SELF-SERVICE APP DEPLOYMENTWITH KUBERNETES AND OPENSHIFT

A quick introduction to the two technologies

Marko LuksaSoftware EngineerFebruary 11, 2017

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MARKO LUKSAAbout me

Software engineer at Red Hat, currently part of the Cloud Enablement team, bringing Red Hat’s Java Middleware products (EAP, Data Grid, Data Virtualization, etc.) to OpenShift.

● Programming since age 6, developing sw professionally for 20+ years● Various languages, 15+ years of Java● 5 years at Red Hat● CDI/Weld, CapeDwarf, some Infinispan contributions, Cloud Enablement● Just started working on Kubernetes Service Catalog● Author of Kubernetes in Action (Manning Publications, summer 2017)

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THE OLD WAY OF DOING THINGSHow bringing software to production is like without Kubernetes & OpenShift

We’ve been doing it for so long, we don’t acknowledge these are really bad problems:

● Differences between dev and production environments● From development to production:

○ Developers hand over their WARs & JARs to ops, ○ Must always wait for sysadmins to get access, ○ Sysadmins don’t want to know the peculiarities of each app

● Deploy to the cloud? Portability / lock-in!● Bad hardware utilization● Need to scale easily to enable business growth

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THE NEW WAY OF DOING THINGSJust do this and all your troubles will disappear

New tools and new ways of doing things help us fix the problems of yesterday.

● Containers● Container orchestration● Micro services● DevOps

○ But now developers are forced to know the hardware infrastructure● Continuous integration & delivery

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CONTAINERSPortability, consistency, standardization

Containers help alleviate a lot of our problems:

● Consistent environment● Package the app + everything the app needs into a portable package● Store app in a central registry, access it from anywhere● Run on any Linux machine (prerequisite: container runtime)● Pack more apps onto a machine (100s of containers per host vs. just a few VMs)● Docker, rkt, Open Container Initiative● Do we need anything else?

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KUBERNETESGreek for helmsman (person, who steers the ship) or pilot

Why is the whole world going crazy about k8s (k+ubernete(8 chars)+s)?

● Google! (Borg, Omega; doing it like this for more than a decade)● Open Source, big community, very fast adoption & devel. (core velocity problem)● Not just container orchestration● Abstracts away the infrastructure

○ Exposes tens/hundreds/thousands of nodes as a single deployment plane● Does the ops work for you

○ Scheduling, Self-healing, Autoscaling

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KUBERNETES FEATURESMuch more than just container orchestration

Among other things, Kubernetes provides these features:

● Automatic bin packing● Horizontal scaling● Automated deployment rollouts and rollbacks● Self-healing● Service discovery and load balancing● Secret and configuration management● Storage orchestration● Batch execution

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SELF-SERVICE APP DEPLOYMENTDevelopers can deploy apps without any help from the sysadmins

Once a sysadmin deploys Kubernetes on your servers, developers can start deploying applications on those servers without having to know anything about them.

● Developer doesn’t need to deal with individual machines● Developer doesn’t even need to know how many machines there are● Developer tells Kubernetes: “I want X copies of this app to be running”● Kubernetes finds the best spot to run the app (for each copy)● Service discovery enables client apps to find other apps they need● Sysadmins take care of Kubernetes, not the apps themselves

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KUBERNETES ARCHITECTUREThe components that make up a Kubernetes cluster

Kubernetes components are split into two groups:

● Control plane (“master”)○ etcd (distributed key value store)○ Kubernetes API Server (REST) ○ Kubernetes Scheduler○ Kubernetes Controller Manager

● Nodes (“workers”)○ Container Runtime (Docker, rkt)○ Kubelet○ Kubernetes Proxy

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INTERACTING WITH KUBERNETESUsers talk to the master; the master instructs nodes what to do

Kubernetes Master

myapp.yaml

1 x

5 x

2 x

10s or 1000s of worker nodes exposed as a single deployment platform

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RUNNING AND MANAGING APPSHow applications are deployed and managed in Kubernetes

You tell Kubernetes what you want your system state to be and Kubernetes takes care of it.

● Declarative vs. imperative approach● Post JSON or YAML descriptors to the Kubernetes REST API server● Use kubectl command-line tool:

$ kubectl run <deploymentName> --image=<image> --replicas=3

$ kubectl expose deployment <deploymentName> --port=80 --target-port=8080

$ kubectl get pods,services,deployments

$ kubectl scale <deploymentName> --replicas=5

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KUBERNETES CONCEPTSThe building blocks you use to run applications

Talking to Kubernetes entails creating objects through the Kubernetes API:

● Pods (one or more collocated containers)● Labels & label selectors● Replication controllers (ReplicaSet, DaemonSet, StatefulSet, Job, ScheduledJob)● Services● Volumes, PersistentVolumes● ConfigMaps, Secrets● Deployments

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Red Hat OpenShift is a complete container application platform

RED HAT OPENSHIFTEnterprise Kubernetes

CODE BUILD DEPLOY

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RED HAT OPENSHIFTRed Hat’s Container Application Platform

Red Hat OpenShift is an open-source Platform-as-a-Service built on top of Kubernetes.

● Not just run, but also build apps● Don’t need to deal with Docker (sort of)● Enterprise-grade container platform● Origin, OCP, Dedicated, Online● Suite of templates and container images with S2I capability

○ JBoss Enterprise Application Platform○ JBoss Data Grid○ ...

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ADDITIONAL CONCEPTS IN OPENSHIFTAdditional API objects only available in OpenShift

OpenShift brings the following additional objects on top of what Kubernetes offers:

● Users and Security Policies● Templates● BuildConfig● DeploymentConfig (similar to Deployment in Kubernetes)● Routes (similar to Ingress in Kubernetes)● ...

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DEMOLet’s see OpenShift in action

We’re going to show the following:

● Build and deploy a Java EE Enterprise Application in JBoss EAP (inside OpenShift)● Horizontally scale up to three instances (three running EAP servers)● Simulate node going down (by deleting a pod)● Modify the app and perform a rolling update● Scale back down to 1 EAP instance● Clean up everything

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Learn how to develop and run self-healing apps with Kubernetes.

● Early access: first half of book already available● Estimated publication date: Summer 2017● www.manning.com/books/kubernetes-in-action● 40% off all Manning books for Javantura attendees:

○ Use code ctwjavantura at manning.com

“KUBERNETES IN ACTION” BOOKMarko Luksa (Manning Publications, 2017)

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