[jennifer vu huong]product and process engineering- new design for a camera
DESCRIPTION
It is a case study about a new design of camera based on P90 model including QFD, functional analyses and constraints, morphological matrix, manufacturing process selection!TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
LOGO
JENNIFER VU HUONGEMAIL: [email protected] IN BUSINESS INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
Product and Process Engineering
![Page 2: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT?
What´s next
![Page 3: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CAMERA
![Page 4: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 5: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 6: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Our team has been charged with designing a new and great compact Our team has been charged with designing a new and great compact camera based on COOPLIX P90camera based on COOPLIX P90
Introduction (Project overview)
![Page 7: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 8: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
QFD (Quality function deployment) “Objective”
To understand what customers needs
How to achieve it from an engineering’s perspective
![Page 9: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
QFD - House of Quality
Relationshipmatrix
(2)How to satisfycustomer needs
(engineering requirements)
Interrelationships(between 1 & 2)
(4)C
om
pet
itiv
e as
sess
men
t
Technicalevaluation
Target values
(1)What the customer
needs
Customer Customer importance importance
ratingsratings
Weighted Weighted ratingrating
![Page 10: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Customers’ needs “who are the customers”
![Page 11: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Customers’ needs“What customers look for”
Selection criteria What type of photo I going to take? Does the size of the camera matter to me? What do I do with the pictures?
What do you have to look out when you are shopping for a digital camera? More megapixels, more cropping flexibility Optical vs. digital zoom LCD Image Storage
How do you shop for a digital camera?
![Page 12: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Resolution (pixels, imaging sizing selection)
• Image sensor type
• Media storage type
• Shutter speed range
• Optical and digital zoom
• Recording mode
• Len
• Camera size
• LCD size
• Self Timer, flash light, nightshot ability
• Red eye reduction capability, special effects
Customers’ needs“What customers look for”
![Page 13: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CustomerCustomerimportanceimportance
ratingrating(10 = highest)(10 = highest)
What the customer What the customer needsneeds
What the Customer
WantsPortable 9,0Easy to use 10,0
Able to take great pictures 8,0
Quick 7,0Easy to hold steady 6,0
Able to store several pictures 7,0Cheap 8,0Fashionable 5,0Reliable 9,0Easy to manufacture 6,0
Who, what
10 factors
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 14: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What the Customer
Wants
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Electricity requirement
Size
Focus
Exposure
Ergonomic design
Digital zoom lens
Battery
Memory
Time to start
Resolution
Lead time
Shape
Color
Materials
14 requirements
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 15: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What the Customer
Wants
RelationshipMatrix
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Relationship matrixRelationship matrix
Hows Whats
Engineer Requirements 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Portable (Light, small)
Easy to use Able to take great pictures
Quick
Easy to hold steady Able to store several pictures
Cheap
Fashionable
Realiable
Easy to manufacture
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 16: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Example “Engineer requirement and customers’ needs”
Customers’ need Easy to use
Electricity requirement Weak relationship ▲
Size
Focus Strong relationship
Exposure Strong relationship
Ergonomic design Moderate relationship
Digital zoom lens Strong relationship
Battery
Memory
Time to start Weak relationship ▲
Resolution
Lead time
Shape
Color
Materials
Engineer requirements
Θ
Θ
Θ
Ο
![Page 17: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What the Customer
Wants
RelationshipMatrix
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Relationship matrixRelationship matrix
Hows Whats
Engineer Requirements 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Portable (Light, small) ▲ Θ ▲ ▲ ▲ Ο Θ
Easy to use ▲ Θ Θ Ο Θ ▲ Able to take great pictures
Θ Θ Θ ▲ Θ
Quick ▲ ▲ ▲ Θ ▲
Easy to hold steady Θ Ο Able to store several pictures
Θ ▲
Cheap ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ Θ Θ Ο
Fashionable ▲ Ο Θ ▲
Realiable Ο Ο Ο Ο
Easy to manufacture ▲ ▲ Θ Ο ▲
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 18: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
What the Customer
Wants
RelationshipMatrix
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Interrelationships
An
alys
is o
fC
om
pet
ito
rs
Relationships between the things we can doRelationships between the things we can do
How hows
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 19: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
How well do competing How well do competing products meet customer products meet customer wantswants
What the CustomerWants Relationship
Matrix
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Interrelationships
An
alys
is o
fC
om
pet
ito
rs
Now
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 20: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How well How well do do competing competing products products meet meet customer customer wantswants
What the Customer
WantsRelationship
Matrix
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Interrelationships
An
alys
is o
fC
om
pet
ito
rs Now
QFD - House of Quality
Canon EOS 650D
Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
Nikon Coolpix L120
Olympus SP-550UZ
Panasonic FZ35
Nikon Coolpix P90(me)
4 3 3 5 4 4
3 5 3 3 3 3
5 4 5 4 5 5
3 5 3 3 3 3
5 4 5 4 5 5
3 5 3 3 3 3
5 4 5 4 5 5
3 5 3 3 3 3
5 4 5 4 5 5
3 5 3 3 3 3
![Page 22: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Nikon Nikon Cooplix Cooplix L120 is a L120 is a very very competitive competitive cameracamera
What the Customer
WantsRelationship
Matrix
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Interrelationships
An
alys
is o
fC
om
pet
ito
rs Now
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 23: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
What the Customer
Wants
RelationshipMatrix
TechnicalAttributes and
Evaluation
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Interrelationships
An
alys
is o
fC
om
pet
ito
rs
QFD - House of Quality
Electricity requirement
Resolution
Low(0.5A)
16MP
7
3
Focus
Cost
Auto focus(2’ to ∞)
500USD
7
3
![Page 24: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What the Customer
Wants
RelationshipMatrix
TechnicalAttributes and
Evaluation
How to SatisfyCustomer Wants
Interrelationships
An
alys
is o
fC
om
pet
ito
rs
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 25: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Completed House of QualityCompleted House of Quality
QFD - House of Quality
![Page 26: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 28: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Function analysis
To breakdown big functions into smaller basic subfunctions to: Capture all functional goals Fully understanding of customer needs to
elaborate the requirements To look for physical solutions Identify system boundaries Increase the potential for new combination
![Page 29: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Function analysis
![Page 30: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Function analysis
![Page 31: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Function analysis
![Page 32: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Function analysis
![Page 33: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Function analysis - completed
![Page 34: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Function analysis - completed
![Page 35: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Functional requirements and constraints
Otto y Wood, 2001 Suh, 2001
![Page 36: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Functional requirements and constraints
![Page 37: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Functional requirements and constraints
-2.0 and 2.0VIn increments of 1/3EV
4m (13ft) for angle position2.2m (7ft) for telephoto position
0.5 to 8.0m for wide1.7 to 5.0m for tele
Maximum 10sMinimum 2s 16MP
25 pictures1.4frames per second
![Page 38: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Functional requirements and constraints
Adjust 24 languages25 time zones
![Page 39: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Functional requirements and constraints
32 GB external47 MB internal
Up to 16 thumbnails display
Up to 10x Minimum size160x120
Minimum size160x120
![Page 40: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 41: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Morphological Matrix
![Page 42: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Morphological MatrixSearch for physical solutions
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4
Switch on/off Press the button Switch the button Swipe the screen
![Page 43: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Morphological MatrixSearch for physical solutions
Solution 1 Solution 2
Shoot pictures Press the button Press button on the screen
Functions
Physical solutions
![Page 44: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Morphological MatrixSearch for physical solutions
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3
Extract pictures/videos Connect devices by cable Use Wifi, bluetooth Use applications
Functions
Physical solutions
![Page 45: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Morphological Matrix
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4
Switch on/off Rotate the mode dial Press button Switch button Touch screen
Change mode Rotate the mode dial Press button on the body of camera
Select from the list on the screen
Shoot pictures Press button on the body of camera
Press button on the screen
Set up issues Press menu button on the body
Select from the list on the screen
Zoom in/out Rotate the mode dial Select the number Touch on the screen
Adjust date/time Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Type the numbers Move the zoom level
Digital zoom Rotate the mode dial Assembly the lens
Connect devices Insert cable Use Wifi, Bluetooth Use applications
Others Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Select from the list on the screen
Concept
Physical solutions
Functions
![Page 46: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Morphological MatrixCombine solution to embody physical concept
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4
Switch on/off Rotate the mode dial Press button Switch button Touch screen
Change mode Rotate the mode dial Press button on the body of camera
Select from the list on the screen
Shoot pictures Press button on the body of camera
Press button on the screen
Set up issues Press menu button on the body
Select from the list on the screen
Zoom in/out Rotate the mode dial Select the number Touch on the screen
Adjust date/time Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Type the numbers Move the zoom level
Digital zoom Rotate the mode dial Assembly the lens
Connect devices Insert cable Use Wifi, Bluetooth Use applications
Others Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Select from the list on the screen
Concept
![Page 47: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Morphological MatrixCombine solution to embody physical concept
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4
Switch on/off Rotate the mode dial Press button Switch button Touch screen
Change mode Rotate the mode dial Press button on the body of camera
Select from the list on the screen
Shoot pictures Press button on the body of camera
Press button on the screen
Set up issues Press menu button on the body
Select from the list on the screen
Zoom in/out Rotate the mode dial Select the number Touch on the screen
Adjust date/time Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Type the numbers Move the zoom level
Digital zoom Rotate the mode dial Assembly the lens
Connect devices Insert cable Use Wifi, Bluetooth Use applications
Others Press button Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Concept
![Page 48: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4
Switch on/off Rotate the mode dial Press button Switch button Touch screen
Change mode Rotate the mode dial Press button on the body of camera
Select from the list on the screen
Shoot pictures Press button on the body of camera
Press button on the screen
Set up issues Press menu button on the body
Select from the list on the screen
Zoom in/out Rotate the mode dial Select the number Touch on the screen
Adjust date/time Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Type the numbers Move the zoom level
Digital zoom Rotate the mode dial Assembly the lens
Connect devices Insert cable Insert cable Use Wifi, Bluetooth Use applications
Others Press button Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button
Concept
Morphological MatrixCombine solution to embody physical concept
![Page 49: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Morphological MatrixEliminate infeasible solutions
![Page 50: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 51: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Select the manufacturing process
![Page 52: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
QFD 2
1 Introduction
3 Functional analyses and constraints
CONTENTS
5 Select the manufacturing process
4 Morphological Matrix
6 Conclusion
![Page 53: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Conlusion
Portable
Easy to use with Android OS
Great pictures 16MP
![Page 54: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Reference
http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5460020_camera-manufacturing-process.html
Lectures of Prof.Ines Manual P90 Internet
![Page 55: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Anppedix
Design The camera manufacturing process begins with its design. A designer starts the process by creating an electronic "sketch" using CAD
(computer aided design) software. Here, the cameras parts and inner workings are drawn. During this time, the designer decides the components of the camera: electronics, materials, mechanics, and other features like how the camera interfaces with lenses and other attachments (e.g. flash units, light meters, etc.).
Once the design is complete, it is tested in a computer simulation environment. Here the design is checked against the original concept and marketing goals. If the design passes the test, it can then be pushed to prototype production
Prototype and Testing After the camera has been approved for prototyping, a test camera is produced. The purpose of prototyping is to check performance
capabilities and prepare the camera for mass production. The camera is taken through a series of tests both in the lab and outside the lab. The tests consists of general use, special features, and stress tests (case durability, lifetime, etc.). If the prototype is selected for mass production, a team of engineers take the CAD file used in the design process and begin to develop the necessary tools and processes for building the camera. Here, the engineers look at how to make the components of the camera, how it will be pieced together, and what (if any) manpower is required. This process is usually aided by another piece of software called CAM (computer aided manufacturing). If any other components do not fit with the camera (e.g. lenses, flash units, etc.), the combination of the CAD and CAM software can help to design the equipment to fit perfectly with the new design.
Manufacturing Once the prototype has been tested and approved, it can be moved to mass production. First, the chassis or casing for the camera is created. The material used to create the casing is usually a form of polycarbonate plastic that is
extremely durable. The casing itself is produced through a process known as injection molding. A mold is filled with a liquid version of the material and heated until it hardens. Once it's removed from the shell, the cameras edges are trimmed and smoothed to fit together evenly. The case is then sent forward in the production sequence, serving as the base for the rest of the components.
Next, the shutter assembly and film transport system are created. While this system is mainly mechanical, it does harness an electronic chip to verify the film speed. In addition, the shutter is constructed using brand specific materials. Because the speed/accuracy of the shutter determines photo quality, these materials are kept secret.
After the shutter is added, the viewfinder is added. This is where the photographer looks into the camera to line up their shot. This piece is usually composed of glass, plastic, or a combination of the two. To increase visibility inside of the viewfinder, a small reflective mirror is added to increase light. This supports the photographer's eyesight when setting up the shot. On traditional cameras, once this piece is added, the camera casing is sealed and production is complete.
On modern devices, the last piece of equipment added to the camera is the LCD screen and electronics. This piece of the camera is used to display the lens image (the picture being taken), information about the photo (e.g. shutter speed, light settings, and frequency). The screen is made up of a thin sheet of glass and liquid crystals. A series of LEDs (light emitting diodes) cause the crystals to light up and show the image.
After this piece is added, the camera is finished. To complete the process, the camera is packaged and shipped to re
![Page 56: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Morphological Matrix
• Search for solution principles to fulfill sub-functions
Identify as many solutions for each sub-function and auxiliary functions as possible
• Combine solutions to embody physical concepts
Use morphological matrix to identify combinations of solutions
Each combination of solutions will fulfill overall function
• Use expertise and heuristics to eliminate infeasible solution combinations
Morphological Matrix
![Page 57: [Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5563636ad8b42a5c598b4fb6/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)