jerry franklin - early seral forest: a diminishing resource?
DESCRIPTION
Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What is a “good” forest What is a “good” forest opening?opening?
•Is the future a concern?Is the future a concern?
![Page 2: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Early Successional Early Successional CommunitiesCommunities
•What is high quality early What is high quality early seral forest habitat?seral forest habitat?
•How has it been created in How has it been created in the past?the past?
•Where will it be provided in Where will it be provided in the future?the future?
•What silvicultural tools can What silvicultural tools can provide for this habitat?provide for this habitat?
![Page 3: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Well, let’s take a look at Well, let’s take a look at nature’s varieties of early nature’s varieties of early successional communities successional communities
on forested siteson forested sites
* Most notably, they are not* Most notably, they are not
dominated by trees!dominated by trees!
![Page 6: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Attributes of Early Attributes of Early Successional Successional
Communities on Communities on Forest SitesForest Sites
Jerry F. Franklin and Mark SwansonJerry F. Franklin and Mark Swanson
University of WashingtonUniversity of Washington
![Page 7: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Definition:Definition:
Early successional Early successional communities are the communities are the communities that occupy communities that occupy potentially forested sites potentially forested sites between the time of a stand-between the time of a stand-replacement disturbance and replacement disturbance and re-establishment of a closed re-establishment of a closed forest canopyforest canopy
![Page 8: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Early Successional Early Successional CommunitiesCommunities•Altered (non-forest-Altered (non-forest-
dominated) microclimatedominated) microclimate•Structurally rich (with most Structurally rich (with most
natural disturbances)natural disturbances)•Biodiversity richBiodiversity rich•Process rich (alterations in Process rich (alterations in
ecosystem functions)ecosystem functions)
![Page 12: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Altered microclimate:Altered microclimate:
•Not dominated by trees!Not dominated by trees!•Sunny, greater microclimate Sunny, greater microclimate
extremesextremes•HeterogeneityHeterogeneity• Terrestrial (non-tree) and Terrestrial (non-tree) and
aquatic ecosystems “bloom”aquatic ecosystems “bloom”
![Page 13: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Structurally rich:Structurally rich:
•Wood legacies (snags & logs)Wood legacies (snags & logs)– HabitatHabitat– Long-term energy/nutrient Long-term energy/nutrient
sourcesource– Physical interactionsPhysical interactions– PERSISTS & ONLY SOURCE of PERSISTS & ONLY SOURCE of
CWD for MANY DECADESCWD for MANY DECADES•Diversity and balance Diversity and balance
(evenness) in plant life forms(evenness) in plant life forms
![Page 16: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Biologically rich:Biologically rich:
•Most biodiverse of forest stagesMost biodiverse of forest stages•Diversity composed ofDiversity composed of– Legacy speciesLegacy species– Opportunists (weeds?)Opportunists (weeds?)– Habitat specialistsHabitat specialists– Predators (land & water)Predators (land & water)
•Adapted, native tree genotypesAdapted, native tree genotypes
![Page 26: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Black-backed woodpecker.
Photo: Dr. R. Hutto
![Page 30: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Three-toed woodpecker.
Photo: Dr. R. Hutto
![Page 31: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Mountain Bluebird. Photo: Dr. R. Hutto
![Page 32: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Olive-sided Flycatcher. Photo: Dr. R. Hutto
![Page 33: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Western meadowlark.
Photo: Dr. R. Hutto
![Page 34: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
White-crowned sparrow. Photo: Dr. R. Hutto
![Page 35: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Garter Snake. Photo: Dr. C. Crisafulli.
![Page 36: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Process Alterations Process Alterations (Terrestrial):(Terrestrial):
•Significant nitrogen fixationSignificant nitrogen fixation•Accelerated nutrient cyclingAccelerated nutrient cycling•Diversity in primary Diversity in primary
productivityproductivity– More complex food websMore complex food webs– Increased herbivoryIncreased herbivory
• Effects on hydrologic cycleEffects on hydrologic cycle– Often, increased flowsOften, increased flows
![Page 37: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Process Alterations Process Alterations (Aquatic):(Aquatic):
•Significant primary Significant primary productivityproductivity
•More diverse allochthonous More diverse allochthonous inputsinputs
•Richer food websRicher food webs•Greater fish productionGreater fish production
![Page 40: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Other Attributes of ESFCs:Other Attributes of ESFCs:
•Duration – highly variable Duration – highly variable depending upon disturbance depending upon disturbance size, type, and chancesize, type, and chance– Example short: small windthrowExample short: small windthrow– Example long: large or repeated Example long: large or repeated
wildfire or fire on severe sitewildfire or fire on severe site•Heterogeneity – initial & Heterogeneity – initial &
developmentaldevelopmental
![Page 42: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Ecological Importance of Ecological Importance of ESFCsESFCs
•Opportunity for organisms and Opportunity for organisms and processes absent/poorly processes absent/poorly represented under closed forestrepresented under closed forest
•Opportunity for nutrient Opportunity for nutrient rechargerecharge
•Regional and local hotspots of Regional and local hotspots of biological diversity (source biological diversity (source areas)areas)
![Page 45: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
So, what is high quality So, what is high quality early successional early successional
habitat? habitat? Early successional communities Early successional communities
with a large array of structural with a large array of structural and organismal legacies and and organismal legacies and
Exhibiting heterogeneity in Exhibiting heterogeneity in space and time andspace and time and
Diverse in life forms, food webs, Diverse in life forms, food webs, and ecosystem processesand ecosystem processes
![Page 50: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Does the job! Does the job!
Provides for the richness ofProvides for the richness of
BiodiversityBiodiversity
Functional diversityFunctional diversity
That we want to sustain in our That we want to sustain in our forest landscapesforest landscapes
![Page 51: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
How has it been created How has it been created in the past?in the past?
![Page 54: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
How (where) will it be How (where) will it be provided for in the provided for in the
future?future?
![Page 58: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
What management tools What management tools can provide for this can provide for this
habitat?habitat?
![Page 63: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Best management tool Best management tool for early successional for early successional
habitat:habitat:CONSERVE IT WHEN AND CONSERVE IT WHEN AND WHERE NATURE CREATES WHERE NATURE CREATES
ITIT
![Page 64: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Naturally-regenerated Naturally-regenerated ESFCs are likely to be more ESFCs are likely to be more
resilient under climate resilient under climate change due to change due to
- greater species diversity - greater species diversity - tree genotypes selected - tree genotypes selected
by nature (i.e., by nature (i.e., environmental stresses)environmental stresses)
![Page 67: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Pacific Tree Frog. Photo: Dr. C. Crisafulli.
![Page 75: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
What is a “good” forest What is a “good” forest opening?opening?
•Is the future a concern?Is the future a concern?
![Page 76: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Where management goals Where management goals are primarily oriented are primarily oriented toward characteristic toward characteristic biodiversity and ecological biodiversity and ecological processes,“hurrying” processes,“hurrying” ecosystem development ecosystem development through the pre-canopy through the pre-canopy closure stage is not closure stage is not appropriateappropriate
![Page 78: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Salvage:Salvage:
• WILL eliminate key structural WILL eliminate key structural legacieslegacies– Key habitat and substrate, so many Key habitat and substrate, so many
secondary effects on biotasecondary effects on biota– This is a LONG TERM impact, since This is a LONG TERM impact, since
no new CWD for many decades no new CWD for many decades • WILL destroy/damage recovering WILL destroy/damage recovering
vegetationvegetation• MAY cause damage to aquatic MAY cause damage to aquatic
ecosystems and and soilsecosystems and and soils
![Page 79: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Salvage logging never contributes directly to ecological recovery
Salvage logging is always a tax on ecological recovery; the tax may be large or small
![Page 80: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Reforestation will Reforestation will usually:usually:•Reduce the duration of ESFCsReduce the duration of ESFCs•Reduce heterogeneity of the Reduce heterogeneity of the
process by which closed forest process by which closed forest canopy is re-establishedcanopy is re-established
•Alter genotype of planted species Alter genotype of planted species (less selection by environment)(less selection by environment)
•Homogenize composition of forestHomogenize composition of forest
![Page 81: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Potential negative Potential negative managementmanagement• Early SFCs need full compliment of Early SFCs need full compliment of
biological legacies to fully functionbiological legacies to fully function• Salvage will reduce functionality Salvage will reduce functionality • Reforestation will truncate & Reforestation will truncate &
modify ESFCsmodify ESFCs• Naturally-regenerated ESFCs are Naturally-regenerated ESFCs are
more likely to be resilient to more likely to be resilient to climate change (more diverse, climate change (more diverse, good genotypes)good genotypes)
![Page 82: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Blue Grouse. Photo: Dr. C. Crisafulli.
![Page 84: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Principle 3: Conservation Principle 3: Conservation of biological legacies is of biological legacies is
critical for postfire critical for postfire reestablishment of reestablishment of
characteristic levels of characteristic levels of ecosystem processes & ecosystem processes &
biodiversitybiodiversity
![Page 86: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
![Page 87: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Principle 5: Whatever Principle 5: Whatever activities are undertaken – activities are undertaken –
seek to avoid causing seek to avoid causing additional harm and to additional harm and to
enhance natural recovery enhance natural recovery processes!processes!
![Page 88: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
BIOLOGICALBIOLOGICALLEGACIESLEGACIES
•Organisms and Organisms and reproductive structuresreproductive structures
•Structures and organic Structures and organic mattermatter
•Organically-derived spatial Organically-derived spatial patternspatterns
![Page 89: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Salvage of dead woodSalvage of dead wood
•Done to capture socio-Done to capture socio-economic valueeconomic value
•Has negative impacts on Has negative impacts on recoveryrecovery
•Removal of legacies is most Removal of legacies is most profound long-term impactprofound long-term impact
![Page 91: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Timber salvage rarely, if Timber salvage rarely, if ever, contributes directly ever, contributes directly
to ecological recovery, to ecological recovery, including native including native
biodiversitybiodiversity
![Page 93: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Salvage is always a tax Salvage is always a tax on ecological recovery!on ecological recovery!The tax may be large or The tax may be large or small depending upon small depending upon the salvage operation.the salvage operation.
![Page 94: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Importance of Coarse Importance of Coarse WoodWood
• Habitat for Habitat for speciesspecies
• Organic seedbeds Organic seedbeds (nurse logs)(nurse logs)
• Modification of Modification of microclimatemicroclimate
• Protection of Protection of plants from plants from ungulatesungulates
• Sediment trapsSediment traps
• Sources of energy Sources of energy & nutrients& nutrients
• Sites of N-fixationSites of N-fixation• Special source of Special source of
soil organic mattersoil organic matter• Structural Structural
elements of elements of aquatic aquatic ecosystemsecosystems
![Page 95: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
The early post-The early post-disturbancedisturbance
period of forest period of forest ecosystem developmentecosystem development- pre-tree-canopy closure - pre-tree-canopy closure
––is profoundly important!is profoundly important!
![Page 96: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Deer Mouse. Photo: Dr. C. Crisafulli.
![Page 97: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Montane Shrew. Photo: Dr. C. Crisafulli.
![Page 98: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Northern Pocket Gopher. Photo: Dr. C. Crisafulli.
![Page 99: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
![Page 100: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Where management goals Where management goals are directed to sustaining are directed to sustaining ecosystem services and ecosystem services and
biodiversity, most biodiversity, most postdisturbance postdisturbance
“restoration” activities are “restoration” activities are inappropriateinappropriate
![Page 101: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
MAJOR EXCEPTION:MAJOR EXCEPTION:Human intercession may Human intercession may contribute ecologically contribute ecologically
where the disturbances are where the disturbances are unique (uncharacteristic) in unique (uncharacteristic) in
either intensity or either intensity or frequency or invasive frequency or invasive species are involvedspecies are involved
![Page 102: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
![Page 103: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
![Page 104: Jerry Franklin - Early seral forest: a diminishing resource?](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060115/557c7959d8b42aa80a8b53e1/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)