Jacksonian Jacksonian DemocracyDemocracyChapter 10, Section 1Chapter 10, Section 1

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Election of 1824Election of 1824 Several Republican candidates ranSeveral Republican candidates ran Three were favorite sons (supported by home states Three were favorite sons (supported by home states

rather than national party)rather than national party) Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, & John Quincy AdamsHenry Clay, Andrew Jackson, & John Quincy Adams

No one candidate received majority of electoral voteNo one candidate received majority of electoral vote House prepared to vote to decideHouse prepared to vote to decide Clay & Adams made an agreement to use Clay’s Clay & Adams made an agreement to use Clay’s

influence as Speaker of the House to help get influence as Speaker of the House to help get Adam’s elected over JacksonAdam’s elected over Jackson

John Quincy AdamsJohn Quincy Adams was was elected presidentelected president

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Election of 1824Election of 1824

Political Parties 1828Political Parties 1828 Democratic Democratic

RepublicansRepublicans Supported Andrew Supported Andrew

JacksonJackson Favored states’ rights Favored states’ rights

& mistrusted strong & mistrusted strong central governmentcentral government

Many Democrats Many Democrats were frontier people, were frontier people, immigrants, or city immigrants, or city workersworkers

National RepublicansNational Republicans Supported John Quincy Supported John Quincy

AdamsAdams Wanted strong central Wanted strong central

governmentgovernment Supported federal Supported federal

measures, such as road measures, such as road building & a national building & a national bank, that would help the bank, that would help the economyeconomy

Many were merchants or Many were merchants or farmersfarmers

Election of 1828Election of 1828

Both parties resorted to mudslinging or Both parties resorted to mudslinging or attempts to ruin their opponents attempts to ruin their opponents reputationreputation

John C. Calhoun (Adam’s former VP) John C. Calhoun (Adam’s former VP) switched parties & with Jacksonswitched parties & with Jackson

Jackson won votes of frontier people & Jackson won votes of frontier people & Southerners = won in a landslideSoutherners = won in a landslide

Election of 1828Election of 1828

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Election of 1828: State ResultsElection of 1828: State Results

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What helped Jackson be What helped Jackson be elected?elected?

Jackson became a national hero during the Jackson became a national hero during the War of 1812War of 1812

His nickname was “Old Hickory” because he His nickname was “Old Hickory” because he was as tough as a hickory treewas as tough as a hickory tree

Jackson was seen as a “common man” and Jackson was seen as a “common man” and small farmers, craft workers, & others small farmers, craft workers, & others supported himsupported him

Suffrage, or the right to vote, had been Suffrage, or the right to vote, had been expandedexpanded Property requirements for voting were relaxed or Property requirements for voting were relaxed or

eliminatedeliminated

Jackson’s InaugurationJackson’s Inauguration

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Spoils SystemSpoils System ““To the Victor Goes the Spoils”To the Victor Goes the Spoils” President Jackson replaced many federal President Jackson replaced many federal

workers with his supportersworkers with his supporters Goal of the Democrats = shake up the Goal of the Democrats = shake up the

federal bureaucracyfederal bureaucracy They thought ordinary citizens could handle They thought ordinary citizens could handle

any government jobany government job Spoils System = practice of replacing Spoils System = practice of replacing

government employees with the winning government employees with the winning candidate’s supporters candidate’s supporters

““To the Victor Goes the Spoils”To the Victor Goes the Spoils”

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Kitchen CabinetKitchen Cabinet

Jackson put unqualified people in his Jackson put unqualified people in his Cabinet & did not meet with themCabinet & did not meet with them

He met with other advisors in the kitchen He met with other advisors in the kitchen of the White House. of the White House.

These advisors became known as the These advisors became known as the Kitchen CabinetKitchen Cabinet

A Crisis Over TariffsA Crisis Over Tariffs Tariff: a fee paid by merchants who imported Tariff: a fee paid by merchants who imported

goodsgoods Tariff of Abominations: name Southerners Tariff of Abominations: name Southerners

gave to the highest tariff evergave to the highest tariff ever It was passed to protect Northern manufacturers It was passed to protect Northern manufacturers

from foreign competition (Americans were more from foreign competition (Americans were more likely to buy American-made goods)likely to buy American-made goods)

South had to pay higher prices for European South had to pay higher prices for European goodsgoods

How did the How did the South Protest South Protest

the Tariff?the Tariff?

V.P. John C. Calhoun argued that V.P. John C. Calhoun argued that a state or a group of states had a state or a group of states had the right to nullify, or cancel, a the right to nullify, or cancel, a federal law it considered against federal law it considered against state interestsstate interests

Some Southerners call for Some Southerners call for Southern states to secede, or Southern states to secede, or break away, from the U.S.break away, from the U.S.

Nullification CrisisNullification Crisis Nullification: the idea that a state Nullification: the idea that a state

had the right to cancel a federal had the right to cancel a federal law it considered unconstitutionallaw it considered unconstitutional

Congress (1832) passed a new Congress (1832) passed a new lower tariff & Pres. Jackson had lower tariff & Pres. Jackson had Congress pass a Force Bill, Congress pass a Force Bill, allowing military action to enforce allowing military action to enforce acts of Congressacts of Congress

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John C. Calhoun

Nullification CrisisNullification Crisis

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QuestionsQuestions

Write Three “Deep” Questions (no “yes or Write Three “Deep” Questions (no “yes or no” or simple answers)no” or simple answers)

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.