jacob zuma

8/12/2019 Jacob Zuma

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Jacob ZumaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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His Excellency

Jacob Zuma

GCB

4thPresident of South Africa(2nd term)

Incumbent

Assumed office

25 May 2014

Deputy Cyril Ramaphosa

Preceded by Re-elected

4thPresident of South Africa(1st term)
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In office

9 May 200925 May 2014

Deputy Kgalema Motlanthe

Preceded by Kgalema Motlanthe

Succeeded by Re-elected

President of theAfrican National Congress

Incumbent

Assumed office

18 December 2007

Deputy Kgalema Motlanthe

Cyril Ramaphosa

Preceded by Thabo Mbeki

Deputy President of South Africa

In office

14 June 199914 June 2005

President Thabo Mbeki

Preceded by Thabo Mbeki

Succeeded by Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka

Personal details

Born Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma

12 April 1942 (age 72)

Inkandla,South Africa
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Political party African National Congress

Spouse(s) Gertrude Sizakele Khumalo(1973present)

Kate Zuma (1976

2000)[1]

Nkosazana Dlamini(19821998)

Nompumelelo Ntuli (2008present)

Thobeka Mabhija (2010present)[2]

Gloria Bongekile Ngema (2012present)[3]

Children 20 (Estimated)[4]

Religion Protestantism

Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma,GCB[5](born 12 April 1942) is thePresident of SouthAfrica,[6]electedby parliament following his party's victory in the2009 general election.He wasreelected in the2014 election.[7]

Zuma is the President of theAfrican National Congress(ANC), the governing political party, andwasDeputy President of South Africafrom 1999 to 2005.[8]Zuma is also referred to by his initialsJZ[9]and hisclan nameMsholozi.[10][11]Zuma became the President of the ANC on 18 December2007 after defeating incumbentThabo Mbekiat theANC conference in Polokwane.He was re-elected as ANC leader at theANC conference in Manguangon 18 December 2012, defeatingchallengerKgalema Motlantheby a large majority.[12]Zuma was also a member of theSouthAfrican Communist Party(SACP),[13]briefly serving on the party'sPolitburountil he left the party

in 1990.[14]On 20 September 2008, Thabo Mbeki announced his resignation after being recalledby theAfrican National Congress'sNational Executive Committee.[15]The recall came afterSouthAfrican High CourtJudgeChristopher Nicholsonruled that Mbeki had improperly interfered withthe operations of theNational Prosecuting Authority(NPA), including the prosecution of JacobZuma for corruption.

Zuma has faced significant legal challenges. He wascharged with rapein 2005, but wasacquitted. In addition, he fought a long legal battle over allegationsofracketeeringandcorruption,resulting from his financial advisorSchabir Shaik's conviction forcorruption andfraud.On 6 April 2009, the National Prosecuting Authority decided to drop thecharges, citing political interference.

Contents

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1 Life and careero 1.1 Early yearso 1.2 Imprisonment and bano 1.3 Return from exileo 1.4 Rise to national leadershipo 1.5 Election as ANC Presidento 1.6 President of South Africao 1.7 Political-economic orientation

2 Corruption chargeso 2.1 Charges declared unlawfulo 2.2 Charges reinstated on appeal
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o 2.3 Charges droppedo 2.4 Later charges

3 Rape charges 4 Continued support after corruption charges 5 Personal life

o

5.1 Wiveso 5.2 Fianceso 5.3 Other childreno 5.4 2009 "love-child"

5.4.1 Government reaction 5.4.2 Opposition reaction

6 Zuma and Zimbabwe 7 Zuma vs the media 8 Political positions

o 8.1 Remarks on same-sex marriageo 8.2 Remarks on Western Saharao 8.3 Remarks on teenage pregnancyo 8.4 Remarks on the Second Comingo 8.5 Remarks on Afrikanerso 8.6 Remarks about political opponents

9 Controversyo 9.1 Shaik's paroleo 9.2 Ngcobo's nomination as Chief Justiceo 9.3 Failure to disclose assets after taking office as President of South Africao 9.4 Alleged abuses by bodyguardso 9.5 "Shoot the Boer" songo 9.6 Authoritarianismo 9.7 Understanding of democracyo 9.8 Nkandla upgrades and development

10 See also 11 Filmography 12 References 13 Further reading 14 External links

Life and career[edit]Early years[edit]

Zuma was born inInkandla,Natal Province(now part of the province ofKwaZulu-Natal).[16]Hisfather was a policeman who died when Zuma was young, and his mother a domestic

worker.[17]He received no formal schooling.[18]As a child, Zuma constantly moved aroundNatalProvinceand the suburbs ofDurbanin the area of Umkhumbane (near Chesterville).[19]He hastwo brothers, Michael and Joseph.[20]

Imprisonment and ban[edit]

Zuma began engaging in politics at an early age and joined the African National Congressin1959. He became an active member ofUmkhonto we Sizwein 1962, following the South Africangovernment's banning of the ANC in 1961. Zuma joined theSouth African CommunistParty(SACP) in 1963.[13]That year, he was arrested with a group of 45 recruits nearZeerustinthe westernTransvaal,currently part of theNorth West Province.Convicted of conspiring tooverthrow the Apartheid government, a government led by white minorities, Zuma wassentenced to 10 years' imprisonment, which he served onRobben IslandwithNelson

Mandelaand other notable ANC leaders also imprisoned during this time. Whilst imprisoned,
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Zuma served as arefereefor prisoners' association football games, organised by the prisoners'own governing body,Makana F.A.[21]

After his release from prison, Zuma was instrumental in the re-establishment of ANCunderground structures in theNatalprovince.[8]

Zuma first left South Africa in 1975 and metThabo Mbekiin Swaziland, and proceeded

toMozambique,where he dealt with the arrival of thousands of exiles in the wake of theSowetouprising.

Zuma became a member of the ANC National Executive Committee in 1977. He also served asDeputy Chief Representative of the ANC in Mozambique, a post he occupied until the signing oftheNkomati Accordbetween the Mozambican and South African governments in 1984. Aftersigning the Accord, he was appointed as Chief Representative of the ANC.

He served on the ANC's political and military council when it was formed in the mid-1980s, andwas elected to the politburo of the SACP on April 1989.[22]

In January 1987, Zuma was forced to leave another country, this time by the government ofMozambique. He moved to the ANC Head Office inLusaka,Zambia, where he was appointedHead of Underground Structures and shortly thereafter Chief of the Intelligence Department.

Return from exile[edit]

Following the end of the ban on the ANC in February 1990, Zuma was one of the first ANCleaders to return to South Africa to begin the process of negotiations.[8]

In 1990, he was elected Chairperson of the ANC for the Southern Natal region, and took aleading role in fighting political violence in the region between members of the ANC andtheInkatha Freedom Party(IFP). He was elected the Deputy Secretary General of the ANC thenext year, and in January 1994, he was nominated as the ANC candidate for the PremiershipofKwaZulu Natal.

The IFP, led byMangosuthu Buthelezi,put particular emphasis onZulupride and political powerduring this period. In this context, Zuma's Zulu heritage made his role especially important in the

ANC's efforts to end the violence, to emphasise the political (rather than tribal) roots of theviolence, and to win the support of Zulu people in the region.

Rise to national leadership[edit]

Zuma had experience in national leadership, as he started serving in the National Executivecommittee of the ANC in 1977 when the party was still a guerrilla movement. By the time hebecame its president he had served the ANC for thirty years. After the1994 general election,with the ANC becoming a governing party but having lost KwaZulu-Natal province to the IFP, hewas appointed as Member of the Executive Committee (MEC) of Economic Affairs and Tourismfor the KwaZulu-Natal provincial government, after stepping aside to allowThabo Mbekito rununopposed for deputy presidency. In December 1994, he was elected National Chairperson ofthe ANC and chairperson of the ANC in KwaZulu-Natal, and was re-elected to the latter position

in 1996. He was elected Deputy President of the ANC at the National Conference heldatMafikengin December 1997 and consequently appointed executive Deputy President of SouthAfrica in June 1999.

During this time, he also worked inKampala,Uganda, as facilitator of theBurundipeaceprocess, along withUgandan PresidentYoweri Museveni.Museveni chairs the Great LakesRegional Initiative, a grouping of regional presidents overseeing the peace process inBurundi,where several armedHutugroups took up arms in 1993 against a government and armydominated by theTutsiminority that they claimed had assassinated the first president electedfrom the Hutu majority.[23]

On 14 June 2005, President Thabo Mbeki removed Zuma from his post as Deputy President dueto allegations of corruption and fraud related to the$5-billion weapons acquisition dealby the

South African government in 1999. Zuma's successor as Deputy President of South AfricawasPhumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka,the wife ofBulelani Ngcuka.Mlambo-Ngcuka had been Minister
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of Minerals and Energy since 1999. While her appointment was widely welcomed by thebusiness community, she was booed publicly at many ANC rallies by pitied Zuma supportersbetween the time corruption charges had been filed but before rape charges were made with thefirst booing taking place in Utrecht.[24]

Election as ANC President[edit]

President Zuma and one of his wives withBarack ObamaandMichelle Obamain New York, 2009

In terms of party tradition, as the deputy president of the ANC, Zuma was already in line tosucceed Mbeki. The party structures held their nominations conferences in October andNovember 2007, where Zuma appeared favourite for the post of ANC President, and, byimplication, the President of South Africa in 2009.[25][26][27]With then-incumbent ANC- and SouthAfrican President Thabo Mbeki as his opposition, Zuma was elected President of the ANC on 18December 2007 with 2329 votes, beating Mbeki's 1505 votes. Mbeki had sought a third term asANC president, though the South African Constitution would not have allowed him a third term asPresident of South Africa.

On 28 December 2007, theNational Prosecuting Authorityserved Zuma an indictment to standtrial in the High Court on various counts ofracketeering,money laundering,corruptionandfraud.[28]

Zuma was re-elected as ANC leader at theANC conference in Manguangon 18 December2012, defeating challenger and then Deputy PresidentKgalema Motlantheby a large majority.[29]

President of South Africa[edit]

Argentinean PresidentCristina Fernndezand South African President Zuma in discussion

In September 2008, the breakdown in the relationship between the ruling ANC and itspresidential appointee, Thabo Mbeki, reached a tipping point, with the ANC NEC's decision thatMbeki was no longer fit to govern South Africa. Mbeki elected not to challenge this decision and

resigned as President of South Africa. The ANC announced that the party's deputypresident,Kgalema Motlanthe,would become president until2009 general elections,after which
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it was intended that Zuma would become president.[30][31]Zuma declared that he would prefer toonly serve one term as president.[32]

The ANC won the national election on 6 May 2009 and Zuma was sworn in as President of SouthAfrica on 9 May 2009.

Zuma officially announced the death of Nelson Mandela, South Africa's first democratically

elected president, in a press conference on December 5, 2013.[33][34]On January 18, 2014 it was reported that Zuma would be the sole candidate for the ANC in theupcoming national election. It was reported that, in spite of speculation to the contrary, becauseof the controversies surrounding him, the ANC was "united behind Zuma" and would not fieldanother candidate for the presidency in the upcoming national election. ANC Deputy SecretaryGeneral Jesse Duarte stated The policy is that the president of the ANC is always the candidatefor the election. We don't have another candidate and there will be no other candidate. Let us beclear.

[35]

On January 26, 2014 it was reported that at least four of the 11 ANC regional leaders inKwaZulu-Natal had confirmed the existence of a resolution taken to approach Zuma to ask himnot to run for a second term as the countrys president. The resolution had reportedly gained

momentum in November, 2013 when the ANC was preparing for the national list conference,however, it "lost traction" after the death of Nelson Mandela.[36]

Political-economic orientation[edit]

Zuma is an economicleftist,who has described himself as a socialist.[37]He has received supportfromtrade unionsand from theSouth African Communist Partyas well as the Women's Leagueand the Youth League of the ANC.[37]According toThe GuardianandThe New York Times,Zuma supports redistribution of wealth and has allied himself with socialists and communists thatseek to redistribute wealth.[37][38]However,The Guardian(UK) has also reported that Zuma hastried "to reassure foreign investors their interests will be protected."

Corruption charges[edit]Main article:South African Arms Deal

Zuma became embroiled in a corruption related controversy, one of many, after his financialadvisor,Schabir Shaik,was charged with corruption andfraud.Bulelani Ngcuka,the nationaldirector of Public Prosecutions at the time, investigated both Zuma and the Chief Whip of theANC,Tony Yengeni,after allegations of abuse of power were levelled against them. Thisconcerned improper influence in the controversial arms deal, and the question of financial benefitas a result of such influence. While Yengeni was found guilty, the case was dropped againstZuma, with Ngcuka stating, "...that there wasprima facieevidence of corruption, but insufficientto win the case in court".[39]Ngcuka moved to private practice after criticism from the ANC overthis incident.

In 2004, Zuma became a key figure mentioned in theSchabir Shaik trial.Schabir Shaik,a

Durban businessman and his financial advisor, was questioned over bribery in the course of thepurchase ofValour class frigatesfor theSouth African Navy,a proposed waterfront developmentinDurban,and lavish spending on Zuma's residence in Nkandla. In the trial Shaik was shown tohave solicited a bribe of R500 000 per annum for Zuma in return for Zuma's support for thedefence contractor Thomson CSF, documented in the infamous "encrypted fax".[40][41]On 2 June2005, Shaik was found guilty and sentenced to 15 years in prison.[42]

JudgeHilary Squireselaborates in detail on the numerous transactions that transpired betweenZuma and Shaik, summarising with "all the accused companies were used at one time or anotherto pay sums of money to Jacob Zuma". The media mis-quoted Squires with the phrase "Agenerally corrupt relationship" (existed between Zuma and Shaik), whereas these exact wordsdo not appear in the court transcripts.[43]To the defence of the originators of this phrase, the fulltranscript[44][45]of the judgment against Shaik actually does mention Zuma 471 times, uses word"corrupt" or "corruption" 54 times, and contains 12 sentences with both the word "corrupt" andthe name "Zuma". Media sources later switched to the phrase "mutually beneficial symbiosis",
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from the judgment's paragraph 235: "It would be flying in the face of commonsense and ordinaryhuman nature to think that he did not realise the advantages to him of continuing to enjoy Zuma'sgoodwill to an even greater extent than before 1997; and even if nothing was ever said betweenthem to establish the mutually beneficial symbiosis that the evidence shows existed, thecircumstances of the commencement and the sustained continuation thereafter of thesepayments, can only have generated a sense of obligation in the recipient."

After twelve days of intense media speculation about his future,PresidentThabo MbekirelievedZuma of his duties as deputy president on 14 June 2005. Mbeki told a joint sitting of parliamentthat "in the interest of the honourable Deputy President, the government, our young democraticsystem and our country, it would be best to release the honourable Jacob Zuma from hisresponsibilities as Deputy President of the republic and member of the cabinet." Zuma thenresigned as a Member of Parliament.

In the aftermath of the Shaik trial, Zuma was formally charged with corruption by the NationalProsecuting Authority. The case was struck from the roll of thePietermaritzburgHigh Court afterthe prosecution's application for a postponement (petitioned in order to allow the NPA to secureadmissible forms of documentation required as evidence) was dismissed. In dismissing theapplication for postponement the Court rendered moot the defence's application for a permanent

stay of proceedings which would prevent Zuma from being criminally prosecuted.[46]

Zuma's legal team continued to delay proceedings and in spite of Zuma's claim that he desiredthe matter to appear in court, succeeded in making critical evidence unavailable to the courtresulting in the prosecution making an application for postponement on the set date. As theprosecution was not ready the case was struck from the roll after the prosecution's application fora postponement was dismissed,[46]however Zuma's legal team was unsuccessful in its attemptsto have the courts grant a permanent stay of proceedings (which would have rendered Zumaimmune to prosecution on the charges). This left Zuma open to being recharged with corruptionas soon as the NPA completed preparing its case.

On 8 November 2007 the Supreme Court of Appeal ruled in favour of the National ProsecutingAuthority with respect to appeals relating to various search and seizure exercises performed bythe and rejected four appeals made by Zuma's defence team. This ruling pertained to theNational Prosecuting Authority obtaining the personal diary of senior member of a French armscompany, which may have provided information relating to Zuma's possible corrupt practicesduring the awarding of an arms deal.

On 28 December 2007, theScorpionsserved Zuma an indictment to stand trial in the High Courton various counts of racketeering, money laundering, corruption and fraud. A conviction andsentence to a term of imprisonment of more than 1-year would have rendered Zuma ineligible forelection to the South African Parliament and consequently he would not have been eligible toserve as President of South Africa.

Charges declared unlawful[edit]

Zuma appeared in court on 4 August 2008. On 12 September

2008,PietermaritzburgJudgeChris Nicholsonheld that Zuma's corruption charges wereunlawful on procedural grounds in that the National Directorate of Public Prosecutions ("NDPP")did not give Zuma a chance to make representations before deciding to charge him (this is arequirement of theSouth Africa Constitution), and directed the state to pay legalcosts.[47][48][49]Nicholson also added, however that he believed political interference played a verylarge role in the decision to recharge Zuma, although he did not say this was the reason why heheld that the charges brought against Zuma were unlawful, though it was implied. Nicholson alsostressed that his ruling did not relate to Zuma's guilt or innocence, but was merely on aprocedural point. Various media reports had incorrectly reported that the charges against Zumahad been dismissed.[47][50]This was not the case. It remained competent for the NDPP torecharge Zuma, however, only once he had been given an opportunity to make representationsto the NDPP in respect of the NDPP's decision to do so. In paragraph 47 of the Judgment, Judge

Nicholson wrote,
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The obligation to hear representations forms part of theaudi alteram partemprinciple. What isrequired is that a person who may be adversely affected by a decision be given an opportunity tomake representations with a view to procuring a favourable result. The affected person shouldusually be informed of the gist or the substance of the case, which he is to answer.

The Court held that the NDPP's failure to follow the procedure outlined in Section 179(5)(d) of

the Constitution rendered the decision by the NDPP to recharge Zuma unlawful. Judge Nicholsonfound that there were various inferences to be drawn from the timing of the charges levelledagainst Zuma (such as the fact that he was charged soon after he was elected president oftheANC)which would warrant a conclusion that there had been a degree of political interferenceby the Executive arm of government. Judge Nicholson writes in paragraph 210 of his judgement,

The timing of the indictment [of Zuma] by Mr Mpshe on 28 December 2007, after the Presidentsuffered a political defeat atPolokwanewas most unfortunate. This factor, together with thesuspension of Mr Pikoli, who was supposed to be independent and immune from executiveinterference, persuade me that the most plausible inference is that the baleful political influencewas continuing.

In paragraph 220 of the Judgement Judge Nicholson went on to write,

There is a distressing pattern in the behaviour which I have set out above indicative of politicalinterference, pressure or influence. It commences with the "political leadership" given by MinisterMaduna to Mr Ngcuka, when he declined to prosecute the applicant, to his communications andmeetings with Thint representatives and the other matters to which I have alluded. Given therules of evidence the court is forced to accept the inference which is the least favourable to theparty's cause who had peculiar knowledge of the true facts. It is certainly more egregious thanthe "hint or suggestion" of political interference referred to in theYengenimatter. It is a matter ofgrave concern that this process has taken place in the new South Africa given the ravages itcaused under theApartheidorder."[51]

Prior to the hearing there had been a spate of criticism of the South AfricanJudiciaryby Zumasupporters,[52]amongst whom were some prominent legal minds, such asPaul Ngobeni[53]In thatcontext, the irony was that this was the third time the South African Judiciary had found in his

favour, including Zuma's acquittal of the rape charge brought against him. The NDPP soonannounced its intention to appeal the decision.

Charges reinstated on appeal[edit]

Thabo Mbekifiled anaffidavitand applied to theConstitutional CourttoappealPietermaritzburgHigh Court Judge Chris Nicholson's ruling:

It was improper for the court to make such far-reaching "vexatious, scandalous and prejudicial"findings concerning me, to be judged and condemned on the basis of the findings in the Zumamatter. The interests of justice, in my respectful submission would demand that the matter berectified. These adverse findings have led to my being recalled by my political party, the ANCarequest I have acceded to as a committed and loyal member of the ANC for the past 52 years. Ifear that if not rectified, I might suffer further prejudice.[54]

Tlali Tlali,National Prosecuting Authorityspokesman, stated by phone fromPretoria,on 23September, "We have received the papers. It's under consideration."[55]

The judgement for the appeal was handed down on 12 January 2009 at the Supreme Court ofAppealinBloemfontein.Deputy Judge President Louis Harms had to rule on two aspects of theappeal. The first aspect was whether or not Zuma had the right to be invited to makerepresentations to the NPA before they decided to reinstate charges of bribery and corruptionagainst him. The second aspect was whether Judge Nicholson was correct in implying politicalmeddling by the then PresidentThabo Mbekiwith regards to the NPA's decision to charge Zuma.

On the question of the NPA's obligation to invite representations when reviewing decisionsHarms DP found that Nicholson's interpretation of section 179 of theConstitutionwas incorrect in

that the NPA did not have such an obligation and thus was free to have charged Zuma as it did.On the question of Nicholson's inferences of political meddling by Mbeki, Harms DP found thatthe lower court "overstepped the limits of its authority".
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10/19

Charges dropped[edit]

On 6 April 2009, theNational Prosecuting Authority(NPA) dropped all charges against Zuma, aswell as co-accused French arms company Thint, in light of new revelations about serious flaws inthe prosecution.[56]The revelations were in the form of intercepted phone calls showing that thehead of the Scorpions, Leonard McCarthy, and the former National Director of Public

Prosecutions, Bulelani Ngcuka, had conspired over the timing of the charges laid against Zuma,presumably to the political advantage of Zuma's political rival, President Thabo Mbeki. Theannouncement of the withdrawal of charges was made by the acting head of the NPA, MokothediMpshe, who however stressed that the withdrawal was due to abuse which left the legal process"tainted", and did not amount to an acquittal.[57]

Just before the NPA's announcement, however, at least two political parties intimated that theywould consider legal action of their own should the charges be dropped.[58]The DemocraticAlliance subsequently filed for a judicial review of the NPA's decision, with party leaderHelenZillestating that Mpshe had "not taken a decision based in law, but [instead had] buckled topolitical pressure".[59]The case was set to be heard on 9 June 2009.[60]Whilst Zuma filed hisresponses timeously, Mpshe delayed the hearing of the matter, requesting two extensions to filethe NPA's response. NPA spokesperson Mthunzi Mhaga said he could not file papers because

there were "outstanding matters" to be resolved. Zille, the Democratic Alliance's party headcontended that Zuma's response was fundamentally wrong and "devoid of any constitutionalbasis".[61]Whilst the legal challenges continued, a survey showed that, as at June 2009, morethan half of South Africans believed President Jacob Zuma was doing a good job. The poll,conducted by TNS Research Studies in the last half of June 2009, revealed that Zuma's approvalratings had steadily improved. Around 57% of the people polled said they thought Zuma was acapable leaderthis was up 3% from April 2009 when the president was inaugurated. InNovember 2008, just months after former president Thabo Mbeki was recalled and when Zumawas facing graft charges, only 36% of South Africans were positive about him.[62]

Later charges[edit]

Zuma has been accused largely by Opposition parties in November 2013 of having used

taxpayer funds to make additions and improvements to his private home in Nkandla. He wasaccused of having deceived the South African Parliament about the use of funds for his securityuse, instead using them largely for personal expenses. Zuma and his cabinet have protested theallegations, claiming that the expenditures are for necessary security facilities of the head ofstate.[63][64]

The opposition parties have stressed that if these allegations prove to be truthful, they willdemand an impeachment or that he step down. As of June 2014, investigations have brought nolegal action to fruition.[63][64]

Rape charges[edit]Main article:Jacob Zuma rape trial

In December 2005, Zuma was charged with raping a 31-year old woman at his home inForestTown, Gauteng.The alleged victim was from a prominent ANC family, the daughter of adeceased struggle comrade of Zuma, and also anAIDSactivist who was known to be HIVpositive. Zuma denied the charges and claimed that the sex was consensual.
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11/19

A crowd of supporters and the curious outside the Johannesburg High Court.

Even before charges were filed, as rumours about rape accusations surfaced later in November,Zuma's political prospects began to appear to take a turn for the worse. Most of his higher-levelpolitical supporters could not respond to these new charges the way they had the corruptioncharges. In a hearing prior to the rape trial, a group of thousands of his supporters gathered nearthe courthouse, as a smaller gathering of anti-rape groups demonstrated on behalf of the allegedrape victim.[65]As he did throughout the trial, Zuma sangLethu Mshini Wami(Bring memymachine gun)with the crowd, and ANC Youth League and Communist Party Youth Leaguespokesmen spoke in support of Zuma.[66]

As the rape trial proceeded, reports surfaced that the South African Communist Party wasseverely divided over how to address the issue of Zuma and the SACP's relationship to him.Many members of the party's youth wing supported Zuma while others in the SACP weresceptical about the value of rallying behind a particular person as opposed to emphasisingprinciples of governance.[67][68]

Despite the defection of some former supporters, many Zuma supporters continued to rallyoutside the courthouse, arousing criticism by anti-rape groups for regular attacks on the integrityand moral standing of Zuma's accuser, insults yelled at a close friend of the accuser, and evenstones thrown at a woman that members of the crowd mistook for the accuser.[69]Zuma'sdefence team introduced evidence relating to the woman's sexual past, and asserted that the sexthat took place was consensual. The prosecution asserted that her lack of resistance was due toa state of shock, and that the relationship between the two was like that of a 'father-daughter'

pair.[70][71]The trial also generated political controversy when Zuma, who at the time headed the NationalAIDS Council, admitted that he had not used a condom when having sex with the woman whonow accuses him of rape, despite knowing that she was HIV-positive. He stated in court that hetook a shower afterwards to "cut the risk of contracting HIV". This statement was condemned bythe judge, health experts, and AIDS activists. The popular South African comic strip,Madam &Eve,and well knownpolitical cartoonist,Zapiro,repeatedly lampooned the matter. HIV educatorsemphasised that this would do nothing to prevent HIV transmission.[72]

On 8 May 2006, the court found Zuma not guilty of rape, agreeing with Zuma that the sexual actin question wasconsensual.Judge van der Merwe lambasted theaccuserfor lying to the court,but also censured Zuma for his recklessness.
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