MikahdJtise;jKJfpy; ele;Jnry;tJNghd;Wney;kzpfisRke;Jnry;thd;. mg;gbg;gl;l Cu;

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khtpyq;ifvd;Dk; Cu; me;jCupd; jiytd; tpy;ypahjd; me;jjiytd; jho;e;jFbapy; gpwe;jtd;. mtdJNjhw;wk; Fl;ilahdfhy;fiscilatd;. mtd; cz;Zk; czthdJgd;wpapd; nfhOg;ignea;ahfcUf;fpfhiyapy; czTld; cl;nfhz;Ljd; grpapidj; jPu;j;Jf; nfhs;thd;. fhiyg; nghOjpy; mtdpld; nrd;Wmtidg; gw;wpGfoe;Jghlnrhy;thd;. me;jghliyNfl;lgpd;Gcau;e;jepiyiamilthd;. mjd; gpd;Gvdf;Fg; gupRg;nghUl;fisFoe;ijNghyms;spf;nfhLg;ghd;. NkYk; me;jCupd; rpwg;igghu;f;Fk; NghJeWkzk; tpRfpd;wg+f;fSk; kionghopatUfpd;wKfpy; Nghd;wnjUitAk; mikag;ngw;Wmjd; eLtpy; murdJmikag;ngw;wpUg;gijf; fhzKbfpwJvd;gijAk; mjd; ngUikfiaAk; ed;dhfdhu;

ghbUg;gijfhzKbfpwJ. KbTiu Gytu;fs; giltPuu;fspd; ngUikfisAk; mjpy; Vw;gLk; tPuk; nghWe;jpaepiyAk; md; kidtpgLk; Jauj;ijf;fhzKbfpwJ. NghUf;Fr; nrd;wkfidg; ghu;j;JtaJKjpu;e;jfpotp $Wk; NghJmjw;Fjha; vdJkfd;GwKJfpl;L ,we;jhd; vdJkhu;gfj;ijmWj;njupNtd; vd;Wmq;fhukhff; $Wk; nra;jpfhzKbfpwJ. NghUf;Fnry;Yk; Kd; nehr;rpg; g+thdJg+j;JFOq;Fk; fhl;rpiaAk; ,sk; ngz;fs; me;jg+f;fiscly; KOf;;ff; fl;bf;nfhs;tijAk; mjd; rpwg;igAk; ghu;f;fpNwhk;. gilj;jiytdhff; fhl;rpnfhLf;Fk; murd; jhd; cz;Lkfpo;e;JGytu;fisghlr;nrhy;ypmtu;fSf;FgupRnghUl;fs; nfhLj;Jkfpo;e;J ,Uf;Fk; epiyfisAk; fhzKbfpwJ.

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jkpoha;Tr; rq;fkk; gFjpVI, gjpg;G 16

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neLey;thilapy; r%fr; rpe;jidfs;

n[. n[arhe;jp jkpo;j;Jiw,izg; NguhrphpaH

kfspH fpwp];jtf; fy;Y}hp>nrd;id

Kd;Diu

r%fk; vd;gJ $b thOk; mikg;G Kiw MFk;. vy;NyhUf;Fk; nghJthd ed;ikiaj; jUfpd;w xd;whFk;. ,J xU yl;rpaj;ij miltjw;fhfg; gyH ,ize;J xd;W $b $l;lkhf tho;fpd;w XH mikg;ghFk;. ,e;j mikg;gpy; ed;ikfSk; gy;NtW rpf;fy;fSk; cz;L. gz;ila r%fj;jpy; fhLfspYk; FiffspYk; tho;e;j kf;fs; tho;tpy; gbg;gbahf ehfhpf tsHr;rp Vw;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

r%fr; rpe;jidfs;

r%fk; vd;gJ $b thOk; mikg;G Kiw MFk;. vy;NyhUf;Fk; nghJthd ed;ikiaj; jUfpd;w xd;whFk;. ,J xU yl;rpaj;ij miltjw;fhfg; gyH ,ize;J xd;W $b $l;lkhf tho;fpd;w XH mikg;ghFk;. ,e;j mikg;gpy; ed;ikfSk; gy;NtW rpf;fy;fSk; cz;L. gz;ila r%fj;jpy; fhLfspYk; FiffspYk; tho;e;j kf;fs; tho;tpy; gbg;gbahf ehfhpf tsHr;rp Vw;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

$jpH fhyj;jpy; tljpirapypUe;J tPRk; thilf; fhw;W jiytidg; gphpe;J jdpikapy; tUe;Jk; jiytpf;F neLthil Mapw;W. gilNahL nrd;W ghriwapy; jq;fp> Nghfj;jpy; kdk; nrYj;jhky; jhd; Nkw;nfhz;l tpidia Kbf;f tha;g;ghf ,Ue;jjdhy; jiytDf;F ey;thil Mapw;W.

rq;ffhy kf;fs; ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;J ,d;Gw;W tho;e;jdH. ef;fPuH tho;e;j fhyj;jpy; mtuhy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l $jpH fhyk; ,f;fhyj;jpy; epfo;tjhff; Njhd;wtpy;iy.

Vnddpy; kpf caHe;j kuq;fs; mlHe;j fhLfs; mf;fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jd. mjdhy; kio mjpfkhfg; nga;jJ.

neLey;thilapy; fhzg;gLk; r%fr; rpe;jidfis ,f;fl;Liuapy; fhzyhk;. FspHfhyj;jpd; tpisTfs;

gUtk; ngha;ahJ kioiag; nghopAk; Nkfk;> epyTyfk; FspUk;gbahfj; jhd; fple;j kiyia tykhfr; Rw;wp vOe;J fhHfhyj;J kioiag; nghope;jJ. ,ilaHfspd; nray;fs;

kpFjpahd kioapd; fhuzkhf nts;sk; ngUfpaJ. ,jid ,ilaH ntWj;jdH. tise;j Nfhiy cila Ky;iy epy kf;fshfpa ,ilaH jhk; Nka;j;j vUikfisAk; MLfisAk; gRf;fisAk; Nkl;L epyj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L nrd;wdH. CHf;F mz;ikapy; Nka;j;J Chpy; jq;fpa ,ilaH> jhk; gofpa epyj;ij tpl;L jdpikapdhNy tUj;jkile;jdH. fhe;js; G+tpd; ePz;l ,jo;fshy; jiykhiy mzpe;jpUe;jdH. mj;jiyf; fz;zpapy; ePH

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tpOjyhy; fyf;fkile;jdH. jk; clypy; Vw;gl;l FspHr;rpahy; tUe;jpdH. FspHr;rpiag; Nghf;f gyUk; $bf; iffis neUg;gpNy fhl;br; #Lz;lhf;fpdH. ntk;ikahd mf;iffisf; fd;dj;jpNy itj;Jf; nfhz;ldH. MapDk; Fspuhy; fd;dq;fSk; gw;fSk; giw nfhl;l eLq;fpdH. ,jid>

nka;f;nfhs; ngUk;gdp eypag; gyUld; iff;nfhs; nfhs;spaH fTs;GilA+ eLq;f 7 – 8 vd;w mbfs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. caphpdq;fspd; nray;fs;

tpyq;Ffs; kpFjpahd Fspuhy; Nka;jy; njhopiy kwe;J xLq;fpd. Fuq;Ffs; FspH kpFjpahf ,Ue;jjhy; tUe;jpd. kuq;fspNy jq;Fk; gwitfs; fhw;W kpFjpahy; epyj;Nj tPo;e;jd. gRf;fs; Fsphpd; kpFjpahy; jk; fd;Wfs; jk;kplk; ghYz;ziyVw;Wf; nfhs;shJ> fhyhy; cijj;Jf; fd;iwjtpHj;jd. ,j;jifa $jpHf;fhyj;jpy; kiyfSk; FspHr;rp mile;jd.

grpa fhy;fisAk; nky;ypa rpwFfisAk; cila nfhf;FfSk; rpte;j thpapid cila ehiufSk; fhpa tz;lypl;l NrW fye;j <ukhd ntz;kziy cila vt;tplq;fspYk; ,Ue;jd. fay;kPd;fs; ePhpy; vjpNu tu mtw;iwf; ftHe;Jz;z fhj;jpUe;jd.

kidapy; thOk; rpte;j fhy;fis cila Mz; Gwhf;fs; jhd; ,d;gk; EfUk; ngilNahL kd;wpNy nrd;W ,iu Njb cz;ztpy;iy. ,uT gfy; njhpahky; kaq;fpr; nrayw;W nfhLq;ifiaj; jhq;Fk; gyiffspNy fhy; fLj;jjhy; fhiy khw;wp khw;wp ,Ue;jd.

kidAiu Gwtpd; nrq;fhw; Nrty;

,d;GW ngilnahL kd;W NjHe;J – cz;zhJ

,uTg;gfYk; kaq;fpf; ifaw;W 45 - 47 vd;w mbfs; $jpH fhyj;jpy; gwitfspd; Jd;gepiyia vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. KOtyp khf;fspd; nray;fs;

khlq;fs; caHe;J epw;fpd;w tsKila gioa Chpy; cs;s mfd;w njUf;fs;. mq;Fj; jio tputpd khiyiaf; fz;zpahf mzpe;Js;s gUj;j typikahd Njhs;fisAk; KWf;Nfwpa clk;gpidAk; cila fy;yhj kf;fs;> tz;Lfs; nkha;f;Fk; fs;is mjpfkhff; Fbj;J kfpo;r;rp mile;jdH. jk; Nky; tpOk; kioj;Jspfisg; nghUl;gLj;jhky;> Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; njhq;f tpl;l Milapid cilatuha;j; jhk; tpUk;gpa ,lnky;yhk; jphpe;J nfhz;bUe;jdH.

Kliy ahf;if KOtyp khf;fs;

tz;L%R Njwy; khe;jp kfpo;rpwe;J

Jtiyj; jz;Jsp NgzhH gftpwe;J

,UNfhl;L mWitaH Ntz;Ltapd; jphpju 32 – 35 kfspH topgLjy;

%q;fpiyg; Nghd;w Njhs;fisAk;> Kj;J Nghd;w gw;fisAk; cilatH. mofhd mUspid cila fz;zpid cilatH. mf;fz;fSf;Fj; jFe;j fhjzpfis cilatH. klg;gkhd jd;ikAk; nkd;ikahd rhaYk; cila kfspH> jk; iffspy; ntz;ikahd rq;F tisay;fis mzpe;jpUe;jdH. mtHfs;> G+e;jl;by; itj;jpUe;j gpr;rpg; G+f;fs; kyHe;J kzk; tPrj; njhlq;fpaNghJ khiyf;fhyk; te;jJ vd mwpe;jdH vd;gij>

kltuy; kfspH gplifg; nga;j

nrt;tp mUk;gpd; igq;fhy; gpj;jpfj;J

mt;tpjo; mtpo;gjk; fko nghOj wpe;J

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ky;yy; Mtzk; khiy mau 39 – 42 vd;w ghlybfshy; mwpayhk;.

ngz;fs; ,Uk;ghy; nra;j jfspapNy nea; Njha;e;j jphpiaf; nfhSj;jp tpsf;Nfw;wpdH. ney;iyAk; kyiuAk; J}tp> ,y;Yiw nja;tj;ij tzq;fpdH. ,q;qdk; tsg;gk; tha;e;j mq;fhbj; njUtpy; khiyf; fhyj;ij kfpo;e;J nfhz;lhbdH. ,jid>

,Uk;Gnra; tpsf;fpd; <He;jphpf; nfhsP,

ney;Yk; kyUk; J}ca;f; ifnjhOJ 42 – 43 vd;w mbfshy; mwpayhk;. gad;glhj nghUs;fs;

fhtiy cila mfd;w nghpa tPLfspy; Fw;Nwty; nra;Ak; ,isQH> fUq;fhzk; Nghd;w kzKila rhe;jiuf;Fk; mk;kpapNy fj;J}hp Kjypa gRq;$l;il miuj;jdH. ,f;$l;L Fspiug; Nghf;f ty;yJ.

tlehl;bYs;NshH je;j xsp nghUe;jpa ntz;ikahd re;jdf;fy;ypy; njd;jpir re;jdk; miuf;fg;glhky;> gad;glhky; fple;jJ.

kfspH FspHr;rp kpFjpahy; jk; $e;jypy; kyHkhiyfis ,l;L Kbahky;> kq;fykhfr; rpy kyHfis mzpe;jdH. mjw;fhf jz;zpa ewpa re;jdj;ij tpwfhf;fp> neUg;ig cz;lhf;fp> mjpNy fhpa mfpiyAk;> nts;spa fz;l rUf;fiuiaAk; NrHj;Jg; Gifj;Jf; $e;jYf;F Cl;bdH.

ifahy; Gidjy; ty;ytdhNy moF ngw nra;j rpte;j epwj;ijAila tprpwpfs;> ciwaplg;gl;Lr; rpye;jpapdJ E}yhy; #og;gl;ldtha; tise;j Kisf;NfhypNy njhq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ.

thdshtpa khspifapd; Nkyplj;J> ,sNtdpw; fhyj;Jj; JapYk; gLf;iff;Fj; njd;wy; fhw;iwj; jUk; gyfzpfs; milf;fg;gl;L ,uz;L fjTfSk;

jk;Ks; nghUe;jpj; jhopl;Lf; fple;jd. FspH fha;jy;

fy;nyd;Dk; XirapidAila kioj;Jspfis thilf;fhw;W vq;Fk; gug;Gtjhy; ,isNahUk; KjpNahUk; Ftpe;j thiaAila Flj;jpy; cs;s jz;zPiuf; Fbf;ftpy;iy. gpse;j thiaAila Fk;kl;bapy; ,l;l nre;neUg;gpd; mUNf ,Ue;J ntk;ikia EfHe;jdH. Mly; kfsphpd; ,ir

Mly; njhopiy cila kfspH jhk; ghLfpd;w ghl;L ahopirf;F ,iaAkhW euk;igf; $l;Ljw;F tpUk;gpdH. FspHr;rpahNy euk;Gfs; ,izatpy;iy. vdNt jk; gUj;j khHghy; euk;igj; jltp> ntk;ikA+l;b> fhpa KJFj; jz;bid cila rpwpa ahioj; jhk; tpUk;Gk; gz; epw;Fk; KiwapNy epWj;jpdH.

fztiug; gphpe;j kfspH gphpthw;whikahy; fyq;fp tUe;jp epw;f> fhykio nrwpe;J $jpHf;fhykhf epiyngw;wJ. jr;rH nray;

jpirfspNy tphpe;j fjpHfisj; jpfog; gug;gpd mfd;w ,lj;ijAilaJ QhapW kz;lyk;. fjputd; ,af;fj;ij mwpe;J ,uz;L Nfhy;fis eLk;NghJ mjd; epoy; rhahJ> Nkw;Fj; jpirapy; vOfpd;w cr;rpg; nghOjpy; rpw;gE}iy mwpe;j jr;rH fhy;Nfhs; rpwg;G nra;jdH. El;gkhf E}iy NeNu gpbj;Jj; jpirfisf; Fwpj;Jf; nfhz;ldH. mj;jpirfspy; epw;Fk; nja;tj;ij topgl;ldH.

murHfSf;F kidfis tFf;Fk; tpjpfspd;gb thapy;fs;> kz;lgq;fs; Kjypatw;iwAk;> ,t;tplq;fisnay;yhk; xUNru tisj;Jf; fl;ba caHe;j kjpy; tpsq;fpaJ. ,jid>

E}ywp GytH Ez;zpjpd; fapW,l;L

Njvk; nfhz;L nja;tk; Nehf;fp

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ngUk;ngaH kd;dHf;F xg;g kidtFj;J

xUq;Fld; tis, Cq;Fepiy tiug;gpd; 76 - 79 vd;w mbfs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. jr;rd; nra;j thapy; fjTfs; Mzpfs; gl;lq;fshfpa gUj;j Mzpfshy; NrHj;J rhjpypq;fk; topj;J> Ntiyg;ghLfshy; khl;rpikg;gl;l ,ul;ilf;fjitg; nghUj;jpapUe;jdH. NkNy cj;juf; fl;il mikj;jpUe;jdH. Ftis Nghd;w kyH tbtq;fs; mjpy; ,Ue;jd. fjTfSf;Fg; Gjpa gpbfs; nghUj;jpapUe;jdH. jho;g;ghNshL nghUe;jpapUe;jd. nghj;Jtha; ed;F NrUkhW NrHj;jpUe;jdH. ,tw;iwf; ifj;njhopy; ty;y fk;kpad; KLf;fpf; flhtp> ,ilntspapd;wpr; nra;jpUe;jhd;. fjtpy; ntz;rpW fLFk;> nea;Ak; G+rp ,Ue;jdH. murpapd; me;jg;Gu khspif

atdHfshy; nra;ag; ngw;w njhopy; rpwg;Gila ghit tpsf;fpy; if Ve;jpa tpag;Gila jfspapy; nea; epiwa Cw;wp gUj;j jphpfis ,l;Lf; nfhSj;jp> epwk; nghUe;jpa tpsf;F Nky; Nehf;fp vhpe;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. nea; tw;wpa fhye;NjhWk; nea; Cw;wp xsp kq;fpa fhyj;jpy; jphpiaj; J}z;b> gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; gutpa ,Us; ePq;f xsp ,Ue;jJ. ngUik nghUe;jpa jiyikapid cila ghz;bad; my;yJ MltH gpwH mZfhj mhpa fhtiy cilajhf me;jg;Guk; tpsq;fpaJ. XtpaH nray;

kiy Nghd;w Njhw;wKila muz;kidapy; kiyiar; rhHe;J fple;j ,e;jputpy; Nghd;w gytif tz;zKila nfhbfs; gy ,lq;fspy; gwe;jd. nts;sp Nghd;W tpsq;Fk; rhe;jpdhy; G+rg;gl;bUe;jd. mq;Fs;s jpz;ikahd J}z;fs; nrk;ghy; nra;jd Nghd;wpUe;j ePz;l RtHfs; mr;RtHfspy; tbtofpid cila gytifg; G+f;fisAk; nfhbfisAk; Xtpakhf

tiue;jpUe;jdH. fUg;gf; fpufk; Nghd;W fhz;gjw;F ,dpjhf ,Ue;jJ me;j ey;y ,y;yk;. jiytidg; gphpe;j jiytpapd; epiy

Kd;G Kj;jhuj;jpidj; jhq;fpa khHgpy; ,g;NghJ Fj;Jfpd;w ePz;l kq;fy ehz; kl;Lk; njhq;fpaJ. jd; Jiziag; gphpe;jjhy; new;wpapy; cyHe;j nkd;;ikahd $e;jy; fple;jJ. kpf;f xspAld; $ba fhjzp mzpe;j fhJfs;> mzpfs; mOj;jpa jOk;Gld; rpwpJ jho;e;J fhzg;;gl;ld. nghd;tisay; mzpe;j nkd;ikahd iffs; rq;F tisAk; fhg;G E}Yk; mzpe;jpUe;jd. this kPdpd; gpse;j tha; Nghd;w tbtKila rpte;j epwj;ijAila Nkhjpukpd;wp tpuyfs; ,Ue;jd.

Muk; jhq;fpa myHKiy Mfj;J gpd;dik neLtPo; jhoj; JizJwe;J ed;Djy; cywpa rpy;nky; Xjp neLePH thHFio fise;njdf; FWq;fz; thAiu tOj;jpa twpJtPo; fhjpd;

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Gidah Xtpak; fLg;g 136 – 140 jiytpapd; Jd;g epiy xg;gid nra;ag; ngwhj jiytpapd; ey;ybia> khe;jhpd; khe;jspH Nghd;w moFila epwj;ijAk; mofpa %q;fpy; Nghd;w jpuz;l Njhs;fisAk; tisTila ,iliaAk; cila nkd;ikj; jd;ikAila NjhopaH cwf;fk; tUtjw;fhfj; jltpf; nfhLj;jdH. nrtpypj;jhaH jiytpapd; Mw;whik kpFjpia czHe;J xd;whfr; NrHe;J rpy gy nrhw;fisg; gyKiw nrhy;yp ,d;W te;J tpLthH vd mts; kdk; nfhs;Sk; tz;zk; nkhope;jdH. ,jid>

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nrk;Kfr; nrtpypaH ifk;kpff; FoP,

FwpaTk; nebaTk; ciugy gapw;wp

,d;Nd tUFtH ,d;Jiz NahHvd cfe;jit $wTk;153 – 156 vd;w ghlybfs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. tpOg;Gz; tPuH NghHj;njhopy; gapd;w ahidapd; ePz;l jpuz;l nghpa Jjpf;ifia ntl;b epyj;jpy; GuSk;gb fspw;iwf; nfhd;W ngUQ;nraiyr; nra;j tPuH giftH thshy; tpOg;Gz; gl;lijf; fhz murd; ghriwapypUe;J ntspNa te;jhd;. gilj;jiytd; tpOg;Gz; gl;Nlhiug; ngUk;Gz;> rpWGz; vd;w Kiwapy; fhl;bdhd;. kzpfisg; nghpa mbfis cila ahidfSk;> FjpiufSk; fhpa Nrw;iwj; njUtpy; rpjwpd. ghriwapy; murd; nray;

,lg;gf;fj;J eOtpa mofpa Nkyhilia ,lg;gf;fj;J mizj;Jf; nfhz;L thisj; Njhspy; Nfhj;j kwj; jd;ikAila ntz;nfhw;wf; Filapy; E}yhy; fl;lg; ngw;w Kj;Jkhiy thilf; fhw;wpy; jtntd;Dk; XirAld; mire;jJ. kioj;Jspia kiwj;jJ. nrwpe;j ,USila eLr;rhkj;Jk;

cwq;fhd;. rpy tPuUld; Gz;gl;Nlhiuf; fz;L MWjy; $wp Mw;Wtjw;Fj; jphpthd;.

es;nsd; ahkj;Jk; gs;sp nfhs;shd;

rpynuhL jphpjUk; Nte;jd; gynuhL Kuzpa ghriwj;

njhopNy 186 – 188 ,J jhd; xUtdhf epd;W gynuhLk; khWgl;Lg; nghUfpd;w ghriwapy; ,Ue;J nra;Ak; NghHj;njhopy; MFk;. KbTiu rq;f fhy kf;fs; ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;j tho;f;if tho;e;jdH. kuq;fs; mlHe;j fhLfs; ,Ue;jjhy; kio nga;J nropg;G epytpaJ. $jpHf;fhyk; czHe;J mDgtpf;fj; jf;fjhf ,Ue;jJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; ehk; thOk; jkpofj;jpy; twl;rp mjpfkhf epyTfpwJ. ehk; tpz;izAk; kz;izAk; khRgLj;jp kioia ,oe;J jtpf;fpd;Nwhk;. neLey;thil ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;J tho;e;j jkpo;r; rKjhaj;ijg; glk; gpbj;Jf; fhl;LfpwJ. ,aw;if tho;it ,oe;J tpl;l ehk; ,yf;fpaq;fisg; gbj;J ,aw;if tho;T tho top tFf;f Ntz;Lk;.

jkpohatr rqfkk;;kyiy g+ff ntzba fhykhd vd jiytd ,uffk nghj g+ffhky ,gnghoj vdff vttpjkhd gadk...

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