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Charlotte Bronte (1847)Charlotte Bronte (1847)

Jane Eyre

Charlotte BronteCharlotte Bronte

Was born of Irish Was born of Irish ancestry in 1816ancestry in 1816

•Lived at Haworth, a parsonage•Mother died of cancer when Charlotte was 5 years old.

CharlotteCharlotte’’s Religious Viewss Religious Views

Father, Patrick Bronte, Father, Patrick Bronte, was an Anglican was an Anglican (Church of England) (Church of England) clergymanclergyman

Due to her upbringing, Due to her upbringing, she often wrote about she often wrote about religious hypocrisyreligious hypocrisy——those who preach those who preach one doctrine but live one doctrine but live by anotherby another

The Bronte SistersThe Bronte Sisters

Charlotte had four sisters Charlotte had four sisters and one brother.and one brother.

Charlotte’s mother died when Charlotte was age 5; Brontë and her sisters were later sent to the Clergy Daughters’ School. The food was badThe food was bad Discipline was harshDiscipline was harsh Disease was rampantDisease was rampant

BronteBronte’’s two older sisters s two older sisters (Maria & Elizabeth) died (Maria & Elizabeth) died of tuberculosis.of tuberculosis.

TuberculosisTuberculosis• Tuberculosis was a common

killer during the Victorian era.• Tuberculosis often destroys

its victims’ lungs, resulting in a bloody cough.

• If untreated, sufferers may die of tuberculosis because their lungs are so badly damaged.

All in the FamilyAll in the Family The Clergy DaughterThe Clergy Daughter’’s School at Cowan Bridge s School at Cowan Bridge

would became the model for Lowood, the would became the model for Lowood, the fictitious girlsfictitious girls’’ school in school in Jane Eyre.Jane Eyre.

CharloteCharlote’’s sisters Anne and Emily Bronte both s sisters Anne and Emily Bronte both became successful writers. became successful writers.

In 1846, Charlotte & her sisters started In 1846, Charlotte & her sisters started publishing poems and began writing novels:publishing poems and began writing novels:

The ProfessorThe Professor was Charlotte was Charlotte’’s attempt to s attempt to fictionalize her love for a college professor fictionalize her love for a college professor she had met at Brussels, a city in Belgium.she had met at Brussels, a city in Belgium.

In 1847In 1847 Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights was sister was sister EmilyEmily’’s first success. s first success.

Charlotte followed with Charlotte followed with Jane Eyre published Jane Eyre published in 1847.in 1847.

CharlotteCharlotte’’s brother, Branwell, was a gifted s brother, Branwell, was a gifted painter.painter.

Emily Bronte

Anne Bronte

Branwell Bronte

Charlotte Bronte

All 3 Bronte Sisters…All 3 Bronte Sisters…

Used a masculine “pseudonym” name Used a masculine “pseudonym” name because women writers were not taken because women writers were not taken seriously at that time in Victorian seriously at that time in Victorian England.England.

Charlotte used the pseudonym “Currer Charlotte used the pseudonym “Currer Bell”.Bell”.

Marriage BellsMarriage Bells In 1854 Charlotte In 1854 Charlotte

married her father's married her father's curate (assistant curate (assistant priest), Arthur Bell priest), Arthur Bell Nichols.Nichols.

The next year, she The next year, she became pregnant, became pregnant, then ill.then ill.

She died a month She died a month

before her 39before her 39thth birthday.birthday.

THE NOVELTHE NOVEL

Jane Eyre Jane Eyre was published in London in 1847.was published in London in 1847.

Key FactsKey Facts

All events are told All events are told in the past from in the past from JaneJane’’s point of s point of view.view.

The setting is early The setting is early 1919thth Century Century England.England.

Jane EyreJane Eyre is is classified as both a classified as both a GothicGothic and a and a RomanticRomantic novel. novel.

CharlotteCharlotte’’s Gothic s Gothic InfluenceInfluence

Jane EyreJane Eyre displays displays some characteristics some characteristics of the of the gothic novelgothic novel::Imprisoned womenImprisoned womenA heroine who faces A heroine who faces

dangerdangerSupernatural Supernatural

interventions at crucial interventions at crucial moments in the plotmoments in the plot

A romantic A romantic reconciliationreconciliation

Jane EyreJane Eyre’’s Romantic s Romantic HeritageHeritage

The Romantic The Romantic MovementMovement Came into play in at the Came into play in at the

end of the 18end of the 18thth Century. Century. Championed for the Championed for the

rights of the individual rights of the individual over the demands of over the demands of society.society.

Believed that humans Believed that humans were inherently goodwere inherently good

Valued imagination over Valued imagination over reasonreason

Inspired by natureInspired by nature

Jane EyreJane Eyre The protagonistThe protagonist Orphaned as a childOrphaned as a child A feisty young child, who A feisty young child, who

grows into a strong woman.grows into a strong woman. Embodies the English Embodies the English

working-class woman.working-class woman. Eventually becomes Eventually becomes

“governess” (teacher of “governess” (teacher of education and social graces) education and social graces) to Adele at Thornfield to Adele at Thornfield

Role of the GovernessRole of the Governesso With the new stress on With the new stress on

female education, female education, governesses were in governesses were in demand.demand.

o Pay was poor, but it was one Pay was poor, but it was one of the only jobs available to of the only jobs available to educated, yet impoverished educated, yet impoverished young women.young women.

o Employers & other servants Employers & other servants often shunned the often shunned the governess because they felt governess because they felt governesses were governesses were ““putting putting on airs.on airs.””

o Their employers would often Their employers would often ignore them, too, because ignore them, too, because they had a superior they had a superior education, which intimidated education, which intimidated many people – especially many people – especially men.men.

Reed FamilyReed Family JaneJane’’s family on her fathers family on her father’’s s

side where Jane is sent at age side where Jane is sent at age 10 upon her parent’s deaths10 upon her parent’s deaths

John, Eliza, and Georgiana are John, Eliza, and Georgiana are JaneJane’’s spoiled cousins; they s spoiled cousins; they are cruel, rude and selfishare cruel, rude and selfish

Mrs. Reed is JaneMrs. Reed is Jane’’s cruel aunt s cruel aunt (her father’s sister)(her father’s sister)

Mrs. Reed locks Jane in the Mrs. Reed locks Jane in the ““Red RoomRed Room”” for punishment (a for punishment (a “haunted room” - Mrs. Reed’s “haunted room” - Mrs. Reed’s husband had died in this husband had died in this room).room).

Mrs. Reed sends Jane to Mrs. Reed sends Jane to Lowood School for orphans Lowood School for orphans (for 8 years) rather than care (for 8 years) rather than care for Janefor Jane

Red RoomRed Room

The room at Gateshead The room at Gateshead where Uncle Reed died, where Uncle Reed died, and where Jane was and where Jane was locked up to be locked up to be punished.punished.

This punishment haunts This punishment haunts Jane for the rest of her Jane for the rest of her life.life.

Memories of the night in Memories of the night in the Red Room occur the Red Room occur when Jane is at a when Jane is at a crossroads in her life.crossroads in her life.

Other CharactersOther CharactersHelen Burns – JanHelen Burns – Jan

ee ’’s best friend at s best friend at Lowood SchoolLowood School

Mr. Brocklehurst – Mr. Brocklehurst – cruel and cruel and dishonest master dishonest master of Lowood Schoolof Lowood School

Miss Temple – Miss Temple – JaneJane’’s favorite s favorite teacher, positive teacher, positive female role female role model/mother model/mother figurefigure

Helen

Mr. Brocklehurst

Miss Temple

Tuberculosis/TyphusTuberculosis/Typhus

• Jane Eyre’s Lowood suffers outbreaks of both tuberculosis and typhus, common diseases which caused millions of deaths annually.

• Typhus is a disease that :

• is spread by fleas, ticks, and lice

• causes headaches, chills, rashes, and fevers that last up to three weeks

• Tuberculosis is a disease that:

• Is bacterial, and spread from person to person via air (coughing, sneezing). It damages lungs so that lungs no longer function

• Both tuberculosis and typhus are diseases associated with crowded, unsanitary conditions.

Tuberculosis in 2015Tuberculosis in 2015Key facts from the World Health OrganizationTuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs. Tuberculosis is curable and preventable. TB is spread from person to person through the air. When people with TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. Tuberculosis (TB) is second only to HIV/AIDS as the greatest killer worldwide due to a single infectious agent.In 2013, 9 million people fell ill with TB and 1.5 million died from the disease.Over 95% of TB deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.

Edward RochesterEdward Rochester

JaneJane’’s boss at Thornfields boss at ThornfieldGruff and rude Gruff and rude Made wealthy by family Made wealthy by family

moneymoneyBenefactor (provides Benefactor (provides

resources) to Adresources) to Adèèle Varens, le Varens, JaneJane’’s pupil, daughter of s pupil, daughter of RochesterRochester’’s old mistress, s old mistress, CeleneCelene

Very secretiveVery secretive

Mrs. FairfaxMrs. Fairfax Housekeeper at ThornfieldHousekeeper at Thornfield Serves as a mother Serves as a mother

figure/role model for Janefigure/role model for Jane Tells Jane about secrets of Tells Jane about secrets of

Thornfield and the Thornfield and the Rochesters.Rochesters.

Thornfield Manor

Rivers FamilyRivers Family

JaneJane’’s caretakers s caretakers when she leaves when she leaves ThornfieldThornfield

St. John – Minister at St. John – Minister at MortonMorton

Diana and Mary – kind Diana and Mary – kind and independent and independent sisters to St. Johnsisters to St. John

St. John Rivers

Other Characters (Cont.)Other Characters (Cont.)

Grace Poole – Mysterious Grace Poole – Mysterious housekeeper????housekeeper????

Richard Mason – Exposes Richard Mason – Exposes “the” secret“the” secret

Blanche Ingram – Blanche Ingram – socialite after socialite after RochesterRochester’’s money; the s money; the complete opposite of complete opposite of JaneJane

Blanche Blanche IngramIngram

Richard Mason

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