Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal System

Unifying Principle: The skeletal system provides an internal framework for the body, protects organs by enclosures, and anchors skeletal muscles so that the muscles can cause movement.

Major Concepts: Function of the skeletal system Structure and function of bones and cartilage Types of Bones Axial and appendicular skeleton Joints Developmental aspects of the bone Bone injury

Skeletal System VocabularyDefine the following terms using pages 130-170 and Glossary:

Vocab. Word DefinitionAxial Skeleton

Appendicular SkeletonCompact Bone

Spongy Bone

Long Bones

Short Bones

Flat Bones

Irregular Bones

Ligament

Periostium

Epiphysis

Diaphysis

Articular cartilage

Medullary Cavity

Osteocytes

Osteoblast

Osteoclast

Lamella

Haversian CanalsOsteon

Lacunae

Canaliculi

Fracture

Callus

Fontanels

Joints

Synarthroses jointAmphiarthrosis jointDiarthrosis joint

Fibrous joint

Cartilaginous joints

Synovial joint

Joint cavity

Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal Injuries/DisordersClavicle Fracture

1. What is a clavicle fracture?

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2. What causes a clavicle fracture?

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3. What are the symptoms?

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4. What should you do?

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5. How can you prevent a clavicle fracture?

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6. How are clavicle fracture treated? Include surgery options in your answer.

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Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal Injuries/DisordersMedial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injury

1. What is the function of MCL?

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2. What are the signs and symptoms of an MCL injury?

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3. How do doctors diagnose a MCL injury?

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4. What are the different categories of MCL injury?

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5. Outline the treatments available for MCL injury.

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Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal Injuries/DisordersStress Fracture

1. What is a stress fracture?

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2. What are the symptoms of a stress fracture?

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3. How do doctors diagnose stress fractures?

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4. What are the various causes of stress fracture?

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5. How can one prevent stress fracture?

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6. How to treat a stress fracture?

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Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal Injuries/DisordersAnterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury

1. What is the function of ACL?

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2. What are the signs of an ACL injury?

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3. How do doctors diagnose an ACL injury?

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4. Describe the treatments available for ACL injury.

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6. Outline the rehab and recovery process for an ACL injury.

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Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal Injuries/DisordersOsteomyelitis

1. What is osteomyelitis and how is it caused?

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2. What are the signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis?

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3. How is osteomyelitis diagnosed and treated?

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4 How can one prevent osteomyelitis?

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Anatomy & Physiology Name: __________________________________ Date: __________

Skeletal System Questions

Refer to pages 130-170 of your textbook and answer the following questions in complete sentences:

1. Describe in detail three functions of the skeletal system.

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2. What is the anatomical name for the shaft of a long bone? For its ends? What is yellow marrow? How do spongy and compact bone look different. Illustrate with a labeled diagram.

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3. Define fracture? Which fracture types are most common in the elderly? Why are greenstick

fractures more common in children?

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4. What is the function of joints?

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5. Compare the amount of movement possible in synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic joints. Give examples.

Joint Type Synarthrotic Amphiarthrotic Diarthrotic

Movement

Example

6. List two factors that keep bones healthy. List two factors that can cause bones to become soft or to cause atrophy.

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7. Define arthritis. What type of arthritis is most common in the elderly? What type is believed

to result from the immune system’s attack on one’s own joint tissue?

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8. A 75-year old woman and her 9-year old granddaughter were in a train crash in which both sustained trauma to the chest while seated next to each other. X-ray showed grandmother had several fractured ribs, while her granddaughter had none. Explain these surprisingly (?) different findings.

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