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• Proteins which combine with antigens

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• What are antibodies?

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• Number of chains in an antibody

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• What is four?

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• Process by which antibodies coat a bacterium, enhancing macrophage attachment

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• What is opsonization?

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• T-cells attachment to a macrophage is enhanced by this surface protein

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• What is CD4 (or a T-cell receptor)?

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• Infected cell attachment to a cytotoxic T-cell is enhanced by this surface protein

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• What is CD8 (or a T-cell receptor)?

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• Damage to tissue by a physical injury or by the entry of microorganisms triggers this reaction

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• What is an inflammatory response?

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• B-cells differentiate into these cells which secrete antibodies

Daily DoubleQuestion

• What are plasma cells?

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• This molecule collects peptide remnants and brings them to the cell surface

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• What are MHC molecules?

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• Cells which non-specifically attack virus-infected cells

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• What are Natural Killer cells?

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• Long-lived cells which bear receptors for specific antigens

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• What are memory T-cells?

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• It is difficult to discover a vaccine for the AIDS virus because it _________ rapidly

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• What is mutates?

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• Solution which results in passive immunity acquired by artificial means

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• What is a serum?

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• Solution which results in active immunity acquired by artificial means

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• What is a vaccine?

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• By making different combinations of these genetic coding areas, over 1,000,000 antibodies can be produced

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• What are exons?

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• Branch of the Immune System which produces Cytotoxic T-cells

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• What is cell-mediated?

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• Protein released by Cytotoxic T-cells to help burst infected cells

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• What is perforin?

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• Cytokine secreted by macrophages to activate T-cells

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• What is interleukin-1?

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• Cells which release histamines

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• What are mast cells?

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• Secreted by virus-infected cells to help to protect other cells

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• What is interferon?

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• Proteins which carry out a cascade of steps leading to the lysis of microbes

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• What are complement proteins?

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• Caused by sexually transmitted virus which attacks the immune system

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• What is AIDS?

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• Viral infection found chiefly in Africa, results in quick death

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• What is ebola?

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• Causes lockjaw

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• What is tetanus?

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• Disease caused by anaerobic bacterium which thrives because of improper canning methods

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• What is botulism?

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• HIV chiefly destroys these cells

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• What are T-cells?