izdj.kizdj.kizdj.kizdj.k 2 jsjsjsjs

lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk vk

fL=;kaph fLFkrh lq/kkj.;klkBh leku gDdklkBh lekurslkBh R;kapk fodkl >kyk

ikfgts-

L=hyk lektkr ekukps LFkku feGkys ikfgts rh ns’kklkBh euq”; cGkph fufeZrh

djr vlrs- fryk loZ Fkjkrwu lkg; feGkys ikfgts- ns’kkP;k yksdla[;sP;k v/khZ

ykssdla[;k fL=;kaph vlrkauk R;kaph izxrh ukgh Eg.kts ns’kkph izxrh ukgh- ns’kkph

izxrh Ogkoh vls okVr vlsy rj L=hph izxrh >kyh ikghts ;k loZ xks”Vhps Kku

feGo.;klkBh lnj lektkpk fodkl gks.;klkBh lacaf/kr lkfgR;kph xjt o egÙo

vkgs-

2222----2222 la’kks/kukpk vk

la’kks/kukph iqujko`Ùkh gksow u;s Eg.kwu iw.kZ la’kks/kukpk vk

2222----3333 lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk o la’kks/kukpk lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk o la’kks/kukpk lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk o la’kks/kukpk lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk o la’kks/kukpk vk

vlY;kpk vkjksi lektkrY;k fof’k”V Lrjkoj tx.kkÚ;k izR;sd ys[kdkoj djrk

;sbZy i.k T;k okrkoj.kkr rks txrks R;krys ek.klkP;k eukpk Bko ?ks.kkjs dqBys

y{k.kh; vuqHko R;kus vkiY;k ys[kukrwu fViys vkgsr] vkf.k dls O;Dr dsys vkgsr

rs igk.ks egÙokps] vkRepfj=kaps ys[ku rs tj thoukr vkysY;k vuqHkok’kh beku

Bsowu fyfgysys vlsy rj] R;k ,dkp {k.kh rh vuqHko fp=s oS;fDrdgh vlrkr]

vkf.k lkekftdgh vlrkr- euq”; gk izkeq[;kus vorhHkksorhP;k ifjfLFkrhrwu ?kM.kkjk

izk.kh vlrks- R;k n`”Vhus ^fpÙkj dFkk* gh ,d nfyr lektkrhy L=hph vkRedFkk

vkgs-

lkekftdrsP;k n`”Vhus ikgkrk] MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj ;kaph rRos o

R;kaph f’kdo.k ;kaP;k’kh iqjs beku jk[k.kkjs gs ifgysp vkRepfj= vkgs- iwoZ Li`’kkauh

vkiys nfyri.k dls fuiVwu dkGdkos vkf.k

bPNk vlks ulks loZ lektkyk lUeku dj.;kl Hkkx ikMkos v’kh R;kaph mxz

vkOgkukRed Hkwfedk gksrh- o.kkZUrjkph vkf.k /kEkkZaUrjkph gh ?kks”k.kk gksrh- Lor%P;k

vk;q”;kr] Lor%P;k drZ`Rokus R;kauh loZ lektkdMwu vlk lUeku gDdkus feGoyk

gksrk- R;kaP;k /kekZarjkekxs ghp Hkwfedk gksrh- ;kp n`”Vhus ckcklkgsckaph f’kdo.k [kÚ;k

vFkkZus vksG[wku vkiY;k thoukr rh T;kauh fu”Bsus vkpjyh v’kk lPpk vuq;k;kae/;s

‘kkarkckbZ dkacGs ;kaph tkxk Qkj ojph vkgs-

iUukl o”kkZiwohZ uktqdkckbZP;k eukr f’k{k.kkps cht :tys- R;kauk f’k{k.kkph

xksMh ykxyh- udGr ;k xksMhpk fodkl thou fu”Bsr >kyk- ijaijsus yknysyh dkes

rj djk;ph ukghrp i.k eksy etqjhgh djk;ph ukgh- f’k{k.kkP;k] ckSf/kd {ks=kr

jkgk;ps vlk eukpk fu’p; >kyk-

vk/kh eukps vkf.k uarj O;DrheRokps nfyrRo iqjrs xGwu iM.;kph gh dgk.kh

vkgs- uktqdkckbZ R;kosGP;k OgukZD;qyj Qk;uy ifj{ksr ifgY;k QVD;kr ikl

>kY;k- f’k{kd Eg.kwu dke dsys- ex Vªsfuax >kys- uarj eq[;k/;kfidk >kY;k oxZp

uOgs rj lkjh ‘kkGkp vkn’kZ dj.;kps ozr R;kauh vaxkoj ?ksrys- irhyk vkiY;k

ozrkr lgHkkxh d:u ?ksrys- ‘ksoVh R;k ‘kkGk rikl.kh vf/kdkjh >kY;k o R;kp

inko:u fuo`Ùk >kY;k fBdfBdk.kh R;kaps mRLQwrZ xkSjo] fujksi laekjaHk >kys- Lor%ph

drZckxkjh nk[kowu f’k{k.k {ks=kr R;kauh yksdkapk vknj vkf.k ftOgkGk gDdkus izkIr

d:u ?ksryk- Lor%P;k {ks=kr R;kauh ckcklkgsckapk uewuk okxwu] vkf.k ;’kLoh d:u

nk[koyk-

‘kkarkckbZph gh dzkarh R;kaP;k thoukr lq{ei.ks vkf.k [kksyoj d’kh iljyh

gksrh] ;kps la;ei.ks euksK fp= ;k vkRedFksr feGrs- f’k{k.kkus ‘kkarkckbZ t’kk Lora=

vkf.k vkRefuHkZj >kY;k rlkp Lokra= vuqHko.;klkBh vko’;d rks ifjiDo d.k[kj

i.kkgh R;kaP;k o`Rrhr vkyk- nksUgh cktwP;k ukrsokbZdkaps R;kauh fjrlj lkjs dsys- i.k

R;k fyIrkG;kr xqarwu iMY;k ukghr- vkiys dqVqac R;kauh vVdj Bsoys- eqykauk

f’k{k.kkdMs oGoys- R;kaph lokZr eksBh dlksVh rh irhus nqljs yXu dsY;koj- ;k loZ

dBh.k izlaxh R;kaps lkjs ‘kgk.ki.k i.kkyk ykxys- la;e lksMk;pk ukgh- LokfHkekugh

lksMk;pk ukgh- rkB jkgk;ps i.k lalkj eksMk;pk ukgh- vfHktkr lqlaLd`r vkf.k

rstLoh o`Rrhus R;kauh gs fnO; ikj ikMys- rs dls ;kps jkgwu jkgwu vk’p;Z okVrs

vkf.k R;kaP;kfo”k;h vknj okVrks-

lkekftdrscjkscj lkfgR; {ks=krgh gh [kkl viwoZ ?kVuk vkgs- ;kr nq%[k] d”V

vkgsr i.k rh nq%[kk d”Vkph dgkuh ukgh- gh ijdzekph dgk.kh vkgs- ;kr xk< [kksy

;kruk vkgsr- i.k ;krukps mekGs vkf.k vkdzani.ks ukghr- nq%[k dqjokGr cl.ks rj

ukghp ukgh- ;kekxs leatl ‘kgk.ki.kk vkgs- nq%[kkeqGs okpdkyk vLoLFk d:u

Vkd.;kph Qkj eksBh rkdn g;k ys[kukr lnSo tk.kor jkgrs- miek&mRisz{kkapk lksl

ukgh- T;k oLrhr ‘kkarkckbZps ckyi.k xsys R;k oLrhrY;k :< xzkeh.k cksyhr R;kauh

lq:okrhps dFku dsys vkgs] vkf.k f’kf{kdsP;k is’kkr- izek.kHkk”ksr thoukrys O;ogkj

lq: >kY;kuarj dFkukph Hkk”kkgh cnyyh vkgs- Hkk”kkapk gk lka/kk thoukrY;k fujkG;k

oG.kkoj brD;k lgtrsus cnyyk vkgs dh] uO;k thoukrY;k ?kVuk uos okrkoj.k

vkf.k R;kuq:i cnysyh Hkk”kk gs lkjs ,dtho gksÅu vkys vkgs- mxhpp cksyhP;k

vokLro vfHkekukus R;kauh vkiyh lxGh dFkk ckyi.kkP;k cksyhr lkaxk;pk vkxzg

/kjyk ukgh-

nfyr lektkrY;k f’k{k.k fo’ks”kr% f’k{kdkaP;k xq.koRrsfo”k;h izokn mBo.;kr

/kU;rk eku.kkP;k rFkkdfFkr lqf’kf{kr lektkyk ns[khy ‘kkarkckbZ lkj[;k f’kf{kdsus

vkiY;k xkokr ;kos] vkf.k vkiY;k eqykeqyhaps f’k{k.k djkos vls okV.;kbrdh

drZcxkjh R;kauh nk[koyh- ^fo|s okpwu xrh xsyh* gk ek- QqY;kapk vktUe pkyysyk

vkdzks’k gksrk- fo|kfoHkwf”kr Ogk gs iqT; MkW- vkacsMdjkapa lrr lkax.ka gksr- gh fpRrj

dFkk okprkuk g;k egkiq:”kkaP;k ri’p;Zsyk vkysya QG vkgs vla okVra-

2222½½½½ feVysyh dokMsfeVysyh dokMsfeVysyh dokMsfeVysyh dokMs

ysf[kdk %& eqDrkckbZ loZxksMeqDrkckbZ loZxksMeqDrkckbZ loZxksMeqDrkckbZ loZxksM

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nfyrki;Zar ikspr ukghr- dkj.k R;kph ekfgrh ulrs- R;k loyrh R;kauh xfjckauk

lkafxrY;k- lekt lsosrhy mf.kok vkf.k xjtk o nfyrkaps n;uh; thou okpdkiqkysyk vkgs- R;kauh lektdk;Z dsys rs

iq

,[kknh eqyxh mH;kuap R;kaP;k ikVhoj f’kaiMh- v’kh gh f’kork f’kor ikGyh

tk;ph-

vk”kk

eqacbZgwu bLykeiwj ;sFks cnyh >kY;kuarj VkiVhi vkf.k O;oLFkhr vl.kkÚ;k

v’kk ikp lgk o”kkZaP;k eqykyk f’k{kd tkr fopkjrkr- oxkZrhy brj eqys y?kohP;k

lqV~Vhr egkj] egkj Eg.kwu fpMorkr- /kq.kh HkkaMh djk;yk ckbZ feGr ukgh- tkrheqGs

HkkM;kus ?kj feGr ukgh- gk 1947 pk Lokra«;kpk dkG gksrk- Lokra«; feGkya

Eg.kts uDdh dk; >kya] ;kpk xksj&xjhckauk iRrkp uOgrk- jkstph rG;keG;kryh

jkstxkjhp djk;ph gksrh- jkstpa ykpkjhpa ft.kap txk;yk gksra- ck;dksP;k vaxkoj

jkstP;k lkj[kh vktgh fpa/khp gksrh- jkstP;k lkj[kh eqya ukxMh m?kMh gksrh- gkrkr

f’kG;k Hkkdjhpk rqdMk ?ksÅu] ;kr ns’k Lora= dqBs fnlr uOgrk- ex d’kkr ns’k

Lora=\

eqacbZr LFkkf;d gks.kkjkaph jh?k oka>kokrh tu tkxj.kkeqGs f’k{k.kkph

dokMs m?kMyh- ckVysyh Egkjh.k eqlyeku >kY;koj lokZauk vkiY;k gkrpa ljcr

iktw ‘kdrs- firkrgh lxGs i.k ts egkj] ekax vkiY;k /kekZr bekus brokjs jkgrkr-

xko fejorsk rhp foBksckph irkdk fejorkr o brj fganw ts ts miokl djrkr- rs

djrkr R;kauk fganw yksdkiklwu nwj Bsoys tkrs-

eqDrkckbZuh lekt dk;Z djrkuk [kwi =kl lkslyk- efgykauk O;olk; feGkok

Eg.kwu R;kauh nzks.k cuo.;kpk O;olk; lq: dsyk- ijarq vLi`’; efgykauh cuoysys

nzks.k dks.kh u ?ksrY;kua R;kyk dpÚ;kph dqaMh nk[kokoh ykxyh- ijkHkokP;k rMk[;kua

[kpwu u tk.ka gsp [kja thou- lektkph feVysyh dokMa rksM.;kpk iz;Ru dj.;kr

egkRek Qqys Jewu xsys] eg”khZ dosZ Fkdwu xsys] MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj vej gksÅu

xsys-

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ysf[kdspk tUe vKku va/kJ/nsP;k xrsZr vMdysY;k #kyk- ckyi.k vU;k;] vR;kpkj]

vkxfrdrk] vogsyuk lgu djhr xsysys- fL=;kaP;k okV;kyk ;s.kkjs ujdizk¸; thou

R;kaP;kgh okV;kyk vkys- nknklkgsc eksjsP;k lgthoukeqGs R;kaP;krhy ykt] fHk=si.kk

tkÅu R;kauk Lora= fopkj djrk vkyk] rlsp R;kaps Lor%ps O;DrheRo ?kMys-

lkfgR; vkf.k lkekftd pGoGh’kh laca/k vkyk- xksa/kGh tekrhyk fL=;kaps thou

R;kauk tls Hkkoys] vuqHkoys] Hkksxys rlsp ‘kCnc/n dj.;kpk iz;Ru R;kauh dsyk-

lkfgR; {ks=k’kh vkkf.k lkekftd pGoGh’kh eksjasP;keqGs R;kapk laca/k vkyk-

ejkBhrhy ukeoar lkfgfR;dkaiklwu uoksfnr ys[kdkai;Zar lokZpk ifjp; >kyk- R;kaP;k

fopkjkaP;k dk;kZpk izHkko dGr udGr R;kaP;koj iMr xsyk- HkVD;k] foeqDr

pGoGhcjkscjp nfyr] ‘kksf”kr] visf{kr lektkP;k pGoGhe/;s R;kapk okoj gksrk-

foey eksjsuh yXukuarj nknklkgsc eksjs ;kaps ^xckG* gs vkRedFku okpys vkf.k

eksjsaP;k vk;q”;kph] gyk[khph tk.kho >kyh] vkf.k foey eksjsaP;k fopkjkr [kwip

Qjd iMyk- ,joh vkiY;k Hkkot;k HkkokP;k ixkjkoj ?kjkr clwu lq[kkus [kkrkr]

rlsp R;kaps lalkjkfo”k;h LoIu gksrs] ijarq nknklkgsc eksjs yXukvk/kh o yXukuarjgh

dkgh o”ksZ uksdjh /kank djhrp ulr- miklekjhus foey eksjs gSjk.k >kY;k gksR;k] R;kauk

irhpk jkx ;sr gksrk- lektdkj.k dj.;kis{kk R;kauh uksdjh djkoh vls R;kauk okVr

gksrs- R;kizek.ks Jh- eksjs’kh R;kaph ckrphr gksr gksrh- i.k Lor%ps iksV Hkj.ks gk LokFkhZ

fopkj eksjsuk ilar uOgrk vusd HkVD;k] foeqDr tkrh Hkhd ekxwu [kkr gksR;k- Hkhd

feGsuklh >kyh dh ,d xko lksMwu nqlÚ;k xkoh ikya Bksdwu HkVdr gksR;k- R;keqGs

eqykaP;k f’k{k.kkps egRo R;kauk uOgrs- vkiykp Hkhd ekx.;kpk /kank eqykdMs nsÅu

R;kykgh Hkhd ekxwu rqdM;koj iksV Hkjkos ykxr gksrs- iksV Hkj.ks ,o

rj fryk vusd {ks= lkn ?kkyrkr vls eksjsaps er ,sdwu foey eksjsaph

nknklkgscn~nyph J/nk vf/kd n`< >kyh- rs nks?ka thoukr ,desdkauk letwu ?ksr

gksrh- R;keqGs brjkaP;k cksy.;kph xaHkhj n[ky ?ksr uOgrs- eqykauk f’kdok] va/kJ/nsyk

cGh iMw udk- fofo/k tekrhP;k yksdkauh la?kfVr >kya ikfgts- ;kf’kok; ;k HkVD;k

vknhoklhapk fodkl gks.kkj ukgh- gs R;kauh tk.kwu lektkyk letoys- R;keqGs

nks?kkuhgh ;k dk;kZyk okgwu ?ksrys gksrs-

R;kaP;k vk;q”;krhy izR;sd fnol uohu leL;k ?ksÅu mHkk jkgkr gksr- R;k

leL;syk vkf.k thoukr ;s.kkÚ;k Kkr&vKkr iz’ukauk rksaM ns.;kph ftn~n R;kaP;kr

fuekZ.k >kyh gksrh- foey eksjs e/;s fuekZ.k >kysyk vkRefo’okl ifjfLFkrh’kh la?k”kZ

dj.;kph mehZ nsr gksrk- R;keqGs tx.;kpk iz’u R;kauk HksMlkor uOgrk- feGrhy rh

ygku eksBh dkea djkoh ykxr gksrh- rkanwG fuoM.ks] Lo;aikd dj.ks] MCcs cuo.ks]

eqykauk ‘kkGsr lksM.ks] vk.k.ks R;kcjkscj lkekftd dkegh R;k djrp gksR;k- dkj.k

uo lekt fufeZrhpa /;s; R;k nks?kkauh leksj Bsoya gksr- ;k /;s;kph okVpky

[kkp[kGX;kaph gksrh- ;kpk R;kauk vuqHko gksrk- izR;sd vuqHkokrwu R;kaP;krhy

vkRefo’okl vf/kd n`< gksr gksrk- Eg.kwup R;k ifjfLFkrh’kh] thouk’kh la?k”kZ

djk;yk lTt >kY;k-

eksjs nknklkgsc ;kauh uarj uksdjh iRdjyh- uksdjh djrkukgh lekt dk;Z djrk

;srs gs R;kauh vuqHkoys- R;kcjkscj R;kauh vkiyh ‘kS{kf.kd ik=rkgh ok

ykxrs] f’kok; HkkaMh fodwu iSlkgh deokok ykxrks- eqyxk >kyk ukgh rj uoÚ;kpk

NG lkslkok ykxrks- tls dk; frpk ,dVhpkp rks nks”k vkgs- loZp xks”Vhph deh

rjhgh lgu’khyrsph e;kZnk R;k d/khgh vksykaMr ukghr- dke djrp txrkr-

nqlÚ;k Hkkxkr L=hps yXu >kys dh] frps thoup cnywu tkrs frps ukogh

cnyrs- rlsp ;kaps thou cnysys vkgs- nknk eksjsaph fopkjlj.kh thoukdMs c?k.;kpk

n`”Vhdksup cnywu Vkdrs] vkf.k R;kiw.kZi.ks irhP;k dk;kZr lejl gksrkr- Lor%ps

vkRedFku fyfg.;ki;Zar R;kaph ckSf/nd ikrGh okj QqVrks- lektkpk dÍj

fojks/k iRd#u ,[kknh eqyxh f’k{k.k ?ksrs rsOgka frP;k euks/kS;kZpk deky okVrs-

ej.kdGkrwu uotUekpk vadqj QqVrks ;k vkRedFkukrwu xksikG lektkP;k L=h eukps]

frP;k HkkoHkkoukps] lq[knq%[kkps dYyksG ysf[kdsus fpf=r dsys vkgsr- ‘kCnkauh {k.kHkj

ekSu /kjkos o uez Ogkos v’kh gh lkfgR;d`rh vkgs-

lektkus ?kkrysyh ca/kus nfyrkauh >qxk:u fnyh- tukckbZ fxÚgs ;kaP;k eukr MkW-

ckcklkgsck fo”k;h furkar vknj vkgs- R;kaP;kfo”k;h R;k Eg.krkr] rGeGR;k izk.;kauk

xkj lkoGh ns.kkjk] tukojkauk cq/nh izdk’k nsÅu ek.kwl dj.kkjk gkp rks vkn’kZ cq/n]

Hkhe v’kk ;k vkacsMdjkaP;k eqGsp lektkpk m/nkj >kyk- vLi`’; lektkph izxrh

>kyh- ;kph tk.kho ;k nfyr fL=;kauk vkgs- o”ksZuqo”ksZ fgnw /kekZrhy :

ikMO;kP;k l.kk fno’kh Hkhd ekxwu vk.kysyh iqj.kiksGh vkf.k vkeVh dq«;kus

rksaMkrwu dkkMk[kkyh frpa ckGari.k dsya- v’kh

fL=;kaph ijoM vls- iksVkyk vUu uOgrs] Hkhd ekxwu txr gksrs- i.k eqGackaGa [kwi

gohr] tukckbZP;k ofMykauk eqyxk Ogkok Eg.kwu nqljs yXu dj.;kpk lYyk fnyk

tkr gksrk- fuiq=hd Eg.kwu ldkGh R;kaps rksaM igkr ulr- tukckbZ likV ikVhph

Eg.kwu fguoys tkr vls] rj vkbZyk ?kjkr dks.khp cja c?kr uOgrs- tukckbZps oMhy

Eg.kk;ps ^^vkiyh dqBa bLVhd ok;k pkyyh;k- pkj ?kja ekxrq;k rok iksVkyk

feGr;k-** R;keqGs R;kauh nqlÚ;k eqykyk o nqlÚ;k ck;dksyk fojks/k dsyk- R;kaps

yksd R;kapk frVdkjk djk;yk ykxys- nsonsoldh] Hkwrfi’kkPp ;k xks”Vhaoj ;k

lektkpk tcjnLr fo’okl- tukckbZP;k ofMykauh R;kauk ‘kkGsr ?kkyk;ps EgVY;koj

R;kaps eu eksjklkj[ks ukpk;yk ykxys- ‘kkGspk njoktk fnlrkp va/kkjkr ,d okr

fe.kfe.kr vlY;klkj[kh okVyh- ,dnkpk ‘kkGsr izos’k feGkyk- tks lekt

f’k{k.kkiklwu dkslks nwj gksrk] R;kp lektkrhy ,dk xksikGkus] vkiY;k eqyhyk

lokZapk fojks/k iRd:u ‘kkGsr ?kkryh gksrh- ‘kkGsr clY;kuarj izFke tukckbZauk

cafn[kkU;kr vlY;klkj[ka okVk;pa- ekLrj isfUly nsr gksrs i.k rh /kjk;ph d’kh]

dls fygk;ps] dk; fygk;ps gs letr uOgrs- letr gksrs QDr rqdMa ekxk;pa!

f’kG;k VqdM;klkBh [kksVa dla cksyk;pa vku~ ekxk;pa ! vaxkyk dkiM ukgh]

MksD;kpa Mkyxa >kY;kya] vaxkoj eGkpa Hkj vkY;kya- R;koj [kktwu u[ka mBY;kyh-

gs loZ eqya c?kk;yk ykxyhdh ‘kkGsrwu iGwu tkosls okVk;ps- i.k ?kjh ofMykapk

/kkd vlY;kus ekLrkjkapk MksGk pqdowu xkokr Hkhd ekxk;ph vkf.k unhyk tkÅu

[kkr clk;ph] gs eqykauh ekLrkjakuk lkafxrys] ekLrjkauh ofMykauk] ofMykauh ykdMkus

ekj fnyk- R;keqGs ijr ‘kkGk pqdoyh ukgh- ldkGhp Hkhd ekxwu feGsy rs [kkÅu

‘kkGsr tkr gksR;k- lgkekgh ijh{kk ?ksrY;kuarj ekLrjkauh Nku EgVya- vkf.k gs Nku

Eg.k.ka iqkyh- eWVªhd ikl >kyh- Mh-,M- dkWystyk izos’k ?ksryk- rsOgkpa yXu >kys- eqya

>kyh i.k uksdjh nks?kkaukgh uOgrh- uarj tukckbZyk uksdjh feGrs R;kuarj o”kkZauh

uoÚ;kyk uksdjh ykxyh- lalkj djrkuk vusd izlax ;srkr- lkljP;k ukrsokbZdkaps

cksywu ?;kos ykxrs- ;k lokZauk tukckbZ rksaM nsrkr-

5½½½½ ek>h ehek>h ehek>h ehek>h eh

ysf[kdk %& ;’kks/kjk xk;dokM;’kks/kjk xk;dokM;’kks/kjk xk;dokM;’kks/kjk xk;dokM

izdk’ku %& xazFkkyh

vko`Ùkh %& ifgyh 21 ,fizy 2007

voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ Review %&%&%&%&

ekxkloxhZ; lektkr T;k fL=;k f’kdY;k R;k vfr’k; ijkdksVhP;k vMp.kh o

gky vis”Vkauk rksaM nsr- ladVkauk lkeksjh xsY;k- ;’kks/kjk xk;dokM ;kgh R;kiSdhp

,d vkgsr- Lokra«;kiwohZ 1938 pk R;kapk tUe R;keqGs tkrh;oknkP;k pVD;kr

R;kaps ckGi.k gksjiGwu xsysys vkgs- vusd vMp.kh ikj d#u f’k{k.k ?ksÅu f’k{kd

>kY;kuarj Lor%P;k ik;koj mHks jkfgY;kuarj R;kaps Hkksx laiys ukghr- nqlÚ;k ckbZP;k

uknh ykxwu ;’kks/kjkckbZP;k lalkjkph QjiV R;kaP;k irhus dsyh- R;krwugh R;k ikj

iMrkr- ,e-,- ,e- ,M- i;Zar vkiyh ‘kS{kf.kd ik=rk ok

vk;q”;kr d qBsgh fnlys ukgh-* R;kauk okVrs] T;kaP;k vaxh fufHkZMi.kk] Li”VksDri.kk

vkf.k ek.kqldh vlrs- R;kaps f[kls usgehp fjdkes vlrkr-

xk;dokM ckbZaP;k f’k{k.kkps izsj.kk LFkku R;kaps tUenkrs vkf.k R;kaps ckcklkgsc

vkacsMdj gs gksrs- R;k lkrohyk okMs] ft- Bk.ks dsanzkr ifgY;k vkY;k i.k eqykaP;k

‘kkGsr vkBohyk tkos ykxsy Eg.kwu R;kaP;k ‘kkGsyk iw.kZ fojke feGkyk- eqyxh

Eg.kwu R;kauk iqh ckGari.ka & nq[k.kh] ;klaca/kh fu.kZ; ?;k;pk rj

dq.kkphgh enr ukgh- ‘ksoVh] ^larfr fu;eukps vkWijs’ku djk* vls MkWDVjkauh lqpoys

rjh laefri=koj ikyd Eg.kwu lgh dj.kkjh ek>h ehp- uksdjh dsyh- fuHkkoyh rh eh

,dVhus] eqykaps f’k{k.k dsys] R;kauk ?kMoys] rsgh eh ekÖ;k tcknkjhoj] yXu

>kY;kiklwu vkfFkZd fu.kZ; Lor%p ?ksrys >ksiM;k&?kjs cnyyh rh Lor%P;k fgerhoj

Eg.kwu R;kaP;k vkRedFkukps uko ^^ek>h eh** gsp vl.kkj vls R;kaps er vkgs-

Jhe- xk;dokM ckbZauk vk;q”; txkrkuk vLi`’;rsps pVds clysys vkgsr-

R;kapk tUep 1938 Eg.kts Lokra«;kiwohZpk dkG- MkW- vkacsMdjkaph pGoG tksj /kjr

gksrh- vkf.k vLi`’; lekt mRØkarhP;k ekxkZus pkyysyk gksrk- lgkftdp R;kaP;k

vk;q”;koj MkW- ckcklkgsckaP;k fopkjkpk izHkko iMysyk gksrk- vR;ar gyk[khP;k

ifjfLFkrhr R;kauh eqykauk ok

pknjh dkBhus ljdok;P;k ikolkG;kr ?kjkr ik.;kus vksy vlk;ph R;keqGs eqykauk

vktkji.k ;k;ps loZ loZ izlaxkauk rksaM nsr R;kuh eqykauk eksBs dsys- mPp inkoj

cloys- usgeh okpukr ;sr gksrh] vcyk ukjh i.k] Jhe- xk;dokM ckbZ lkj[kh

fL=;kaph vkRedFkus okpyh dh vcyk ;k ‘kCnkyk rMk tkrks- [kjap dqBsgh ckbZ deh

iMr ukgh- ftFka iMsy frFks mHkhp jgkrs- Lor%yk laHkkGwu lalkj laHkkGrs eqykauk

laHkkGrs vkf.k ns’k laHkkGk;yk enr djrs-

6666½½½½ eh ouoklheh ouoklheh ouoklheh ouoklh

ysf[kdk %& fla/kqrkbZ ldikGfla/kqrkbZ ldikGfla/kqrkbZ ldikGfla/kqrkbZ ldikG

ifgyh vko`Ùkh %& 16 vkWDVksa- 1988

izdk’ku %& lkS- fla/kqrkbZ ldikG

voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ Review %&%&%&%&

nqnsZokP;k HkksoÚ;kr vpkud lkiMysY;k thoukP;k tGR;k fu[kkÚ;ko#u

pky.kkÚ;k fu;rhP;k tcM;kr gkr ?kkywu nkr ekst.kkÚ;k j.kjkfxuh Eg.kts fla/kwrkbZ

ldikG- nqnsZokP;k QsÚ;kr vMdwu ej.kkP;k nkjkr tk.kkÚ;k fla/kwrkbZ vkiY;k

ckGkP;k jM.;kus Hkkukoj ;sÅu vlk thouØe lq# djrkr dh] R;k vkt gtkjksaph

ekrk gksÅu lektlsosps o`Ùk gkrh ?ksÅu ekr`Rokps _.k vusd vukFkkoj djhr vkgsr-

ek.klkp eksBsi.k R;kP;k tx.;koj Bjr vlrs- rks txrks dlk\ dq.kklkBh

txrks\ ;koj rs voyacwu vlr- Lor%lkBh tx.kkjh ek.kla r’kh ykSfdd vFkkZus

esysyh vlrkr- fla/kqrkbZps tx.ks gs Lor%lkBh ukgh- xjhc vkfnoklhps vJw iqlr R;k

vkiya thou txr vkgsr- R;kaP;klkBh ewBilk xksGk djhr vkgsr- R;kaP;kr ,d

leFkZ eukpk leFkZ ek.kwl mHkk djk;pk vkgs- ^^eh ouoklh** gs vkRedFku

lektdk;Z dj.kkÚ;k ek.klkauk fuf’pr izsj.kk ns.kkjs vkgs- R;kaph cq/nh izxYHk vkgs

mÙke dkO; fufeZrh dj.ks gs Qkj eksBs oSf’k”V;- R;kaP;k vaxh vkgs fganh] mnwZ] xzkeh.k

‘kCn R;k piy[ki.ks okijrkr- ‘kCnkoj R;kaph gqder vkgs-

^ouoklh* gk ‘kCn nqgsjh vFkkZus okijyk xsyk vkgs R;k oukr jkg.kkÚ;k Eg.kwu]

o loZ Lodh; vkIrkauh R;kauk nwj yksVys gksrs Eg.kwu ukrs laca/kkdMwu ouoklh- izFke

izFke ukrsokbZdkaP;k izsekph o lgdkjkph rlsp enr] fo’oklkph vis{kk R;kauh dsyh-

ijarq vR;ar funZ;i.ks R;kauk R;kaP;k lkljP;kdMwu o l[[kh vkbZ vlwu vkbZdMwu

nqtsi.kkph okx.kwd feGkyh- ljG ogkr vlysY;k ik.;kyk vMFkGk fuekZ.k dsyk]

rj rs Lor% vkiyk ekxZ cnyrs o nqlÚ;k ekxkZus ogkr tkrs- fla/kw rkbZaP;k ckcrhr

rlsp ?kMys- R;kauk ukrsokbZd o irh] vkbZ ;kauh toG dsys ukgh- Eg.kwu R;k FkkacY;k

ukghr- R;kauh vkiY;k tohukpk izokg cnyyk] R;k fonzksgh cur xsY;k vU;kfo:/n

R;kauh fonzksgh Hkwfedk ?ksryh- xjhc vkfnoklhaP;k tfeuh R;kauk feGowu fnY;k] R;kaP;k

‘ks.k[krkyk ;ksX; rks Hkko feGowu fnyk- R;klkBh R;kaP;krhy [kaHkhj L=h mHkh

jkfgyh-

R;kaP;koj O;fHkpkjkps vkjksi uoÚ;kus dsY;kuarj R;kauk tkx.ks vlgk¸; >kys-

R;kauh vkRegRrspk iz;Ru dsyk- ijarq R;kaP;k uotkr eqyhus R;kauk R;krwu ckgsj

iMk;yk ekxZ nk[koyk- tUeY;kiklwu u jMysyh rh ckyk vkbZP;k MksG;krhy xje

vJqP;k Li’kkZus /kk; eksdGwu jMyh vkf.k fla/kqrkbZ Hkkukoj vkY;k- ;sbZy R;k

ifjfLFkrhpk lkeuk djr txY;k- Hkhd ekxwu vukFk eqykaps iksV Hkjys- R;kauk laHkkGwu

R;kaph tckcnkjh Lor%oj ?ksryh th vukFk fnlrhy] R;kauk vkiY;k dosr ?ksrys-

ek;sP;k eersus R;kauk [kkÅ fiÅ ?kkywu R;kauk f’k{k.k nsowu R;kaph yXus d:u R;kaps

lalkj mHks d:u fnys- R;k vusdkaP;k ekrk >kY;k- R;kauh d”V] miklekjhph rek

ckGxyh ukgh- vgksjk= vukFk] ‘ksrdkjh] d”Vdjh] vknhoklh ;kaP;klkBh >Vr

jkfgY;k gs loZ djr vlrkuk izfl/nhph gko R;kauh d/khp dsyh uOgrh-

esG ?kkVkrhy jfgok’kkaP;k Toyar leL;kdMs ‘kklukps y{k os/k dj.;kdfjrk

izk.kkafrd miks”k.kkpk fu.kZ; ?ksryk- taxykr jkg.kkÚ;k jfgok’kauk ?kjs cka/k.;kdfjrk

ykdwM QkVk QqdV ns.;kph O;oLFkk dsyh- jfgok’;kaP;k mithfodsdfjrk tehu QqdV

fnyh- vuksG[kh ikÅy okV BspdkGr] jDrcackG gksr R;k pkyr jkfgY;k- vksB

?kV~V nkcwu osnuk lgu dsyh-mlus glr xsY;k- nqlÚ;kauk gloya] i.k vkiya eu

vkdzanr jkfgya- dq.kkykgh u dGr R;kaP;k ifrjktkauh R;kap Ogkoa] tho ykokok]

R;kaP;klkBh dkgh djkoa vla izd”kkZua tk.koys- i.k rhu efgU;kauh fnokGhlkBh ?kjh

vkysys R;kaps irh R;kauk u HksVrkp ijr taxykr Eg’kh ?ksÅi fu?kwu xsys gksrs-

MksG;kr rsy ?kkywu Eg’khaps laxksiu dj.kkÚ;k irhus ,d utj R;kaP;kdMs Bsoyh

vlrh rj \ gk R;kaP;k uf’kckpk Hkkx gksrk- ok?kkuh Eg’khph f’kdkj d: u;s Eg.kwu

n{k vl.kkjs R;kaps ^gs* ?kjkrys ykaMxs :ih ukryx mH;kuh rksMr vlrkuk rksaMkrwu

^cz* lq/nk dk

rqVwu iM- dks.kragh pkaxy dke djrkuk ekxs iqkysyh eh nsorkgh ukgh fdaok vls ifrnsoph yyuk* gs ekuys rjh

ikjaikfjd xqykegh ukghr- ^vls R;k Li”Vi.ks fyfgrkr-

var% LQksV ;k dFkk laxzgke/;s ,dw.k 9 dFkk vkgsr- izR;sd dFksrwu R;kauh

lektklkBh lektkrhy nqcGk letyk tk.kkjk L=h oxkZlkBh mins’k vkf.k MksGs

m?kM.kh dsysyh vkgs- lkfo=hozrkP;k dFksr R;k Eg.krkr] ^,drjh lkfo=hozr dj.kkjh

L=h eqn~nke eksGh foD;kyk irh fuoMrs dk;\ R;kaph lkaifrd fLFkrh dk;\ tehu

tqeyk fdrh\ lksuauk.ka fdrh\ loZp ikgrkr- eqyhps vkbZoMhy R;klkBh HkjelkBh

gqaMk nsrkr- lkfo=hua rj fcpkjhus eksGh foD;k irhykp Lohdkjya gksra- nfjnzh

irhlkBh frpk vkxzg gksrk ,o

laLd`r dFks e/;s tkrhP;k ik’oZHkwehoj laLd`r Kkukph feGdr vk|kor

foy{k.k okVrs- ‘kqnzkrhy vaR;t tkrhP;k L=hus laLd`r f’kdkoa vkf.k f’kdoko] gh

ijaijkxr eukyk u iV.kkjh Hk;kud folaxrh okVrs- dsoG tkr vLi`’; vlY;kus

laLd`r fo”k; f’k{k.kkpk vf/kdkj ctkorkuk feGr ukgh- R;klkBh [kwi >xMkos

ykxrs- ‘ksoVh ,e-,-yk laLd`r fo”k; ?;k;yk feGrks- dkWyst e/;s fo|kF;kZauk

f’kdorkuk vusd mPpo.khZ;kdMwu Vkse.ks ,sdkos ykxrkr- lo.kZ fganqP;k oLrhrys

yksd Vkse.ks nsr vlr- ^lkys /ksMs Hkh cMh ‘kkuls dkWyst i

[kjap Qqys gksÅu xsys dk ;k dFksr R;kauk inksinh tk.koysyh- tkrhokn

Hkkjrkr jkgk dh Hkkjrkckgsj tk- vQkV fo’okP;k n’kZukus ns[khy T;kaph ers cnyr

ukghr- R;kauk fopkjkosls okVrs-

rqEgh ik.;kyk dla ikfo= ekurk\ dkj.k panzkoj tkÅu ns[khy vkiys ladqfpr

tkrh; /keZdkj.k foljysys ukghr- gk ladqfpri.k ?kkyo.;klkBh R;kauk okVrs- ?kjks?kjh

L=h gh ^izfrQqys* Ogk;yk goh- dkj.k QqY;kaP;k _.kkrqu eqDr gks.;klkBh QqY;kaph

rRoiz.kkyh d`rhr vk.kY;kf’kok; egkjk”Vªh;u L=hyk rj.kksik; ukgh-

ca/kukP;k iyhdMs vartkZrh; fookg dsysY;k r:.k r:.khapk n`< fu’p; vkf.k

fiz;djkfo”k;h vlysys izse] J/nk ;kapk flekar ulysyk fo’okl uO;k ;qxkr

ca/kukP;k iyhdMs lgti.ks tk.kkÚ;k uojk L=hpk leFkZ vfo”dkj fnlwu ;srks-

ek fu”kknP;k dFksr dzkaspo/kkcn~ny fu”kknkyk okYehdhuh ‘kki fnyk- i.k ^thoks

thoL; thoue~* gh rh tk.kho- gs tx.;kpa rRoKku fu”kknkaua vaxh dkjysya gksra-

lektO;oLFksr ns[khy f’kdkj gsp R;kP;k tx.;kpa lk/ku Bjysya- f’kdkjhojp R;kph

iksjckGa txrkr- ,o

vkgs- dkj.k R;k ‘kkikrwup R;kyk lans’k feGrks vkgs- ^ek fu”kkn izfr”BkFkZ Roefi

xe% dkrjRoe~* ¼gs fu”kknk] izfr”BslkBh rw ns[khy dkrj cuw udksl½-

‘kjnkrhy ,d ldkG nqikj vkf.k lk;adkG & tkrhckgsj yXu Eg.kts myV

/kjysY;k isVR;k e’kkyhlkj[ks gksrs- ;k ns’kkr dks.kR;kgh /kekZpk ek.kwl tkrhP;k

tkf.kosua >ikVysyk vkgs- gh tk.khop u”V Ogk;yk goh- ek.kwl] ek.kwl Eg.kwu

tUeyk- tkr Eg.kwu ukgh dh /keZ Eg.kwu ukgh- gs uarj R;kyk fpdVys rks tUeY;koj]

vkf.k Eg.kwu tks dks.kh Lor%yk ek.kwl letwu tkrhph] /kekZph rdyknw csxMh] ca/kua

rksMw ikgrks rks ysf[kdsyk LokxrkgZ okVrks-

lektkr tkrh ikrhP;k fHkarh d’kk etcwr vkgsr] vkf.k R;k nfyrkauk d’kk

vlg¸; okVrkr] R;kaP;k ekxkZrhy d’kk vMlj gksrkr] ;kps o.kZu izR;sd dFksrwu

vkysys vkgs- ek.kwl Js”B dh R;kph tkr Js”B\ loZ ;krk;krh ek.klklkBhp

vlrkr- ex ek.klkcjkscj tkr dk fpdVoyh tkrs\ R;keqGs ek.klkP;k izxrhyk

[khG clyh- vkf.k gh tkr xsyh ukgh rj iqkys-

izR;sd O;Drhp tx.k gs lkekftd okLro vkgs- ;k n`”Vhus R;kaP;k tx.;kdMs

lektkus igko v’kh R;kaph vis{kk vkgs-

/kekZrjkus nsokafndkaP;k ewrhZP;k tkxh cq/n&vkacsMdj izfrekauk clowu] R;kauk

Qqya&gkj okgrkuk vk/khP;k lo;hizek.ks dkgh ekxk;yk] uol djk;yk] lkdMa

?kkyk;yk thHk mpyyh ukgh- iqkysys

lekt eukps ifjorZu mPp of.kZ;kauk /kDdk ns.kkjs gksrs- gk /keZ ulwu thouekxZ

lkax.kkjk] lkekftd ‘kDrh vlysyk /kEe vkgs] vkf.k R;k ifjfLFkrhr R;k lektkyk

uohup gksrs-

^IyWfLVdpa ;qx ;s.;kiwohZ lqia] ijM;k] gkjs] djaMs b- ckcwaP;k oLrwps egRo

gksrs- ;k oLrqpa lkekU; :i Eg.kts ^vk;nku*- dksd.kkr gk O;olk; vuqlqfpr

tkrhaP;k ;knhr vlysY;k ^egkj* ;k tkrhdMs gksrk- dk rs ekfgr ukgh i.k vktgh

{kh.k >kyk rjh fVdwu vkgs-

nfyr lektkrhy L=hus 1981 iklwu vkRedFkus fygk;yk lq:okr dsyh-

R;kauh HkksxysY;k O;Fkk] osnuk ;k lkekftd o dkSaVqafcd v’kk Lo:ikP;k gksR;k-

vkfFkZd p.kp.k rj R;kaP;k ikpohyk iqtysyh gksrh- dkG iq

fikyh ukgh- ijarq ‘kkGk f’kdrkuk

iwohZlkj[kk =kl >kyk ukgh dh uksdjh ykxrkuk iwohZpk =kl >kyk ukgh- Lokra«;kuarj

MkW- ckcklkgsckauh r;kj dsysY;k lafo/kkrwu cgqtu lektkyk lks;h] lqfo/kk o vkj{k.k

feGw ykxys- R;keqGs R;kaP;k lkBh vusd can dokms m?kMyh xsyh- R;k m?kMysY;k

dokMkrwup mfeZyk ckbZus izos’k dsysyk vkgs- R;keqGs lektkr txrkuk rsoqMikvkM rh vktgh nck /k:u clysyh vkgs- Hkj/kko ogkukrwu tk.kkÚ;kauk frps

fgaL= MksGs fnlys ukghr rjh ik;h pky.kkÚ;kauk rs fnlrkr- vkf.k dkGht gyorkr-

vktP;k nfyr L=hP;k tx.;kps izokg nksu vkgsr- ,d jLR;kP;k dMsyk] LVs’kukr]

?kk.khr] iksjkVksjkauk dMs&[kka|koj ?ksowu Hkhd ekxr txr vkgs- gh dkckM d”V d:u

vkiY;k eqykauk ‘kkGsr ikBors- brdp uOgs rj v’kk fL=;kaiSdh dkght.kh eqykauk

baxzth ‘kkGsr ikBowu] ifjfLFkrh’kh teowu ?ks.;kpk iz;Ru djr vkgsr- nqlÚ;k

izokgkryh frP;k ojP;k Lrjkryh L=h f’kdyh- frP;k lkj[;k dkgh t.kh uksdÚ;k

d: ykxY;k- nfyr L=h iq:”kkaP;k uksdÚ;keqGs R;kapk vkfFkZd Lrj FkksMk mapkoysyk

fnlrks- iUukl o”kkZiwohZ nfyr nfyrsrj lektkr vlysys ‘kaHkj o”kkZps varj fuEE;koj

vkys vkgs- vkf.k ;kp VII;koj tkxfrdhdj.k] [kktxhdj.k o /kkfeZd lRrsps

dsanzhdj.k ;krwu th Li/kkZ mHkh jkfgyh vkgs- R;keqGs iq

fodwu ts pkj iSls ;srhy R;kP;k lalkj mi;ksxh v’kk iqM;k iqM;krwu oLrw vlr-

tkrk ;srk lxG;k xkokpk bfrgkl okpyk tk;pk vkf.k ;srkuk cktkjkpk- R;k

cksy.;kP;k uknkr R;k nksu nksu ?kkV;k pkY;kuarj fluy VsdMhoj vLi`’; eqykalkBh ‘kkGk lq: >kyh

gksrh- frFks f’k{kd cuys- ;kaph eksBh cfg.k gh pkSFkh i;Zar f’kdyh gksrh- lkojdjkaP;k

izsj.ksus ifrrikou eanhjkr ^Li`’;&vLi`’; lgHkkstukps dk;Zdze jkcor- lkojdj

jRukfxjhr gksrs- rsOgkpa 1926 yk MkW- vkacsMdjkauh egkMyk lR;kxzg lq: dsyk-

eqyhauh uksdjh djkoh v’kh ckckaph bPNk gksrh Eg.kts MkW- vkacsMdjkaP;k fopkjkpk

ixMk lektkoj iMr gksrk- /kekZarj Eg.kts dk; ekfgr ulwugh yksdkauh /kekZarj dsys

nso/kekZps] Hkqrk[ksrkaP;k izphrhps vlys izdkj iqkyk gksrk- mfeZyk

rkbZauh ,e-,-yk izos’k ?ksryk vkf.k gfj’panzyk okVys vkiyh ck;dks vkrk vkiY;k

iqkyh- mfeZyk

iokjkauk dFkk dforkaP;k vH;klkph u’kk pkyk- vkf.k lalkjkr nks?kkar

nqjkok fuekZ.k >kyk- eSf=.kh xzqie/;s L=hyk mHka jkgk;yk gok vlysy enrhpk gkr

R;kauk feGkyk- L=hdMs fdaok iq:”kkdMs ,d O;Drh ,o

Hkkousus c?k.;kph vkf.k rla okx.;kph rkdn L=h eqDrh pGoGhrwu R;kauk feGkyh-

eSf=.khaP;k lgoklkr vkacsMdjh fopkjkapk etcwr /kkxk vlk;pk- R;kauh lHkk] nfyr

oLrhr dk;ZØe nfyr fL=;kaP;k pGoGh vls lektdk;Z dsys- fgjk culksMs] feuk{kh

ewu ;kaP;k lkscr efgykaP;k la?kVuk mH;k dsY;k rs djrkuk vusd cjsp okbZV vuqHko

vkys-

dFkkysf[kdk Eg.kwu R;kapk cjkp cksyckyk >kyk- R;kaph eqyk[kr ?ks.;klkBh

i=dkj ?kjh vkys- nqljh tkxfrd ejkBh ifj”kn ekWfj’klyk >kyh R;k ifj”knsyk

tk.;kph la/kh R;kauk feGkyh- R;kaP;k dFkkaph fganh] baxzth] xqtjkFkh] rkehG] mnwZ

Hkk”kke/kwu Hkk”kkarja >kyh- R;kaP;k dFkkauk iqjLdkj feGkys- ‘ksoVh R;k Eg.krkr izR;sd

O;Drhpa tx.ks gs lkekftd okLro vkgs-*

9½½½½ ft.ka vkeqpaft.ka vkeqpaft.ka vkeqpaft.ka vkeqpa

ysf[kdk %& csch dkacGscsch dkacGscsch dkacGscsch dkacGs

izdk’kd %& johanz dqyd.khZ

nqljh vko`Ùkh %& 9 es 1990

voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ Review %&%&%&%&

ysf[kdspk fiaM yfyr ysf[kdspk ulwu lekt’kkL=Kkpk vkgs- Lor%P;k lektkps

MksGli.ks vkf.k lgkuqHkwrhus dsysys fujh{k.k- g;k iqLrdkr fygwu BsoY;keqGs-

lekt’kkL=K vkf.k bfrgkldkjkaP;k n`”Vhus ft.ka vkeqpa gh veksy [kk.k Bjsy- vk”kk<

efgU;kr nso&nso ?kjks?kjh vaxkr ;s.;kP;k izFkk] iksrjkt lksM.;kph izFkk] jsM;kph t=k

;kcÌy brj= dqBsgh miyC/k ulysyh ekfgrh lekt’kkL=KkaP;k n”̀Vhus vR;ar eksykph

vkgs-

ft.ka vkeqpa g;k iqLrdkrhy fy[kk.k gs HkksxysY;k voLFksrwu fuekZ.k >kysyk-

‘kCn u~ ‘kCn varjkrwu fu?kkysyk lR;kpk vadqj gks;- gs iqLrd fyfgr vlrkauk MkW-

ckcklkgsckauh /keZ ?ksryk Eg.kts /kekZarjkP;k vk/khph o R;kosGsph lkekftd

ifjfLFkrhpk o R;k dkGP;k /kkfeZd #kysys vkgs-

ft.ka vkeqpa ;k vkRedFkukrwu iUukl o”kkZP;k dkGkrhy dGra vl.kkÚ;k

ckjhdlkjhd xks”Vh u yktrk izR;{k R;kaph ekaM.kh dsyh vkgs] dkj.k iUukl o”kkZP;k

ekxhy egkjkaps gs ft.ka izR;{k dks.kra gksra] dks.krk vuqHko gksrk] rks xqM?;kr eku

?kkywu

la?k”kZ djk* R;kizek.ks R;kus eqykauk f’kdoys] fjiCyhdu i{kke/;s la?kVhr >kys vkf.k

vU;k;kfo:/n la?k”kZ dsyk vkf.k v|ki djr vkgsr-

;k iqLrdkryk lxG;kr egRokpk Hkkx Eg.kts R;kosGP;k egkj thoukps fp=]

ikp lgk o”kkZP;k eqyhaph yXus] R;kapk lkljh gks.kkjk NG] o;kr vkysyh lwu vkf.k

eqyxk g;kaP;kr nqjkok Ogkok Eg.kwu lklwckbZ djhr vlysys vufUor izdkj] iGwu

xsysY;k lqusyk ijr vk.kwu frP;k ik;kr [kksMk ?kky.;kr ;s.ks vkf.k dkghosGka frps

ukdgh dki.;kph Øqj izFkk g;k xks”Vhaps cschckbZauh dsysys ri’khyokj o.kZu Hkkjrkrhy

L=h thou vkf.k Hkkjrh; lekt eu g;koj fonkjd izdk’k Vkd.kkjs vkgs- dsoG

Hkh”k.k okLro fpf=r dj.kkjs xaHkhj iqLrd vkgs vls ukgh- cschckbZaP;k n`”Vhdksukr

vkReh;rk vkf.k rVLFkrk g;kaps larqfyr feJ.k vlY;keqGs vkasxG fdaok

fdGlok.;k xks”Vhr lq/nk xaer R;kauk okVrs- lrr ‘ksacMkpk uG okgr vlysyh

ygku iksjs R;kauk fo’ks”k xaerhnkj okVrkr- vk”kk< efgU;kph tho?ks.kh va?kksG- vkbZP;k

mokfy[kkauh HkjysY;k yqxM;kaps /kq.ks] g;k izlaxkph o.kZus fouksnh mrjyh vkgsr- rlsp

Hk;kud nkfjnz;kr jkg.kkjk egkj Lor%P;k dqVqackrY;k ek.klkacn~ny ^^jktk**] ^^jk.kh**]

^^jktiq=** vls ‘kCn oki:u fouksn vkf.k dYidrsP;k lkgk¸;kus ifjfLFkrhoj dlk

ekr djrks] gs cschrkbZauh vusd fd’’;kae/kwu nk[koys vkgs-

egkj lekt thoukr vkf.k cschckbZaP;k thoukr vFkkZr vkacsMdjkaps LFkku Qkj

eksBs vkgs- vkacsMdjkacn~ny fyfgr vlrkuk cschckbZaP;k Hkk”ksph lgtrk deh gksÅu

izcks/kukpk lwM meVk;yk ykxrks dysP;k n`”Vhus gk nks”k okVr vlyk rjh

vkacsMdjkadMwu thou laiw.kZ fujkG;k ikrGhoj vk.kwu Bso.kkjh fopkjiz.kkyh

cschckbZauk feGkyh- gh xks”V R;kaP;k cnyysY;k ‘kSyhe/;s izd”kkZus tk.kors- cschckbZapk

ykacpk izokl >kyk vkgs- R;k izoklkr ts dkgha R;kauh ikfgya] vuqHkoya rs R;kauh

g;k iqLrdkr ri’khyklg ckjhd fygwu BsoY;keqGs ,jOgh igk;yk feGkys ulrs vls

tx vkiY;kyk igk;yk feGkys g;k cn~ny vki.k R;kaps _.kh vlk;yk gos-

10101010½½½½ txk;pa izR;sd lsdantxk;pa izR;sd lsdantxk;pa izR;sd lsdantxk;pa izR;sd lsdan

ysf[kdk %& eaxyk dsoGseaxyk dsoGseaxyk dsoGseaxyk dsoGs

xazFkkyh izdk’ku Ø- 132-

ifgyh vko`Ùkh 6 fMlsacj 1996-

voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ voyksdu @ Review %&%&%&%&

vkiY;k irhP;k vkBo.kh fyfgrkuk ysf[kdspk izkatGi.kk fnlwu ;srks- LdwVj

vi?kkrkr irhps fu/ku >kY;kuarj ckreh letyh rsOgk irhojhy izsekus R;k oS/kO;

Lohdkjk;yk R;kaps eu r;kj uOgrs- vfr’k; izfrdqy ifjfLFkrhr cwV ikWyh’k d#u

f’k{k.k iw.kZ dj.kkjs ,e-ch-ch-,l- MkW- gks.kkjs R;kaps irh gs lektkoj o fulxkZoj izse

dj.kkjs gksrs- R;kaps thou gs vgadkj ‘kwU; gksrs- R;kauh vusd Nan tksiklys- R;kcÌy

ysf[kdsyk vfHkeku vkgs-

MkW- dsoGs ;kauh vkiY;k iRuhyk vkiY;k thoukps rÙoKku lkafxrys gksrs-

ek.klkps ;k fo’okrhy vfLrRo d.kHkj vkgs- vkf.k ik.;kP;k cqMcqM;klkj[ks

{k.kHkaxqj thou iqkys] uarj R;kauh dyk tksiklY;k] Nan

tksiklys] rs vgadkj ‘kqU; thou txys- R;kauk lektkoj] fulxkZoj izse djk;ps gksrs-

pkaxyk ek.kwl Eg.kwu txk;ps gksrs- R;kauk Lor%cn~ny cksyk;yk fygk;yk vkoMr

uls- rs MkWDVj dls >kys vkf.k R;klkBh dk; dsys] gs lkax.;kph R;kaph bPNk uOgrh

rs Eg.kr eh ts dsys rs Lor% lkBh dsys- i.k Fkksjkauh iz;Ru dsys rs lektklkBh-

vR;ar xjhc ifjfLFkrhr rs eqacbZyk vkys- jkgk;yk ?kj ukgh] iksVkyk vUu ukgh]

QqVikFkojrh jkgwu cwV ikWfy’k d:u iSls dekoys- lk;uyk ,dk fla/kh dqVwackr jkgwu

gjdkE;k Eg.kwu ?kj xM;kps dke dsys R;kauk f’k{k.kkps vfr’k; osM gksrs i.k dks.k

iqjs dj.kkj\ R;kauh Bjoys vkf.k o;kP;k 11O;k o”khZ ifgyh b;Rrsr izos’k feGfoyk-

‘kkGseqGs iw.kZosG dkekpk ek.kwl xsY;kus R;kauh dsoGsauk dkeko:u dkkMw iksrk gh

?kjdkes djr gksrh- R;kaP;k ‘kkGsyk ?kjkrwu fojks/k >kyk- tkLr iS’kkalkBh lkM;k

Nki.;kps dke lksMwu cwV ikWfy’k d: ykxys- iS’kkavHkkoh ‘kkGsps n¶rj d/khp ?ksÅ

‘kdys ukghr- vuok.khp loZ izokl pkyw gksrk- ân;kyk fiG ikM.kkjs vls gs nkfjnz;

rjhgh f’k{k.kkph nqnZe bPNk ek.klkyk vis{khr LFkG izkIr d:u fnY;kf’kok; jgkr

ukgh-

Jh- dsoGsauk >kysY;k jsYos vi?kkrkuarj R;kauh MkWDVj gks.;kps LoIu mjk’kh ckGxys-

vfr’k; d”Vkr fnol ?kkyowu MkWDVj >kys-

eaxyk ckbZaphgh ?kjph ifjfLFkrh vR;ar gyk[khph gksrh vktksckadMs jkgwu R;k f’kdY;k

R;kuarj eqacbZ xkByh] uksdjh /ka|kpk ‘kks/k ?ksryk] egkjk”Vª cWadsr uksdjh feGkyh-

peZdkj] egkj] ekax ;k tkrhauk f’k{k.k uOgrs] R;keqGs uksdÚ;k uOgR;k tehu tqeyk

uOgrk] mRiUukps dks.krsgh lk/ku uOgrs- ikjaikjhd /ka|koj iksV pkyr uOgrs- R;keqGs

;k lektkrhy fL=;kauk vfr’k; gyk[khr fnol dk

2222----4444 izLrqr la’kks/kukps osxGsi.k izLrqr la’kks/kukps osxGsi.k izLrqr la’kks/kukps osxGsi.k izLrqr la’kks/kukps osxGsi.k

dks.kR;kgh lekt Lrjke/;s fL=;kauk mPp ntkZps LFkku uOgrs- R;krwu fryk

nfyr Eg.kwup loZ vf/kdkjkiklwu osxGs Bsoysys vkgs- mPpo.khZ; lektkrhy L=h

is{kk nfyr lektkrhy L=hps nfyr Eg.kwu vkf.k L=h Eg.kwu nqgsjh ‘kks”k.k >kysys

vkgs- gsp ;k la’kks/kukps osxGsi.k vkgs-