jisc-cni july 2004 elearning and libraries – a “learning” view prof mark stiles – head of...
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JISC-CNI July 2004
eLearning and libraries eLearning and libraries – a “learning” view– a “learning” view
Prof Mark Stiles – Head of Learning Development & InnovationProf Mark Stiles – Head of Learning Development & InnovationStaffordshire UniversityStaffordshire University
JISC-CNI July 2004
What will we get from eLearning?What will we get from eLearning?
Change? Innovative pedagogy? New ways of widening participation? New modes of course structure and delivery? Learning centred on the Learner?
We could, but worryingly, an equally likely outcome is:
JISC-CNI July 2004
Attack of the Clones?Attack of the Clones?
JISC-CNI July 2004
National ContextNational Context
JISC MLE “Landscape Study” of UK HE and FE
Vast majority using a VLE and that 73% involved in MLE development
Drivers for development:
– Enhancing the quality of teaching and learning– Improving access to learning for students off campus– Widening participation/inclusiveness– Student expectations– Improving access for part-time students– Using technology to deliver “eLearning”
Perceived disadvantages:
– Cost and time involved– Resistance to culture change– Need for large scale staff development
JISC-CNI July 2004
National Context National Context JISC MLE “Landscape Study” of UK HE and FE
positive reaction from students little evidence of enhancement of learning and teaching pedagogic issues have not in general been addressed:
“It could be said that HE has never addressed pedagogy; its priority has always been, and broadly continues to be, research and the subject discipline. Until now, pedagogy has traditionally barely figured in planning or professional development. In FE, where learning and teaching have been the prime concerns, staffing and resource deficiencies have prevented, and continue to impede, a sustained focus on pedagogy.”
MLEs not embedded in the institutions strategic and operational frameworks.
MLE activities rarely an integral part of the philosophy, policies and practice of the institution
JISC-CNI July 2004
Quote ONE:Quote ONE:
“It is as absurd to try and solve the problems of education by giving people access to information as it would be to solve the housing problem by giving people access to bricks."
(Laurillard, 1996)
JISC-CNI July 2004
Quote TWO:Quote TWO:
“Pedagogical issues need to be incorporated, to ensure the academic validity of teaching and using information online. These issues have a history of being ignored by librarians in particular, but for academics to accept the close library input necessary, this must change.” - Inspiral Report , 2001
JISC-CNI July 2004
The Content TrapThe Content Trap
eLearning QA focuses on Content
Do Libraries reinforce a “fork lift truck” view?
Is our work on incorporating the “library” into the MLE going the same way?
Staff development focuses on “getting your stuff in”
JISC-CNI July 2004
VLE and “Library” Link (1)VLE and “Library” Link (1)
Staff want to:– Locate resources for learners– Build references and/or externally held
resources into course content– At “reading list” and “activity” level– Retain their intellectual property
JISC-CNI July 2004
VLE and “Library” Link (2)VLE and “Library” Link (2)
Learners want to:– Locate resources for themselves– Access references and/or externally
held resources in course content– At “reading list” and “activity” level– Build their own resource collections– At “course” and “activity” level
JISC-CNI July 2004
VLE and “Library” Link (3)VLE and “Library” Link (3)
Resources can be found:– In the VLE(s)– In learning content repositories– In eLibraries– In Library Catalogues– In national and other collections– In eAggregators– On the Web
We need to REUSE and REPURPOSE these
JISC-CNI July 2004
The JISC DiVLE ProgrammeThe JISC DiVLE Programme
Linking Digital Libraries and Virtual Learning Environments programme
Projects in HE to explore the technical, cultural and organisational issues of joining digital library resources within institutions to VLEs
Tools developed, (also in Exchange for Learning)
JISC-CNI July 2004
The JISC DiVLE ProgrammeThe JISC DiVLE Programme
Exam Papers
LMS
Digital Repository
Resource
Heron e-Reserve
Digital Library Resources(Content Rich)
Virtual Learning Environment(Content Free)
Course and Activities
List
Search
(Thanks to Paul Bailey)
Basic Model
JISC-CNI July 2004
8b - pass details for linking to LMS
OpenURL Resolver e.g. SFX
Searching across Local Institutional Databases
Learning ManagementSystem e.g. Blackboard
1
OpenURL SourceParser
MetadataLookup
Table e.g.SFX
GenericRequestObject
TargetDisplayers
Online resource portal e.g.Amazon
Web search engine e.g.Google
Library catalogue e.g. Aleph
Journal portals e.g.ScienceDirect
S.O.A.P. Web ServiceSoftware e.g. Axis
Digital ObjectRepository e.g.
OCLC
Digital ObjectRepository e.g.
HLSI
Digital ObjectRepository e.g.
Intralibrary
Digital ObjectRepository e.g.
LearningObject Network
Local databasee.g. SFX
KnowledgeBase
LibraryCatalogue e.g.
Aleph
Local databasee.g. OAI
repository
3a
Digital Object Repositorye.g. HLSI
SOAP/ XQuery
TBCURL/ SRU
SOAP/ SRW
Federated or Distributed Searching over the Internet
5Display possible Links
TargetParser
2
4
6 7
8a - link to resource
JournalPortal e.g.ScienceDirect
3b
Resource Referencee.g.
1. Brown, E. (1996).The lake of seduction:Silence, hysteria, andthe space of feministtheatre. JTD: Journal ofTheatre and Drama, 2,175-200. 1
Script
The “Olive Model”
•Thanks to Howard Noble
JISC-CNI July 2004
Standards…Standards…
Two communities of standardseLearning: IMS, IEEE LOM, SCORM…Libraries: DC, z39.50, SRW, UDDI…
And stuff in the middle: XML, WSDL…
IMS now “overlaps” with Reading List, Digital Repositories and VDEX
JISC-CNI July 2004
My view of DiVLE My view of DiVLE
Technical outcomes a valuable contribution to developments Work on standards significant Conclusions of the technical work need pulling together -
technical review near completion Projects generally “library” focussed Relevance to FE needs consideration Little on the pedagogic appropriateness of the work done Issues between metadata for learning resources and that for
information resources Much of the work on reading lists orientated towards traditional
HE pedagogy - resources provided at “course” or “module” level The outputs on cultural and organisational issues both
interesting and relevant
JISC-CNI July 2004
Staffordshire ICEStaffordshire ICE
Linking a VLE to eAggregatorsInternal project with JISC sub
componentFocus on educational
contextualisation of resourcesThe external resource as “just
another asset”
JISC-CNI July 2004
ICE ApproachICE Approach
Use VLE search tool to search VLE content & external sources
Display search results in VLE
Turn chosen items into Reusable Reference Objects (RROs)
Web links can also be made into RROs
RRO metadata is primary & provides educational context – information object metadata is retained as secondary metadata
RRO metadata an AP of UK LOM Core
RROs can be reused along with other (but local) content
Content can be packaged (IMS CP) & exported
Hub & plug model should allow others’ outputs (eg JAFER and DiVLE work on Open URL) to be used in future
JISC-CNI July 2004
ICE ApproachICE Approach
JISC-CNI July 2004
Development for productDevelopment for product Planning & Management of Development Preparation for Approval/Validation Staff Development Pedagogy & Course Design Building the VLE Course Structure Identifying and Clearing Resources Content Creation Populating the VLE Course Planning Induction & Delivery Supporting Delivery Supporting Monitoring and Evaluation
In partnership with the academic group
JISC-CNI July 2004
Implications for learners (JISC view)Implications for learners (JISC view)
Heightened requirements for information skills
Need to manage both their learning AND resources
Need TOOLS to help this
JISC-CNI July 2004
Implications for librariesImplications for libraries
Increasing responsibilities for digital assets Exposing services in novel ways Be responsive to needs - “outwards facing” New roles e.g. electronic copyright clearance Issue of “content plagiarism” Converge towards sector standards in handling
meta-data WWW vs national vs regional vs local resources
JISC-CNI July 2004
Implications for academicsImplications for academics
Staff development– identifying a structured and balanced range of
resources for a course– Making resources available in a way that
supports innovative pedagogies– using VLEs in cohort with digital repositories– relationship with support services
Ownership' of resources (IPR)
Willingness to SHARE
JISC-CNI July 2004
Implications for support staff/librariansImplications for support staff/librarians
Collaboration between librarians, IT staff, learning development and support staff and academics
Asset management – Copyright/plagiarism– Archiving of electronically provided courses– promotion of the electronic repositories
JISC-CNI July 2004
Where now?Where now?
JISC Frameworks initiatives using web service technology
JISC programmes involving “e-pedagogy”
New “middleware projects” at Oxford and Edinburgh working together on Search and Discover toolkits – these will be Open Source
JISC-CNI July 2004
ThanksThanks
My stuff including ICE http://www.staffs.ac.uk/COSE/cosenew/reportsandpapers.html
WS-I (WSDL etc) http://www.ws-i.org IMS http://imsglobal.org DiVLE www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=programme_divle E-Learning Frameworks and Tools
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=elf_projects