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iu: yd
rEm l¾uia:dkuHkaud¾ foaYfhys ^nqreufhys& fpd,úhka k.rfhys
Md-T!la Ñ;a;, mín; wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s
w;smQcH W! wdÑKK ^Md-T!la ihdfvda&
iajdóka jykafia úiska
nqreu niska rpkd lrk ,o
ksnndK .dñkS mámod kï Ndjkd .%ka:fha isxy, mßj;_kh
mßj;_kh weka' tÉ' fmf¾rd uhd'
fidaÿ m;a ne,Su'w;s.re mQckSh kdWhfka wßh Oïu uyd iajdóka jykafia'
mQckSh odiaj;af;a iqukiS, iajdóka jykafia
mQckSh iS,.u {dKiS, iajdñka jykafia'
iu: yd rEm l¾uia:dk
O¾uodkhla jYfhka fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu msKsihs'
mß.Kl wl=re ieliqu (mskaj;a ux.,sld weUq,afoKsh uy;añh'
msgljrh (mskaj;a §md,a ;=is; uy;d
uqøKh (
osuq;= uqøKd,h 103$A kqjr mdr" hlal,' 033-2239662
iu: yd rEm l¾uia:dk
ye|skaùu
—kfud ;iai N.jf;d wryf;d iuud iïnqoaOiai˜
ðkidikx Ñrx ;sgG;= !nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a W;=ï wkqYdikd iys; Ydikh
Ñrd;a ld,hla mj;Sjd!
Md-T!la wdrKHfha Ndjkd jevq fndfyda fhda.djpr msßif.a
wdrdOkdjg wkqj fuu ksíndK .dñkS mámod kï jq .%ka:h
iïmdokh lrkakg fhÿks' fuu wdrKHfha Ndjkd jvk
fhda.djjrhkag lgmdvï fldg ukisldrhg kexúfïÈ fuh
m%fhdackj;a fõh hk n,dfmdfrd;a;=j we;sj wod< O¾u .%ka:
fldgia fufia ms~qfldg ,Sfjñ' fndfyda fia ixCIsma; lrk ,o
ksid fkdf;afrk ;rug m;aúh yelsh' fmd;aj, i|yka mdG
WOD; lrñka ksielju ms<s.; yels f,ig ±k.ekSug wjYH nj
wdrdOkdfjys ,d i|yka jq ksid úia;r wju fldg ,shdoSug isÿúh'
fï rpkfhys ,d my; i|yka fldgia ih wvx.=h'
1) iu: lïuÜGdk fldgi
2) rEm lïuÜGdk fldgi
3) kdu lïuÜGdk fldgi
4) máÉp iuqmamdo lïuÜGdk fldgi
5) ,laLKd§ fldgia i;r
6) úmiaikd fldgi
fï wdldrfhka fldgia yhla fldg úia;r lr we;' tkï
fmd;a ldKav yhls¡ fuys m%:u ldKavfha wdkdmdk l¾uia:dkh"
málal=, ukisldrh" wiaÓl l¾uia:dkh" ´od; lisKh" ffu;%s
l¾uia:dkh" nqoaOdkqiauD;s l¾uia:dkh" wY+N l¾uia:dkh"
urKdKqiauD;s l¾uia:dkh hk fïjd wvx.=h' fuu ish¨
lugyka fuu iu: lïuÜGdk iy rEm l¾uia:dk fldgfiys ,d
ix.%yfldg we;'
ish¨u i;amqreIhkayg ;u ;ukaf.a wNsu;hkag wkqj
Ndjkd jeãug fuh fya;= fõjd!
Md-T!la wdrKHfha
Ñ;a;, mín;fha ihdfvda
nq'j'2549$ls%'j' 1996 ckjdß 20
The Venerable Sayadaw U Acinna of
Pha-Auk Cittala-Pabbata Forest Monastery"
Mudon"Mawlamyine"Myanmar'
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fmr jok
iu: Ndjkdj iïnqÿ iiqfkys uOH l,HdK;djhs' YS,h kï jq
wdÈ l,HdK;dfjys msysgd isg uOH l,HdK jq iu:h jvd
mrsfhdaidk l,HdK jq m%{dj iïmq¾K l< hq;= fõ'
wkqms<sfj<ska" YS,-iudê- m%{d ixLHd; ;%súO l,HdK il,
Ydikh iïmq¾K lrk .sys-meúÈ fn!oaOfhda fn!oafOda;amdo
ld,fhka-ukqIHd;auNdjfhka fkdisia jq ksism, fk,d .ekSug
iu;a fj;s'
wE; w;S;fhays Ys% ,xldoaúmfhys Ndú;d jq Yu:-úo¾Ykd Ndjkd
l%u úY=oaê ud¾.h jeks .%ka:j, i|yka ù we;;a" m%dfhda.sl
jYfhka tys fh§ w;a±lsï ,;a lu_ia:dkdpd¾hhka jykafia,d
iq,Nj fkdue;s nj fkdryils'
nqreu rg fMrdjß ckmofhys ysx;dzg kï Wm k.rfhys" f,-
fp!x .ï mshfiys cks;j <ud jhfiys iiqka.;j fh-Ô ksldfhys
.re Wmiïmod ,dNSj Oïudpßh úNd.h iu;a ù /ka.=ka kqjr
m¾hdma;s ;laIs,dfjys bx.%sis NdId iys; m¾hdma;s O¾uh iïmq¾K
f,i mia jirla ;siafia yodrd blaì;sj úis jirla muK uq¿,aaf,a
lD;-yia; úYdro wdpd¾hhka jykafia,d fj; kej;S Yu:-
úoY_kdfjys mrf;rgu m%.=K fldg.;a w;smqcH wdÑKK
fihdfvda fyj;a Md-T!la fihdfvda kdysñmdKka jykafia wo
ft;sydisl úY=oaê ud¾.fhys tk Ndjkd l%uh w;súYsIag f,i ish-
oyia .Kka-meúÈ fhda.Skayg mqyqKq lrñka jev isák fial'
W;alDIag f,i YsCId .re;ajfhys msysá wdo¾Yj;a ta udysñfhda Èjd
rd;%s wm%udoj YdikdNsjDoaêfhys fhÈ isák fiala ðú;
mß;Hd.fhks'
nqreu rg fud,ñhka Ndjkd uOHia:dkfhaÈ wdpd¾h mqyqKqjla
jYfhka 2010 ckjdß ui 1 fjksod isg udi yhl ld,hla rgj,a
16l iyNd.s;ajfhka meje;ajq úfYaI Ndjkd mqyqKqjg Ys%
,xldoaúmfhka wm iu. iajdñkajykafia,d 15 kula iyNd.sjq
w;r tu wjia:dfõ ksl=;a lrk ,o O¾u .%ka: ;=k w;=ßka —Yu: yd
rEm l¾uia:dk˜ isxy, niska t<s±laúu fuu .%ka:fhka isÿfjhs'
w;smqckSh uyd l¾uia:dkdpd¾h wdÑKK fihdfvda udysñhka
jykafia Ys% ,xldj .ek olajkqfha wiSñ; f.!rjhls' fuu iu:
úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ud¾.h il, fn!oaO f,dalhg fnod yeßug iqÿiq
tlu fn!oaO rg Ys% ,xldoaúmh hhs wjOdrKfhka mjik fiala
lD;{;d mq¾jl f.!rjfhks'
tfia fyhska fuu Ndjkd ud¾.h Ys% ,xld oaúmjdiSka yg mqyqKq
lrjkq msKsi;a iajlSh mYaÑu ld,h úfõlsj .; lrkq msKsi;a Ys%
,xldjg h:d ld,fhaÈ jevu lrúug wfmaCId lrk mqckSh
wdÑKKdNsOdk Md-T!la fihdfvda udysñhka jykafiag ksÿla-
ksfrda.S iqjfhka Y;j¾Idêl ld,hla È>_dhq Y%S w;afõjd'
nqreu rg fuda,ñhka Md-T!la Ñ;a;, mín; Ndjkd
uOHia:dkfha mqyqKq fjñka fï Ndjkd ud¾.h uqÿkgu imqrd.;a
.sys-meúÈ ish-oyia .Kka fhda.Ska we;a;d fiau Ys% ,xldfõo fï
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Ndjkd ud¾.fhka m%;sM, fk,d.ekSug isxy, fn!oaO .sys-meúÈ
ieug wjia:dj ie,fiajd!
fuu iu: yd rEm l¾uia:dk ldKavh isxy,g kexjq ieug;a"
wkq.%dy l< ieug;a wdhqrdfrda.HdÈ Ys% iïm;a w;afõjdæ fï fmd;
lshjk ieug bkaøSh O¾u" n, O¾u jeã Ndjkd ud¾.fha m%;sM,
fk,df.k wê.u,dNs úfï Yla;sh-n,h-jdikdj f;rejka
irKska Wodm;a fõjd!
—Ñrx ;sgG;= ioaOfuud!˜
fuhg fu;e;s"
kdWhfka wßhOïu i:úr
.=KjO_k fhda.dY%u uOHia:dkh
.,aÿj" lyj'
80312
ye¢kaúu
uydl,am wiLH .Kklska wm fj; ,efnk w;s W;=ï iïud
iïnqoaO idikh w;sYhskau b;du;au ÿ¾,Nh' tu ÿ¾,N;ajh ikd:
lrñka ksh; újrK ,nd.;a uy fndai;dKka jykafia,d m%×j wêl kï
idrdixLH l,am ,CIhla nqoaO ldrl O¾uhka oimdrñ O¾uhka& iïmq¾K
lrñkao" ioaOdj wêl fndai;dKka jykafia,d wgdixLH l,am ,CIhla
nqoaO ldrl O¾uhka ^oimdrñ O¾uhka& iïmq¾K lrñkao" ùßh wêl
fndai;dKka jykafia,d fid<id ixLH l,am ,CIhla oi mdrñ O¾uhka
iïmq¾K lrñkao" oi oyila foú nUqkaf.a wdrdOkfhka fuu u`.=,a
ilaj, bmÈ lïiem w;yer wNsKsIal%uKh fldg oUÈj nqoa.hd Y=oaO
N=ñfhaÈ imßjdr udr mrdch fldg i;r ud¾. ×kdÈ ij_×;d ×Kh
mßjdr fldg we;s ixL;" wixL;" ish¨u O¾uhkaf.a m%;sfõOfhka
f,dõ;=rd nqÿnjg m;a úfuka fuu W;=ï nqoafoda;amdoh my< úh' fuu
idikh ;=,ska f,dj ck;djg my< jq ksjka ud¾.h iS," iduê" m%{dhk
;s%úO YsCIdjhs' ueÿï ms<sfj;hs' wd¾H wIaGdx.sl ud¾.hhs' fuu f.!;u
nqoaO idikh nqoaO mßks¾jdKfhka miqj wjqreÿ 5000la l,a mj;Sjd lshk
wêIaGdkfhka mej;=k;a úáka úg wkH wd.ñlhka f.ka ndysr n,meï
ksid;a hï hï wjia:dj,È Ydiksl ms<sfj;a u. msßys .sh nj idik
b;sydifhys i|yka fjhs' ta jdf.au mqKHjka; ×Kjka;hkaf.a my< ùu
ksid idikh nen,Sug o fya;=fõ'
wm ,xldfõ w;S;fhys idikh nen¿Kq hq.hl ^le,Ks hq.hg
wh;a ld,fhys& ,xldfjka nqreuhg meúÈ Wmiïmodj;a ;s%msgl O¾uh;a
iu: úmiaikd Ndjkd ud¾.h;a /f.k .sh nj b;sydifhys i|yka fjhs'
wo;a ta nqreu rg wdrKH fiakdikj, fuu m%;sm;a;sh mj;sk nj
fmfkhs' /ka.=ka k.rfhka ie;mqï 200 muK ÿßka msysá rduCoaCo
foaYhg we;=,;a jq fjd,ñhka k.r iómfhys Md-TDla Ñ;a;, mín;
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wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s m%Odk l¾uia:dkdjßh w;s.re mqckSh wdÑKaK
ishdfvd uyd ijdñka jykafia úiska ;u w;a ±lsï yd fm!rdKsl wgqjd
àld .%ka:hka weiqfrka iu: úmiaikd Ndjkdfõ by,gu hd yels Ndjkd
ud¾.hla ilid we;' Ys% ,xldfõka nqreuhg f.k .sh wdNdihu fuys,d
Wmldr jkakg we;ehs wmf.a úYajdihhs' tu Ndjkd ud¾.h ye±ßu i|yd
wm ,xldfjka nqreu rg fud,úhka k.rh iñmfhys msysá mdjqla
wdrKHhg jevu l< Y%s l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d m%Odk wkqYdil uyd
lïuÜGdkdpßh kdWhfka wßh Oïu ijdñka jykafia m%Odk ijdñka
jykafia,d lSm kula fuu Ndjkd ud¾.h ms<sn| meyeÈ,s wjfndaOhlska
wkqms<ssj<ska m%fhda.sl w;a±lsï we;sj ukdj m%.=K lr f.k ±kg ,laÈj
.sys meúÈ fndfyda fofkl=g fuu Ndjkd l%uh mqyqKqj ,nd § we;' tu
ud¾.h b;d fyd¢ka bÈßhg idik f.!rjfhka isÿlr,Sug wjYH
Wmfoia mdGud,d ilia lrñka úfYaI iqúfYaIs Ndjkd mqyqKqjla wdpd¾H
mqyqKqjla jYfhka 2010 ckjdß udifha m<uq fjksod isg cqks udih
wjika jk;=re rgj,a 16 hlska iuka ú; úfYaI Ndjkd mqyqKqjla nqreu
rg fud,ñhka ys m%Odk wdrKH Ndjkd uOHia:dkfhaÈ .sys meúÈ 1400 hg
;rï jeä msßia fuhg iyNd.s jQy' wm ,xldj fjkqfjka w;s.re mqckSh
kdWhfka wßh Oïu ijdñka jykafia we;=¿ ijdñka jykafia,d 15 kula
tu mqyqKqjg iyNd.sjqy' tu wjia:dfõ ksl=;a lrk ,o O¾u .%ka: ;=kla
bx.%sis niska ksl=;a úh' tu .%ka:hka isxy,g mßj¾;kh lrkakg w;s.re
mQckSh kdWhfka wßh Oïu ijdñka jykafiaf.ao wjir mßÈ mqcH ×K
isß iajdóka jykafiaf.a u. fmkaúfuka weka'tÉ' fmf¾rd uy;aud úiska
isxy, mßj¾;kh isÿ l< w;r uqøK lghq;= i|yd wkq.%dyh ,nd ÿkaa
.d,af,a mdrñ Oïud is,auEKsfhda" .kaf.dvú, mshkkaod is,auEKsfhda"
ud;f,a Wmkkaod is,auEKsfhda" i|iS,s we,afyk fufkúh"
ir;a m%kdkaÿ uhd" jika;s m%kdkaÿ ñh hk whf.a Wmldrfhka uqøK
lghq;= isÿ lrk ,È' uqøKh lr ÿka ieug;a fuu fmd; mßyrKh lrK
ish¨ fokd we;=¨ wkqidikd l< ish¨u ijdñka jykafia,dg;a Ok
mß;Hd. l< ieu fokdg;a" fuf,dj mrf,dj ÈhqKqj msKsi m%×
wdf,dalh msKsi Wmldr fõjd" iudê wdf,dalfhka" úo¾YK
wdf,dalfhka iudê ×K" NdjKd ×K" úmiaikd ×K" my< fõjd'
fof,dj ÈhqKqj we;sfõjd' m;k fndaê ×dKhlska W;=ï jq ksjka
wjfndaOh msKsi Wmldr fõjd'
fuhg"
iiqka ,eÈ"
odiaj;af;a iqukiS, ia:úr
úmiaikd Ndjkd uOHia:dkh
Èlafyak
fmd,a.ia úg
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mqKHdkqfudaokdj
oafõudks NslaLfõ odkdks' wdñi odkxp" Oïu odkxp" t;o.a.x NslaLfõ bfïix oaúkakx odkdkx
hÈox Oïu odkx'
uyfKks odkh fldgia folls' wdñi odkh yd O¾u odkh jYfhka' fï w;ßka O¾u odkh W;=ïh" w.a.%h' fuu W;=ï nqÿ nK mohg wkqj wm ,enQ O¾u odkuh mqKH ,dNfhka fudAokhg m;a fjñka fufia mQfcdamdydr olajñ'
iïnqoaO Ydikfha Ñrl,a meje;au r|d mj;skqfha l,HdK ñ;%hka jykafia,df.a wm%;sy; ffO¾h;a" lemùu;a ksidh' Wkajykafia,df.a mru hq;=lu jkqfha Y%oaOdjka; fndÿkqjka ksjka uÕg fhduq lsÍuhs' tu hq;=lu f.!rjfhka bgqlrñka ñhkaud¾ rg mdwjqla ihdfvda udysñmdKka jykafia úiska rÑ; w.kd O¾u mqia;lh isxy, nig mßj¾;kh lrjñka ixialrK lghq;= yd fidaÿm;a ne,Sï wdÈh ksjerÈj l< fmd,a.ia´úg mdwjqla úmiaikd Ndjkd uOHia:dkfha lïuÜGdkdpd¾h odiaj;af;a iqukiS,S iajdóka jykafiag yd .re mQckSh iS,.u {dKisß iajdóka jykafiag fuu O¾u odkuh l=i, n,fhka fukau r;ak;%h i;= wiSñ; iqúis uyd .=K n,fhka úxY;a Y; j¾Ihl ld,hla ksÿla ksfrda.S §¾>dhqI ,en O¾u {dK" Ndjkd {dK" uqÿka m;aj ;j ;j;a in%yaupdÍka jykafia,dg Ndjkd lugyka foñka ksjka uÕg fhduq lrjñka Wkajykafiago m%d¾:kSh fndaêhlska ks¾jdK Od;=j iqj fia wjfndaOùu msKsiu fya;= jdikd fõjd'
nqreu niska fuys uq,a .%ka:h iïmdokh l< nqreu rg Ñ;a;, mín; wdrKHfiakdihm;s w;s mQckSh md wjqla ihdfvda udysñmdKka jykafiago fï mqkH n,h kSfrda.Sj §¾>dhqI j,od w;s W;=ï nqÿ nj ,nd .ekSug fya;= jdikd fõjd'æ
fuu O¾uodkuh l=i,h wmj;a ù jod< w;s.re mQckSh rdclSh mKaä; ud;r isß {dKdrdudNsOdk ufydaoamdOH ud ysñmdkka jykafiag;a wmj;a ù jod< › l,HdK fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ iuQ;amdol mQcHmdo rdclSh mKaä; lvjeoa¥fõ ðkjxYdNsOdk wiuodpd¾H ud ysñmdKka jykafiag;a W;=ï nqÿ nj msKsi fya;= fõjdæ
j¾;udk iïnqoaO Ydikfha uqÿka u,alvjkaj jev jik iïnqoaO Ydikhg;a foia úfoia rg j, fn!oaO msxj;=kag;a wñ, fiajdjka isÿ lrk › l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ m%Odk wkqYdil
w.a. uyd mKaä; lïuÜGdkdpd¾h ;s%msgl jd.sIajr Ydik Oc w;s.re mQckSh kd WhfkA wßhOïu udysñmdKka jykafiag r;ak;%fha i;= wiSñ; uydkqNdj n,fhka ish¨ foúhkaf.a foaj wdYs¾jdofhka il, wka;rdjka ÿrej úxY;a Y; j¾Idêl ld,hla iqj fia jev jiñka mdró oï imqrd f.k f,dõ ;=rd iïud iïnqoaO;ajh msKsiu fya;= fõjd'
kd Whk wdrkH fiakdifha Ôjh n÷ jQ foia úfoia .sys meúÈ ieuf.a Ydiksl lghq;= i|yd ksrka;rfhka lemj ksy~ju W;=ï fiajdjla isÿ lrk kd Whk wdrKHjdiS w;s.re mQckSh wÕ=,a.uqfõ wßh kkao iajdñmdfoda;a;uhka jykafiago fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h ksfrda.S iqj §¾>dhqI msKsi;a" m%d¾:kSh fndaêhlska ksjka ,eîu msKsi;a fyA;= WmksY%h fõjdæ
j¾;udkfha kd Whk wrkH fiakdikfha iy OïñldY%ufha .sys fhda.Skag Ndjkd lugyka iy O¾u odkh ,nd fok w;s.re mQckSh wdkkao iajdóka jykafiago ksfrda.S iqjh §¾>dhqI msKsi;a wjidkfha W;=ï jQ p;=rd¾h i;H wjfndaOh msKsi;a fuu mqkH l¾uh fya;= fõjd
l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ ish¨u wdrKH fiakdik j, jev isák iqfmaY, YslaIdldó nqoaO mq;%hka jykafia,d we;=¿ f,daljdiS ish¨u uyd ix>r;akhg;a msxj;a ish¨u oi is,a ud;djkago fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h ksfrda.S iqj ,en ksjkska iekiSug fya;= fõjd'
fuu oyï fmd; Tn w;g m;a lsÍug iyfhda.h ,nd ÿka iqmsxj;a .xf.dvú, mshkkaod ud;dj" E.M.H. i|iS,s we,afyakf.a fufkúho ir;a m%kdkaÿ hk uy;au uy;aóka we;=¿ msxj;a ieug jy jyd ksjkska iekiSu ,efíjd'
Tn wm kñka ñh mrf,dj .sh ish¨u {d;Skag o fuu mqkH lghq;af;A wdrïNl fudfydf;a mgka Tn w;g fuu oyï fmd; mßYS,kh lrk msxj;a Tng;a ish¿ foúhkag;a mß.Kl lghq;=" uqøK lghq;= isÿ l< ish¿u fokdg;a il, f,dal ish¨ i;ajhkag;a fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h W;=ï jQ ksjkska iekiSu msKsiu fya;= fõjdæ
f;rejka irKhs' fuhgYdik,eosmsxj;a .d,af,a mdró Oïudoi is,a ud;dj'
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mgqkye¢kaúu 1
iudêh jeãu 1
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj 08
máÉpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykh 20
ØK oyih 27
wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd l%uh 45
oaj;a;sxidlr Ndjkdfõ fldgia ;sia fol 61
wÜGsl ^wegiels<s& Ndjkdj 64
´Þ; lisKh 68
oi lisK 73
wrEm OHdk i;r 76
fu;a;d ^ffu;%S& Ndjkdj 82
lreKd Ndjkdj 94
uqÈ;d Ndjkdj 95
WfmlaLd ^WfmalaId& Ndjkdj 96
nqÿ.=K isys lsÍu ^nqoaOdkqiai;s& 97
uD; YÍrhl ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj ^wY=N Ndjkdj& 99
urKdkqiauD;sh 100
Od;= p;=Ial Ndjkd jeãfï l%uh 102
rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï ms<sfj< 112
rEm lïuÜGdk ms<sn| ffioaOdka;sl meyeos,s lsrSu 143
YS% l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d wkqYdil OqrkaOr" uyd lïuÜGdkdpd¾h" ;s%msgldpd¾h"w;s mQckSh kd Whfka wßh Oïu
iajdóka jykafia
uHkaud¾ foaYfhys ^nqreufhys& fpd,úhka k.rfhys
Md-T!la Ñ;a;, mín; wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s
w;smQcH W! wdÑKK ^Md-T!la ihdfvda&
iajdóka jykafia
01 02
kfuda ;iai N.jf;da wryf;da iïudiïnqoaOiai
ye|skaùu
md wjqla fgdahd wdrKHfha Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSfï l%uh
úY=oaêud¾. wgqjdfõ i|yka Ndjkd meyeos,s lsrSu mokï fldg
mj;S' tneúka fuu l%uh ixlS¾K jQ woshr lSmhlska iukaú; fõ'
fï woshrhka" wNsO¾ufha ix.%y fldg we;s j¾.SlrKhka wkqj jQ
kdu rEm foj¾.fhau iúia;r úYaf,aIKhlskao" w;S;" j¾;udk"
wkd.; ld,hkays mefkk" wdldrhg máÉpiuqmamdo l%shdj,sh
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi ta CÞKh ;j ÿrg;a Ndú;hg .ekSulskao
iukaú;h'
tfyhska úY=oaêud¾.h yd wNsO¾uh ms<sn| mrsphla
fkdue;shjqkg md wjqla fgdahd wdrKHfha Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSï
wjfndaO lr .ekSu;a ta ms<sn| meyeos,s Ñ;%hla ilid .ekSu;a
.eg,qldrS jkq we;' nqreu ni l:d lsrSug wfmdfydi;a
úfoaYslhkg th jvd;a ÿIalr fõ'
md wjqla fgdahd wdrKHfha ;u Ndjkd lghq;= iuDoaêu;a
lr .ksñka bosrshg hk id¾:l fhda.sfhl=f.a m%.;s udj; ir,
WodyrKhla jYfhka f.k yer mdñka fï .eg,q ksrdlrKh lr
.ekSug Woõ jk wdldrhg fï ye|skaùu ,shk ,os' Ndjkd m%.=K
lrkakjqka Wfoid jQ ksYaÑ; WmfoaY iys; fï lD;sfha jvd;a
iúia;r mrsÉfPao ;rula fyd|ska jgyd .ekSug fuh WmldrS jkq
we;ehs wms wfmaCId lruq
fuu lD; sh md wj ql a ihdfvd a f;rekaf. a
ud¾f.damfoaYl;ajh hgf;a fuu ia:dkfha Ndjkd jevigykl
i;H jYfhkau kshe,S isákakjqkaf.a m%fhdackh i|yd jk nj uq,
oS u wjOdrKh l< hq;= fõ'
iudêh jeãu
md wjqlaa fgdahdys fhda.djprhd idudkHfhka p;=Od;=
Ndjkdj fyda wdkdmdki;sh hk Ndjkd oajfhka tlla jvñka
wrUhs' fï folska ljrla fyda iudêh j¾Okh lr .ekSu msKsi
Ndú; l< yel' wk;=rej th kdu rEm foflys iajNdjh;a mqk¾Nj
ixjÜgj, ta fol cks; lrùfï yd mej;Sfï fya;= ldrl
in|;dj;a .fõIKh lsrSug Ndú; l< yel'
fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdfjka wdrïN lrkafka
kï fya kdisldj ;=<ska we;=¿ jk yd bka msg jk yqiau ms<sn|
wjOdkh fhduq lrñka wrUhs' wdrïNfha oS fhda.djprhd yqiau
kdih ;=<g we;=¿ j;au th oefkkafka flfia oehs iam¾Yh ms<sn|
ixfõoS;dfjka hq;=j yqÿ wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' fï wdldrhg yqiau
ms<sn| isysh wLKav j j¾Okh lr .ksñka iudêh oshqKq lr
.kakd w;r" Tyqf.a uqyqKg wNsuqLj r|k l=vd wdf,dalhla f,i
;;ajQ mrsos yqiau oefkkakg mgka .kS' fï wdf,dalh Yafõ; j¾Kj
jefvk ;=re;a" bka wk;=rej oSma;su;a ;drldjla fuka
m%Ndiïmkak jk ;=re yd meyeos,s jk ;=re;a iudêh jeãu
lrf.k hkafkah' bkamiq —ksñ;a;˜ fyj;a iudê ix×dj hehs
lshkq ,nk fï wdf,dalh ms<sn|j i;sfhka hqla; j;au" Tyqf.a is;
bnd.df;a fkdf.dia wjidkfha fï ksñ;a; flfrysu is; fhduq
lrñka ksi,j isàug ;rï ÿrg jQ ksYap, iudêhlg wj;S¾K
ùug iu;a fõ'
fhda.djprhdf.a is; mehlg" follg fyda ;=klg fï
ksñ;a; u; iudê.; ùug iu;a jQ l,ays isf;a lsishï .=Kdx.
fldgila m%lg ùug mgka .kS' m%:ufhka m%lg jk .=Kdx. myla
fõ' isf;a uQ,sl fhoùu ^ú;lal&" isf;a fkdfi,afjk Ndú;h
^úpdr&" m%S;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk fïjdh' tu wx. my m%udKj;a
uÜgulg j¾Okh jQ l,ays" iudêfha fï oshqKq wjia:dj —m%:u
OHdkh˜ hs y|qkajkq ,efí'
03 04
fhda.djprhd fï m%:u OHdkh ,nd f.k" ;uka leue;af;a
kï kdu yd rEm fol;a tajd ;kk fya;= ldrl in|;d;a wjfndaO
lr .ekSfï úúO wjia:d mdod .ekSug wj;S¾K fjhs' fuh
úo¾Ykd Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSfï ux i,ihss' tfy;a uq, oS iudêh by<
uÜgulg oshqKq lsrSu jvd WÑ; h' tu.ska miqj fhda.djprhd
úo¾Ykd jeãu msKsi ish uki fhduq lrjk úg Tyqf.a úo¾Ykd
m%.=K lsrSïj, oS iudê m%fõYh Bg iydh jk w;r" kdu-rEm"
fya;=-M, iïu¾Ykh lsrSu jvd;a myiq lrñka OHdk iudê
mokñka yg.;a úo¾Ykd wdf,dalfha Yla;sfhka jvd;a oSma;su;a
yd meyeos,s úo¾Ykd ×Khla cks; lrhs'
WodyrKhla jYfhka fuh" wkaOldrfha lsishï jia;=jla
oelSu msKsi úÿ,sh mkaoula mdúÉú lsrSulg iudk l< yel' boska
úÿ,sh mkaofï negrs ÿ¾j, kï Tnf.a negrs udre lrk f;la iq¿
fú,djlg muKla jia;=j ÿn,j oelsh yel' boska negrsh m%n, yd
w¿;a kï Tnf.a negrs B <Õg& udre lrk f;la" os.= ld,hla Tng
tu jia;=j jvd;a meyeos,s j;a" iúia;r j;a oelsh yel' tf,i"
fhda.djprhdf.a iudêho ish uki úo¾Ykdjg yerùug m%:u hï
muKlg Wiia yd ksii, kï" tmuKg ;u iudêh w¿;a lr
.ekSu msKsi uq,a wdrïuKhg wdmiq tk f;la wruqKq jvd;a
meyeos,s f,i oelSug;a os.= fõ,djla úo¾Ykdj jeãug;a iu;a
fjhs' fï fya;=j ksid" úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjg wj;S¾K ùug fmr
iudê jeãu lrf.k hdu;a tys ukd ia:djr;ajhla we;s lr
.ekSu;a kqjKg yqre h'
fï wkqj md wjqlaa fgdahdys fhda.djprhdf.a iqmqreÿ m%.=K
lsrSï udj; jkafka wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a w¾mKd
iudêh jeãfuys ksr; ùuh' wk;=rej fya oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd p;=FMd
OHdkhkays oshqKqj msKsi jv jvd mqyqKq jkafkah' ^jeãï ud¾.h
fuu lD;sfhys miqj úia;r flf¾&'
wdkdmdki;sh fhdod .ksñka p;=F: OHdkh jevQ
fhda.djprhd uki úfYaIfhka oSma;su;a nj;a wdf,dalh úysÿ jk
nj;a olshss' wk;=re j Tyq fuu wdf,dalh Wmfhda.S fldg .ksñka
YrSrfha fo;sia fldgila meyeos,s j oelSug;a tu fldgia 32 mokï
fldg .;a iudêh j¾Okh lr .ekSug;a iu;a fõ'
Tyq fuh m<uqj wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F:
OHdkhg iu jeoS bka ke.sg isÿ lrk w;r ish ysfia flia fj;
fhduq lrñka isÿ lrhs' p;=F: OHdkh mokï fldg .;a iudêfhka
oeka u;= jQ Ñ;a;fhka ksl=;a jQ wdf,dalfha wdOdrfhka"
lkakdählska n,k wjia:djl fuka ysi u; we;s flia meyeos,sj
oelSug iu;a fõ' blaì;sj fya lfha we;s b;srs fldgia 31
l%udkql+,j tlska tl iïu¾Ykh lrñka ta wdldrhgu meyeos,sj
olshs' boska fï l%shdj,sfha oS wdf,dalh uo jkafka kï yd fldgia
meyeos,sj oelSug wiu;a jkafka kï wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg
.;a p;=F: OHdkhg h<s meñfKhs' tu iudêfhka ke.S isg lfha
fldgia 32 ne,Sug is; h<s fhduq lrhs’
isref¾ fldgia 32 kï (
ysi flia" f,dï" ksh" o;a" yu
uia" kyr" weg" weg ñÿ¨" jl=.vq"
yoj;" wlaudj" we<osj" o<Uqj" fmkye,a,"
w;==Kq" w;==Kq nyka" fkdosrE wdydr" u<" fud<h"
ms;" fiu" ierj" f,a" vyosh" fïo f;,a"
l`ÿ¿" jqreKq f;,a" fl<" fidgq" i| ñÿ¨" uq;%
Tyq wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F: OHdkhg
m%úIaGj bka ke.S isg" bka cks; jQ wdf,dalh ;ud wdikakfha isák
mqoa.,fhl=f.a lfha fldgia 32 ne,Sug wdOdr msKsi fhdod .kS'
fuf,i wNHka;r jYfhka ;u lh ;=<;a" ndysr jYfhka ;j;a
;eke;af;l=f.a isrer ;=<;a fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a nj
,nd .kS' fldgia 32 wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka udrefjka udrejg
h<s h<s;a ms<sfj,ska oelSug mqyqKq ùfuka fldgia 32 ms<sn| Tyqf.a
iudêh jef⦠Yla;su;a fõ' blaì;s Tyq ;ud wjg isák wfkla
ñksiqkaf.a yd ;srsikqkaf.a mjd YrSrj, fldgia 32 ne,Sug mgka .k’
05 06
fï wdldrhg wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka fldgia 32
ne,Sug fhda.djprhd iu;a jQ miq ;u iudêh ;j ÿrg;a oshqKq lr
.ekSu msKsi ud¾. ;=klska ljrla fyda wkq.ukh lrhs'
1' lfha ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj oshqKq lr .ekSu msKsi
fldgil ms<sl=,a iy.; Ndjh fhdod .; yel'
2' lisK Ndjkdj oshqKq lr .ekSu msKsi lfha fldgil j¾Kh
fhdÞ.; yel'
3' tla tla fldgil Od;= i;r ^mGú" wdfmda" f;afcdA" jdfhda&
úNd. lr iïu¾Ykh l< yels w;r p;=Od;= Ndjkdj jeäh
yel'
md wjqla fgdahdys fhda.djprhdg lfha fldgia 32 ka tlla
jQ wia:s ms<sn| Ndjkdj jeãug W.kajkq ,efí' ms<sl=,a nj mokï
fldg .;a m%:u OHdkh ,nkq msKsi wia:s ms<sn| ix{dj fhdod.;
yel' ke;fyd;a wia:sj, Yafú; j¾Kh lisK wdrïuKhla f,i
fhdod .; yel' tu.ska p;=F: OHdkh ,eîu msKsi ´od; lisKh
oshqKq lr .; yel'
fhda.djprhd m<uqj h<s;a wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg.;a
p;=F: OHdkh jvñka wÜGsl Ndjkdj jeãu wrUhs' blaì;s ta
Ndjkdj yd neÈ wdf,dalh Yla;su;a yd oSma;su;a jQ l,ays wNHka;r
jYfhka lfha fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyqf.a wjOdkh
fhduq lrhs' blaì;sj fya ndysr jYfhka wi< isák mqoa.,fhl=f.a
fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej fya wNHka;rfha we;s wia:s
mCoacrfha wia:s muKla fjka lr f.k iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;s ta
wia:s Tyqg meyeos,s jQ úg tajdys ms<sl=,a nj ksñ;a;la yeáhg .kS'
tu ix{dj jvhs' Tyq tajd —ms<sl=,a˜" —ms<sl=,a˜" —ms<sl=,a iy.;
wia:s˜” —ms<sl=,a iy.; wia:s˜" fyda —wia:s wia:s˜" hs ix× .kshs' fya
ta ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| ix{dj iu. uki mehla" folla fyda ;=kla
r|jd .ekSug yels jk ;rug ta ix{dj j¾Okh lr .kS'
wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F: OHdkfha wdOdrh
fya;=fjka wia:s ms<sn| ms<sl=,a nj mdol fldg we;s m%:u OHdkh
,nd .ekSug Tyqg jeä l,la .; fkd fõ'
fufia lsrSug Tyq iu;a jQ l,ays ndysr jYfhka wka
ñksiqkaf.a yd i;a;ajhskaf.a wia:sj, ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| ix{dj o ta
wdldrhgu jeãug yels fõ' fuys Tyq oCI jQ l,ays ´Þ; lisKh
jeãug hd yel'
´Þ; lisKh jeãu msKsi Tyq fmr oS fuka ndysr jYfhka
wia:sj, ms<sl=,a nj iïu¾Ykh lsrsug yels jk f;la iudêh
jvhs' bka miq fya ndysr wia:sj, jvd;a iqÿ fldgila - ;ud bosrsfha
isákafkl=f.a ysia lnf,a msgqmi jekakla - foi n,hs' Bg —iqÿ˜
—iqÿ˜ hs wjOdkh fhduq lrñka fya wjidkfha oS ms<sl=,a nj yd wia:s
ix{dj w;a yrshs' yqfola Yafõ; j¾Kh muKla wjOdkfhka hq;=j
n,hs' fuh j¾Kh& l=vd ljhla fia Tyqg osiajkq we;'
fï Yafõ; ljh ms<sn|j Ndjkd lsrSu fkd lvjd lroaoS th
jv jvd;a Yafõ; j¾K yd oSma;su;a fjhs' fï Yafõ; j¾K ksñ;a;
mokï fldg .;a m%:u" oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd p;=F: OHdk ,nd .ekSug
th mdúÉÑ l< yel'
´od; lisKh fhdod .ksñka p;=F: OHdkhg meñKSug
yels fhda.djprhdg ta iudêh;a ta yd ne|s wdf,dalh;a p;=rdrlaIdj
^p;=rdrlaL& j¾Okh lr .ekSfï mokula yeáhg Ndú; l< yel'
tkï( ffu;%S Ndjkdj ^fu;a;d&" nqÿka jykafiaf.a .=K
^nqoaOdkqiai;s&" u< isref¾ ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj ^wiqN& yd
urKh ms<sn| isysh urKdkqiai;s& h' od; lisKh fhdod .ksñka
flfrk p;=F: OHdk Ndjkdfõ fõ. Yla;sh yd Wmldrh
fya;=fjka fï Ndjkd b;d myiqfjka yd blaukska bf.kSug;a
jeãug;a ;udg yels nj fhda.djprhdg jegfykq we;'
fï olajd wm úia;r l< fhda.djpr m%.=K lsrSï udj;" md
wjqlaa fgdahdys wdkdmdk i;sh oshqKq lr .ksñka wdrïN flfrk
fhda.djprfhl= úiska idudkHfhka wkq.ukh lrkq ,nk iudê
07 08
jeãu iukaú; lrhs'
p;=Od;= Ndjkdj mokï fldg.;a iudêh jeãfï úl,am ud¾.h
fï flá idrdxYfha uq, oS" fhda.djprhdg p;=Od;= Ndjkdj
jeãfuka Ndjkd& werôh yels neõ wms mejiqfjuq' Tyqf.a iudêh
p;=Od;= Ndjkdj Ndú;hg .ksñka wdrïN lrkafka kï Tyqf.a
m%.=K lsrSï ms<sfj; my; oelafjk wdldrhg h(
m<uqj Tyq" isrefrys Od;= i;frys tl tlla ,laIK 12
ne.ska jrlg tlla f,i iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W.kshs' ,laIK 12
kï(
;o nj" f.dfrdaiq nj yd nr nj ^mGú Od;=j&
uDÿ nj" isks÷ nj" ieye,a,q nj ^mGú Od;=j&
wef,k nj" je.sfrk nj ^wdfmda Od;=j&
WIaK" YS; ^f;afcda Od;=j&
wdOdr ùu" ;,a,q lsrSu ^jdfhda Od;=j&
blaì;s j" uq¿ isrer mqrd fï ,laIK iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
iu;a jQ úg uq,a ih ;o nj" f.dfrdaiq nj" nr nj" uDÿ nj" isks|q
nj yd ieye,a,q nj mGú Od;=j yeáhg;a" B <Õ fol je.sfrk yd
wef,k nj wdfmda Od;=j yeáhg;a" B <Õ fol WIaKh yd YS;
f;afcda Od;=j yeáhg;a" wjika fol wdOdr ùu yd ;,a,q lsrSu
jdfhda Od;=j yeáhg;a ksrSCIKh lrñka Ndjkd lrhs' fï whqrska
Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu j¾Okh lrhs' Tyq l=uk brshõjl
isáho Tyqf.a isrer yqfola mGú" wdfmda" f;afcdA yd jdfhda hk Od;=
i;r muKla neõ ksrSlaIKh lrhs'
Od;= i;r u; Tyq wLKavj Ndjkd lsrSu;a" iudêh jvd
.eUqrg jeãu;a lrk úg" Tyqf.a isrerska wdf,dalh ksl=;a jkq
oelsh yels hs' uq, oS fï wdf,dalh ÿu fuka w¿ mdgg yqre j fyda
ks,aiqÿ fyda úh yel' tfy;a ta wdf,dalh ;=< Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh
lsrSu wLKavj lr;au ish uq¿ isrer Yafú; j¾K neõ Tyqg fmkS
hhs' blaì;s j isref¾ Yafõ; j¾K wdldrhg Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh
lr;au Tyqqf.a uq¿ isrer whsia l=Üáhla fuka úYo - meyeos,s - njg
m;a fõ' fï wjia:dfõoS 'Wmpdr iudê' hhs y|qkajkq ,nk
;;a;ajhg oshqKq lrkq ,en we;'
fï wjia:dfõ oS fhda.djprhdg ;ud leue;af;a kï
úo¾Ykd jeãu msKsi hd yel' ish iudêh ;j ÿrg;a j¾Okh lr
.ekSug wjYH jkq fyda úh yel' fuh Tyqf.a isref¾ úYo
iajrEmfha fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSu u.ska l< yel' miqj wia:s
jeks fldgila Ndú; lrñka ms<sl=, mokï fldg .;a m%:u OHdkh
jeãu msKsi wia:s ix{dj Tyqg fhdod .; yel' ke;fyd;a wia:sj,
Yafõ; j¾Kh lisK ksñ;a; yeáhg Ndú; fldg ´Þ; lisKh
p;=F: OHdkh olajd jeäh yel'
´Þ; lisKh fhdod f.k p;=F: OHdkhg meñKsh yels
fhda.djprhdg ta iudêh iy ta yd ne|s wdf,dalh myiqfjka Ndú;
fldg zp;=rdrlaLZ' jeãug moku yeáhg .; yel'
fï wkqj fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sh jeãu fyda p;=Od;=
Ndjkdj hk ljrla u.ska fyda wdrïN l< o uQ,sl Ndjkdj ;=<ska
,nd.;a iudêfha wdOdrh we;s j Tyqg wfkl=;a Ndjkd wruqKq
myiqfjka jeäh yel'
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj
fuf,i fhda.djprhd ish iudêh jeãu iïmQ¾K l< miq
Tyqf.a is; úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj jeãug iqLkuH yd l¾uKH jQjla
fõ'
boska Tyq wdkdmdki;sh Ndú; fldg iudêh jvd we;af;a
kï by; úia;r l< mrsos h<s;a iudêh jvkafkah' fya
wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F: OHdkhg iu joS' lfha
fldgia 32 wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka lSm úgla iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
blaìs;s j wia:sj, Yafõ; j¾Kh Ndú; lrñka ´od; lisKh
mokï fldg.;a p;=F: OHdkhg wkqms<sfj,ska iu joS' blaì;s fya
09 10
lfha Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi uki fhdojhs'
by;ska i|yka l< mrsos ;u lh Yafõ; j¾K f,i
oDYHudk jk f;la p;=Od;= mdol fldg .;a iudêh jvhs' blaì;s
j fya ;u uq¿ lh whsia l=Üáhla fuka úYo j msú;=re jk f;la
lfha Yafú; j¾K wdf,dalh ;=< p;=Od;= Ndjkdj fkd lvjd lr
f.k hhs'
wk;=rej fhda.djprhd ish lfha úYo rEmfha Od;= i;r
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu wdrïN lrhs' Tyq tfia lr;au th lh& laIqø wKq
fldgiaj,g ì|S hkq olshs' fï wdldrhg Ndjkd lroaoS wKq
fldgiaj,g fkd ìf|kafka kï túg Tyq lfha wdldY Od;=
iïu¾Ykh fj; ish wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' Tyq ifï isÿre fuka
uq¿ lh mqrd wjldY ;sfnkq olshs' fï wjldY iïu¾Ykh lr;au
úYo rEmh wKqj,g ì|S hhs' ula ksid o h;a wKq fldgia w;r
wjldY iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyq iu;a fyhsks'
rEm l,dm hhs y÷kajkq ,nk fuu wKq fldgia myiqfjka
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;ajQ l," uq,skau tajd laIKslj bmoS ì|S hkq
olshs' Tyq bmoS ì|S hk fïjd flfrys jeä wjOdkhla fhduq fkd
l< hq;=h' yqfola tla tla rEm l,dmhl mj;akd Od;= i;r muKla
ksrSlaIKh lrhss'
fï wKq fldgia m%Odk jYfhka úksúo fmfkk
ke;fyd;a m%ido yd wmeyeos,s hkqfjka foj¾.hla we;s neõ fya
olshs' úksúo fmfkk fkdfyd;a m%ido wKq fldgia kï m[ap
bkaøsh f.dapr wdf,dal" Yío" .kaO" ri" yd iam¾Y hk tajdg ixfõoS
jQ my h' tfyhska m%ido wKq fldgia j¾. myls' fuhska ldh
^iam¾Y& ixfõoS Od;= uq¿ lh mqrd úisrS mj;skq olakg ,efnk w;r
wka ixfõoS Od;= wei" lK" kdih yd osj hk ta ta wod< ;ekaj,
muKla we;'
wk;=re j fhda.djprhd ;ks ;ks wKq fldgiaj, Od;= i;r
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug mqyqKq lrkq ,efí' úúO wdldrfha wKq fldgia
j¾.SlrKfhys ,d Tyq ksmqK fõ' fufia wkqms<sfj,ska yd
l%udkql+,j mqyqKq j;au wjidkfha lfha;a lfhka msg;;a mefkk
úúO wdldrfha rEm 28 la y÷kd .ekSug Tyq iu;a fõ' ljr ljr
rEm l¾u" Ñ;a;" >D;= yd wdydr u.ska ksmojkafka oehs iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug Tyq mqyqKq lrkq ,efí'
fláfhka rEm 28 fufia h'
uQ,sl Od;=
1' mGú 2' wdfmda 3' f;afcda 4' jdfhda
m%Nj jQ Wmdod& rEm 24
1' wefia ixfõoS;dj ^plaLqmamido&" 2' lfKa ixfõoS;dj
^fida;mamido&" 3' kdifha ixfõoS;dj ^>dKmamido&" 4' osfõ
ixfõoS;dj ^csõydmamido&" 5' lfha ixfõoS;dj ^ldhmamido&" 6'
wdf,dalh ^jKaK&" 7' Yío 8' .kaO 9' ri ^iam¾Yh" mGú" f;afcda"
jdfhda hk uQ,sl Od;=j,ska ksmka nj i,lkak& 10' mqßiNdj" 11'
b;a:sNdj" 12' yoh j;a:q" 13' cSú; bJøsh" 14' cd" 15' wdldi 16' ldh
úCoaCo;a;s 17' jÖ úCoaCo;a;s 18' ,yq;d 19' uqÿ;d 20' lïuCoaCo;d 21'
Wmph 22' ika;;s 23' cr;d 24' wksÉp;d
fhda.djprhd rEm úYaf,aIKh lsrSug;a fï 28 wdldr rEm
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a iu;a jQ miq tajd iuQyhla yeáhg olshs'
thzrEmZ yeáhg olshs'
fhda.djprhd bka miq ;ud ;=< cks; jk úúO wdldrfha
úCoaCodKhka úYaf,aIKh lsrSu m%;sM, jYfhka we;s lrjk kdu
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a" tla tla úCoaCodKhl mj;akd ;ks ;ks ish,q
kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a" bkaøsh oajdr ifha yg.kakd 'ù:s'
hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk úCoaCodK l%shdj,sh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a
msh k.hs.
11 12
kdu mrs.a.yh ^iïu¾Ykh&
fn!oaO wNsO¾ufha uki hkq wruqKla okakd
úCoaCodKfhkao" tu úCoaCodKh;a iuÕ tl úg my< jk wkqnoaë
ffp;isl O¾uj,skao iukaú; jQjla yeáhg olakd ,efí' tjka
kdu O¾u 52 la we;' WodyrK jYfhka Miai" fõokd" i[a[d"
fÉ;kd" tal.a.;d" cSú; bJøsh yd ukisldr wdoshh'
l=Y," wl=Y, fyda wjHdlD; jYfhka j¾. l< yels yd
rEm" wrEm yd ldudjpr f,i mj;sk N+ñ jYfhka fnosh yels uq¿
úCoaCodK 89 j¾.hls'
úCoaCodKh yg.kakd" ù:s hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk
úCoaCodK mrïmrd j¾. yhla we;' bka myla uki úiska bkaøsh
mfya wruqKq my olakd ,o l,ays we;s jk wkql%u h' úCoaCodKfha
fï wkql%u bkaøsh oajdr mfya tl tll wruqKq oek .ekSug ukig
yelshdj ,nd fohs' oDYHudk jia;= weiska oelSu" Yíoh lfKka
weiSu wdosh hs' ih jeks wkql%uh kï ukig Ñ;a; O¾uhla tys
wruqK yeáhg ;sîuhs' ta wkqj bkaøsh oajdr fyj;a ù:s mylao"
ufkda oajdr fyj;a ù:s tllao jYfhka ù:s yhla fõ'
kdu úYaf,aIKh úNd.h& fldgia ;=klska iukaú; h(
1' flfkl= ;=< cks; jk ish,q wdldrfha úCoaCodK j¾. úNd.
lsrSu'
2' tla tla úCoaCodKhl mj;akd ;ks ;ks kdu O¾u ish,a,
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu'
3' bkaøsh oajdr ifhys yg.kakd zù:sZ hs y÷kajkq ,nk úCoaCodK
l%shdj,s iïu¾Ykh lsrSu'
boska fhda.djprfhl=g kdu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug wjYH kï"
wdkdmdki;sh" fjk;a Wmiu Ndjkd wruqKla fyda p;=Od;=
Ndjkdjla iu. werfUk iudê Ndjkdjla iïmQ¾K lr ;sìh
hq;=h' rEm l¾uia:dkho iïmQ¾K lr ;sìh hq;=h' kdu
l¾uia:dkh jeãug W;aidy l< hq;af;a bka miqjh'
fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sh fyda fjk;a wruqKla mdol
fldg OHdk iudêh ,nd we;akï" kdu l¾uiaa:dkh jeãug fyd|
u ;ek Tyq t<ô OHdk wjia:dj yd iïnkaO Ñ;a; ffp;isl
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu hs'
Bg fya;= folls' uq,a fya;=j kï" OHdkh jvk úg
OHdkdx. my oekg u;a ksrSCIKh lr ;sîu;a OHdkh weiqre l<
kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka ,;a w;aoelSï ,nd ;sîu;ah' fojk
fya;=j kï OHdk wjia:dfõ mj;akd OHdk cjk Ñ;a;
wkqms<sfj,ska fndfyda úgla we;s ùu;a tksidu th m%lg ùu;ah'
th iïu¾Ykh lsrSu myiqh' idudkH ldudjpr ù:shg
m%;súreoaOh' tys oS w¿;a ù:shla weröug fmr tla tla cjkhla i;a
jrla muKla we;s fõ'
fï wkqj" fhda.djprhd OHdk ,nd we;akï yd kdu
l¾uia:dk jeãug leue;af;a kï th m%:u OHdkhg iu jeoSfuka
wrUhs' bka miq m%:u OHdkfhka ke.S isg mCoap OHdkdx. wod<
,CIK iu. iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tla tla m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hla
;=< mCoap OHdkdx. ish,a, tlg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la
m%.=K l< hq;=h' mCoap OHdkdx. kï (
1' ú;lal - ukfia m%:u fhojqu' máNd. ksñ;af;a
wruqK fj; uki f.k hdu yd
kexùu'
2' úpdr - ukfia wLKav ^ia:dhS& fhojqu'
máNd. ksñ;af;a wruqK u; uki
ia:srj meje;aùu'
3' mS;s - máNd. ksñ;a; flfrys m%S;sh yd
leue;a;
4' iqL - máNd. ksñ;a; w;a oelSu yd ne÷Kq
m%ikak yeÕ=u iy i;=g
5' tal.a.;d - máNd. ksñ;a; u; isf;a tald.%;dj
13 14
fhda.djprhd fï kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ miq
m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;fha mej;s wfkla kdu O¾u tl tlla
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kshs' m<uqj Tyq úCoaCodK" Miai fyda
fõokd iïu¾Ykfhka wrThs' fï ;=fkka ljrla fyda m%lg fõ o
th iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej iEu m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hlu
th iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj fya jrlg tla j¾.hla ne.ska tl;=
lrñka b;srs j¾. tl tlla iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wkqj fya m%:u
OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hl kdu 1 j¾." 2 j¾." 3 j¾. wdoS jYfhka
wka;sfï oS tla tla m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hl mej;s kdu O¾u 34
j¾.h u oelSug iu;a jk f;la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
fhda.djprhd m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;j, mj;akd 34 la jQ
ish,q kdu O¾u j¾. iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l,ays" ufkda oajdr
ù:shl yg .kakd iEu Ñ;a;hlu we;s ish,q kdu O¾u j¾.
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kS'
m%:u OHdkfha ufkda oajdr ù:shla l%shdldrS Ñ;a; j¾.
ihl wkqms<sfj,lska hqla;h(
m<uqj ufkdaoajdrdjcack Ñ;a;h yg .kS' tys kdu O¾u 12
j¾.hla Tyqg iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
bkamiqj mrsl¾u Ñ;a;hls' ta ;=< kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla
Tyqg iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
blaì;sj Wmpdr Ñ;a;hls' tys kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla
iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
wk;=rej f.da;%N+ Ñ;a;hls' tys kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla
iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
bka wk;=rej ks¾ndOl OHdk cjka is;a mrïmrdjla
olakg ,efí' ta ;=< Tyqg kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla
iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi fhda.djprhd m<uqj m%:u OHdkhg
iu jeosh hq;= h' wk;=rej ta OHdkfhka ke.sg mQ¾jfhka yg.;a
OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh Tyqg iïu¾Ykh l< yel' bka wk;=rej
fya m%:u OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sfha úúO l%shdldrS úCoaCodK ^Ñ;a;&
tl tlla ksrSCIKh lsrSu wrUhs' tla tla l%shdldrS Ñ;a;hl yg
.kakd 12 la jQ fyda 34 la jQ kdu O¾u ish,a, iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
wk;=rej m%:u OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:shl tla tla Ñ;a;hl
yg .kakd ish,q kdu O¾u j¾. iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fhda.djprhdg
yels jQ úg ish,q kduj, fmdÿ ,CIKh iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tkï tla
wruqKlg keó .e,S isàfï fmdÿ ,CIKhhs' blaì;sj fya m%:u
OHdkfha mj;akd 34 j¾.hg wh;a ish,q zkduZ O¾u kdu yeáhg
iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
wk;=rej fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sfhys fojk" f;jk
yd isõ jk OHdkj, iy ;ud OHdk ,eîug iu;a jQ fjk;a Ndjkd
wruqKq - WodyrK jYfhka lfha ms<sl=,a nj" ´od; lisKh"
ffu;%sh wdosh - mdol fldg f.k ,eîug iu;a jQ OHdkhl ta
wdldrfha kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lrhs" ixúNd. lrhs'
fhda.djprhd bkamiqj ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr ù:shl
yg.kakd úúO kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
boska fhda.djprhd OHdkhg fkd meñK p;=Od;= Ndjkd
jeãu u.ska Wmpdr iudêh muKla ,nd we;akï t;ekskau kdu
O¾u iïu¾Ykh werôh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a OHdk Ñ;a;h yd
weiqre l< kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykhg Tyqg yelshdjla ke;s fyhsks'
ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr ù:shla yd ine|S kdu O¾u
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi fhda.djprhd m<uq fldg Njx. kïjQ
ufkdaoajdrh iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= w;r bka miq plaLqmamidoh
wruqKla yeáhg .; hq;=h'
15 16
ufkdaoajdrfha plaLqmamido ksñ;a; my< jQ l,ays th
ufkdaoajdr ù:sh cks; lrhs'
ldudjpr Ñ;a;hla iïnkaOfhka ta Ñ;a;h l=Y,o wl=Y,o
hkak ;SrKh jk b;d jeo.;a lreK jkafka fhdaksfidaukisldrh
fyda wfhdaksfidaukisldrh mj;So fkdmj;So hkak h'
boska fhda.djprhd wruqKlg wjOdkh fhduq fldg th
rEm" kdu" fya;= M," wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; fyda wiqN jYfhka olSo
túg ta wjOdkh fhdaksfidaukisldr fú' th l=Y, Ñ;a;h yd
ne÷Kq tlls'
boska fhda.djprhd wruqKlg mqoa.,hd" ñksid" .eyeKsh"
i;a;ajhd" rka" rsoS fyda ia:sr" i;=g fyda wd;auh wd§ ixl,amj,ska
fuf,i wjOdkh fhduq lrhso" túg th wfhdaksfidaukisldr fõ'
th wl=Y, Ñ;a;hla yd iïnkaO jQjls'
fï wkqj fhda.djprhd fï l%shdj,sh h<s h<s;a lr f.k
hhs' OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh ms<sn|j l,ska i|yka l< wdldrhg
jrlg tl ne.ska ta ufkdaoajdr ù:sfha Ñ;a;h weiqre l< kdu j¾.
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy orhs' ta wkqj fya Ñ;a;" fõokd fyda
Miai iu.ska wrUd kdu iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bka miq tla tla
Ñ;a;hla ;=< jQ kdu j¾. tlla folla fyda ;=kla iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug yels jk f;la Tyqf.a ×dkh jvkafkah' fufia fhoSfuka
wjidkfhaoS ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr Ñ;a; ù:sfha tla tla
Ñ;a;hl tk úúO kdu O¾u ish,a, - j¾. 34 fyda 33 fyda 32 fyda
fõjd - oelSug iu;a fõ'
ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr Ñ;a; ù:shla my; oelafjk
l¾uKH l%shdldÍ& Ñ;a; wkqms<sfj,ska iukaú; fõ'
m<uqj ufkdaoajdrdjcack Ñ;a;h we;s fõ' fhda.djprhd
tys kdu j¾. 12 la iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ'
bka miq cjka is;a 7 la we;s fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=< kdu
j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ'
blaì;sj ;ÞdrïuK 2 la we;s fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=< kdu
34" 33 fyda 32 iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
fhda.djprhd ufkdaoajdr ù:sh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wrUhs'
ula ksido h;a ufkdaoajdr ù:sfha bkaøsh oajdr ù:shg jvd l¾uKH
^l%shdldrS& Ñ;a; j¾. wvq fyhsks'
blaì;sj fhda.djprhd N+; rEm 18 yd wksIamkak rEm 10
tl tlla wdrïuKhla yeáhg fhdÞ ta wdldrhgu ufkdaoajdr
ù:sh iïu¾Ykh lrñka bosrshg hhs'
wk;=rej fhda.djprhd plaLq oajdr ù:sh iïu¾Ykh
wrUhs' fya plaLq oajdr ù:sfha tla tla Ñ;a;hla ;kk kdu ish,a,
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wdldrhgu l,ska WÞyrK jYfhka oelajQ mrsos
m<uqj Ñ;a;" Miai fyda fõokd iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tla Ñ;a;hl
mj;akd ish,q kdu j¾. oelSug iu;a jk f;la kdu .fõIKh
lrñka úúO kdu j¾. iïu¾Ykh lr f.k hhs'
plaLq oajdr ù:sfhys tla tla Ñ;a;hla ìys lrk kdu
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi fhda.djprhd m<uqj plaLqmamido Od;=j;a
miqj ufkdaoajdrh;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bkamiqj ta folu tl jr
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' oajdr foflys u l=vd wKq l,dmhla oDYHudk jQ
úg tys j¾Kh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' fuu wjia:dfõoS
plaLq oajdr ù:sh we;s jk ieá;a" Ñ;a;fha iajdNdúl kHdhg wkqj
th wkqjhk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
plaLq oajdr ù:sh l¾uKH Ñ;a; ih j¾.hl wkqms<sfj,la
iys; jQjla fõ'
m<uqj mCoapoajdrdjcAck Ñ;a;h my< fõ' fhda.djprhd ta
;=< kdu j¾. 11 la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
17 18
Bg miq plaLq úCoaØdKh my< fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=< kdu j¾. 8
la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
Bg miq iïmáÉPk Ñ;a;h my< fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=<
kdu j¾. 11 la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
bka wk;=rej ika;SrK Ñ;a;h my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg ta
;=< kdu j¾. 11 la fyda 12 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
blaì;sj jqÜfGda ^fjd;a:mk& Ñ;a;h my< fõ'
fhda.djprhdg ta ;=< kdu j¾. 12 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
wk;=re j cjka is;a 7 la my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg ta ;=<
kdu j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
blaì;sj ;ÞrïuK 2 la my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg ta ;=<
kdu j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
wk;=rej Njx. Ñ;a;fha laIK lSmhla we;s fõ'
blaì;sj" plaLq oajdr ù:sh fuka tu wruqKu iu.
ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr ù:shla yg.kafka kï" ufkda
oajdrdjcAck Ñ;a;hla my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg kdu j¾. 12
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels fõ'
bka miq cjka is;a 7 la my< fõ' ta ;=< fhda.djprhdg j¾.
34" 33 fyda 32 kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wk;=rej fhda.djprhd Ñ;a;"
Miai fyda fõokd iuÕska werfUk plaLq oajdr yd ufkda oajdr
ù:Skays iEu Ñ;a;hlu yg .kakd úúOdldr kdu O¾u ish,a,
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu wrUhs' ù:s folaysu tla tla Ñ;a;hl mj;akd
ish,q kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la wka kdu O¾u
iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
blaì;sj" plaLq wdh;kh iïnkaOj mj;akd fï ù:s yd
kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jQ l,ays fhda.djprhd tu
wdldrhgu wka wdh;k i;f¾ - fida;" >dK" csõyd yd ldh - tl
tlla iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wkqj fï wjia:dj jk úg Tyq l=i,
Ñ;a;h yd weiqre l< kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yelshdj
j¾Okh lr f.k ;sìh hq;=h'
B <Õg fhda.djprhd wl=i, Ñ;a;j, kdu O¾u
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfia oehs ne,Sug W.kshs' fuh lsrSug
yelsùu msKsi uq, oS fok ,o WÞyrKj,oS l<dla fuka tu
wruqKu .kS' ta tl tlla ms<sn|j wfhdaksfidaukisldrh fhduq
lrhs'
Ndjkdfõ fï wjia:djg <Õd jk úg fhda.djprhd
iudêh jvd rEm 28 u iïu¾Ykh fldg" wNHka;r jYfhka
mj;akd ish,q kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lr we;'
ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSu
fhda.djprhd wNHka;r jYfhka kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh
lsrSfuka wk;=rej ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
fuh lsrSu msKsi Tyq wNHka;r jYfhka Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lr"
Tyq ye| isák jia;%j, Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wrUhs'
fufia lrñka fya ;u jia;%h wKqj,g ì|S hk whqre iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug iu;a fõ' fï tla tla wKq fldgiaj, rEm 8 la we;s nj o
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tajd W;=fjka ksmka wg jeks wKqq fldgi jQ
— cdj˜ hs y|qkajkq ,efí' fuys tajd ìys lrk f;afcdaj kï tla
tla ndysr wKqjl f;afcdA Od;=j hs'
blaì;sj fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg wNHka;r yd ndysr
jYfhka udrefjka udrejg ;=ka y;r j;djla rEmh iïu¾Ykh
lrhs' miq j ish iudê wdf,dalh Ndú; lrñka ;uka jdä ù isák
ìu jeks ;rula wE; ;ekl we;s rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fï tla tla
wKq fldgil 8 j¾.hl rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSugo Tyq iu;a fjhs'
19 20
h<s;a Tyq wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka udrefjka udrejg ;=ka y;r
j;djla rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs’
wk;=rej fya ;uka jdä ù isák f.dvke.s,af,a" .ia we;=¿
f.a jgd fmfofia" rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fï wdldrhg Tyq
;udf.ka ndysr jQ ish,q wm%dKsl rEm;a wNHka;r ish,q rEm;a
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la iïu¾Yk lafIa;%h l%ufhka
mq¿,a lrhs'
we;eï wjia:dj, ndysr rEm iïu¾Ykh lrk úg
fhda.djprhd wm%dKsl jia;=j, mj;akd m%ido rEm o olshs' tfia
jkafka ta ;ekaj, l=vd lDóka yd i;=ka isák neúks' Tyq ta
i;=kaf.a m%ido rEm olshs'
fhda.djprhd wm%dKsl ndysr rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka
wk;=rej im%dKsl iy Ñ;a;h yd ne÷Kq ndysr rEm iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug hhs' ta wfkla cSùkaf.a YrSr ;=< mj;akd rEmh'
fhda.djprhd wk;=rej ndysr i;a;ajhkaf.a rEm
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tajd ñksil=" .eyeKshl" mqoa.,hl= fyda
i;a;ajfhl= fkdj yqfola rEm nj wjfndaO lr .kS' blaì;s j fya
ish,q ndysr rEm tl úg iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wNHka;r yd ndysr
jYfhka mj;akd úúO j¾.fha ish,q rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
ñka woyia lrkqfha plaLqj ;=< wNHka;r yd ndysr j
mj;akd 54 j¾.hl rEm;a" plaLqj ;=< wNHka;rj yd ndysrj
mj;akd 6 j¾.hl wKq;ah' fhda.djprhd wk;=rej l¾u" Ñ;a;"
f;afcda yd ´cd u.ska my< jQ ish,q wdldr rEm ta wdldrhgu b;srs
wdh;k mfyao iïu¾Ykh lrhs' b;srs ish,q wksIamkak rEm j¾.
wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
ñka miq fya kdu O¾u wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug mgka .kS'
wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u mrs.%y lsrSu
m<uqj fya ufkdaoajdr ù:sfhka wNHka;rj kdu O¾u
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu wrUd miqj plaLq oajdr ù:sho uq,ska meyeos,s l<
mrsos ta yd ne|s l=i, fyda wl=i, jQ fyda ish,q kdu O¾uo
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bka miq ndysr jYfhkao th iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
Tyq fuh ndysr plaLq m%ido Od;=jla yd ndysr ufkda m%ido
Od;=jla iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka yd miqj wKq iuQyhl j¾Kh oajdr
foflysu úoHudk jQ úg plaLq oajdr ù:sh yd ufkdaoajdr ù:sho
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka mgka .kS' Tyq fuh wNHka;r yd ndysr
jYfhka h<s h<s;a fndfyda jdr .Kkla lrhs' fuf,i b;srs bkaøsh
oajdr yh u wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka lrhs'
fhda.djprhd OHdkhg iu jeoSug iu;a kï ndysr jq
OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tfy;a Tyqg OHdk
mrsphla fkd ue;af;a kï Tyqg th l< fkd yel'
fï wdldrhg fhda.djprhd wkka; jQ úYajh ;=< rEm
ne,Sug ;uka iu;a jk f;la wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka rEm
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj wkka; jQ úYajh ;=< kdu O¾u ne,Sug
;uka iu;a jk f;la wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej úYajh mqrdu kdu O¾u yd rEm hk
folu iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
blaì;sj fhda.djprhd kdu O¾u yd rEm m%×fjka úNd.
lr n,hs' i;a;ajhska" ñksiqka fyda .eyeKqka fkd olshs' uq¿ úYajh
mqrd u kdu O¾u yd rEm muKla olshs’
máÉpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykh
by; oelajQ wdldrhg fhda.djprhd kdu O¾u yd rEm
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l,ays kdufha yd rEmfha fya;=
21 22
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ' fuhska woyia lrkqfha w;S;"
j¾;udk" wkd.; hk ld,;%h ;=< fya;= M, jYfhka l%shd;aul
jk l%uh úia;r jk máÉpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykh hs'
fhda.djprhdg máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï iu;a
nj j¾Okh lr .ekSï jYfhka l%u lSmhlau we;'
máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a ljr wdldrhlg oehs
fhda.djprfhl=g b.ekaùu msKsi fnfyúkau fhdÞ .kakd l%uh
m<uqfjka j¾;udkfha;a" blaì;sj w;S;fha;a wk;=rej
wkd.;fha;a mCoap ialkaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSuhs' j¾;udk" w;S;
yd wkd.; ld,j, mCoap ialkaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
fhda.djprhd iu;a jQ úg" fï ld,;%fha mefkk fya;=M,
iïnkaO;dj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ' j¾;udk" w;S; yd
wkd.; ld,j, mCoap ialkaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyq iu;a jQ miq
mCoap ialkaOj,ska ljrla fya;= o" ljrla M, o hkqfjka n,hs' bka
miq iQ;%j, yd wgqjdj, W.kajk úúO l%u máÉpiuqmamdoh
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu i|yd bf.k .kshs'
w;S;h iïu¾Ykh lsrSu
w;S;h iïu¾Ykh lsrSu i|yd fhda.djprhd Þ.enla fyda
nqÿ ms<suhla bosrsmsg myka" u,a fyda iqj| ÿï jeks mQcdjla fldg"
meúoafol=" fufyKshl" ñksfil=" .eyeKshl" foúfhl= fyda ;uka
leu;s wka ljfrl= fyda ù bmoSu m%d¾:kd lsrSfuka wrUhs'
blaì;sj fya Ndjkdjg jdä fjhs' iudêh jvd wNHka;r
yd ndysr jYfhka udrefjka udrejg kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh
lrhs' fuh jeo.;ah' ula ksido h;a" fhda.djprhdg ndysr jYfhka
kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fkd yelafla kï w;S;fha
kdu yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug buy;a ÿIalr;djla we;sjk
fyhsks' tfia jkafka j¾;udk& ndysr kdu O¾u yd rEm" w;S; kdu
O¾u yd rEm j,g iudk ,laIK ork neúks'
blaì;sj fhda.djprhd Þ.en fyda nqÿ ms<suh bosrsfha mQcd
meje;aùfïoS mej;s kdu O¾u yd rEm ndysr wdrïuK yeáhg
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy orhs' fufia lrk w;r;=roS" mQcd
mj;ajk wjia:dfõjQ ;udf.au m%;srEmh fmfkkakg mgka .kS'
blaì;s fya ta m%;srEmfha Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
fï m%;srEmh wKq njg m;a jQ miq" oajdr ifhys ish,q rEm
úfYaIfhka yDoh jia;=fõ rEm 54 iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bka miqj fya
Njdx. Ñ;a;h yd Njdx. Ñ;a; w;r jQ mr;rj, ksmka ufkda oajdr
ù:s iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej fï ufkda oajdr ù:s w;r bosrshg;a
wdmiaig;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs' lsf,ai jÜg yd lïu jÜg ufkda
oajdr ù:s y÷kd .kS' lïu jÜg ufkda oajdr ù:shg 34 j¾.hl kdu
O¾u we;s w;r lsf,ai jÜghg we;af;a 20 j¾.hl kdu O¾u muKss'
fhda.djprhd lsf,ai jÜgfha yd lïu jÜgfha kdu O¾u
iïu¾Ykh lr" tajd ord isák rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
mÜÉpiuqmamdo l%ufha jÜg ;=kla we;' tajd lïu jÜg"
lsf,ai jÜg yd úmdl jÜg fõ' mÜÉpiuqmamdofha wx. fÞ<fika
—lïu jÜg— ixLdr yd lïu Nj yÕjk w;r" —lsf,ai jÜg˜
wúoHd" ;Kayd" WmdÞk yÕjhs' —úmdl jÜg—" úCoaØK" kdu rEm"
i<dh;k" iam¾Y yd fõokd olajhs'
WÞyrK yeáhg" nqÿ ms<suhla bosrs msg myka" u,a" iqj| ÿï
mQcd lsrSu yd NslaIqjla f,i bmoSug me;Su .ksuq'
fuys wúoHdj kï 'NslaIqj' i;H yeáhg idjoH f,i
.ekSuh' ;Kaydj kï NslaIq Ôú;hl me;Su" Bg wdYd lsrSuh'
'WmdÞk' kï NslaIqjlf.a cSú;hg we;s ne|Suhs' fï ;=k" tkï
wúcacd" ;Kayd yd WmdÞk lsf,ai jÜgh ;kk Ñ;a;fha tl úg
olakg ,efí'
boska fhda.djprhd nqÿ ms<suhla bosrsmsg myka" u,a fyda
iqj| mqcdjla lr" NslaIqjla f,i h<s bmoSu fjkqjg .eyeKshl
23 24
yeáhg h<s bmoSu me;S kï túg wúoHdj jkafka '.eyeKsh' i;H
yeáhg is;Sfï idjoH oekquhs' ;Kaydj .eyeKshl f,i tu
cSú;hg wdYd lsÍuhs' me;Suhs' .eyeKshl f,i tu cSú;hg ne|Su
WmdÞkhhs'
fï WÞyrK foflysu ixLdr kï nqoaO m%;sudjg myka" u,a
fyda iqj| mQcd lsrSug we;s l=Y, fÉs;kdjhs' l¾uh kï ixLdr yd
ne÷Kq l¾u n,hhs' fï folu máÉp iuqmamdofha lïu jÜg
ilid,k Ñ;a;fha olakg ,efí.
fhda.djprhd uE; w;S;fha lsf,ai jÜg yd lïu jÜgj,
kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l,ays t;ekska u|la
wE;g - mQcdjg u|la fmr l,lg - hhs' ta wjia:dfõ mej;s kdu
O¾u yd rEm ta wdldrhg iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fuf,i tfõf,a mej;s
kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lr h<s;a jrla ;j iaj,amhla
wdmiaig hñka kej; kej; iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fï whqrska fmr osk"
fmr i;shl" fmr uil" fmr jirl" fmr fojirl" fmr
f;jirl wdoS jYfhka kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lrñka
wjidkfha j¾;udk cSú;fha uõ l=i ms<sis| .ekSfï oS my< jQ
mQ¾jNjh yd wdY%s; kdu O¾u iy rEm oelSug yels jk f;la
w;S;hg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ'
óg fya;= úu¾Ykh lrñka fhda.djprhd ;j ÿrg;a
w;S;hg hdug iu;a fõ' fmr wd;aufha urK fudfydf;a mej;s
kdu O¾u yd rEm fyda urKdikak cjk wdrïuKh fyda olshs'
urKdikak cjkhg ;sìh yels ksñ;s ;=kls' tajd kï(
1' lïu wruqK - odkh jeks ls%hdjka cks; l< is;=ú,s
2' lïu ksñ;a; - od.en" NslaIqj" u,a fyda mQcd NdKavhla
3' .;s ksñ;a; - mqoa.,fhl= h<s Wmosk ;ek¦ ñksfil=g
kï ujf.a .¾NdIh' fuh idudkHfhka r;= m,ila
fuka r;= mdg fõ'
boska fhda.djprhdg urKdikak kdu O¾u yd rEm
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels kï" túg urKdikak cjkh - l¾u" l¾u
ksñ;a; fyda .;s ksñ;a; fyda fõjd - iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyqg
.eg¨jla fkd jkafkah' fï wdrïuKh mqk¾Nj ^máikaê&
úCoaØKh Wmojk l¾u fõ.h ksid we;s fõ' boska Tyqg fuh
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels kï" j¾;udk cSú;fha M,h jQ mCoap
ialkaaOh cks; l< ixLdr yd l¾uh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fjhs'
ixLdr yd l¾u iïu¾Ykh l< miq tajdg mQ¾j.dó jQ wúcacd"
;Kayd yd WmdÞk iïu¾Ykh lsrSug h;ak orhs' bka miqj lïu
jÜg yd lsf,ai jÜg wdY%s; wfkl=;a kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
tajd j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 ls'
mÜÑpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykhg WÞyrK
WÞyrKhla yeáhg" tla fhda.djpr ;eke;a;shla iudêhg
we;=¿j urKdikak wjia:dj msrslaid kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh
l< úg ;ud fn!oaO NslaIqjlg m,;=rla mQcd lrk l¾uh ÿgqjdh'
miq j weh fn!oaO NslaIqjg m,;=r mQcd lrk wjia:dfõ mej;s Od;=
i;rska mgka f.k kdu O¾u yd rEm ;j ÿrg;a iïu¾Ykh l<dh'
túg ta ;eke;a;sh fnfyúka ÿ.S kQ.;a .eñ .eyekshl jq nj;a" ;ud
isák ÿ(Å; ;;a;ajh l,amkd fldg úYd, k.rhl W.;a
;eke;a;shl ùu m;ñka tu NslaIqjg mQcdjla lr we;s nj;a ÿgqjdh'
fuys wúoHdj kï —úYd, k.rhl W.;a ;eke;a;sh˜ hkak
i;Hhls hk idjoH oekqu hs' W.;a .eyeKshl yeáhg cSú;hlg
leu;s ùu yd thg we;s wdYdj ;Kaydj h' W.;a ;eke;a;shl
yeáhg Bg ne|S hdu WmdÞkh hs' fn!oaO NslaIqjlg m,;=rla mQcd
lsrSug mej;s l=i, fÉ;kd ixLdrhs' l¾uh kï ta ixialdrj,
l¾u Yla;shhs'
j¾;udk cSú;fha wE ñhkaudrfha úYd, k.rhl W.;a
.eyeKshls' wef.a fmr cSú;fha m,;=rla mQcd lsrSfï l¾u n,h
j¾;udk cSú;fha M,h jQ mCoap ialkaOh ;ekqfka flfia oehs
ksjeros oiqklska >Dcqju iïu¾Ykh lsrSug weh iu;a jQjdh’
25 26
fhda.djprfhl= fï wdldrhg fya;= yd M, iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
iu;a jQ l,ays ta ×Kh —mÉphmrs.a.yØK— ke;fyd;a kdu rEm
O¾uj, fya;= iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh hs lshkq ,efí'
;j;a WÞyrKhla fufiah' tla mqreIfhla urKdikak
wjia:dj úuiñka yd iïu¾Ykh lrñka isák úg urKdikak
cjk wjia:dfõ l¾u wruqKq y;rla tlsfkl ;rÕ lrkq ÿgqfõh'
tla l¾uhla fn!oaO .%ka: W.ekaùu yd iïnkaOj úh' ;fjlla
O¾uh b.ekaùfuys h' ;j;a tlla Ndjkdj yd iïnkaOj h' wjika
tl Ndjkdj b.ekaùu úh' fï cSú;fha M,h jq wÞ< ialkaO
mCoaplh cks; lf<a fï l¾u i;rska ljrla oehs fiùfï oS M,h
,nd oS ;snqfka Ndjkd l¾uh nj Tyq ÿgqfõ h' urKdikak cjkfha
wruqK ù we;af;a ta l¾uh hs' l=uk Ndjkd wruqKla m%.=K lrñka
isáfhaoehs ;j ÿrg;a úuiSfï oS úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj m%.=K lrñka yd
kdu rEmj, wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; hk ;%s,laIK fhdod .ksñka isg
we;s nj ÿgqfõh' ;j ÿrg;a mrSlaId lsrSfï oS iEu Ndjkd
m¾hxlhlg fmr;a miqj;a ñksfil= f,i h<s;a bmoSug;a" NslaIqjla
ùug;a" nqoaO O¾uh m;=re jk NslaIqjla ùug;a me;Sula ;=nqKq neõ
ÿgqfõh'
fuys wúoHdj kï —msrsñfhl=" NslaIqjla fyda nqÿoyu
m;=rejk NslaIqjla— hkak i;Hhls hk idjoH ú.%yh hs' ;Kaydj
kï Bg leu;s ùu wdYd lsrSu h' WmdÞkh kï Bg we,Suh' ixialdr
kï úmiaikd Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSu h' l¾uh kï ta l%shdfõ l¾u
n,hhs'
fhda.djprfhl= wdikaku fmr Njh iïu¾Ykh lsrsfï oS
fmr Njfha wúoHdj" ;Kaydj" WmdÞk" ixLdr yd l¾u hk fya;=
my;a" j¾;udk Njfha máikaê Ñ;a;" kdu rEm" i<dh;k" Miai yd
fõokd hk M, my;a oelSug iu;a jQ l,ays ta wdldrhg u
wkqms<sfj,ska fojk" f;jk yd isjq jk w;S; Njj,g wdmiaig
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h' fï wdldrhg yels muK w;S;hg wdmiaig
iïu¾Ykh lrkafkah' blaì;s j fya ta wdldrhg u wkd.;h o
n,hs' th lsrSu i|yd j¾;udk rEm yd kdu iïu¾Ykh lrñka
werôh hq;= w;r fï Njfha urK fudfyd; olajd wkd.;h
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' tu fudfydf;a fï Njfha Tyq isÿ l< úfYaI
l¾ufha n,h ksid yg .kakd l¾u wruqK fyda .;s ksñ;a;
^W;am;a;s ia:dkh& ne,Sug iu;a fjhs' bka miq Tyq u;= Njfha yg
.kakd m%;sikaê Ñ;a;h yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fjhs'
wkd.; Njh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï oS" boska th n%yau
f,dalfha jkafka kï tys plaLq" fida; yd ufkda hk oajdr ;=k
muKla we;s jkafkah' foaj yd ukqIH Njj, oajdr ih ne.ska fõ'
fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg os.gu .fõIKh lrhs' fYaI
fkd fldg wúoHdj my jk f;la - fuh isÿ jkqfha w¾y;a ud¾.hg
msúiqu;a iu. h - iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h' bka miq j fya fYaI fkd
fldg ialkaO mCoaplh ksreoaO jk f;la - fuh isÿjkqfha
mrsks¾jdKhg m;a ùfuka miqjh - iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta ksid ;ud
wry;a Ndjhg yd mrsks¾jdKhg m;ajk f;la wkd.; Nj fndfyda
ixLHdjla iïu¾Ykh lsrSug isÿ fõ' fï wkqj ish,q O¾uhka
ksreoaO ùu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyqg yels fõ'
fï wdldrhg w;S;fha" j¾;udkfha yd wkd.;fha ialkaO
mCoaplh yd tyss mj;akd fya;= M, iïnkaO;dj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
iu;a jQ l,ays ^fuh mia jeks l%uh hs& fï ish,a, m%:u l%ufhka
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfia oehs Tyqg W.kajkq ,efí'
máÉpiuqmamdo m<uq l%uh Nj ;=kla mqrd mj;S' wkqf,dau
l%uhg wkqj fmr Njfha fya;= wúoHdj yd ixLdrj,ska werfò'
fïjd j¾;udk Njfha máikaê úCoaØKh" kdu rEm" i<dh;k"
Miai yd fõokd hk M, we;s lrhs' blaì;s j fuu Njfha ;Kayd"
Wmd\k yd Nj hk fya;= u;= Njfha cd;s" crd" urK yd ish,q
wdldrfha ÿla we;s lrhs’
fhda.djprhd lsf,ai jÜgfha wúoHd" ;Kayd yd WmdÞk
27 28
úu¾Ykh l< hq;=j we;' lsf,ai jÜgh lïu jÜg we;s lrkafka
flfia o hkak yd wfkla w;g ms<sis| .kakd wjia:dfõ rEm yd
kdu jQ ialkaO mCoaplh we;s lrkafka flfia o hkak iïu¾Ykh
lrhs' B<Õg fï in|;dj oelSfuka ;ud ksjeros foa iïu¾Ykh lr
we;aoehs úuish hq;= h' fï i|yd l¾u n,h oelSug Tyq iu;a úh
hq;= w;r ms<sis| .kakd wjia:dfõ oS th mqk¾Nj kdurEm i;H
jYfhka we;s lrkafka flfia oehs ne,Sug iu;a úh hq;=h'
máÉpiuqmamdo miajeks l%uhg yd m%:u l%uhg wkqj flfia
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= o hkak ms<sn| flá meyeos,s lsrSuls fuh'
ØK oyih
máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh lsr sfuka wk;=rej
fhda.djprhd ks¾jdKh ,nd .kakd f;la úo¾Ykdj jeäh hq;=h.
ksjKg meñKSu msKsi úo¾Ykd ØK oyihla l%udkql+,j
,nd .; hq;=h'
m%:u ØKh kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh ^kdu rEm
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï ØKh& hs' kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a
flfia oehs meyeos,s lsrSfïsoS fuh wm úia;r lr we;'
fojeks ØKh mÉph mrs.a.y ØKh ^kdu rEmj, fya;=
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï ØKh& hs' fuh o w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;
Njj, kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfiao yd máÉpiuqmamdoh
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfiao hk lreKq meyeos,s lsrSfïoS by;
i|yka fldg we;'
m<uq ØK fol fuf,i jevQ fhda.djprhd tajd iïmQ¾K
lr .ekSu msKsi ish,q kdu" ish,q rEm" máÉpiuqmamdofha ish,q wx.
,laLK" ri ^lD;H&" mÉpqmÜGdk ^jegySu - m%ldYhg m;aùu&"
moÜGdk wdikak ldrK& jYfhka h<s;a iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fuh
fláfhka meyeos,s lsrSu ÿIalrh' Tn úia;r oek.ekSug leue;af;ys
kï ienEjgu m%.=K lrk wjia:dfõoS th bf.kSu b;d fyd|h’
;=ka jk ØKh kï iïuik ØKh ^.=K jYfhka ilia
ùu wjfndaO lr .ekSfï ØKh& hs' fï ØK j¾Okh ixL; O¾u
kdu rEm jYfhka .K follg" mCoap ialkaO f,i .K mylg"
oajdoY wdh;k f,i .K fÞ<ylg" wÜGdri 18& Od;= f,i .K oy
wglg" máÉpiuqmamdofha wx. fÞ<i wkqj .K fÞ<ilg fnoSu yd
nef|a' blaì;s fhda.djprhd fï .K tl tllg udrefjka udrejg
wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au hk ;%s,laIKh fhd\ .kshs'
WÞyrK yeáhg wk;a; ,laLK iQ;%fha olajk ,o l%uhla
we;' tys nqÿka jykafia w;S;" j¾;udk" wkd.; ish,q rEm" fúokd"
ix×" ixialdr yd úCoaCodK" uy;a jQ fyda iQCIau jQ" wNHka;r fyda
ndysr jQ" ySk my;aa& fyda m%KS; jQ" wE; fyda <Õ fyda fõjd uu fkd
fjñ" uf.a fkd fõ" wd;au fkd fõ hs iïudosÜGsfhka iïu¾Ykh
lrhs'
fï ØKh jeãu msKsi fhda.djprhd p;=¾: OHdkh olajd
wkqms<sfj,ska iudêh h<s msysgqjñka werôh hq;= h' boska Tyq Y=Ial
úo¾Yl mqoa.,fhl= f,i p;=Od;= Ndjkdj muKla jvd we;akï
ish iudê wdf,dalh oSma;su;a yd Yla;su;a jk f;la iudêh h<s
msysgqúh hq;= h' blaì;s Tyq i<dh;kfha tl tll NjH rEm
iïu¾Ykh lrñka wrUhs'
wk;=rej fya rEmh .Khla yeáhg tlg .kS' ta rEmh yg
.kakd ieá ^Woh& yd ìf|k ieá ^jh& .ek wjOdkh fhduq lrhs'
m%×j fhdoñka th wks;H yeáhgolshs' Tyq fï ,CIKh jrla
wNHka;r jYfhka o wk;=rej ndysr jYfhka o h<s h<s;a fhdÞ .kS'
fuh ndysr jYfhka m%.=K lrñka fï ix×j l%u l%ufhka <Õ isg
wkka; jQ úYajh olajd m;=rejhs'
blaì;s fya h<s;a rEmh .Khla yeáhg tlg .kS' ta rEmfha
yg.ekau yd ì|S hdu fya;=fjka flfkl=g ksrka;rfhka ú|Sug
isÿjk ÿl yd fõokdj flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' miqj
29 30
m%×fjka hqla; j th ÿlla yeáhg olshs' fya jrla wNHka;r
jYfhkao jrla ndysr jYfhkao h<s h<s;a fï ,CIK fhdÞ .kshs'
fuh ndysr jYfhka lrñka Tyq fï ix×j l%u l%ufhka <Õ isg
wkka; jQ úYajh f;la m;=rejhs'
blaì;sj Tyq h<s;a ta rEmh .Khla yeáhg .kS' ks;H
wd;auhlska f;dr jQjla yeáhg ta rEmhg wjOdkh fhduq lrhs'
m%×fjka hqla;j th wkd;au yeáhg olS' Tyq fï ,CIKh jrla
wNHka;r jYfhka o jrla ndysr jYfhkao h<s h<s;a fhdÞ .kS'
fuh ndysr jYfhka lrñka Tyq fï ix×j l%u l%ufhka <Õ isg
wkka; jQ úYajh f;la m;=rejhs'
fhda.djprhdg fuh l< yels úg Tyq fï ;%s,laIKh ta
wdldrhg kduhg o fhdojhs' m<uqj Tyq bkaøsh oajdr ifhys
yg.kakd ish,q kdu iïu¾Ykh lrhs' óg úCoaØKh;a" tla tla
bkaøsh oajdr ù:sj, tla tla laIKhl mj;akd kdu O¾u;a" ù:s w;r
yg.kakd Njx. Ñ;a;h;a we;=<;ah'
blaì;sj fya ta kdu .Khla yeáhg .kS' ta kduj, bmoSu
yd ì|S hdu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' m%×fjka tajd wks;H
yeáhg olS' Tyq fï ,laIKh jrla wNHka;r jYfhkao" jrla ndysr
jYfhkao h<s h<s;a fhdÞ .kS' fuh ndysr jYfhka lrñka fya tu
ix×j uE; isg wkka; jQ úYajh f;la m;=rejhs'
blaì;sj fya ta kdu .Khla yeáhg .kS' ta kduhkaf.a
yg.ekau yd ì|S hdu fya;=fjka flfkl=g ksrka;rfhka ú|Sug
isÿjk ÿl yd fõokdj flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' m%×fjka th
ÿla yeáhg okS'
blaì;sj fya ta kdu .Khla yeáhg .kS' ks;H wd;auhlska
f;dr jQjla yeáhg ta kduhg wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' m%×fjka th
wkd;au yeáhg okS'
blaì;sj fya m<uqj fï ;%s,laIKh máikaê úCoaØKfha
isg pq;s Ñ;a;h olajd jQ fï Njfha ish,q rEmhkag;a bka miqj
máikaê úCoaØKfha isg pq;s Ñ;a;h olajd jQ fï Njfha ish,q
kduhkag;a fhdÞ .kS' Tyq fï ;%s,laIKh jrlg tl ne.ska h<s
h<s;a wNHka;rj yd ndysrj fï Njfha ish,q kdu rEmhkg
fhdojhs'
bka miqj Tyq fï ;%s,laIKh" Tyqg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels
jQ w;S;" j¾;udk" wkd.; ish,q rEmj,g;a ish,q kduj,g;a
fhdojhs' fï ;%s,laIKh jrlg tl ne.ska h<s h<s;a w;S;"
j¾;udk yd wkd.; ish¨q rEmj,g;a ish¨q kduj,g;a fhdojhs'
fhda.djprhd fufia lsrSfï oS jvd;a Wiia úo¾Ykdjla
jeãug;a wkql%ufhka w¾y;a nj ,eîug;a yels nj olskq we;'
boska Tyqg th lsrSfï ÿIalr;djla we;akï Tyqf.a úo¾Ykdj
Yla;su;a lsrSug m%.=K l< hq;= wNHdi lSmhlau we;'
m<uq wNHdih kï w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;" wNHka;r
fyda ndysr kdu yd rEmj,g wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; hkqfjka i;<sia
wdldr wkqmiaikd fhdÞ .ekSu hs' md<s NdIdfõ fï y;<sia wdldr
wkqmiaikd zf;dZ hk m%;Hfhka wjidk fõ' tfyhska tajd —f;d˜
y;<sy hkqfjka ye|skafõ'
wks;H ldKavfha zf;dZ oyhla we;'
1' wksÉpf;d - wks;H jYfhka
2' mf,dlf;d - leã ì|S hdu jYfhka
3' p,f;d - pm, wia:sr& jYfhka
4' mNÙ.=f;d - CIKhlska úkdYùï jYfhka
5' woaOqjf;d - Ñria:dhS fkd ùï jYfhka
6' úmrskdu Oïuf;d - fjkiaùï jYfhka
7' widrf;d - yrhla ke;s neõ jYfhka
8' úNjf;d - WÉfPao jYfhka
9' ixL;f;d - ilia lrk ,oaola jYfhka
10' urK Oïuf;d - urKh iajNdj fldg ;sîu jYfhka
31 32
ÿ·L ldKavfha 25 ls'
1' ÿlaLf;d - ÿla jYfhka
2' frda.f;d - frda. jYfhka
3' .Kavf;d - .vqjla jYfhka
4' i,a,f;d - W,la jYfhka
5' w>f;d - jHik jYfhka
6' wdndOf;d - wdndO jYfhka
7' B;sf;d - jix.;hla jYfhka
8' Wmoaojf;d - Wmøj jYfhka
9' Nhf;d - Nh jYfhka
10' Wmiai.a.f;d - Nhdkl wk;=rla jYfhka
11' w;dKf;d - /ljrKh ke;s jQjla jYfhka
12' wf,Kf;d - wdjrKhla ke;s jQjla jYfhka
13' wirKf;d - irKla ke;s jQjla jYfhka
14' wdoSkjf;d - wk;=rla jYfhka
15' w>uq,lf;d - úm;a;s uq,la jYfhka
16' jOlf;d - >d;khla jYfhka
17' idijf;d - wdY%j jYfhka
18' udrdñif;d - udrhdf.a f.dÿrla jYfhka
19' cd;s Oïuf;d - cd;s iajNdj jYfhka
20' crd Oïuf;d - crd iajNdj jYfhka
21' jHdê Oïuf;d - jHdê iajNdj jYfhka
22' fidl Oïuf;d - fYdal iajNdj jYfhka
23' mrsfoajf;d - je<mSï iajNdj jYfhka
24' Wmdhdif;d - n,dfmdfrd;a;= rys; neõ jYfhka
25' ixlsf,i Oïuf;d - laf,aY wjk;Ndj jYfhka
wk;a; ldKavfha 'f;d' myls'
1' mrf;d - wka i;= jYfhka
2' rs;a;f;d - ysia jYfhka
zf;dZ
3' ;=ÉPf;d - fkdják jYfhka
4' iq[a[f;d - Y=kH jYfhka
5' wk;a;f;d - wkd;au jYfhka
zf;dZ y;<sy kduhg yd wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka w;S;"
j¾;udk yd wkd.; rEmj,g Ndú; lrk iuyrekf.a úo¾Ykdj
w¾y;aNdjh ,nd .ekSu olajd u j¾Okh fjhs'
boska fhda.djprhdg ish úo¾Ykdj ;ju;a Yla;su;a ke;s
nj fmkS hkafka kï rEmh i|yd jq ud¾. y; rEm i;a;l& yd kdu
fjkqfjka jQ ud¾. y; wrEm i;a;l& hkqfjka y|qkajkq ,nk l%u
kduhg;a rEmhg;a ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ksñka W;aidy lrhs'
rEm i;a;l úmiaikd
1' rEm fjkqfjka jQ m<uq l%uh ^wdÞkkslafLmk rEm& kï"
mqk¾Njfha W;am;a;sfha& isg urKh olajd jQ tla cSú; ld,hla
;=< wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka rEmhg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ
ne,Su h'
2' rEm fjkqfjka jQ fojeks l%uh ^jfhdajqoaO;a:.dó rEm& kï"
cSú; ld,h ;=< tla tla ld, mrsÉfPaohl wNHka;r ndysr
jYfhka rEmhg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,Suh' fï i|yd
fhda.djprhd cSú; ld,h jir 100 la yeáhg f.k jir 33 lska
iukaú; ld, mrsÉfPao ;=klg fnohs' m<uq ld, mrsÉfPaofha
tlS rEmh fojeks ld, mrsÉfPaohg fkd hhs' fojk ld,
mrsÉfPaofha mej;s rEmh f;jeks ld, mrsÉfPaohg fkd hhs'
ld, mrsÉfPao ;=< ìysjqKq rEm tu ld,h ;=<u Nx. jQ nj fya
olshs'
cSú; ld,hla ld, mrsÉfPAo ;=klg fnoSfuka wk;=rej fya
cSú; ld,h l=vd ld, mrsÉfPAoj,g kej; fnohs' blaì;sj
;%s,laIKh tla tla ld, mrsÉfPAohlg fhdÞ n,hs' Tyq cSú;
ld,h fufia fnÞ ,hs(
33 34
jir 10 la jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 10¦ jir 5 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 20¦
jir 4 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 25¦ wjqreÿ 2 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo
50¦ jir ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 100'
B<Õg udi 4 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 300¦ udi 2 ne.ska
jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 600¦ wv ui ne.ska jq ld, mrsÉfPAo 2400'
B<Õg fya iEu osklau fldgia 2 lg fnohs' miqj
fldgia 6 lg fnohs' fï iEu ld, mrsÉfPAohlu jQ rEm ta
ld,fha oSu Nx. fõ' B<Õ ld, mrsÉfPAohg fkd hhs'
tfyhska wks;Hh¦ ÿlaLh¦ wkd;auh'
Bg miq fhda.djprhd YrSrfha tla tla wx. p,khl
ld, mrsÉfPAohlg ;%s ,CIKh fhdÞ n,hs' bosrshg hdu"
miaig tau" we;=<; ne,Su" msg; ne,Su" w; mh keóu fyda
w; mh oss. yerSu hk ld, mrsÉfPAohhs
bkamiq Tyq ;nk tla tla mshjrla - tiùu" bosrshg
f.k hdu" me;a;lg f.k hdu" my;a lsrSu" ìu ;eîu"
ia:sr j isàu hk fldgia yhlg fnohs' mshjrl fï tla
tla fldgilg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ n,hs¡
3' rEm fjkqfjka jq f;jk l%uh kï" wdydr ksid yg .kakd rEm
^wdydr rEm& fj; ;%s,laIKh fhoSuhs' fuh fhda.djprhdg l=i
.sks we;s ld,h ;=< yd m%udKj;a wdydrhla wkqNj lrkq ,enq
ld,h ;=< rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSu yd fï tla tla ld,
mrsÉfPaohl jQ rEm fj; ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ.ekSuh'
4' rEm fjkqfjka jQ isjq jeks l%uh kï >D;= ksid jQ rEmhg W;=c
rEm& ;%s,CIKh fhdÞ .ekSuhs' fuh lrkqfha Tyqg WIaKh
oekqKq úg mj;akd rEmh yd Tyqg iS; oekqKq úg mj;akd rEmh
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu;a fï tla tla wjia:djl tlS rEmhg
;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu;ah’
5' rEmh fjkqfjka jQ mia jk l%uh kï l¾ufhka yg.;a rEmhg
^l¾uc rEm& ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,Suhs' fuh lrkqfha plaLq
oajdr" fida; oajdr" >dK oajdr" csõyd oajdr" ldh oajdr yd ufkda
oajdr hk bkaøsh oajdr yh weiqre l< rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuks'
blaì;sj fï ljr fyda oajdrhl rEm fjk;a oajdrhlg fkd
meñfKk nj yd ta ta wÞ< oajdrfha bmoS tysu ksreoaO jk nj;a
olsñka fï tla tla oajdrhl jq rEmhlg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ n,hs'
6' rEmh fjkqfjka jQ ih jekss l%uh kï Ñ;a;h ksid yg .;a
rEmhlg Ñ;a;c rEm& ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSuhs' fuh lrkqfha
fhda.djprhd i;=gq yd ;=gqmygq jQ úg;a" wi;=gq yd ÿlauqiq jQ úg;a
mej;s rEmh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka yd fï tla tla wjia:djl
mej;s rEmhg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSfukah'
7' rEmh fjkqfjka jQ i;a jeks l%uh kï iajdNdúl rEmhg
^O¾u;d rEm& ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,Suh' iajdNdúl rEm kï
bkaøshhka yd iïnkaO fkd jQ yd wú[aØKl jQ hlv" ;U" rka"
rsoS" uq;=" ueKsla" msglgq" lsrs .rev" ysrs.,a" moau rd." mia" l÷ yd
me,Eá wdoS jia;=h' fï wdldrfha rEm mj;skqfha ndysrjh'
fï rEm iïnkaO jQ ima; wdldrhh'
wrEm ^kdu& ima;lh
1' kdu iïnkaO m%:u ud¾.h kï l,dmj, kduj,g ;%s,laIKh
fhdÞ .ekSuhs l,dmf;d&' fï i|yd fhda.djprhd rEm ima;lh
m%.=K lrk wjia:dfõoS rEmfhaa ;%s,laIKh msrsis| o;a ukig
;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .kS' WÞyrK jYfhka rEmhg wÞ< ima;lfha
ish,q rEm úo¾Ykdj ;=<ska wks;H f,i oelSfuka wk;=rej" tu
úo¾Ykd ukiu wks;H yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs¦ bka miqj th
ÿ#L yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs¦ wk;=rej th wkd;au yeáhg
wjf,dalkh lrhs’
rEmhg wÞ< ima;lh wkqj úo¾Ykdfjka ish,q rEm ÿ#L yeáhg
35 36
oelSfuka wk;=rej" ta úo¾Ykd ukiu wkd;au yeáhg
wjf,dalkh lrh¦ bka miqj th ÿ#L yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs'
wk;=rej th wkd;au yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs'
2' kduh fjkqfjka jQ fojk ud¾.h jkafka hq., jYfhka kduhg
;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSuhs hulf;d&' fuysoS fhda.djprhd rEmh
fjkqfjkajQ ima;lfha tla tla l%uhlg wkqj rEmh wks;H" ÿ#L
yd wkd;au jYfhka wjf,dalkh lrhs'
3' kduh fjkqfjka jQ f;jk l%uh kï laIK jYfhka kduhg
;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu hs ^LKslf;d&' ta i|yd fhda.djprhd
tla tla jrl rEm i|yd jQ ima;lfha tla tla l%uhl oS rEmh
wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au yeáhg n,hs' fya laIKhlska ta úo¾Ykd
ukiu wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs' blaì;sj
wfkla w;g f;jeks úo¾Ykd ukilska ta fojeks úo¾Ykd
uki wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au f,i wjf,dalkh lrhs' blaì;sj isõ
jk úo¾Ykd ukilska ta f;jk úo¾Ykd uki wks;H" ÿ#L"
wkd;au f,i wjf,dalkh lrhs' blaì;sj mia jk úo¾Ykd
ukilska ta isõ jk úo¾Ykd uki wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au
jYfhka wjf,dalkh lrhs'
4' kdu ima;lfha isjq jeks l%uh kï mrsmdá jYfhka ;%s,laIKh
kduhg fhdÞ .ekSu hs ^mrsmdáf;d&' fuh" by; 3 mrsos
fhda.djprhd tfldf<dia jeks úo¾Ykd ukilska" oi jeks
úo¾Ykd uki wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au jYfhka wjf,dalkh lsrSu
olajd mj;ajd f.k hdu h'
5' kdu ima;lfha mia jeks l%uh oDIaá W;amdgkh ^neyer lsrSu&
i|yd ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu hs osÜGs W.a>dgkf;d&' fï i|yd
fhda.djprhd by; wdldrhg rEmh fjkqfjka jQ 7 l%uh;a" ta
wjia:dj, tys jQ úo¾Ykd uki;a wjf,dalkh lrñka oDIaá -
úfYaIfhka wd;auhla we;ehs hk oDIaáh - u:kh lsrSu msKsi
wkd;au ix×jg oeä wjOdrKhla fhduq lrhs'
6' kdu ima;lfha yh jeks l%uh kï udkh neyer lsrSu i|yd ;%s,laIKh kduhg fhdÞ .ekSu hs udk W.a>dgkf;d&' ta i|yd fhda.djprhd by; wdldrhg rEmh fjkqfjka jQ 7 l%uh;a" ta wjia:dj, mej;s úo¾Ykd uki;a wjf,dalkh lrñka udkh ÿre lsrSu i|yd wks;H ix×j flf¾ jeä wjOdrKhla fhduq lrhs'
7' kdu ima;lfha y;a jeks l%uh kï we,Su wjika lsrSu i|yd ;%s,laIKh kduhg fhdÞ .ekSu hs ^kslka;smrshdÞk&' ta i|yd fhda.djprhd by; wdldrhg rEmh fjkqfjka jQ 7 l%uh;a¦ ta wjia:dj, mej;s úo¾Ykd uki;a wjf,dalkh lrñka we,Su uev meje;aùu i|yd ÿ#L ix×j flfrys jeä wjOdrKhla fhduq lrhs'
rEmh i|yd jQ l%u 7 rEm ima;l& yd kdu i|yd jQ l%u y; wrEm ima;l& jeãu u.ska rEm yd kdu foj¾.hu Tng meyeos,s jkq we;'
fhda.djprhd ixLdr mqCoAchka ms<sn| oekqu j¾Okh lr .kafk fuf,ih' blaì;sj fya ixialdrhkaf.a Woh yd Nx.h ms<sn| oekqu jeãug W;aidy lrhs'
iuqoh OïudkqmiaiS
ixialdrhkaf.a Woh yd Nx.h ms<sn| oekqu fohdldrhl oekquls' m<uq jekak ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h laIK jYfhka ^LKf;da& oelSuh' fojekak ixialdrhkaf.a fya;= m%;H jYfhka W;amdoh yd ksfrdaOh mÉphf;da& oelSu hs' fï tla tlla h<s;a fldgia ;=klg fnfoa'
1' laIKsl W;amdoh" laIKsl Nx.h" laIKsl Woh yd Nx.h2' fya;= m%;H Woh" fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh" fya;= m%;H Woh yd ksfrdaOh
37 38
wdrïNhla yeáhg" ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h
iïu¾Ykh lrk flá l%uhla we;' fuh jeãu msKsi
fhda.djprhd m<uqj" kdurEmj, laIKsl W;amdoh yd Nx.h"
m[apialkaOh" oajdoYdh;k" Od;= oy wg" p;=rd¾h i;Hh fyda
máÉp iuqmamdoh w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; ld, jYfhka yd
wNHka;r ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj fya fïjdys
laIKsl W;amdoh yd Nx.h iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tajdg ;%s,laIKh
fhdohs' fï flá l%uh ixialdrj, laIKsl W;amdoh yd ksfrdAOh
oelSu mokï fldg mj;S'
iúia;r l%uhg jeãu msKsi fhda.djprhd kdurEmhkaf.a
laIKsl W;amdoh yd Nx.h hk fol;a" m[apialkaO" oajdoYdh;k"
Od;= oy wg" p;=iai;Hh" fyda máÉp iuqmamdoh hk tajd;a fya;=
m%;H jYfhka W;amdoh yd Nx.h oelsh hq;=h'
m<uqj fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl W;amdoh yd ta
O¾uhkaf.a W;amdohg fya;= h<s h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
WÞyrKhla yeáhg rEm iïnkaOfhka máÉpiuqmamdo
l%uhg wkqj jq wjf,dalkh u.ska rEmhkaf.a fya;= m%;Hh W;amdoh
iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
1' wúoHdfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'
2' ;Kaydfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'
3' Wmdodkfha W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'
4' ixLdrj, W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'
5' l¾uhkaf.a W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'
blaì;s fya l¾uc rEmj, laIKsl W;amdoh iïu¾uYkh lrhs'
th ta rEmfha laIKsl W;amdohhs'
Tyq Ñ;a;c" W;=c" wdydrc hk wksla rEmj, fï fohdldr
W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
6' WÞyrK yeáhg fya Ñ;a;" Ñ;a;c rEmfha W;amdoh isÿ lrjk
nj iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=re j fya Ñ;a;c rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl
W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
7' fya >D;=" >D;=c ^W;=c& rEmfha W;amdoh isÿ lrk nj
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' miqj fya W;=c rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl W;amdoh
iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
8' fya wdydrh ^´cd& wdydrc rEmfha W;amdoh isÿ lrk nj
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' miqj fya wdydrc rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl
W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
jhOïudkqmiaiS
fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl W;amdoh yd O¾uhkaf.a
fya;= m%;H W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l," Tyq
O¾uhkaf.a Nx.h;a O¾uhkaf.a Nx.hg fya;=;a h<s h<s;a
wjf,dalkh lrhs jhOïudkqmiaiS&'
WÞyrK yeáhg rEm úIfhys oS rEmhkaf.a fya;= m%;H
ksfrdaOh máÉpiuqmamdo l%uhg wkqj olsñka(
1' wúoHdfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"
2' ;DIaKdfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"
3' Wmdodkfha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"
4' ixLdrhkaf.a ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"
5' l¾ufha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs
hkqfjka olS'
blaì;sj fya l¾uc rEmhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh
lrhs' ta rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl Nx.hhs' wksl=;a Ñ;a;c" W;=c yd
wdydrc rEmhkaf.a fohdldr W;amdoho iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
6' Ñ;a; ksfrdaOh Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lr;shs
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a yqÿ laIKsl
ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
7' fya W;= ksfrdaOh W;=c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjk nj
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;s j W;=c rEmhkaf.a yqÿ laIKsl
ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
8' fya wdydr ^´cd& ksfrdaOh wdydrc rEmhkaf.a cks; lrjk nj
39 40
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj wdydrc rEmhkaf.a yqÿ laIKsl
ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
fï wdldrhg fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh oelSu hkq wkd.;fha
ks¾jdKh iïmQ¾K fldg .kakd wjia:dfõ fï O¾uj,
ksfrdaOh oelSuhs' fuh Tyq w¾y;a M,hg m;ajk cSú;fha
wjidkfha isÿ fõ'
fï wdldrhg Tyq rEmhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh;a fya;= m%;H
ksfrdaOh;a hk folu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ' blaì;sj
Tyqg kduO¾uhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh;a fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh;a
oelSug we;'
iuqohjhOïudkqmiaiS
fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh;a" O¾uhkaf.a
fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh;a hk fol u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ úg
O¾uhkaf.aa W;amdoh;a Nx.h;a hk folu tlg h<s h<s;a
wjf,dalkh lrhs' fuys O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl W;amdoh;a laIKsl
Nx.h;a" O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H W;amdoh;a fya;= m%;H Nx.h;a hk
folu wka;¾.; fõ iuqoh jhOïudkqmiaiS&'
rEm iïnkaOfhka my; oelafjk& oelau we;=<;ah'
1' wúoHdfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
wúoHdfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
wúoHdj wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'
2' ;Kaydfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
;Kaydfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
;Kaydj wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'
3' WmdÞkfha W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
WmdÞkfha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
WmdÞkh wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'
4' ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks;
lrjhs'
ixialdrhkaf.a ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks;
lrjhs'
ixialdr wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'
5' l¾ufha W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
l¾ufha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
l¾uh wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'
6' Ñ;a; Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
Ñ;a; ksfrdaOh Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
Ñ;a; wks;Hhs' Ñ;a;c rEmh wks;Hhs'
7' W;= W;=c rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
W;= ksfrdaOh W;=c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
W;= wks;Hhs' W;=c rEmh wks;Hhs'
8' wdydr wdydrc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'
wdydr ksfrdaOh wdydrc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'
wdydr wks;Hhs' wdydrc rEmh wks;Hhs'
fhda.djprhd rEmfha laIKsl W;amdoh yd laIKsl
Nx.h;a" rEmfha fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd fya;= m%;H Nx.h;a hk
folu okafka fï wdldrhgh' bkamiq Tyqg kdufha laIKsl
W;amdoh yd laIKsl Nx.h;a" kdufha fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd fya;=
m%;H Nx.h;a oelSug we;'
fhda.djprhd fuf,i ialkaO mfya u W;amdoh yd Nx.h
oelSug iu;a úh hq;=h' fï oelau hkq iEu Ñ;a; laIKhla mdidu
mCoap ialkaOfha W;amdoh;a Nx.h;a oelSuhs' fuys" 'ù:s uq;a; Ñ;a;'
hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk máikaê Ñ;a;" Njx. Ñ;a; yd pq;s Ñ;a;
hk tajdys W;amdo yd Nx. wjia:dj, mej;s ialkaO mCoaplh
we;=<;a fõ' tys bkaøsh oajdr ù:s ifhys ljr fyda Ñ;a; laIKhl
mj;akd laIKsl m[ap ialkaOh o we;=<;a fõ'
Bg" fï cSú;fha Njfha& ialkaO mCoaplh my< lrùu l<
wúoHdj jeks w;S; Nj fya;= oelSu;a" wkd.;fha w¾y;a njg
41 42
m;aùu;a iu. wúoHdj wdosfha ksfrdaOh oelSu;a" bkamiqj ialkaO
mCoaplh ksreoaO lrjk mQ¾K ks¾jdKhla we;=<;a fõ'
mCoap ialkaOfha laIKsl W;amdoh yd laIKsl Nx.h;a"
mCoap ialkaOfha fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd Nx.h;a" mCoap ialkaOhg
wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; hk ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu;a fhda.djprhdg
iïu¾Ykh l< yelafla fï wdldrhgh' Tyq wNHka;r mCoap
ialkaOh;a" ndysr jQ mCoap ialkaOh;a w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;
mCoap ialkaOh;a fufia iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
mCoap ialkaOh iïnkaOfhka fufia lsrSug iu;a jQ miq
máÑpiuqmamdofha m<uq l%uh Ndú;hg .ksñkao th jeäh yel'
tysoS Tyq O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lrk úg Tyq
máÑpiuqmamdofha tla tla wx.hla wkqf,dau l%uhg iïu¾Ykh
lrhs'
fï wkqj fhda.djprhd fufia olshs' wúoHdj ixialdr
Wmojhs¦ ixialdr úCoaØKh Wmojhs¦ úCoa Kh kdu rEm Wmojhs
kdu rEm i<dh;k Wmojhss¦ i<dh;k Miai Wmojhss¦ Miai fõokd
Wmojhs¦ fõokd ;Kayd Wmojhss¦ ;Kayd WmdÞk Wmojhss¦ WmdÞk
Nj Wmojhss¦ Nj cd;s Wmojhss¦ cd;s crd urK fYdal mrsfoaj ÿlaL
^YdrSrsl fõokd& fÞukiai udkisl fõokd& yd Wmdhdi Wmojhs'
fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh
lrk l,ays máÑpiuqmamdofha tla tla wx.hla wkqf,dau l%uhg
iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wkqj fhda.djprhd fufia olshs(
wúoHdfõ ksrjfYaI ksfrdaOh iuÕska ixialdr ksfrdaOh fõ'
ixialdr ksfrdaOh iuÕska ú[aØK ksfrdaOh fõ'
ú[aØK ksfrdaOh iuÕska kdurEm ksfrdaOh fõ'
kdurEm ksfrdaOh iuÕska i<dh;k ksfrdaOh fõ'
i<hd;k ksfrdaOh iuÕska Miai ksfrdaOh fõ'
Ø s¦
Miai ksfrdaOh iuÕska fõokd ksfrdaOh fõ'
fõokd ksfrdaOh iuÕska ;Kayd ksfrdaOh fõ'
;Kayd ksfrdaOh iuÕska WmdÞk ksfrdaOh fõ'
WmdÞk ksfrdaOh iuÕska Nj ksfrdaOh fõ'
Nj ksfrdaOh iuÕska cd;s ksfrdaOh fõ'
cd;s ksfrdaOh iuÕska crd" urK" fidal" mrsfoaj" ÿlaL" fÞukiai"
Wmdhdi ksfrdaOh fõ'
fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a CIKsl W;amdoh yd CIKsl
Nx.h;a" O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd Nx.h;a iïu¾Ykh
lrk l,ays fya fuu l%u folu tlg fhdod .kshs' WÞyrK jYfhka
wúoHdj ms<sn|j fufia olshs'
1' wúoHdj ixialdr cks; lrjhs'
2' wúoHdfõ ksrjfYaI ksfrdaOh iuÕ ixialdr ksfrdaO fõ' wúoHdj
wks;Hh" ixialdr wks;H h' fï whqrska máÉpiuqmamdofha b;srs
wx. iïnkaOfhka o olshs'
fï wdldrhg Tyq wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhkao" w;S;" j¾;udk
yd wkd.; jYfhka o máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'
fï jQl,S ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h ms<sn| ØKh jvk
wdldrh .ek b;d flá ye|skaùula muKs'
úo¾Ykdfõ oYúO Wmlaf,aY
fhda.djprhd fï l%u Ndú; lr;au Tyqf.a úo¾Ykdj
jvd;a Yla;su;a fjhs' ta wjia:dfõoSh úo¾Ykdfõ oYúO
Wmlaf,aY mek ke.sh yelsh'
oYúO Wmlaf,aY kï ( wdf,dalh" ØKh" miaioaê" mS;s" iqL"
ioaOd" úrsh" i;s" WfmlaLd yd kslka;sh' fï oyfhka ØKfha isg
WfmaCIdj olajd jq tajd l=Y, Ñ;a; ;;a;ajfhdah' tfyhska tajd
Wmlaf,aY fkd fõ' tfy;a fhda.djprhd tajdg we¿ï lrkafka kï
tajd wl=Y, ;;a;aj úh yel' fhda.djprhd úo¾Ykdfõ oYúO
43 44
Wmlaf,aYj,ska ljrla fyda w;a ú|skafka kï ta tl tlla wks;H"
ÿ#L" wkd;au jYfhka wjf,dalkh l< hq;=h' túg Tyq tajdg we¿ï
lrkafkla fkd fõ' fufia lsrSfuka ta Ñ;a; ;;a;ajhka iuÕ my<
úh yels we,au yd leue;a; wNsNjkh lsrSug;a m%.;shla w;alr
.ekSug;a iu;a fõ’
NÙ. ØKh
ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h ms<n|j fhda.djprhdf.a
ØKh jevqKq miq tajdg w\< úo¾Ykdj wpm,h( msú;=reh' Bg miq
Tyqg Nx. ØKh jeãug we;' fï i|yd ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh
flfrys olajk wjOdkh keje;aúh hq;=h ixialdrhkaf.a
Nx.hg;a ksfrdaOhg;a wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h'
fuu wjia:dfõ o S ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh"
ixialdrhkaf.a ia:s;s ;;a;ajh" ;ks ;ks ixialdrhkaf.a i[aØ
fyda ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdo fya;= fkd olshs' Tyqf.a úo¾Ykd
ØKfha Yla;sh ixialdrhkaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh muKla olS'
ixialdrhkaaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lrñka fya
tajd wks;H jYfhka olS' ixialdrhkaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh
ìhlre jQjla yeáhg iïu¾Ykh lrñka fya tajd ÿ#L jYfhka olS'
ixialdrj, yrhla ke;s fia iïu¾Ykh lrñka tajd wkd;au
jYfhka olS'
fhda.djprhd ialkaO my w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;
jYfhkq;a" wNHka;r ndysr hk fohdldrhg;a iïu¾Ykh lrñka
yd Nx.h iy ksfrdaOh muKla olsñka jrlg tl ne.ska
;%s,laIKh fhdod .kS'
fhda.djprhd rEmh wruqKla yeáhg f.k Nx.h oel th
wks;H nj olsk wjia:dfõ th wks;H nj okS' wruqfKa wks;H;dj
okakd fï ØKh úo¾Ykd ØKhhs lshkq ,efí'
fuu wjia:dfõoS fhda.djprhd ta úo¾Ykd ØKfha
Nx.h;a ksfrdaOh;a jrla iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tys f;areu kï fï
wjia:dfõ úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj m%.=K lrk w;r kdu yd rEm
iïu¾Ykh lrñka rEmh wdrïuKhla yeáhg .ekSuhs ta rEmfha
CIKsl Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh olS' úo¾Ykd ØKfhka th wks;H
yeáhg olS' blaì;sj Tyq ta úo¾Ykd ØKfha Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh
olS fojeks úo¾Ykd is;lska th wks;H yeáhg olS'
blaì;sj fya kduh wruqKla yeáhg .kS' ta kdufha
CIKsl Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh olS úo¾Ykd ØKfhka th wks;H
yeáhg olS' miqj ta úo¾Ykd ØKh Nx. jkq;a ksfrdaO jkq;a olS'
fojeks úo¾Ykd ØKfhka th wks;H yeáhg olS'
wk;=rej fya th h<s h<s;a lrhs' tfy;a fujr Nx.h yd
ksfrdaOh ÿlla yeáhg olS' bka miq Tyq th wkd;au yeáhg olsñka
h<s h<s;a lrhs' Tyq th wNHka;r yd ndysr" rEm yd wrEm ^kdu&"
m%;H O¾u yd M, O¾u" w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; jYfhka
udrefjka udrejg fï l%shdj h<s h<s;a lrhs'
fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg O¾uhkaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu h<s h<s;a lrk l,ays" Tyqf.a úo¾Ykd ØKh
b;srs úo¾Ykd ØK w;rska j¾Okh fõ' tkï( ixialdr flfrys
ìh kï jQ ØKh ^Nh ØK&" ixialdrj, wk;=r ms<sn| ØKh
^wdoSkj ØK&" ixialdrhkaf.a úrd.h ms<sn| ØKh úrd. ØK&"
ixialdrhkaf.ka fjkaùu ms<sn| ØKh ^ksíìÞ ØK&
ixialdrhkaf.ka ñoSug we;s leue;a; ms<sn| ØKh
^uq[aÑ;=luH;d ØK&" ixialdrhka fufkys lsrSu ms<sn| ØKh
^máixLd ØK& yd ixialdr flfrys WfmaCIdfjka isàu ms<sn|
[dKh ixLdrefmlaLd& hk tajd h'
bkamiq fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.ka ñoSfï leue;af;ka
tajdfha Nx.h yd kssfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSu fkd lvjd lr;au"
45 46
wjidkfha ixialdr ksfrdaO jk nj;a ;u is; wixL; ks¾jdKh
wruqKla yeáhg .kakd nj;a olS'
fhda.djprhd bka miqj p;=rd¾h i;Hh ms<sn| ksjeros
ØKh ,enqjd fukau ;ud u ks¾jdKh wjfndaO fldg .;a;d kï
jkafka h' fï h:djfndaOh;a iuÕ Tyqf.a uki msú;=re fõ' idjoH
oDIaá j,ska úks¾uqla; fõ' fï wdldrhg fkdlvjd lrhs kï
w¾y;a Ndjh ,eÇug;a wjidkfha mßks¾jdKh ,eÇug;a Tyqg
yelsfõ'
úo¾Ykdj jeãu ms<sn| úia;r l< yels ;j;a fndfyda
lreKq we;' tfy;a" fï igyk yels ;dla flá lsrSug yels jk
whqrska tajd mfil ;eîug wmg isÿ úh' fyd| u l%uh kï m<mqreÿ
.=rejrhl= yd Ndjkd jevigykla wdrïN lsrSu u.ska m%.=K lsrSug
bf.kSuhs'
wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd l%uh
wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj nqÿka jykafia úiska uyd i;smÜGdk
iQ;%fha oS W.kajd jÞrk ,oS' Wkajykafia fufia jod<y(
—uyfKks" fï Ydikfhys NslaIqjla wdrKH .; jQfha fyda rela
uq,lg .sfha fyda ysia ksjilg .sfha fyda trñKsh f.d;d ys|
.kshs; lh >Dcqj ;nhs¦ i;sh Ndjkd wruqKl msysgqjhs¦ isysfhka
hq;=ju yqiau .kS¦ isysfhka hq;=ju yqiau msg lrhs˜
1' os.= yqiaula .ksñka zuu os.= yqiaula .ksñZ hs okshs' os.= yqiaula
msg lrñka zuu os.= yqiaula msg lrñZ hs oksshs'
2' flá yqiaula .ksñka zuu flá yqiaula .ksñZ hs oksshs' flá
yqiaula msg lrñka zuu flá yqiaula msg lrñZ hs okshs'
3' uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka ^m%lg fldg olsñka& zuu yqiau
.ksñZ hs yslafuhs¦ uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka zuu yqiau msg
lrñZ hs yslafuhs'
4' ldh ixialdr yqiau /,s& ixis÷jñka zuu yqiau .ksñZ hs yslafuhs'
ldh ixialdr ixis÷jñka zuu yqiau msg lrñZ hs fufia
yslafuhs'
Ndjkd lsrSu weröu msKsi myiq brshõjlska jdä fjkak'
kdia mqvq ;=<ska yqiau we;=¿ jk whqre;a isrefrka msgjk whqre;a
wjOdkfhka ne,Sug W;aidy .kak' th kdihg lsÜgqju my;ska
fyda kdiamqvq wi< lsishï ;ekl oek.ekaug Tn iu;a úh hq;= h'
yqiau /,a, Tiafia YrSrh ;=< fyda YrSrfhka msg; hdu fkd
lrkak; yqfola yqiau /,a, .efgk ;ek yd jefok ;ek - Wvq
f;d, u; fyda kdia mqvq wi< - wjOdkfhka hq;=j n,kak' boska Tn
yqiau /,a, we;=<g;a msg;g;a hkq n,kafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh
mrsmQ¾K lr .ekSug Tn iu;a fkd jkafkysh' tfy;a Tn yqiau
/,a, jvd;a meyeos,sj .efgk - jefok - ;ek .ek fiú,af,a
isákafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh jvd .ekSug;a mrsmQ¾K lr
.ekSug;a Tn iu;a jkafkys h¡
Tn iNdj ,laLK" iduCoa[ ,laLK fyda ksñ;af;a j¾Kh
fyda foi wjOdkh fhduq fkd l< hq;=h' iNdj ,laLK hkq yqiau
/,af,a Od;= i;f¾ we;s iajdNdúl ,laIK h' tkï ;o nj" r¿ nj"
je.sfrk nj" WIaK nj yd ;,a,q lrk ^f;rmk& nj wdosh h'
iu[aØ ,laLK kï yqiau /,af,a wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au hk
,laIK hs' fuys woyi kï" —we;=<" msg;" wks;Hhs˜ fyda —we;=<"
msg;" ÿ#Lhs˜ fyda —we;=<" msg;" wkd;auhs˜ hkqfjka ie,ls,a,g
fkd .; hq;= nj hs'
wdYajdih yd m%Yajdih ixl,amhla yeáhg yqÿ wjOdkfhka
hq;=j n,kak' yqiau /,a, ms<n| ixl,amh wdkdmdki;sfhys
ksñ;a;h' iudêh jeãu msKsi Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq úh hq;af;a
fï ixl,amhgh' fï whqrska Tnf.a wjOdkh yqiau /,af,a
ixl,amhg fhduq lr;au" Tn fmr Njfha fï Ndjkdj m%.=K lr
;sî we;akï yd mdró iuyrla mqrd we;akï wdYajdi m%Yajdih
ms<sn| iudêh myiqfjka jeãug Tn iu;a jkafkysh'
47 48
boska Tnf.a is; wdYajdi m%Yajdi ms<sn|j myiqfjka
iudê.; fkd jkafka kï yqiau /,s .Kka lsrSu wdrïN lrk
f,i úY=oaêud¾.h fmkajd fohs' fuh iudêh jeãug Tng Wmldr
fjhs' tla tla yqiau /,a,la wjidkfha Tn fufia .Kka l< hq;=h'
—we;=<" msg" tlhs¦ we;=<" msg" folhss¦ we;=<" msg" ;=khs¦ we;=<" msg"
y;rhss¦ we;=<" msg" myhs¦ we;=<" msg" yhhss¦ we;=<" msg" y;hs¦ we;=<"
msg" wghs˜
Tn hg;a msrsfihska my olajd .Kka l< hq;=h' oyhg jvd
o .Kka fkd l< hq;=h' wg olajd .Kka lsrSug wms Tn osrs.kajuq'
ula ksid o h;a th wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.h Tng isysm;a lrjk
fyhsks' Tn W;aidy .ksñka isákqfha thhs' ta wkqj Tn leu;s mrsos
mfya isg oyh olajd w;r ´kEu ixLHdjla olajd .Kka lrkak'
tfiau fï ld, iSudj ;=< Tnf.a is; fjkw;l hkakg bv fkd
fok njg Tn is;ska wêIaGdk lr .; hq;=h' yqfola yqiau /,a,
ms<sn|j ixiqka wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu wjYHh' fufia Tn .Kka
lrk úg Tnf.a is; iudê .; lsrSug;a yqiau /,a, ms<sn|j yqÿ
ixiqka wjOdkh fhduq lsrSug;a Tng yels nj fmkS hkq we;'
fï wdldrhg hg;a msrsfihska meh nd.hlg j;a is;
iudê.; lsrSug Tng yels jQ úg B <Õ woshrg Tn t<ôh hq;=h'
tkï(
1' oS¾> f,i wdYajdi lrñka Tyq —uu oS¾> f,i wdYajdi lrñ˜hs
okshs' oS¾> f,i m%Yajdi lrñka Tyq —uu oS¾> f,i m%Yajdi
lrñ˜hs okshs'
2' flá f,i wdYajdi lrñka Tyq —uu flá f,i wdYajdi lrñ˜hs
okshs' flá f,i m%Yajdi lrñka Tyq —uu flá f,i m%Yajdi
lrñ˜hs okshs'
fuu wjia:dfõ oS Tn wdYajdi m%Yajdi oS¾> o flá o hkqfjka
jQ iïm%ckHh oshqKq lr .; hq;=h' fuys os. yd fldg hkq wä
wÕ,a hk os. fkdj wÞ< fõ,dfõ os. h' th ld, mrdih hs'
l=uk ld,hla —os.— yeáhg i,lkjd o l=uk ld,hla —fldg˜
yeáhg i,lkjdo hkak Tnu ;SrKh l< hq;=h' tla tla
wdYajdi m%Yajdihl ld,h fldmuKo hkak ms<sn|j
fidaosisfhka isákak' iuyr wjia:dj, yqiau /,a, ld,
jYfhka os. nj;a" iuyr wjia:dj, flá nj;a Tng jegfykq
we;' fï wjia:dfõ Tn l< hq;= tlu foa yqfola fuh oek
.ekSu muKs' —we;=<g" msgg os.hs" we;=<g msgg fldghs˜
hkqfjka isyshg fkd .; hq;=h' yqfola —we;=<g" msgg˜
hkqfjka n,kak; yqfola yqiau os.o fláo hkak muKla
ie,ls,a,g .kak' yqiau /,a, Wvq f;df,a fyda kdia mqvqfõ .eà
isrer ;=<g hdu yd isrefrka msgùfï ld,fha os. m%udKh
ms<sn| yqÿ wjOdkfhka Tn th o; hq;=h'
iuyr fhda.djprkhg fï wjia:dfõ ksñ;a; ^iudê
ix×j& my< úh yel' boska Tng fuh mehla muK ixiqkaj
l< yels kï yd ksñ;a; my< fkdjQfha kï B<Õ woshrg hd
hq;=h’
3' —uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka ^m%lg fldg olsñka& uu wdYajdi
lrñ˜hs fya yslafuhs' —uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka m%lg fldg
olsñka& uu m%Yajdi lrñ˜hs fya yslafuhs'
fuys oS nqÿka jykafia uq, isg w. olajd iuia; yqiau /,a,
wLKavj idjOdkfhka n,k f,ig Tjd fok fial' fuf,i
uq, isg w. olajd yqiau /,a, wLKavj idjOdkfhka ne,Sug
Tnf.a uki mqyqKq lrñka isáhoS ksñ;a; ^iudê ix×j& my<
úh yel' bosska ksñ;a; my< fõ kï Tnf.a wjOdkh jyd Bg
fkd yerúh hq;=h' yqiau flf¾ wjOdkh fkd lvjd fhduq l<
hq;=h'
bosska Tn uq, isg w. olajd yqiau ms<sn|j Ydka; j mehla muK
wLKav f,i wjOdkfhka isákafkys kï yd ksñ;a; my<
fkd jkafka kï Tn B<Õ woshrg hd hq;=h’
4' —ldh ixialdr ixis÷jñka uu wdYajdi lrñ˜ hs fya yslafuhs'
—ldh ixialdr ixis÷jñka uu m%Yajdi lrñ˜ hs fya yslafuhs’
49 50
fuh lsrSu msKsi yqiau /,a, Ydka; ùug ie,eiaúh hq;=
hhso" uq, isg w. olajd yqiau .ek ksrka;r wjOdkfhka hq;=j isáh
hq;= hhso Tn ;SrKh l< hq;=h' yqiau /,a, Ydka; lsrSu yer
fjk;a jeä hula fkd l< hq;=h' ula ksido h;a Tn tfia l<fyd;a
Tnf.a iudêh lefvk nj;a" .s,sfyk nj;a Tng fmfkk fyhsks'
yqiau /,a, Ydka; lsrSug m%udKj;a hhs úY=oaêud¾.fha oelafjk
l%u y;rls (^úY=u'iiv175&' tajd kï wdfNd." iukakdydr" ukisldr
yd ùuxid' ^fufkys lsrSu" ukig f.k tau" is; fhduq lsrSu yd
;SrKh lsrSu& h' Tn fï wjia:dfõ l< hq;= tl u foa yqiau /,a,
Ydka; lsrSug ;SrKh lsrSu yd yqiau ms<sn|j ksrka;r wjOdkfhka
hq;= ùuh' fufia fuh m%.=K lsrSfuka yqiaau jvd;a Ydka; njg m;a
jk w;r ksñ;a; o my< úh yel'
ksñ;a; my< ùug Tkak fukak lshd ;sîhoS fndfyda
fhda.djprfhda .eg,qj,g uqyqK fo;s' fndfyda úg yqiau w;sYhskau
iQlaIu ùu fya;=fjka Tjqkaf.a is;g th wmeyeos,s fjhs' fuh Tng
isÿjqjfyd;a wka;sug yqiau ÿgq ;ek wjOdkh ;eìh hq;= w;r th
wfmalaIdfjka tys /|s isáh hq;=h¡
Tn yqiau fkd .kakd wfhl= fkd jk nj fufkys l< hq;=
h' Tn yqiau .ksñka isákafkysh' tfy;a Tnf.a i;sh yqiau /,a,
ms<sn| wjOdkfhka isàug ;rï Yla;su;a ke;' u< ;eke;a;d" l=i
;=< isák orejd" osfha .s,qKq ;eke;a;d" uQ¾cd jQ ;eke;a;d" p;=¾:
OHdkfha isák ;eke;a;d" ksfrdaO iudm;a;shg iu jeÿKq
;eke;a;d" ^ú[aØKh" ufkdauh ;;a;aj" Ñ;a;fhka ksmka rEm
hk fïjd ;djld,slj w;aysg jkq ,enQ ;;a;ajhls&" n%yauhd hk fï
i;a fokd muKla yqiau fkd .ks;s' Tn thska tla wfhl=
fkdjkafkysh' tneúka Tn yqiau .ksñka isákafkysh' tfy;a ta
ms<sn|j wjOdkfhka isàug ;rï i;sfhka iukaú;
fkdjkafkysh'
yqiau rgdj& fjkia lsrSug fyda jvd;a m%lg lsrSug W;aidy
fkd lrkak' Tn tfia lrkafkys kï Tfí iudêh fkd jefvhs'
mj;akd wdldrhgu yqiau flf¾ wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' th Tng
meyeos,s fkdue;af;a kï Tn th wjika jrg ÿgq ;ek th
wfmaCIdfjka /|S isákak' Tnf.a i;sh yd ØKh fï wdldrhg
fhdojk úg yqiau h<s;a m%lg jk nj Tng fmfkkq we;'
wdkdmdki;sh jeãu u.ska cks; jk ksñ;a; m%lg ùu
iEu mqoa.,hdg u tl u ^wdldrhg& fkd fõ' mqoa.,hdg wkqj
fjkia fõ' iuyrekg th m%ikak yeÕSula fia m%lg fõ(
1' lmq mq¿ka ^W.a.y ksñ;a;&
2' ms<sfh, l< mq¿ka ^W.a.y ksñ;a;&
3' yUd hk jd;h fyda iq<x /,a,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a;&
4' WÞ ;rej" isl=re ;rej jka jQ oSma;su;a wdf,dalh ^W.a.y
ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
5' oSma;su;a moaurd.hla fyda udKslHhla ^máNd. ksñ;a;&
6' oSma;su;a uq;= weghla ^máNd. ksñ;a;&
we;eful=g th r¿ yeÕSula f,i m%lg fõ(
7' lmq .il kdráhla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
8' ;shqKq l< ,S lene,a,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
9' os. ,Kqjla fyda kQ,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
10' u,a jvula ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
11' ÿï myrla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
12' úysÿKq ul=¿ oe,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
13' j<d mg,hla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
14' fk¿ï u,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
15' r: frdaohla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
16' pkaø ìïnh ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
17' iQ¾h ìïnh ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&
fndfyda wjia:dj, oS W.a.y ksñ;a; jkafka lmq mq¿ka
fuka msú;=re iqÿ mdgls' ula ksid o h;a idudkHfhka W.a.y
ksñ;a; meyeos,s yd oSma;su;a ke;' ksñ;a; WÞ ;rejla fuka
oSma;su;a yd meyeos,s fõo" th máNd. ksñ;a; fõ' ksñ;a; moau
rd.hla fuka ueKslla fuka fõo" oSma;su;a fkd fõo" th W.a.y
51 52
ksñ;a;h' th oSma;su;a yd nn,k úg máNd. ksñ;a;h' b;srs yev yd
j¾K fï yd iudk wdldrfhka jgyd .; hq;=h'
ksñ;a; úúO whg úúO iajrEmj,ska m%lg fõ' ula ksid o
h;a th ix× u.ska my< lrjk fyhsks' ksñ;a; my< ùug m%:u
úúO fhda.djprhkaf.a ix× fjki" úúOdldr ksñ;s my< lrjhs'
wdkdmdk i;sh tla Ndjkd wruqKla muKla jqj o mqoa.,hdg wkqj
úúOdldr ksñ;s my< l< yel'
Tn fuu wjia:djg <Õd jQ úg ta ksñ;a; iuÕ fi,a,ï
fkd lsrSu jeo.;a h' th Tn flfrka neyer hdug bv fkd
;nkak' tys yevh yd iajrEmh ys;du;d fjkia lsrSug fkd hkak'
Tn th lrkafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh ;j ÿrg;a fkd jefâ' Tfí
m%.;sh bka kj;S' Tfí ksñ;a; w;=reoyka ùug bv we;' tneúka
fuu wjia:dfõ Tnf.a ksñ;a; m<uq jrg m%lg jk úg Tnf.a
iudêh yqiau /,af,ka ksñ;a;g udre fkd lrkak' Tn tfia
l<fyd;a th w;=reoyka jk nj Tng fmfka'
boska ksñ;a; ia:djr nj yd Tnf.a uki bfíu ta u;
msysgd ;yjqre ù we;s nj Tng fmfka kï túg Tnf.a uki tysu
;sfnkakg bv yrskak' Tnf.a uki bka msg;g taug n,
lrkafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh we;eï úg ke;s ù hd yel'
Tnf.a ksñ;a; Tn bosrsfha wE;ska m%lg jkafka kï Bg
Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq fkd lrkak' iuyr úg th w;=reoyka úh
yels fyhsks' Tn Bg wjOdkh fhduq fkd lrkafkys kï yd yqfola
yqiau /,a, .efgk ;ek yqiau ms<sn|j is; iudê.; lsrSu fkd
lvjd lrf.k hkafkys kï ksñ;a; wdmiq meñfKk nj;a tu
ia:dkfha th kj;sk nj;a fmfkkq we;'
boska Tnf.a ksñ;a; meñK yqiau /,a, .efgk - josk -
;ek m%lg fõ o" ksñ;a; ksYap,j mj;sñka th yqiau /,a, fuka osia
fõ o" yqiau /,a, meñfKñka th ksñ;a; fuka osiafõ o túg Tng
yqiau /,a, wu;l l< yel' yqfola ksñ;a; flf¾ muKla
wjosfhka n,kak' fï wdldrhg Tnf.a wjOdkh yqiau /,af,ka
ksñ;a;g udre lsrSu u.ska Tng ;j ÿrg;a m%.;shla ,eìh yel'
ksñ;a; u; Tnf.a is; ;nd f.k isá;a u th iqfodaiqÿ jk nj Tng
fmfkkq we;' th lmq mq¿kla fuka iqÿ jka l,ays th W.a.y
ksñ;a; h'
Tnf.a uki ´Þ; ^iqÿ& W.a.y ksñ;a; u; mehla" folla"
;=kla wdoS jYfhka ksi,j iudê.;j jvd .ekSug Tn wêIaGdk
lr .; hq;=h' Tnf.a uki W.a.y ksñ;a; u; mehla folla ksi,j
;nd .ekSug Tng yels kï th meyeos,s oSma;su;a yd m%Ndiajr tlla
jk neõ Tng fmfkkq we;' túg th máNd. ksñ;a; hkqfjka
y÷kajkq ,efí' fï wjia:dfõ oS Tnf.a uki máNd. ksñ;a; u;
mehla" folla fyda ;=kla ;nd .ekSug Tn iksgqyka lr .; hq;=h'
m%.=K l< hq;=h' fuys Tn ksmqK jk f;la m%.=K lrkak'
fñ wjia:dfõ oS Tn Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd iudêhg <Õd
jkafkysh' Wmpdr iudêh hkq OHdkhg wdikak yd mq¾j.dó
iudêhhs' w¾mKd iudêh hkq OHdk iudêhhs'
fï iudê foj¾.hu máNd. ksñ;a; tajdfha wruqK
yeáhg f.k mj;S' ta foflys fjki kï Wmpdr iudêfhaoS
OHdkdx. tys Wmrsuhg uq¿ukskau jeã ke;' fï fya;=j ksid
Wmpdr iudêh ;=< oS Njx. Ñ;a; wjia:d ;ju;a mj;S' tksidu
flfkl= Njx.hg jeàug mq¿jk' fuh w;aolsk fhda.djprhd
ish,a, kej;sKehs lshhs' ke;fyd;a fuh ksjk lshd jqj o is;kq
we;' i;H jYfhka kï Njx. Ñ;a; ;;a;aj fï wjia:dfõ mj;S'
uki kej;S ke;' tfy;a fhda.djprhdg fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
;rï l=i,;djla ke;' fï Njx. is;aj, iQlaIu;dj ksidh'
Njx.hg weo jeàu je<elaùu msKsi yd Ndjkdfõ bÈßhg
hdu msKsi Tng ioaOd" úrsh" i;s" iudê yd m[aØ hk m[ap
n,hkaf.a wdOdrh wjYHh' máNd. ksñ;a; foig uki ;,a,q
53 54
lsrSug;a ta u; /|ùug;a tAjd wjYHh' h<s h<s;a máNd. ksñ;a;
oek.ekSug uki iEoSug ù¾hh .efka¦ máNd. ksñ;a; wu;l
fkd lsrSug i;sh .efka¦ máNd. ksñ;a; oek .ekSug m%×j .efka'
m[ap bkaøsh n, iunr lsrSu
fï m[ap bkaøsh kï uki md,kh lrk" ks¾jdKd.dó
iu: - úmiaikd ud¾.fhka msg; is; bnd.df;a hdu j<lajk n,
myls'
fï my w;r Y%oaOdj hkq f;rejka" l¾uh yd tys úmdl wdoS
weoysh hq;= foa ms<sn| úYajdih hs' nqÿka jykafiaf.a nqoaO;ajh
ms<sn| úYajdih b;d jeo.;ah' ulaksido h;a" mqoa.,fhl=g tjeks
úYajdihla fkdue;af;a kï Ndjkd lD;Hfhka Tyq miqnisk
neúks' i;r u." i;r M," ks¾jdKh yd O¾uh hk wx. oyhlska
iukaú; jQ nqÿka joy< oyu úYajdi lsrSu jeo.;ah' nqÿka
jykafiaf.a b.ekaùï Ndjkd m%.=K l< hq;= ud¾.h wmg lshd fohs'
tfyhska fï wjia:dfõ ta b.ekaùu ms<sn| mQ¾K úYajdih ;sîu
jeo.;a h'
—wdYajdi m%Yajdi ms<sn| yqÿ mrSlaId lsrSula u.ska we;a;
jYfhkau OHdkhg iujeosh yels o@ iqÿ lmq mq¿ka jeks ksñ;a;la
W.a.y ksñ;a;ls" whsia l=Üáhla fyda ùÿre jeks ksñ;a;la máNd.
ksñ;a;ls wdoS jYfhka lshd we;s foa we;a;gu i;H o@˜ fï
wdldrfha is;=ú,s n,j;a jQ úg th —fï hq.fha OHdk ,eìh fkd
yel˜ jeks úYajdihlska fl<jr fjhs' bkamiq ta úYajdih fya;=
fldg f.k mqoa.,hd O¾uh flfrys we;s Y%oaOdfjka msrsfyhs'
jqmiuh w;yer oeófuka j<lajd ,Sfï Yla;sh Tyqg fkdue;s fõ'
fï wkqj wdkdmdki;sh jeks Ndjkd l¾uia:dkhla
iys;j iudêh jvk mqoa.,fhl=g Yla;su;a Y%oaOdjla wjYHh'
iïud iïnqÿ rcdKka jykafiaf.a Wmfoia l%udkql+,j ms<smoskafka
kï lsisÿ ielhla fkdue;sj OHdk ,eìh yelaflah hk is;lska
wdkdmdki;sh jeäh hq;=h
flfia fj;;a mqoa.,fhl= Tyq Y%oaOdj ;eìh hq;= wruqK
flfrys iSud;sl%dka; f,i Y%oaOdjla uqod yrskafka kï - fuysoS
wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq jkafka wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd wruqKgh -
túg Y%oaOdfõ ld¾hh jQ wdrïuKh .ek f;areï fíreï lr
.ekSfï iSudj blaujd .sh fyhska" Øk Yla;sh wmeyeos,s jkq we;'
ù¾h" i;s yd iudê hk bkaøsh o ÿ¾j, jkafka h' túg ta
wjia:dfõ ù¾h bkaøsh" wksl=;a wkqnkaë wx. máNd. ksñ;a;
wruqK lrd Tijd ;eîfï ;u ld¾hh bgq lsrSug;a" tajd miqnEu
je<elaùug;a iu;a fkd fõ' i;sh máNd. ksñ;a; ms<sn| oekqu
ia:dms; lsrSfï ld¾hh bgq lsrSug iu;a fkd fõ' máNd. ksñ;a;
yer fjk;a wruqKlg uki hdu keje;aùfï ish ld¾hh bgq
lsrSug iudê bkaøsh iu;a fkd fõ' máNd. ksñ;a; úksúo oelSfï
ish ld¾hh bgqlsrSug m%× bkaøsh iu;a fkd fõ' máNd. ksñ;a;
jgyd .ekSug yd Y%oaOdj mj;ajd f.k hdu msKsi iydh ùug
m%×fõ wiu;a nj fya;=fjka Y%oaOd bkaøsh msrsySug u. mdohs'
boska úrsh bkaøsh b;d m%n, kï" ioaOd" i;s" iudê yd m%×
hk wfkla bkaøsh tajdg wÞ< ld¾hhka jk ;SrK lsrSu" ia:dms;
lsrSu" is; úlaIsma; lsrsu je<elaùu yd úksúo oelSu hk tajd bgq
lsrSug wiu;a fjhs' fufia wêl ù¾hh máNd. ksñ;af;a wruqK
u; is; Wmiuj iudê.;j fkd isàug fya;= ldrl fjhs' miaioaê"
iudê yd WfmlaLd hk fndcaCOx. wm%udKj;a f,i ke.S isàug
fya;= fjhs' ta wdldrhgu iudê yd m%× hk bkaøsh wêl jQ l,ays
ydkslr m%;sM, cks; lrjk nj f;areï .; hq;=h'
m%{dj iuÕ Y%oaOdj;a" iudêh iuÕ ù¾hh;a
iunr lsrSu m%d{hka úiska j¾Kkd lrkq ,efí' WÞyrKhla
yeáhg Y%oaOdj Yla;su;a kï yd m%{dj ÿ¾j, kï túg Y%oaOdj
jefvhs' idrhla ke;s m%fhdackhla ke;s wruqKq flfrys Y%oaOdj yd
f.!rjh jefvhss' WÞyrK f,i Tjqyq f:rjdo nqoaOd.ug msáka we;s
wfkl=;a wd.ï u.ska .re lrk yd j|sk mqok jia;= flfrys
Y%oaOdj;a je÷ï msÿuq;a jeä lr .ks;s' WÞyrK yeáhg nqreufha
55 56
wdrlaIl N=;d;au (Guardian spirits) fyda wdrCIl foaj;djqka
oelaúh yel’
wfkla w;g" boska m%×j Yla;su;a kï yd Y%oaOdj ÿ¾j,
kï mqoa.,hd fnfyúka lmá ;eke;af;l= ùug mq¿jk' ;uka
m%.=K fkd lrñka tfy;a wkHhka úksYaphka lrñka yd ;lafiare
lrñka Tjqyq ld,h .; lr;s' wêl T!IOj,ska yg.;a frda.hla
fuka Tjqka iqj lr .ekSu ÿIalrh'
boska Y%oaOdj yd m%×j iu nr kï mqoa.,hd Y%oaOdj oelaúh
hq;= jia;=ka flfrys Y%oaOdj ;nd .kS' Tjqyq ;%súO r;akh" l¾u yd
tys úmdl .ek úYajdi lr;s' nqÿka jykafiaf.a Wmfoia wkqj
;ukau m%.=K l<fyd;a máNd. ksñ;a; yd OHdk ,nd .ekSug
iu;a jk nj Tjqyq úYajdi lr;s' boska fï wdldrhg Y%oaOdjka;j
m%.=K l<fyd;a yd m%×jka;j máNd. ksñ;a; iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
iu;a jqjfyd;a ta wjia:dfõ Y%oaOdj yd m%×j iu;=,s; jkafkah'
;jo" iudêh Yla;su;a kï yd ù¾hh ÿ¾j, kï ÓkñoaOh
cks; lsrSug iudêfha we;s m%jK;dj fya;=fjka ÓkñoaOh úiska is;
wNsNjkh flfrkq we;' boska ù¾hh Yla;su;a kï yd iudêh ÿ¾j,
kï WoaOÉph cks; lsrSug ù¾hhg we;s m%jK;dj fya;=fjka
WoaOÉph úiska uki wNsNjkh flfrkq we;' tfyhska iudêh yd
ù¾hh iunr jQ l,ays mqoa.,fhla ÓkñoaOhg fyda WoaOÉphg fkd
jefÜ' OHdkhg <Õd ùug yels fõ'
mqoa.,fhl= iu: wdrïuKhla jeãug leue;af;a kï b;d
Yla;su;a Y%oaOdjla ;sîu w;HjYHh' boska mqoa.,fhla —uu máNd.
ksñ;a; u; iudêh jvkafka kï ug ksielj u OHdkh ,eîug
mq¿jk˜ hs is;hs kï" ta úYajdifha n,fhka yd máNd. ksñ;a; u;
iudêh jeãu u.ska Tyq i;a;lskau OHdk ,nhs' OHdkh uQ,sl
jYfhka u iudêh u; mokï jk fyhsks'
úmiaikd jvk mqoa.,fhl=g m%×j Yla;su;a ùu wjYHh'
ula ksid o h;a m%×j n,j;a jQ úg ;%s,laIKh ;shqKqj ±lSug;a
;%s,laIKh wjfndaO lrk Økh ,nd .ekSug;a iu;a jk fyhsks’
iudêh yd m%{dj my< jQ úg f,!lsl OHdk my< úh yel'
iu:h yd úo¾Ykdj fol u tlg jeãug nqÿka jykafia W.kajd
jod< fyhska f,daflda;a;r OHdk iudêh yd m%{j iunr jQ úg
muKla my< úh yels hs’
Y%oaOdj m%{dj iu.;a" iudêh ù¾hh iu.;a" iudêh m%{dj
iu.;a iunr lsrSï jia i;sh ieu úg u wjYH h' ljr
jd;djrKhla hgf;a jqj o i;sh wNsu; h' ula ksid o h;a i;sh"
Y%oaOdfõ" ù¾hfha yd m%{dfõ wêl ùu fya;=fjka WoaOÉphg
jeàfuka is; wdrCId lrk fyhsks' tfiau i;sh" iudêfha wêl
ùu fya;=fjka is; w,i njg jeàfuka o j<ld,hs'
fï wkqj" ish,q wjia:dj,§" ish,q jHxck ,qKq u.ska ri
.kajkq fuka" rcqf.a ish,q lghq;=j, oS w.%dud;Hjrhd isák fuka"
i;sh w;HjYH h' tneúka" w;S; wgqjdj, ´kE u Ndjkd
lghq;a;l oS i;sh yeu úg u w;HjYHh hs nqÿka jykafia jod<
fialehs W.kajkq ,en ;sfí' ta l=ula ksid o@ i;sh hkq Ndjkd
ukig /ljrKhls" wdrlaIdjls' ;ju;a <x fkd jQ fyda fkd o;a
úfYaI yd fYa%IaG ;;a;ajhkag meñKSug th iydh jk fyhska i;sh
/ljrKhls' i;sh fkdue;s j lsisÿ úfYaI fyda w;súfYaI
;;a;ajj,g meñKSug is; wiu;a h' i;sh uki wdrlaId lrhs'
Ndjkd wruqK hgm;a jkakg fkd oS ;nd .kshs' Ndjkd wruqK;a
fhda.djprhdf.a uki;a wdrlaId lrñka isák n,h f,i" úo¾Ykd
{dkfhka th ±lsh yels flfkl=g i;sh fmfkkqfha tfyhsks'
i;sh fkdue;s j uki Wiaid ;eîug;a th ixjr lr.ekSug;a
mqoa.,hd wiu;a fjhs' th iEu ;ekaysu m%fhdackj;a fj;ehs nqÿka
jykafia jodrd we;af;a tfyhsks' Vsm.IV.48. uydàld 1.150-154&
ima; fndcaCOx. iunr lsrSu
wdkdmdki;sh fhdod .ksñka ima; fndcaCOx. iunr
lsrSu o jeo.;a h'
1' i;s iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; isysm;a lrk yd h<s
h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lrk i;sh hs'
57 58
2' Oïuúph iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; úksúo okaakd
{dkh hs'
3' úrsh iïfndcaCOx.h hkq ish,q iïfndaê wx." úfYaIfhka u
Oñuúph iy úßh iïfndcaCOx." tla ;eka fldg máNd.
ksñ;a; u; iunr lsrSfï ù¾hh hs'
4' mS;s iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; w;a ú|Su;aa iu. we;s
jk isf;a m%S;sh hs'
5' miaioaê iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; ;u wruqK
yeáhg .kakd Ñ;a; fÉ;isl O¾uj, ixiqka njhs'
6' iudê iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; flfrys isf;a
tald.%;dj hs'
7' WfmlaLd iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; ksid is; úlaIsma;
;;a;ajhgo m;a fkdjk" bka neyer o fkdjk" isf;a iu njhs'
fhda.djprhd fï ima; fndcaCOx. jeäh hq;= o iu nr lr
.; hq;= o fõ' boska ù¾hh uo jkafka kï fhda.djprhdf.a uki
Ndjkd wruqK flfrka - fuys§ máNd. ksñ;a; neyer fõ' tu
wjia:dfõ miaioaê" iudê yd WfmlaLd hk fndcACOx. ;=k fkd
jeäh hq;= h' ta fjkqjg Oïuúph" úrsh yd mS;s iïfndcaCOx.
jeäh hq;= h' fuu.ska h<s uki Tijd ;efí'
wêl ù¾hh we;s jQ úg uki fkdixiqka ^WoaOÉp& fõ"
fjk;lg fhduq fõ' ta wjia:dfõ Oïuúph" úrsh yd mS;s hk
fndcaCOx. ;=k fkd jeäh hq;= h' ta fjkqjg miaioaê" iudê yd
WfmlaLd hk fndcaCOx. ;=k jeäh hq;= h' fuu.ska WoaOÉp jQ yd
fjk;l .sh uki h<s;a ixjr fõ¦ Ydka; njg m;a fõ'
mCoap bkaøsh O¾u;a ima; fndcaCOx. O¾u;a iunr
lrkqfha fuf,isks'
OHdk ,eîu
ioaOd" úrsh" i;s" iudê yd m[aØ hk m[ap bkaøsh n, m%udKj;a mrsos jevqKq miq iudêh Wmpdr wjia:dfjka Tíng wmamKd iudêh f;la hhs' fï wdldrhg Tn OHdkhg <x jQ úg lsisÿ wjysrhlska f;drj Tnf.a uki wLKavj máNd. ksñ;a; olskq we;' fuh meh lsysmhla - uq¿ /hlau fyda uq¿ ojiu mjd fyda - wLKavj mej;Sug mq¿jk'
Njx. Ñ;a;h oSma;su;ah' nenf<k iq¨h' fuh ufkdaoajdrh hs wgqjd i|yka lrhs'
Tnf.a uki mehla fyda folla ndOdjlska f;drj máNd. ksñ;a; u; wLKav f,i iudê.;j ia:dhS jQ úg yDoh jia;= rEmh wdY%h fldg we;s ufkdaoajdrh ^Njx. Ñ;a;h& r|k yoj;a fmfoi iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .; hq;=h' Tn fuh lSm úgla u m%.=K l< úg yDoh jia;= rEmh wdY%h fldg we;s Njx. Ñ;a;h;a" máNd. ksñ;a; ufkdaoajdrfha my< j;au th;a hk folu myiqfjka iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jkafkys h' fuh Tng l< yels l,ays" ú;lal" úpdr" mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk OHdkdx. my jrlg tl ne.ska iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .; hq;=h' blaì;sj wLKav m%.=K lsrSulska fï ish,a, tl úg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jkq we;'
1' ú;lal - isf;a uQ,sl fhojqu - máNd. ksï;af;a wruqK u; uki fhduq lsrSu yd msysgqùu'
2' úpdr - isf;a ia:dhS fhojqu hs' máNd. ksñ;af;a wruqK u; uki ia:dhS f,i msysgqùu'
3' mS;s - máNd. ksñ;a;g we;s leue;a; yd bka cks; m%S;sh4' iqL - máNd. ksñ;a; w;a ú|Su weiqre l< ika;=IaGsh iy m%ikak
nj5' tal.a.;d - máNd. ksñ;a; u; isf;a we;s tald.%;dj
Tn OHdk m%.=K lsrSug mgka .;a uq,a wjêfha§ OHdkhg we;=¿ ùu os.= l,la m%.=K l< hq;=h' OHdkdx. mrSCId lsrSug t;rï ld,hla ñvx.= fkd l< hq;=h' Tn m%:u OHdkfha l=i,;d jiS& m%.=K l< hq;=h' jiS j¾. myls¡
59 60
1' wdj¾ckd jiS - OHdkfhka ke.sàfuka miq OHdkdx. wdj¾cKh lsrSug yels ùu
2' iudmcack jiS - Tn leu;s fõ,djl OHdkhlg iu jeoSug yelsùu
3' wêIaGdk jiSS - Tn iu jeoS isàug wêIaGdk l< ld,hlaa OHdk.; j isàug yels ùu
4' jqÜGdk jiS - Tn wêIaGdk l< fõ,dfõ OHdkfhka ñoSug yels ùu
5' mÉpfjlaLK jiS - OHdkdx. iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels ùu
wdjcack yd mÉpfjlaLK hk fol u tl u ufkdaoajdr ù:sfhys msysghs' wdjcack ufkdaoajdrdjcack Ñ;a;h úiska bgq lrkq ,nhs' fuys oS th ú;lal jeks OHdkdx. mfyka tlla tys wruqK yeáhg .kS' mÉpfjlaLK ufkdaoajdrdjcAckhg wk;=re j my< jk mÉpfjlaLK cjk Ñ;a; i;r fyda my úiska bgq lrkq ,efí' fïjdg o by; i|yka wruqKq u fõ'
Tn fï mCoap jiSfhys úfYaIfhka iu;a jQ miq fojk OHdkhg hdug W;aidy l< hq;= h' ta i|yd Tn m%:u OHdkhg wj;S¾K ù bka ke.sg m%:u OHdkfhys fodaI yd oaú;Sh OHdkfhys jdis fufkys l< hq;=h' m%:u OHdkh mCoap kSjrKhkg wdikak nj Tn fufkys l< hq;=h' m%:u OHdkfha ú;lal yd úpdr hk OHdkdx. r¿h' tfyhska m%:u OHdkh" tajd rys; oaú;Sh OHdkhg jvd Ydka; núka wvqh' fï OHdkdx. fol neyer lsrSug leu;s jQfha yd yqfola mS;s" iqL" tal.a.;d hk ;=k iuÕ /|S isàug leu;s jQfha h<s;a máNd. ksñ;a; u; iudê.; ùug Tnf.a uki fhosh hq;=h' fï wdldrfhka Tng mS;s" iqL" tal.a.;d hk wx. iys; oaú;Sh OHdkhg we;=¿ úh yel'
blaì;s Tn oaú;Sh OHdkfha jiS m%.=K l< hq;=h' Tn fuys iu;a jQ úg yd ;D;Sh OHdkh jeãug Tng wjYH jQ úg oaú;Sh OHdkfha fodaI;a" ;D;Sh OHdkfha jdis;a Tn fufkys l< hq;=h' oaú;Sh OHdkh m%:u OHdkhg wdikakh' ;D;Sh OHdkh oaú;Sh
OHdkhg jvd Ydka;h' mS;s OHdkdx.h r¿h' mS;s rys; ;D;Sh OHdkhg jvd Ydka; núka wvq hhs Tn fufkys l< hq;=h' fï wdldrhg oaú;sh OHdkfhka ke.sg ;D;Sh OHdkh ,eîug leue;a; j¾Okh l< hq;=h' máNd. ksñ;a; u; h<s;a iudê.; úh hq;=h' fï wdldrhg iqL" tal.a.;d iys; ;D;Sh OHdkhg we;=¿ùug Tn iu;a jkafkysh'
blaì;sj Tn ;D;Sh OHdk jiSS m%.=K l< hq;=h' Tn tys
iu;a jQ l, yd p;=¾: OHdkh jeãug wjYH jQ úg ;D;Sh OHdkfha
fodaI yd p;=¾: OHdkfha jdis fufkys l< hq;=h' ;D;Sh OHdkfha
iqL OHdkdx.h r¿h' iqn rys; p;=¾: OHdkhg jvd wvq Ydka;
njla we;s neõ fufkys l< hq;=h' fï wdldrhg fufkys lrñka
;D;Sh OHdkfhka ke.S isg p;=¾: OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug leue;a;
k.d .; hq;=h' h<s;a máNd. ksñ;a; u; iudê.; úh hq;=h' fï
whqrska WfmlaLd yd tal.a.;d iys; p;=¾: OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug
Tng yels jkafkah' blaì;s j fuu p;=¾: OHdkfha jiS m%.=K l<
hq;=h'
p;=¾: OHdkhg we;=¿ ùfuka wk;=rej yqiau
iïmQ¾Kfhkau kj;S' fuhska wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdfõ p;=¾:
wjêh wjika fõ'
—yqiau lh Ydka; lrñka uu wdYajdi lrñ˜hs fufia fya
mqyqKq fjhs' —yqiau lh Ydka; lrñka uu m%Yajdi lrñ˜hs fufia
fya mqyqKq fjhs'
fuu wjia:dj ksñ;a; my< ùug Tkak fukak lshd ;sìhoS
werfUhs' p;=¾: OHdkh ;=<ska iudêh jefv;au yqiau k;r jk
f;la wkql%ufhka jv jvd;a Ydka; fjhs'
boska fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sh fhdÞ .ksñka p;=¾:
OHdkhg <Õd jQfha kï yd m[ap jiSh j¾Okh lr .kafka kï
bka miq ta OHdkh ;=<ska yg .;a wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" ldka;su;a yd
m%Ndiajr ù kï úmiaikd Ndjkdj jeãug mgka .ekSug Tyq iu;a
fjhs¡
61 62
tfy;a fldgia ;sia fol iys; ldh Ndjkdj
^oaj;a;sxidldr Ndjkdj&" wÜGsl Ndjkdj" ´Þ; lisK Ndjkdj yd
p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd jeäh hq;af;a flfia oehs fmkajd oSugo fï
wjia:dj WÑ;h' fï Ndjkd fuu wkqms<sfj,g W.kajkq ,nkafka"
tl tlla B<Õ tl jeãug iydh jk fyhska tajd wkqms<sfj,g
bf.k .ekSu idudkHfhka myiq nj w;a oelSu wkqj fmkS f.dia
;sfnk fyhsks' úfYaIfhka fhda.djprhd ´Þ; lisKh jvd
we;akï Tyq myiqfjka yd blauKskau p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd iy
iúia;r p;=Od;= Ndjkdj jeãug iu;a fõ'
oeka wms oaj;a;sxidldr Ndjkdj" wÜGsl Ndjkdj yd ´Þ;
lisKh jeäh hq;af;a flfiaoe hs fmkajd oSu wrUuq'
oaj;a;sxidlr Ndjkdfõ fldgia ;sia fol
m<uq j Tn wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj fhdÞ .ksñka p;=¾:
OHdkh jeäh hq;= h' Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" ldka;su;a
yd m%Ndiajr ù kï ta wdf,dalfha wdOdrh we;sj" YrSrfha fldgia
;sia fol iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' jrlg tl rdYsh ne.ska my; olajd
we;'
YrSrfha fldgia 32 kï(
mGú Od;= ldKavh
1' flia" f,dï" ksh" o;a" iï
2' uia" kyr" weg" weg ñÿ,q" jl=.vqj
3' yDoh" wlaudj" o<nqqj" nvosj" fmky¿
4' w;=Kq" w;=Kq nyka" fkdmeiqKq wyr" u<" fud<h
wdfmda Od;= ldKavh
5' fiï" ms;" ierj" f,a" vyosh" fïo"
6' l÷,q" jqreKq f;,a" fl<" fidgq"i| uqÿ¨" uq;%
YrSrfha fldgia ;sia fol iïu¾Ykh lrk w;r;=r" mGú
Od;=fõ fldgia úiafia tllg my ne.ska jq rdYs y;rlg fnosh
hq;=h' wdfmda Od;=fõ fldgia fÞ<y tllg yh ne.ska jq rdYs
follg fnosh hq;=h' miqj ,ehsia;=fõ fldgia ms<sfj,ska jrlg
tl rdYsh ne.ska iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'
Tnf.a uqyqK msrsisÿ lkakdähla ;=<ska olakg ,efnkakd
fia b;du meyeos,sj fï fldgia ;sia fol ne,Sug;a iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug;a Tng yels úh hq;=h'
flfia jqjo fï iudê wdf,dalh wvq fõf.k hkafka kï
yd Tn iïu¾Ykh lrk YrSr fldgi wmeyeos,s njg m;a jkafka
kï wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkhg
iudêh h<s ia:dms; l< hq;=h' bka miq iudê wdf,dalh oSma;su;a yd
Yla;su;a kï Tn h<s;a YrSr fldgia iïu¾Ykh lsrSug hd hq;=h'
Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh ÿ¾j, jk ljr fyda wjia:djl fï
wdldrhg m%.=K l< hq;=h'
wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdk
iudê wdf,dalfha msysfgka fldgia ;sia folu ne,Su Tn m%.=K l<
hq;=h' boska Tn ysi fliaj, isg uq;%d olajd my<g fyda uq;% isg
ysiflia olajd wdmiaig iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tn werUqfha kï tl
tlla úksúo hk ØKfhka meyeos,s f,i oelSug yels jk f;la
m%.=K lrkak' fuys olaI jk ;=re m%.=K lr f.k hkak'
blaì;sj wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdk
iudê wdf,dalfha iydh ,nd .ksñka wdikakfhau jdä ù isák
mqoa.,hd fyda i;a;ajhd iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak' Tn
bosrsfha isák mqoa.,fhl= fyda i;a;ajfhl= iïu¾Ykh lsrSu jvd;a
fhda.Hh' blaì;sj ta mqoa.,hd fyda i;a;ajhd ;=< jQ YrSr fldgia 32
ysifliaj,ska mgka f.k uq;% olajd iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' blaì;sj
uq;% isg ysi flia olajdh' Tn fï fldgia 32 fndfyda jrla
wkqf,dau m%;sf,dau jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fuh lsrSug Tn
iu;a jQ l,ays fï fldgia 32 tla jghla wNHka;r jYfhkao tla
jghla ndysr jYfhkao iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fndfyda úgla h<s
h<s;a fuh fkd lvjd lr f.k hkak'
63 64
YrSrfha fldgia 32 fï wdldrhg wNHka;r jYfhka yd
ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jQ l,ays Ndjkd
Yla;sh by< hkafkah'
fï l%uh Wmfhda.S fldg .ksñka Tnf.a iïu¾Yk
lafIa;%h wdikakfha isg wE;g jeä lrñka l%u l%ufhka me;sr úh
hq;=h' i;a;ajhdf.a YrSrfha fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï oi
osYdjgu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la by< kexùug Tn iu;a
jkafkys h' by<" my<" kef.kysr" ngysr" W;=r" ol=K" Bidk"
.sksfldK" jhU yd ksrs; hk fï osYdj, isák" Tnf.a iudê
wdf,dalfhka iïu¾Ykh l< yels" ljfrl= fyda - ñksia" ;srsika
fyda fjk;a i;a;ajhl= fõjd - tla tla wfhl= iïu¾Ykhg .; hq;=
h' tla jghla wNHka;r jYfhka yd tla jghla ndysr jYfhka
jrlg tla mqoa.,fhl=" i;a;ajfhl= ne.ska f.k fldgia 32
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'
wjika jYfhka" ljr úfgl fyda ljr ;ekl fyda"
wNHka;rj fyda ndysrj fyda Tn olsk ñksiqka fyda .eyeKqka fyda
ó .jhska fyda .jhska fyda fjk;a i;a;ajhka fyda Tn olskqfha
yqfola fldgia 32 l iuQyhla f,i muKla kï" Tn fldgia 32
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuys id¾:l jQ" olaI jq yd m%ùK jQ flfkls hhs
lshkq ,eîug iqÿiq fõ¡
ud¾. ;%h
mqoa.,fhl= wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka YrSrfha fldgia 32
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuys ,d olaIfhl= jQ l,ays ks¾jdKhg we;s fÞrgq
;=fkka tlla Ndú;hg f.k flf,iaj,ska ksoyia ùug Tyqg
mq¿jk' ksjKg we;s ta f\rgq ;=k kï(
1' lisK jKaK&
2' málal+,
3' iq[a[;
fï ;=fkka ljrla fyda Tng f;dard .; yels h' m<uqj
fldgia 32 ys ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| ix×j oshqKq lr .; yelafla flfia
oehs wms fmkajd fouq"
Tn isref¾ fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï l=i,;d
we;af;l= jQ úg fï 32 iuQyhla yeáhg ish,a, tl úg u fyda tla
;ks fldgila fyda wruqKla yeáhg f.k isref¾ ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn|
Ndjkdj jeäh yel málal+, ukisldr&'
wÜGsl ^wegiels<s& Ndjkdj
fï iïNdú;djka w;=rska fldgia 32 ys wx.hla jk wia:s
^tlla fyda uq¿ wegiels,a,u fyda& mokï jQ Ndjkdj jvkafka
flfia oehs wms fmkajd fouq'
fuh lsrSu msKsi Tn h<s;a jrla wdkdmdki;sh m%.=K
lsrSug mgka .; hq;= w;r" i;r jeks OHdkh olajd iudêh
msysgqúh hq;=h' blaì;s Tnf.a wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" m%Ndj;a yd f;acia
jQ úg Tnf.a isref¾ fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;s iudê
wdf,dalh fhdÞ Tn wdikakfhau isák mqoa.,fhl=f.a fyda
i;a;ajhl=f.a fldgia 32 ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
fldgia 32 wNHka;r fyda ndysr jYfhka fo;=ka jghla fï whqrska
iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wk;=rej ta wegiels,a, Tng meyeos,s jQ l,ays
ta weg iels,af,a ms<sl=,a nj wruqKla yeáhg .kak' th(
1' ms<sl=,a ms<sl=,a málal+," málal+,&
2' ms<sl=,a wegiels,a,la" ms<sl=,a wegiels,a,la ^wÜGsl
málal+," wÜGsl málal+,&
3' wegiels,a,la" wegiels,a,la ^wÜGsl" wÜGsl& hs f.k
h<s h<s;a is;g .kak'
fuh Tng leu;s NdIdjlska is;ska igyka lr .; yels hs'
ms<sl=, ms<sn| wruqK mehla fyda folla Tnf.a uki ;=< Ydka;j
65 66
^ksYap,j& oeyeka .; lsrSug Tn W;aidy .; hq;=h' wdkdmdk i;s
Ndjkdj mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdk iudêfha Yla;sh yd cjkh
fya;=fjka ms<sl=, ms<sn| fï Ndjkdjo jefvkq;a" Yla;su;a yd
iïmQ¾K jkq;a Tng oelsh yel' fï wdldrhg Ndjkd lsrSfuka
ms<sl=, ms<sn| ix×j yd oekqu Wmojd .ekSug;a ia:djr lr
.ekSug;a j¾Okh lr .ekSug;a Tng yels jkq we;'
igyk (
fuu wjia:dfõ oS wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a iajNdjh biau;= lr
.ekSu msKsi" tys j¾Kh" yevh" msysàu yd iSudj flfrys
wjOdkh fhduq lsrSug ie,ls,su;a úh hq;=h'
wruqKla yeáhg wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a iajNdjh flfrys wjOdkh
fhduq lsrSfï oS wegiels,af,a ixl,amuh kduh ms<sn| ix×j bj;a
l< hq;=h' yqfola wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn|ju i;sfhka
isákak' boska fufia wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a iajNdjh m%lg fkd
jkafka kï ms<sl=, ms<sn| ix×j m%lg jk f;la wegiels,a,
ms<sn| ix×j w;a fkd yrskak'
wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a Ndjh ms<sn| ix×j m%lg jqKq úg
muKla wegiels,af,a ixl,amuh kduh .ek ;j ÿrg;a wjOdkh
fhduq fkdlr yqfolaa zms<sl=,aZ zms<sl=,aaZ hs wjOdkh fhduq lrkak’
W.a.y ksñ;a;" máNd. ksñ;a;
úY=oaê ud¾.hg wkqj j¾Kh" yevh" msysàu yd iSud u.ska
^wia:s& fldgila Tn olsk úg th W.a.y ksñ;a; hs' weg fldgila
oel th ms<sl=,a yeáhg iïu¾Ykh lrk úg fï ms<sl=,a Ndjh
máNd. ksñ;a; h’
wia:sj, ms<sl=,a njg iïnkaO máNd. ksñ;a; fj;
wjOdkh fhduq lrk úg yd th jefvk úg Tng m%:u OHdkhg
we;=¿ úh yel' tu wjia:dfõ oS my; i|yka OHdkdx. my< fõ'
tla tla fldgil ms<sl=,a Ndjh mokï fldg m%:u OHdkhg we;=¿
ùu msKsi YrSrfha wfkl=;a fldgia o ta wdldrhg jeäh yel'
m[ap OHdkdx.
1' ú;lal - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK u; is; fhduq lsrSu yd ;eîu
2' úpdr - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK u; ia:dhS f,i uki ;eîu
3' mS;s - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK flfrys m%S;sh yd leue;a;
4' iqL - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK w;a ú|Su yd ne÷Kq m%ikak yeÕ=u
fyda fidïkia nj
5' tal.a.;d - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK u; isf;a tald.%;dj
mS;s yd fidaukiai
wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a nj wruqKla ùu iu. m%S;sh yd
fidïki my< jkafka flfia o hk m%Yakh mek k.S' ms<s;=r kï"
ms<sl=,a Ndjhg wjOdkh fhduq lsrSfï oS wegiels,a, we;a;
jYfhkau ms<sl=,a wruqKla jqjo" tys jdis olsñka yd crdjg
m;aùfuka" frda.d;=r ùfuka iy urKfhka w;a ñoSu wjfndaO lr
.ksñka Tn fï Ndjkdj wdrïN fldg we;s njhs' uki .skshï
lrjk yd fjfyi lrjk mCoap kSjrK ndOlhka neyer lr we;s
ksid;a mS;s yd fidaukiai yg .; yel¡
th" —uu fuhska úYd, uqo,la Wmhd .ksñ˜hs fmdfydr
úl=Kkafkl= fmdfydr f.dvla oelSfuka i;=gq ùu yd iudk h'
ke;fyd;a n,.;= f,i frda.d;=rjQ mqoa.,fhl= jukh fyda mdpkh
l< miq myiqjla" i;=gla yd m%S;shla ,nkakd fiah'
wcaCO;a; ^wNHka;r& yd ndysr jYfhka
wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a Ndjh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu
u.ska m%:u OHdkh ,enQ ljfrl= fyda m%:u OHdkfha m[ap jiSh
jeãug hdhq;= hehs wNsO¾u wgqjdj olajhs' blaì;sj fhda.djprhd
Tyq bosrsmsg isák i;a;ajfhl= fyda iudê wdf,dalh iu.ska Tyqg
oelsh yels wdikaku i;a;ajfhl= .; hq;=h' ta i;a;ajhdf.a
wegiels,a, wdrïuKhla yeáhg .; hq;=h' Bg ms<sl=,a yeáhg
wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' OHdkdx. m%lg jk f;la ta ix×j jeäh
67 68
hq;=h' wgqjdjg wkqj OHdkdx. m%lg jqj o fï iudêh Wmpdr fyda
w¾mKd iudêh hs Tng lsj fkd yel' ula ksid o h;a wruqK
cSjudk jQjls' tfy;a uQ,àld kï jQ wNsO¾u àldfõ meyeos,s lsrSu
wkqj ndysr wia:s u< isrerl wegiels,a,la fia i,ld Tnf.a
wjOdkh fhduq lrkafka kï Tng Wmpdr iudêh ,nd .; yel'
fï wdldrhg OHddkdx. meyeos,s jQ úg wNHka;r wegiels,a,
ms<sl=,a yeáhg h<s;a wjOdkhg fhduq l< hq;=h' jrla wNHka;r
jYfhkao jrla ndysr jYfhkao wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' fï
wdldrhg fndfyda jrla wNHka;r yd ndysr hk foúêhgu
wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a njg wjOdkh fhduq l< úg yd Tnf.a
ms<sl=,a Ndjkdj jvd Yla;su;a yd iïmQ¾K jQ úg wegiels,a, ndysr
jYfhka ish¨ oi osYdjkays iïu¾Ykh lsrSug mgka .; hq;=h'
Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh ljr fyda osYdjlg hhs o ta tla osYdjla tla
jrlg .; hq;=h' fï wdldrhg tla tla osYdjla jeäh hq;=h'
fï wdldrhg wE; yd wdikak f,i ish¨ osYdjka fj;
jrla wNHka;r jYfhka yd jrla ndysr jYfhka Tnf.a ØKh
fhdÞ .; hq;=h' fuh lsrSug Tn iu;a jq l,ays Tn ´Þ; lisKh
jeãu mgka .ekSug iQÞkï h¡
j¾K lisK
lisK Ndjkdj i|yd mokï fldg .kakd j¾K i;rls'
tajd kï kS," mS;" f,days; yd Þ; hkq hs' fï p;=¾ j¾Kj,ska kS,
jYfhka mrsj¾;kh jk j¾Kh l¿ fyda ÿUqre jYfhka o
mrsj¾;kh úh yel' YrSrfha úúO fldgiaj, j¾K Wmfhda.S fldg
f.k fï lisK y;r u jeäh yel'
WÞyrK jYfhka wNsO¾u wgqjdjg wkqj ysi flia" f,dï"
wefya l¿ bx.srshdj hk tajdfha j¾Kh p;=¾: OHdkh fyda mCoapu
OHdkh olajd kS, lisKh jeãu i|yd Wmfhda.S fldg .; yel'
^iQ;%j, OHdk y;rla oelafõ' wNsO¾ufha OHdk ixLHdj myla
f,i j¾. lr ;sfí&' fïofha ly mdg p;=¾: fyda m[apu OHdk
olajd mS; lisKh jeãug fhdÞ .; yel' reêrfha fyda udxYj,
rla; j¾Kh p;=¾: fyda m[apu OHdk olajd f,days; lisKh
jeãug Wmfhda.S fldg .; yel' wia:s" o;a yd ksh jeks YrSrfha iqÿ
meye;s fldgia p;=¾: yd m[apu OHdk olajd Þ; lisKh jeãug
Wmfhda.S fldg .; yel'
´Þ; lisKh
p;=¾ j¾K lisK w;rska b;du fyd| lisKh ´Þ;
lisKh hs iQ;%j, i|yka fõ' is; meyeos,s yd oSma;su;a lsrSug tys
we;s yelshdj fya;=jls' fufyhska tlS lisKh jeäh hq;af;a
flfiaoe hs wms m<uqj fmkajd fouq¡
´Þ; lisKh jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj wdkdmdki;sh mdol
fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh h<s msysgqjd .; hq;=h' wk;=rej ta
iudêfhka k.d .;a wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" m%Ndj;a yd m%Ndiajr jQ úg
YrSrfha fldgia 32 wNHka;r jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h'
wk;=rej Tn bosrsfha fyda Tn isák ;ekg wdikakfha isák
i;a;ajfhl=f.a YrSrfha fldgia 32 ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh
lrkak' bkslaì;ssj ta fldgia 32 w;rska yqfola wegiels,a, muKla
iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wegiels,a, málal+, f,i iïu¾Ykh lsÍug
leue;af;a kï th Tng l< yels hs' tfia lsrSug fkd leu;s kï
wegiels,a, muKla iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
wk;=rej wegiels,af,a iqÿu ia:dkh ljrlaoehs ;SrKh
lr tys" ke;fyd;a uq¿ wegiels,af,au fyda iqÿ j¾Kh f.k"
tfia;a ke;fyd;a ysia lnf,a msgqmi fldgi wruqKla yeáhg
f.k —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hs Bg wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h'
úl,amhla jYfhka boska Tnf.a uki ukdj ;shqKq kï"
Tn wNHka;r wegiels,a, ms<sl=,a yeáhg wjOdkh fhduq lr m%:u
OHdkhg <Õd jQfhys kï" wegiels,a, iqÿ yeáhg m%lg jQfha kï
Tng ta Yafõ; j¾Kh m%d:ñl jeãu i|yd wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ
.; yel' tfy;a boska m%:u OHdkhg <Õd ùu i|yd wNHka;r
69 70
fldgila lisKhla yeáhg Ndú; lsrSug Tn wiu;a kï Tn ndysr
wegiels,a,la f.k tys Yafõ; Ndjkd lsÍug fhdÞ .; hq;=h'
;j;a l%uhla kï( ndysr wegiels,a,l ms<sl=,a nj
iïu¾Ykh lr wegiels,a, ms<sn| ix×j ia:djr yd ksYap, lr
.kak' ta wkqj o wegiels,af,a Yafõ; j¾Kh jvd;a m%lg fjhs'
blaì;sj th uqÿka muqKqjd f.k wegiels,a,g ms<sl=,a f,i
wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu fjkqjg Bg —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hkqfjka ie,ls,a,
fhduq lsÍfuka o Þ; lisKh jeäh yel'
ndysr wegiels,a,l Yafõ; j¾Kh wruqKla yeáhg f.k
ysia lnf,a Yafõ; j¾Kh fj; úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq lrñka ta
Yafõ; j¾K wruqK u; jrlg mehla fyda folla uki iudê.;
lsrSug m%.=K l< hq;=h'
wdkdmdki;sh u; mokï jQ p;=¾: OHdk iudêfha iydh
yd rel=, ksid Tnf.a uki Yafú; j¾K wruqK u; ksYap,j
iudê.; jkq Tng fmfkkq we;' Yafõ; j¾Kh u; mehla fyda
folla iudê.; ùug Tng yels jQ úg Yafõ; uKav,h muKla
b;srs jk nj;a wegiels,a, w;=reoyka jk nj;a Tng fmfkkq
we;'
Yafõ; uKav,h lmq mq¿ka fuka iqÿ jQ l,ays th W.a.y
ksñ;a; hs' th W\ ;drldjla fuka oSma;su;a yd meyeos,s njg m;a jQ
l,ays th m%;sNd. ksñ;a; h' W.a.y ksñ;a; my< ùug fmr
wegiels,s ksñ;a; m%d:ñl i,l=K fõ'
boska j¾;udk nqoaO Ydikfha fyda fmr nqoaO Ydikhl
´Þ; lisKh m%.=K lr ;sîfï fya;=fjka mQ¾j Nj lisK mdró
we;akï túg yqÿ ù¾h lsrSulska yd Yafõ; uKav, ksñ;a; u;
iudê.; ùulska Tng máNd. ksñ;a; ,eîug mq¿jk' tjka úfgl
ksñ;a; úYd, lsrSu wjYH ke;' ta foi n,d isák w;r;=r th
—iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ i,lk úg oY osYdju msfrk ;=re th myiqfjka me;sr
hkq we;’
boska Yafõ; lisK ksñ;a; úYd, fkd jkafka kï yd oi
osYdjg me;sr fkd hkafka kï ta ksñ;a; —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hehs È.gu
is;g .kak' th m%Ndiajr iqÿ njg m;a jkafka kï yd miq j msú;=re
yd meyeos,s kï fuh máNd. ksñ;a;h' m%:u OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug
iu;a jk f;la th m%.=K lrkak' flfia jqj o fï iudêh
fnfyúka ia:djr fkd jk nj;a os.= fõ,djla r|d fkd mj;akd
nj;a Tng fmfkkq we;' iudêh ia:djr lsrSug;a os.= fõ,djla
r|jd .ekSug;a ksñ;af;a mrsudj jeä lsrSu iqÿiqh'
fuh lsrSu i|yd Yafõ; j¾K máNd. ksñ;a; iuÕ mehla
fyda folla ksYap,j isák fia Tnf.a iudêh jeäh hq;=h' bka miq
fldmuKlg th úYd, ^úia;drKh& l< yelso hkak wkqj tu
Yafõ; uKav,h wÕ,lska" follska" ;=klska" y;rlska úYd,
lsrSug Tn is;ska wêIaGdk lr .; hq;=h' fuh lsrSug;a th id¾:l
fõ oehs ne,Sug;a W;aidy lrkak' m<uqj iSudj ;SrKh fkd fldg
ksñ;a; úYd, lsrSug W;aidy fkd .; hq;=h' wÕ,la" folla" ;=kla
fyda y;rla iSudj mq¿,a lsrSug ;SrKh lrñkau W;aidy lrkak¡
fufia lrk w;r;=f¾ oS mjd Yafõ; uKav,h mq¿,a lr;a u
th wia:sr jkq Tng fmfkkq we;' túg th h<s ia:djr lsrSu i|yd
—iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hkqfjka igyka lr .ekSug Tng isÿ fõ' Tnf.a
iudêh Yla;su;aj by< k.s;au" ksñ;a; ia:djr yd Ydka; jkq Tng
oel .; yel'
ksñ;a; tys kj mrsudj ;=< ia:djr njg m;a jQ úg th
jrlg wÕ,a lSmhlska ;j;a mq¿,a lsrSug ;SrKh lrñka th h<s
h<s;a lrkak' fï wdldrhg ksñ;a; m%udKfhka ógrhla miqj ógr
folla jk ;=re mq¿,a lsrSug yels jkq we;' fuh lsrSug Tn iu;a jQ
miq Tn jgd iSudjlska f;drj tu ksñ;a; oi osYdjka olajd
me;sfrk ;=re wjia:d jYfhka úYd, l< hq;=h' fï wdldrhg l=uk
fyda me;a;la ne,qj;a Tn olafka ksñ;a; u muKla jk wjia:djlg
Tn <Õd jkq we;' fï wjia:dfõ wNHka;r fyda ndysr fyda wka
lsisjl i,l=Klj;aa Tn fkd olskq we;s w;r" Þ; lisK wruqK
.ek muKla idjOdk j isákq we;' bkslaì;sj Þ; lisK wruqK
u; is; Ydka; f,i iudê.; lrkak' ksñ;a; fjkia ùu k;r jQ
71 72
úg yd ia:djr njg m;a jQ úg Þ; lisK wruqfKka tla fldgil
is; msysgqjkak' fldlall f;dmamshla t,a,kq fuka Tnf.a is; tys
r|jd msysgqjkak' —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hkqfjka l,amkdjg .ekSu fkd
lvjd lrkak'
Tnf.a is; Ydka; yd ia:djr jQ úg" ´Þ; lisK wruqK o
Ydka; yd ia:djr fjhs' w;sYhska u iqÿ" oSma;su;a yd meyeos,s fõ'
fuh uq,a \; lisK ix×j mq¿,a lsrSu yd jHdma; lsrSu u.ska ìys
lrk ,o máNd. ksñ;a; ls'
máNd. ksñ;a; u; Tnf.a is; iudê.; fldg wLKavj
mehlg fyda follg ;nd .ekSug yels jk f;la Ndjkd lsrSug
l%shd l< hq;=h' túg OHdkdx. Tnf.a is; ;=< b;d m%lg" meyeos,s
yd Yla;su;a jkq we;' ta wjia:dfõ Tn m%:u OHdkhg meñKshd
jkafkah¡
OHdkdx. my
1' ú;lal - ´Þ; lisK máNd. ksñ;a; wruqK fj; is;
fhduq lsrSu yd msysgqùu
2' úpdr - ´Þ; lisK máNd. ksñ;a; wruqK u; uki
ia:djrj ;eîu
3' mS;s - ´Þ; lisK ksñ;a; wruqK flfrys jQ m%S;sh yd
leue;a;
4' iqL - ´Þ; lisK ksñ;a; wruqK w;a oelSu yd
iïnkaë jQ m%ikak yeÕ=u fyda i;=g
5' tal.a.;d - ´Þ; lisK ksñ;a; wruqK u; isf;a tald.%;dj
OHdkfha wx. tl tlla OHdkdx. hkqfjka ye|skafõ' tajd
iuQyhla f,i tlg .;a l, OHdk hhs lshkq ,efí' ´Þ; lisK
m%:u OHdkfha m[ap jiS ,nk ;=re m%.=K lrkak' blaì;s m%:u
OHdk jiSS ,nd .;a úg wdkdmdki;sh iïnkaO mrsÉfþofha úia;r
lrkq ,enQ mrsos oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd p;=¾: OHdk o jvkak’
p;=¾úO ^p;=Ialkh& OHdk j¾.SlrKh
mCoapúO OHdk j¾.SlrKh
ú;lal" úpdr" mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. my mj;akd
úg th m%:u OHdkh fõ'
úpdr" mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. i;r mj;akd úg th
oaú;Sh OHdkh fõ'
mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. ;=k mj;akd úg ;D;Sh
OHdkh fõ'
iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. fol mj;akd úg p;=¾: OHdkh
fõ'
WfmlaLd yd tal.a.;d hk wx. fol mj;akd úg m[apu
OHdkh fõ'
m[ap úO OHdk j¾.SlrKh ^m[apl kh&" ú;lal yd
úpdr hk fol jrlg tl ne.ska neyer lsrSula u.ska isÿ fõ'
p;=¾úO l%ufhaoS ta folu tl mshjrlska neyer lsrSulska isÿ fõ'
nqÿka jykafia fï l%u folu mqoa.,hka yg Tjqkaf.a prs; .=Kdx.
wkqj W.kajd jÞ< fial' nqoaêh uo mqoa.,hdg Wkajykafia m[ap
m%fNao l%uh jÞ< w;r ×kjka; mqoa.,hkg p;=¾úO l%uh jÞ<y'
fïjd rEmdjpr OHdk jYfhkao y÷kajkq ,efí' rEmdjpr
f,dalfha mqk¾Nj we;s lsrSug iu;a jk fyhsks' tfy;a wms fuysoS
rEmdjpr f,dalfha mqk¾Njhla ,nd .ekSfï wNs,dIfhka fkdj
úo¾Ykd Ndjkd jeãug mokula yeáhg fïjd Wmfhda.S lr
.ekSfï wNs,dIfhka fï OHdk jeãug Wkkaÿ lruq'
ndysr wia:s j¾Kh fhdÞ .ksñka p;=¾: OHdkh jeãug;a
th ,nd .ekSug;a iu;a ù we;akï ta wdldrhgu ndysr ysi flia
mokï fldg f.k kS, lisKh;a" ndysr fïo yd uq;% mokï fldg
f.k mS; lisKh;a" ndysr f,a mokï fldg f.k f,days;
lisKh;a jeãug Tn iu;a jkq we;’
73 74
fufia lsrSug Tn iu;a jQ l,ays u,aj, j¾K mdol fldg
f.k úúO j¾K lisK jeãugo Tng W;aidy l< yel' ks,a" ÿUqre
fyda l¿ u,a Tng kS, lisKh m%.=K lsrSug wdrdOkh lrhs' ish,q
ly mdg u,a mS; lisKh m%.=K lsrSug Tng wdrdOkh lrhs' ish,q
r;= mdg u,a f,days; lisKh m%.=K lsrSug Tng wdrdOkh lrhs'
ish,q iqÿ mdg u,a Þ; lisKh m%.=K lsrSug Tng wdrdOkh lrhs'
fufia olaI m%ùK fhda.djprhdg fmfkk cSù fyda wcSù" wNHka;r
fyda ndysr ljrla kuq;a iudêh yd úo¾Ykdj jeãug wruqKla
yeáhg fhdÞ .; yelsh'
by; oelajq mrsos Þ; lisKh u; p;=¾: OHdkh Tn ,nd
we;akï ta m%dma;sh ffu;%S Ndjkdfjka werfUk p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd
myiqfjka jeãug Tn iu;a lrjkq we;' th úia;r lsrSug fmr wms
wks;a lisK Ndjkd;a wrEm OHdk;a fláfhka úia;r lruq¡
oi lisK
nqÿka jykafia úiska foaYkd lrk ,o lisK oyhla md<s
.%ka:j, we;' tajd kï j¾K lisK i;r yd mGú lisK" wdfmda
lisK" f;afcda lisK" jdfhda lisK" wdf,dal lisK hk yhhs'
p;=¾ j¾K lisK by; meyeos,s lrk ,oS' my;
oelafjkafka b;srs lisK Ndjkd yh jeäh hq;af;a ljr wdldrhg o
hkak .ek flá úia;rhls'
mGú lisK Ndjkdj
mGú lisKh jeãu msKsi m<uqj Tn fldagq" .,a yd fld<
wdosfhka f;dr" wrefKdaofha wyfia we;s wreK jka iu;,d ìula
fidhd .; hq;=h' blaì;s fldagqjlska fyda fjk;a WmlrKhlska
wähla úIalïNh we;s jD;a;hla w|skak' blAì;sj ta mia jD;a;h
foi n,kak' mGú" mGú" mGú hkqfjka isyshg kxjd .kak' Tn
újD; oEiska ^weia o,ajd& fudfyd;la tu jD;a;h foi ne,sh hq;=
w;r" weia jid jD;a;fha m%;sìïnhla isf;ys rejd .; yels oehs
n,kak' boska Tng fï wdldrfha ix×jla wdj¾ckh fkd l< yels
kï wdkdmdki;sh fyda ´Þ; lisKh mdol fldg .;a p;=¾:
OHdkh olajd jQ iudêh h<s ia:dms; lr .; hq;=h' blaì;sj iudê
wdf,dalfha iydfhka Tn ieliq mGú jD;a;h foi ne,sh hq;=h'
Tnf.a újD; oEiska n,kakdla fuka meyeos,sj ta jD;a;fha ksñ;a;
isf;ka wdj¾ckh l< yels úg t;ekska Tng leu;s ;eklg f.dia
ta ksñ;a; jeãu lrf.k hdyel'
wdrïuKhla yeáhg ta ksñ;af;a j¾Khg fyda mGú
Od;=fõ ,laIK jk ;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh wdoshg fyda Tn wjOdkh
fhduq fkd l< hq;= w;r mGú ms<sn| idudkH ixl,amhg wÞ<
ix×j u; is; iudê .; l< hq;=h' blaì;s Tn m[ap ndOl
^kSjrK& neyer lsrSug yels jk ;=re yd Wmpdr iudêh ,efnk
f;la - fuu wjia:dfõ oS ksñ;a; máNd. ksñ;a; njg m;a jkafkah
- fï W.a.y ksñ;a; jeãu l< hq;=h¡
fuu wjia:dfõ ksñ;a; w;sYhskau mú;%h¦ meyeos,sh'
blaì;sj fï máNd. ksñ;af;a mrsudj tla fõ,djlg iaj,amhla
ne.ska ish,q oi osYdjka msfrk ;=re me;srúh hq;=h' wk;=rej p;=¾:
OHdkh olajd ta u; iudêh jeäh hq;=h
wdfmda lisK Ndjkdj
wdfmda lisKh jeãu i|yd mú;% yd meyeos,s j;=r
Ndckhla fyda nd,aoshla fyda msrsisÿ c,h we;s <s|la fyda Tng fhdÞ
.; yelsh' bka miq W.a.y ksñ;a; jefvk ;=re —wdfmda˜ —wdfmda˜ hs
c,hg wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' bka miq mGú lisKh
iïnkaOfhka meyeos,s l< wdldrhg fï ix×j jvkak¡
f;afcda lisK Ndjkdj
f;afcda lisKh jeãu msKsi .skakl fyda bámkaoula fyda
oe,a,la fyda Tn oel we;s fjk;a .skakla fyda Tng Ndú; l< yel'
Tng ÿIalr;djla we;af;a kï" wähla muK úIalïNh we;s rjqï
75 76
isÿrla iys; ;sr froaola idÞ .; hq;=h' blaì;s Tng ta ;sr froao or
.skakla fyda ;K fld< .skakla bosrsfha ;sr froafoa we;s isÿfrka
.sks oe,a oelSug yels jk mrsos ;eìh yel'
ÿu flfrys fyda ms<siafik bkaOk fyda .ek wjOdkhla
fkd fldg yqfola .sks oe,af,a ix×j u; muKla iudêh jvkak'
—f;afcda" f;afcda" f;afcda˜ hkqfjka th is;g .kak¡
jdfhda lisK Ndjkdj
jdfhda lisKh iam¾Y ix×fjka yd oelSfuka hk
fohdldrfhka jeäh yel' iam¾Y ix×fjka fï ksñ;a; ne,Sug
leue;af;a kï cfka,hla fyda fÞrla ;=<ska jd;h weoS tau;a lfha
jeoSu;a ms<sn| j i;sfhka hqla; úh hq;= w;r —jdfhda" jdfhda"
jdfhda˜' hkqfjka isyshg .; hq;= h'
boska Tn ksñ;a; oelSï ix×fjka jeãug leue;af;ys kï
.iaj, fld< fyda w;= fi<ùï ms<sn| i;sfhka hqla; úh hq;=h' th
—jdfhda" jdfhda" jdfhda˜ hkqfjka isyshg .; hq;=h' fjk;a lisK
wruqKla Ndú; fldg p;=¾: OHdkh olajd iudêh jeãfuka yd
fï ndysrj isÿjk fi<ùu ne,Su msKsi iudê wdf,dalh Ndú;
lrñka iq<x ix×j iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' W.a.y ksñ;a; WKq lsrs
n;lska msgjk jdIamhl fi<ùu fuka jk w;r máNd. ksñ;a;
ksYap, h¡
wdf,dal lisK ksñ;a;
wdf,dal lisKh" wdf,dalh ì;a;sfha me,aula ;=<ska
ldurhg m;s; ù ìug jeàu fyda .il fld< w;r jQ wjldYfhka
m;s; ù ìug jeàu fyda .il w;= w;rska by< n,d wyfia wdldYh
ne,Su fyda u.ska jeäh yel' fï wdldrhg ix×j jeãug Tng
.eg,qjla we;akï ueá uqÜáhla f.k tys we;=<; bámkaoula fyda
,dïmqjla ;nd uqÜáfha isÿrla ì;a;sh foig uqyqK ,d ;eìh hq;=h'
túg uqÜáfha isÿfrka wdf,dal loïnhla ksl=;a jk w;r th
ì;a;sfha m;s; fõ' blaì;s ì;a;sh u; m;s; jQ wdf,dalfha rjqu
—wdf,dal" wdf,dal" wdf,dal˜ jYfhka wjOdkhg ,la l< hq;=h’
wdldY lisK Ndjkdj
wdldY lisKh fÞrl ljq¿jl fyda h;=re isÿrl
wjldYhla oelSfuka jeäh yel' boska Tng ksñ;a; jeãfï
.eg,qjla we;akï me;<s ,E,s lene,a,la .kak' tys wÕ,a 8 isg wä
1 l úIalïNh we;s rjqï isÿrla ;kkak' miqj tu ,E,a, .ia fyda
tjeks fjk;a jia;=jla ke;s ;ekl isg —wdldY" wdldY" wdldY˜
hkqfjka ukisldr lrkak
wrEm OHdk i;r
lisK oyfhka tl tlla iuÕska OHdk i;r ,nd .;a miq
Tng ' —wrEm OHdk˜ hs lshkq ,nk wrEm ;;a;aj i;r jeãug hd
yel' wrEm OHdk i;r kï (
1' wdldidk[apdh;k
2' ú[aØK[apdh;k
3' wdls[ap[aØh;k
4' fkji[aØkdi[aØh;k
Tn wrEm OHdk jeäh hq;af;a p;=¾: OHdkh olajd lisK
oyhu jeãfuka wk;=rej muKs' wdldY lisKh yer wka ljrla
fyda mokï fldg f.k wrEm OHdk jeäh yel'
wdldidk[apdh;kh
wrEm OHdk i;r jeãu msKsi m%:ufhka rEmfha we;s
wjdis ukisldr l< hq;=h' Tnf.a foudmshkaf.a Y=l% yd f¾;ia
u.ska ìys jQ ñksia isrer —lrc ldh˜ hs lshkq ,efí' ksmojk ,o
YrSrhla ksid Tn" msysh" fy,a, yd WKav jeks wdhqO u.ska ysxid
lrkq ,eîug" myr fokq ,eîug" wkskq ,eîug" oreKq jO ysxid
muqKqjkq ,eîug hg;a jkafkysh' ksmojkq ,enQ YrSrh weia frda."
lka frda." yDo frda. wdoS kd kd úO frda.j,g f.dÿre jkafkah' ta
wkqj Tng we;af;a rEmj,ska idÞ ksmojkq ,enQ YrSrhla fyhska"
wfkal ÿlaj,g hg;a jk nj;a" boska Tng rEmfhka ñoSug yels
77 78
kï Tng rEmh mokï fldg we;s ÿlaj,ska ksoyia ùug yels nj;a
m%×fjka wjfndaO fldg .; hq;=h'
ljr fyda lisKhla u; mokï jQ p;=¾: OHdkh oekgu;a
o< fN!;sl rEm uev mj;ajd we;;a lisK rEm ch .ekSu ;j ÿrg;a
wjYHh' ula ksido h;a th o< fN!;sl rEmfha m%;suQ¾;shh' fufia
ukisldr fldg" lisK rEm flfrys úrd.S ù Tn mGú lisK jeks
lisK kjfhka tlla jeäh hq;=h' p;=¾: OHdkh olajd rEm OHdk
jeãug fhdÞ .; hq;=h¡
blaì;sj lisK kjfhka tlla mokï fldg .;a p;=¾:
rEm OHdkfhka ke.S isg rEm ukisldr lsrSu u; jQ my; oelafjk
rEmfha wd§kj& OHdk wjdis Tn o; hq;=h'
fï p;=¾: OHdkfha" ud úrd.hg m;a jQ lisK rEmh tys
wdrïuK yeáhg ;sfí'
fï p;=¾: OHdkfha" ;D;Sh OHdkfha iqLh tys wdikak
i;=rd yeáhg mj;S'
fï p;=¾: OHdkh wrEm OHdk i;rg jvd ,dßlh¡
p;=¾: OHdkfha yd i;r wrEm OHdkj, mj;akd kdu O¾u
tlu jk fyhska" rEm OHdk tl tlla jeãfï oS lrkq fuka tajdg
wÞ<j wjdis lsisjla .ek ukisldr lsrSula wjYH ke;'
p;=¾: OHdkfha wdoSkj ^wjdis& oelafuka miq" wrEm
OHdkj, jdis wdksixi - tajd jvd;a Ydka; fyhska - ukisldr l<
hq;=h'
bkamiq mGú lisKfha Tnf.a ksñ;a; wkka; f,i fyda
Tn leu;s ;dla ÿrg fyda me;srúh hq;=h' blaì;sj lisK rEmh
úiska jid isák wjldYhg zwdldYhZ zwdldYhZ fyda zwkka;
wdldYhZ zwkka; wdldYhZ hs ukisldr lrñka lisK rEmh neyer
lrkak' ta wkqj b;srs jkafka lisKh neyer ,Sfuka b;srs jQ
wdldYh h¦ ke;fyd;a lisKh úiska jid isá wdldYh h'
ke;fyd;a lisKh úiska w;yer oukq ,enQ wdldYhh'
boska Tng fufia lsrSfï .eg,qjla we;akï mGú lisK
ksñ;af;a tla fldgila oelSug W;aidy l< hq;=h' tfia l< yels
úg ta wjldYhg muKla wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' th me;sfrkq;a
mGú lisK ksñ;a; fjkqjg ta wdfoaY jk ieá;a Tng oel .;
yel'
blaì;sj lisKh neyer ,Su u.ska b;srs jQ wjldY ix×jg
‘zwdldYZ zwdldYZ hkqfjka ú;¾lfha wjOdkh fhduq lrjd f.k
isàu wjYHh' fuh h<s h<s;a lr f.k hdfuka kSjrK uev
meje;afjk nj;a Wmpdr iudêh wjldY ix×j tys wruqK
jYfhka f.k my< jk nj;a Tng fmfkkq we;' h<s h<s;a ta
ix×jg wjOdkh fhduq lsrSfuka w¾mKd OHdkh wdldYh tys
wruqK yeáhg f.k isák nj Tng olakg ,efnkq we;' fuh
wkka; wdldY kï jQ m%:u wrEm OHdkh hs'
ú[a[dK[apdh;kh
fojk wrEm OHdkh kï ú[aØK[apdh;khhs' th
wkka; wdldidk[apdh;kh yd ne÷Kq ú[aØKh tys wruqK
yeáhg f.k mj;S'
boska Tn ú[aØK[apdh;kh jeãug leue;af;a kï"
m<uqfjka Tn wdldidk[apdh;kfha m[ap jiSSh ,nd .; hq;=h'
blaì;sj Tn wdldidk[apdh;kfha wjdis ^wdoSkj& fufia
fufkys l< hq;= h’
—fï wdldidk[apdh;kh p;=¾: OHdkh ;u i;=rd
yeáhg ;nd f.k isà' tfia u ú[aØK[apdh;kh ;rï Ydka;
ke;˜'
fufia wdldidk[apdh;kh flfrys úrd.S ùfuka
wk;=rej ú[aØK[apdh;kfhys Ydka; iajrEmh fufkys l<
hq;=h' blaì;sj wkka; wjldYh tys wruqK yeáhg we;s
wdldidk[apdh;kh ,nd .kakd wjia:dfõoS mej;s ú[aØKhg
79 80
wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' Tn h<s h<s;a wdldidk[apdh;kh ,nd
.kakd wjia:dfõ mej;s ú[aØKhg wjOdkh fhduq lrñka" th
—ú[aØKh˜ —ú[aØKh˜ hs igyka lr .; hq;=h' Tn th igyka
lr .; hq;af;a yqÿ —wkka; —wkka;˜ jYfhka fkdj" —wkka;
ú[aØK˜ —wkka; ú[aØK˜ yeáhg fyda —ú[aØKh˜
—ú[aØKh˜ yeáhg h¡
blaì;sj wdldidk[apdh;kh ,nd .kakd wjia:dfõ
mej;s ta ú[aØK ix×jg —ú[aØKh˜ —ú[aØKh˜ hs ú;¾lfha
wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu fkd lvjd lrf.k hdu wjYHh' th h<s
h<s;a lsrSfuka kSjrK hgm;a jk nj;a" Wmpdr iudêh ta
^ú[aØK& ix×j tys wruqK yeáhg f.k my< jk nj;a Tng
fmfkkq we;' ta ix×j flfrys h<s h<s;a fhofjk wjOdkh u.ska
w¾mKd OHdkh ta ix×j wruqK yeáhg f.k my< jk ieá Tng
oelsh yel' fï ú[aØK[apdh;kh kï jQ oaú;Sh wrEm OHdkhhs'
wdls[ap[aØh;k
;D;Sh wrEm OHdkh wdls[ap[a[dh;kh hs '
wdldidk[apdh;kfha fmr mej;s" tfiau ú[aØK[apdh;kfha
wruqK jQ ú[aØKfha fkd meje;au fuys wdrïuKh fõ'
fuh jeãug Tng wjYH kï" Tn m<uq j" ú[aØK[apdh;kfha
m[ap jYSh ,nd .; hq;=h' miq j ú[aØK[apdh;kfha wjdis
^wdoSkj& fufia fufkys l< hq;=h'
fï ú[Øa K[pa dh;kh flfrys úrd.S ùfuka wk;r= ej"
wdls[ap[aØh;kfhys Ydka; iajNdjh fufkys l<
h q ; = h ' b l a ì ; s j " ú [ a [ d K [ a p d h ; k f h a w r u q K j Q o "
wdldidk[pa dh;kh ,nk wji:a dfõ mej;hs djQ o" tfy;a oekg fkd
mj;ka d jQ o ú[Øa Kh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq l< yelhs ' Tn h<s h<;s a
ú[Øa K[pa dh;kfha wrufq Ka fkd meje;ua flfrys wjOdkh fhduq fldg
—lis js la ke; " —lis js la ke; " "Yk+ H hs " —Yk+ H hs " —f;dr úú;;a & h " —f;dr
h˜ hs i;s ks a .; h;q h= ’
blaì;sj Tn isf;a uQ,sl fhojqu u.ska lsisjla ke;
—lsisjla ke;˜" hk ix jg wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu wLKavj isÿ l<
hq;=h' fuh h<s h<s;a lsrSfuka kSjrK hgm;a jk ieá;a" ta ix×j
tys wruqK yeáhg f.k Wmpdr iudêh my< jk ieá;a Tng oel
.; yel' ta ix×jg fkd lvjd fhfok wjOdkh ksid ta ix×j
wruqK yeáhg f.k w¾mKd OHdkh my< jk ieá Tng fmfkkq
we;' fï wdls[ap[aØh;k kï jQ ;D;Sh wrEm Ohdkhhs¡
fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh
p;=¾: wrEm OHdkh kï fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh hs'
th wdls[ap[aØh;k ,nk wjia:dfõ mej;s ú[aØKh tys
wruqK yeáhg f.k mj;S' fkji[aØkdi[aØh;k hs lshkqfha
ta ix×j w;sYhskau iQCIau fyhsks'
fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh jeãug Tng wjYH kï
wdls[ap[aØh;kfhys m[ap jYSh ,nd .; hq;=h' blaì;s
wdls[ap[aØh;kfhys we;s wjdis ^wdoSkj& fufia fufkys l<
hq;=h¡
—fï wdls[ap[aØh;khg tys wdikak i;=rd yeáhg
ú[a\dK[apdh;kh we;' th fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh fuka
Ydk a; ke;' ix×j frd a.hl s " .K avhl s " W,l s '
fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh Ydka;h˜'
fufia wdls[ap[aØh;kh flfrys úrd.hg m;a ù
fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kfha Ydka; iajNdjh fufkys l< hq;=h'
wdls[ap[aØh;kh ,eîu flfrys —Ydka;hs˜ —Ydka;hs˜ h<s h<s;a
wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h’
blaì;s wdls[ap[aØh;kh ,eîfï ix×jg
—Ydka;hs˜ —Ydka;hs˜ hkqfjka fkd lvjd uQ,sl ukiska wjOdkh
fhduq lsrSu lr f.k hd hq;=h' fufia h<s h<s;a lsrSfuka kSjrK
uev meje;afjk nj;a" ta ix×j wruqKla yeáhg f.k Wmpdr
— ˜
×
81 82
iudêh my< jk nj;a Tng oelsh yel' ta ix×jg h<s h<s;a
fhdok wjOdkh u.ska ta ix×j wruqKla yeáhg f.k w¾mKd
OHdkh my< jk nj o Tng fmfkkq we;' fï
fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh hkqfjka ye|skafjk p;=¾: wrEm
OHdkh hs’
p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd
fu;a;d ffu;%S& Ndjkdj
Tn fu;a;d ffu;%S& Ndjkdj jeãug leue;af;ys kï uq,a
wjia:dfõ§ my; ±lafjk wh flfrys ffu;%S jeãu fkd l< hq;=
neõ isyshg .kak(
1' wm%sh mqoa.,hd wmamshmq.a.,&
2' Tn jvd;a u m%sh lrkakd w;smamshiydhl&
3' uOHia: mqoa.,hd uÊCO;a;mq.a.,&
4' i;=rd fõÍmq.a.,&
by; i|yka i;r fokdg fukau my; oelafjk
mqoa.,hkgo ffu;%sh jeãu fkd werôh hq;=h(
5' úreoaO ,sx.slhd ,sx.úiNd.&
6' Ôj;a fkd jk ;eke;a;d ld,l;mq.a.,&
fuys m<uqfjka i|yka l< mqoa.,hska isõ fokd w;ßka"
wm%sh mqoa.,hd ;udg fyda ;uka m%sh lrkakka yg fyda ys;lr
fohla fkd lrkafkls' i;=rd ;udg yd ;uka m%sh lrkakjqkg
wk¾:ldÍ foa lrkafkls' fï foj¾.fhka ljrl jqjo wh
ms<sn|j wdrïNfha§ ffu;%S jeãu ÿIalrh' Tjqka flf¾ ;ryj
bmÈh yels fyhsks' tfiau wdrïNfha§ Tng uOHia: mqoa.,fhl=
flf¾ ffu;%sh jeãu ÿIalrh' Tn fnfyúka wdorh lrk
;eke;af;l= iïnkaOfhka jQ úg Tn ta mqoa.,hdg ;Èka we,S isákq
úh yel' Tjqkg hula isÿù we;ehs Tn wik úg wvkq fyda n,j;a
ixfõ.hlska msÍ hkq fyda we;' tfyhska uq,a wjia:dj,oS fï m<uq
i;r fokd ffu;%S Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ
fkd .; hq;=h' miqj" OHdk ,enQ úg Tng Tjqka fhdÞ .; yels
njo' Tjqka flf¾o ffu;%sh jeäh yels njo Tng fmkS hkq we;'
úreoaO ,sx.sl mqoa.,hka ffu;%S Ndjkdj ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd
wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞfkd .; hq;=h' Tjqka flf¾ rd.h we;s jk
fyhsks' tfy;a Tn OHdk ,enQ úg lKavdhula yeáhg - ish¨
ia;%Syq iqjm;a fj;ajd hs wd§ jYfhka - Tjqka flfrys ffu;%S
Ndjkdj jeãug yelshdj we;'
wjidk jYfhka Ôj;a fkd jk ;eke;af;l=
iïnkaOfhka jQ úg" flfkl=g u< ;eke;af;l= wruqKla yeáhg
fhdÞ f.k ffu;%S OHdkh lsisÿ osfkl ,nd .; fkd yel'
tfyhska u< ;eke;af;l= ms<sn|j ffu;%Sh jeäh hq;= ld,hla
fkdue;'
Tn ffu;%sh jeãu my; i|yka wkqms<sfj,g
lsÍu wdrïN l< hq;=h(
1' ;udg u w;aa;d&
2' Tn leu;s yd .re lrk mqoa.,fhl= msh&
3' uOHia: mqoa.,hd uÊCO;a;&
4' i;=rd fõÍ&
mqoa.,fhl=g ;udu wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ f.k —uu
iqjm;a fjïjd˜ hs is;ñka wjqreÿ ishhla Ndjkd l< o OHdk
iudêhlg meñKsh fkd yel' tfia kï Tngu ffu;%sh jeãu
werôh hq;af;a wehs@ m<uqj yqfola ;udf.ka mgka f.k ffu;%sh
jvkq ,nkafka Tn ixikaokh lsÍu msKsi WÞyrKhla yeáhg .;
yels fyhsks' ;ud wruqKla yeáhg Wmpdr iudêh ,nd .ekSfï
wruqfKka fkd fõ'
fhda.djprfhl= —uu iqjm;a fjïjd˜ hs is;ñka ;ud
flfrys ffu;%sh jeãfuka wk;=rej Tyqg ;ud wkHhka yd
83 84
ixikaokh l< yel' ;ud iqjm;a ùug leu;s kï" ÿl wleue;s
kï" fndfyda l,a Ôj;a ùug wfmaCId lrhs kï" urKhg m;a ùug
wleue;s kï" tf,i wka yeuu iqjm;a ùug leu;s fj;a¦ ÿl
wlue;s fj;a¦ È.=l,a Ôj;a ùug wdYd lr;a¦ urKhg m;a ùug
wleue;s fj;a¦
fï wdldrhg iei£u msKsi ;ud WÞyrKhla f,i fhdÞ
.ksñka fhda.djprhd wfkla i;a;ajhkaf.a i;=g yd fi!Nd.Hh
m;k iy leu;s jk f;la j¾Okh lr .ekSug iu;a fõ' ula
ksido h;a nqÿkajykafia fufia jÞrd we;(
—ukiska ish,q ÈYdjkays fidhd .sho fld;ekl j;a ;udg
jeä m%shfhl= fidhd .ekSug fkd yelsh˜'
fï wdldrhg ish,q ÈYdjkays ish,q i;a;ajfhda wkHhkg
jvd ;ukagu m%sh lr;s' tfyhska ;udf.au wNsjDoaêh m;k
lsisfjl= wkqkag ysxid fkd l< hq;=h'
n d kq ß di È w f uu pd m . ;in ik CX ; u kÊ d h F; df Cp m j . s r Ñ
f djx ht ms mq:Q wF; mfrix ;u i r l d;i k ysx m uF dfud f
(Sam.I.75)
fï wkqj wm wkHhka yd ixikaokh lsÍu uÕska wmf.a
uki uDÿ yd lreKd iy.; lsÍu msKsi m<uqj wm flfrysu fu;a
jeäh hq;=h'
fuys my; ±lafjk is;=ú,s i;r jeãfuka Tng fuh l< yel(
1' uu wk;=frka ñfoïjd wyx wfjfrd fydñ&
2' uu udkisl fúokdfjka ñfoïjd wLHdmfccd fydñ&
3' uu ldhsl fõokdfjka ñfoïjd wkSf>d fydñ&
4' uu iqÅ; yd iemj;a fjïjd iqÇ wF;dkx mßyrdñ&
bÈka mqoa.,fhl=f.a uki wkqka flf¾ uDÿ" ldreKsl"
wjfndaOfhka hq;= yd iylïmkfhka hq;= tlla fõ kï" wka
mqoa.,hka flfrys ffu;%sh jeãfï .eg¨jla Tyqg ;sìh fkd yel'
t neúka Tn Tngu jevQ ffu;%sh Yla;su;a yd n,j;a ùu b;d
jeo.;a h' Tnf.a uki wkHhka flfrys uDÿ ldreKsl kï yd
iylïmkh" wjfndaOh iys; kï wka i;a;ajhkg ffu;%sh jeãug
wdrïN l< yel' bÈka fjk;a mqoa.,fhl= wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ
f.k ffu;%S OHdkh ,eîug Tn leue;af;ys kï my; ±lafjk
mßÈ Tn m%.=K l< hq;=h'
reÑlr jQ yd .re l< hq;= mqoa,fhl= fj; ffu;%sh me;srùu
Tn wdkdmdki;sh fyda ´Þ; lisKh fhdÞf.k p;=¾:
OHdkh ,nd we;akï Tnf.a is; §ma;su;a yd Èÿ,k wdf,dalh ksl=;a
lrk f;la h<s;a ta iudêh jeäh hq;=h' fï i|yd ´Þ; lisKh
mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh úfYaIfhka fhda.Hh' Þ; lisK
iudêh yd ne÷Kq wdf,dalfha iydh yd rel=, iuÕska ffu;%S
Ndjkdj jeãu Tng fnfyúkau myiq fõ' óg fya;=j kï p;=¾:
OHdk iudêh fya;=fjka ;Kaydj" oafõIh" fudayh yd wksl=;a
kSjrKhkaf.ka uki ksoyia ù ;sîuhs' tu wjia:dfõ p;=¾:
OHdkh w; yßkak' túg is; kuH" l¾uKH" mú;%" §ma;su;a yd
m%Ndiajrh' fï fya;=j ksid b;d iq¿ fõ,djl oS fï p;=¾: OHdk
iudêfha wdOdrfhka m%n, yd mQ¾K ffu;%shla jeãug Tng yels
jkafkah'
wdf,dalh Yla;su;a yd oSma;su;a jQ úg Tng ukdm jQ yd Tn
.re lrk ;eke;af;l= fj; - Tnf.a .=rejrhd fyda ñ;%
fhda.djprfhl= úh yel - Tnf.a is; fhduq lrkak' p;=¾:
OHdkfhka yg.;a wdf,dalh Tn jgd iEu ÈYdjlskau me;sfrkq
Tng fmfkkq we;' ffu;%S jeãu msKsi wruqKla jYfhka f;dard
.;a ljr fyda ;eke;af;l= tu wdf,dalh ;=< oDYHudk jkq we;'
blaì;s tu mqoa.,hdf.a jdä ù isák fyda isg f.k bkakd reÑlr
m%;srEmh .kak' Tn jvd;a u leu;s yd Tn jvdu;a i;=gg m;a
lrjk m%;srEmh f;dard .ekSug W;aidy lrkak' Tyqf.a
m%;srEmj,ska óg fmr Tyq b;d u i;=áka isákq Tn ÿgq wjia:djl
85 86
m%;srEmh f.k ta rej rshka 4 la fyda 5 la Tn bÈßfha fmfkkakg
i,iajd .kak' ta ;eke;a;d Tn bÈßfha meyeÈ,s j fmfkk l,ays
my; ±lafjk wdldrhg Tyq flf¾ ffu;%sh jvkak(
q immh f1' fï W;=ud ;rfyka$ ffjrfhka ñfoajd - w i ß d x=rw fõf d fyd;
m qx if dß2' fï W;=ud udkisl fõokdj,ska ñfoajd - w i m h
L f dc fy =w m c ;Hd d
m qx if dßw i mh k3' fï W;=ud ldhsl fõokdj,ska ñfoajd - w d fS >
y;f d =
m qx if d Fßw i m ;h Ç kx4' fï W;=ud iqjfia yd i;=áka isàjd - iq w d
ßyy r = ;
fï isjq wdldrhg ;=ka y;r jrla ta ;eke;a;d flfrys
ffu;%sh m;=rejkak' fuhska Tn jvd;au leu;s l%uh f;dard .kak'
WÞyrKhla jYfhka —fï W;=ud ffjrfhka ñfoajd˜' bka miq
Wjÿrej,ska ñÿKq ta ;eke;a;df.a m%;srEmh wruqKla yeáhg f.k
—fï W;=ud ffjrfhka ñfoajd" fï W;=ud ffjrfhka ñfoajd˜ hs h<s
h<s;a fndfyda úgla is;ñka ta mqoa.,hdg uq¿ yÈka u ffu;%sh
m;=rejkak' is; b;d ixiqka jQ úg ta wruqfKys iaÓr j msysá l,ays
OHdkdx. mj;S ±hs iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels ±hs n,kak' m%:u"
oaú;Sh yd ;D;Sh OHdk ,efnk f;la fkd kej; m%.=K lrkak'
bka miq ffu;%sh jeãfï b;sß l%u ;=fkka tlla ne.ska f.k ta tl
tlla ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la wLKavj m%.=K lrkak' Tn
fufia lroa§ fï isjq l%ufhys tla tla wkqrEm udkisl m%;srEmhla
Tng ;sìh hq;=h¡ —fï W;=ud ;rfyka ñfoajd˜ hs Tn is;k úg ta
mqoa.,hdf.a ;rfyka ñÿKq m%;srEmhla Ndú; l< hq;=h' fï
wdldrhg iqÿiq m%;srEm Ndú;d lrñka udkisl fõokdfjka ñÿKq"
YdÍßl fõokdfjka ñÿKq iy iqjfia yd i;=áka isák hk
wdldrj,g Tn OHdk ;=k jeäh hq;=h' blaì;s OHdkj,
m[apjiSNdj m%.=K lsÍu fkd lvjd lrf.k hd hq;=h'
Tn m%sh lrk yd .re lrk mqoa.,fhl= iïnkaOfhka
id¾:l jQ úg iu,sx.sl jQ fjk;a mqoa.,fhl= iïnkaOfhka o h<s
h<s;a W;aidy lrkak' Tn m%sh lrk yd .re lrk iu,sx.sl
mqoa.,hka oi fofkl= muK flf¾ fufia W;aidy lrñka ;D;Sh
OHdkh ,efnk f;la lrkak' fï wjia:dfõ§ iu,sx.sl jQ Ôj;aj
isák yd úfYaIfhkau m%sh lrk" wdorh lrk ^w;smshiydhl& wh
we;=<;a lr .; yel'
blaì;sj Tn uOHia: jQ oi fofkl= muK f.k ;D;Sh
OHdkh ,efnk f;la ta wdldrhgu ffu;%sh jvkak' fï oi fokd
o iu,sx.sl yd Ôj;ajk wh úh hq;=h'
wk;=rej Tng i;=re yd Tn wleue;s mqoa.,hka oi
fofkl= muK f.k fufia lrkak' ta whf.ka tla tla wfhl=
iïnkaOfhka ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la ffu;%sh jvkak' fï
oi fokdo iu,sx.sl yd Ôj;ajk wh úh hq;=h' Tn ;ukg ysxid
l< lsisfjl= i;=frl= yeáhg lsisÿ Èfkl fkd ie,l+ kkaÈh
fndai;=ka fuka —uyd i;a;ajfhl=˜ kï Tng we;a;gu i;=rka
ke;' wleue;s fyda .¾yd lrkq ,nk lsisfjl= ke;' túg tjeks
wfhl= fiùug fyda fhdÞ .ekSug Tng wjYH ke;' i;=rka fyda
.rykq ,nk ñksiqka isák wh muKla Tjqka flf¾ ffu;%sh jeäh
hq;=h'
fï wkqj ffu;%sh jeãfï fï l%uh m%.=K lsÍu uÕska
´kEu lKavdhula fhdÞ f.k ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd l%ufhka
iudêh jeãug Tng yels úh hq;=h' uki iqLkuH jQ úg ´kEu
lKavdhula fhdÞf.k OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug yels jk f;la
bÈßhg hd hq;= h'
mqoa., úfYaI;d is|,Su iSudiïfNao&
by; i|yka lKavdhï y;r flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd
ffu;%sh wLKav j jv;a u Tn m%sh lrk yd .re lrk wh;a" Tn
úfYaIfhka we,aula yd fnfyúka wdorhla olajk wh;a flfrys
jk Tnf.a ffu;%sh tl iudk jk nj Tng fmfkkq we;' túg
Tng fï ldKav fol tlg .; yel' tl,ays Tng b;sß jkqfha
ldKav y;rla muKs'
87 88
1' ;ud
2' ;ud leu;s mqoa.,fhla
3' ´kE u uOHia: ;eke;af;la
4' ´kE u i;=re flfkla
Tnf.a iudêh fï mqoa., lKavdhï i;r flfrysu iu nr
jQ yd úfYaI;ajhla fyda iSudjla fkdue;s tlla olajd jeäh hq;=h'
fuh idlaId;a lr .ekSug Tn W;aidy lroa§ Tnu wruqKla yeáhg
fhdÞ .ksñka ffu;%S iudêh ,nd .; fkd yels nj Tng fmkS hkq
we;' tf;l=ÿ jqj;a lKavdhï w;r úfYaI;ajh neyer lr .ekSu
msKsi Tn o we;=¿ lr .ekSu wjYHh'
fuh idlaId;a lr .ekSu msKsi Tnf.a uQ,sl Ndjkdjg th
wdkdmdki;sh fyda ´Þ; lisKh fyda úh yel - wdmiq hd hq;=h'
p;=¾: OHdkh olajd Tfí iudêh jeäh hq;=h' blaì;sj wdf,dalh
Yla;su;a yd §ma;su;a jQ úg ffu;%sh Tn fj;g iq¿ fõ,djlg -
ñks;a;=jlg fyda ;;amr lSmhlg fyda - uqod yßkak' bka miq Tn
leu;s mqoa.,fhl= wruqKla yeáhg .kak' ta mqoa.,hd flfrys
;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la ffu;%sh jvkak' blaì;sj uOHia:
mqoa.,fhl= .kak' ta mqoa.,hd flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk
f;la ffu;%sh jvkak' bkamiqj i;=re mqoa.,fhl= .kak' ta
mqoa.,hd flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la ffu;%sh jvkak'
blaì;sj h<s;a wrUkak' Tn fj;g fláfhka ffu;%sh
fhduq lrkak' tfy;a ±ka Tn leu;s fjk;a wfhl=g" fjk;a
uOHia: flfkl=g" Tng i;=re flfkl=g ffu;%sh lrkak'
wka;su ;=ka j¾.fha mqoa.,hkg ffu;%sh fhduq lsÍfï§ tla tla
wfhl= flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd th jeãug;a" —fï W;=ud
Wjÿrej,ska ñfoajd˜ hs wd§ jYfhka jQ l%u y;r Ndú; lsÍug;a tla
tla mqoa.,hd fjkqfjka ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd hdug;a u;l ;nd
.kak'
fï wdldrhg tla tla jghl§ wruqKq lrk mqoa.,hka udre
lrñka ;ud fj;" m%sh ukdm mqoa.,fhl= fj;" uOHia: mqoa.,fhl=
fj; yd i;=re mqoa.,hl= fj; ffu;%sh jvkak' fuh h<s h<s;a
fndfyda jrla lrkak' tuÕska Tnf.a uki úfYaIhla fkd ue;s j
mj;S' ljr fyda mqoa.,fhl=g úfYaI;ajhla fkdue;sj yd
ffu;%sfha úfYaI;ajhla fkd ue;sj iunrj ffu;%S iudêh jeãug
Tng yels jQ miq —iSudiïfNao hs y÷kajkq ,nk mqoa.,hka w;r
we;s úfYaI;ajh ì| fy¨jd kï jkafkah' ±ka Tng máiïNsÞ
u.a.fha fmkajd § we;s l%uh wkqj ffu;%sh jeãug yelshdj we;'
máiïNÞu.a.fha oelafjk ffu;%sh jvk l%uh my; i|yka
tajdhska iukaú; fõ'
1' msßú;r fkd l< me;srùï j¾. my wfkdÈfid MrK&
2' msßú;r l< me;srùï j¾. y; ´Èfid MrK&
3' ÈYd me;srùï oY j¾.h Èid MrK&
msßú;r fkd l< me;srùï j¾. my
^fjka jYfhka fkdf.k fmdÿ jYfhka& nn f ;;1' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda i i d&
&nn 2' ish¨ m%dKSyq if m d dK
nn3' ish¨ N+;fhda if N;+ d&
nnif d.,&4' ish¨ mqoa.,fhda m.q a
nnif m m k&5' ish¨ ;eke;af;da w;;Ndj d k ßh
msßú;r l< me;srùï j¾. y;
^fjka jYfhka f.k me;srùu&
nn1' ish¨ ia;%Syq if bFÓf d& h
nn2' ish¨ mqreIfhda if mßq id&
nnif ß d3' ish¨ wd¾hhka jykafia,d w h &nnif ßh &4' ish¨ wd¾h fkd jQfjda wk d
nn5' ish¨ foúfhda if fojd &
nn6' ish¨ ukqIHfhda if ukii & q d
nnif km l&7' ish¨ wmdh.dó i;a;ajfhda ú s d;s d
˜
89 90
ÈYd me;srùï oi j¾.h
1' kef.kysr
2' ngysr
3' ol=K
4' W;=r
5' .sksfldK
6' ksß;
7' jhU
8' BYdk
9' Wv
10' hg
ffu;%S Ndjkdfõ fï wÈhr jeãu i|yd Tn m<uqfjka
Ndjkdfõ uq,a wruqKg wdmiq meñKsh hq;= w;r ´\; lisKh
Ndú; lrñka p;=¾: OHdkh ,nk f;la h<s iudêh jeäh
hq;=h' blaì;sj by; úia;r l< mßÈ ;udg" m%sh lrk yd .re
lrk ;eke;a;dg" uOHia: mqoa.,hdg" i;=rdg" mqoa.,hka w;r
jk úfYaI;ajh bj;a jk f;la h<s h<s;a ffu;%sh jeäh hq;=h'
lsisÿ úfYaI;ajhla fkdue;sj ´kEu flfkl=g tl iudkj
ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn iu;a jQ l,ays wdY%u N+ñfha fyda Tn
jdih lrk .Dyfha Tn jgd yels ;dla úYd, N+ñhla f;dard
.kak' tys isák ish¨u i;a;ajhska wruqKla yeáhg .kak'
tu wjia:dfõ Tnf.a iudê.; Ñ;a;h fya;=fjka Tn §ma;su;a
yd Èÿ,k wdf,dalhla ,eìh hq;=h' úfYaI m%foaYhla f;dard.;a
úg yd tys ;=< isák i;a;ajhka wruqKla yeáhg .;a úg" tu
wdf,dalfha wdOdrfhka ta ish¨ i;a;ajhka wdf,dal m%Ndj ;=<
isákq meyeÈ,sj o; yel' ta ish¨ i;=ka fï wdldrhg ÿgq úg
msßú;r fkd jQ me;srùï j¾. 5 yd msßú;r j¾. me;srùï j¾.
7 hgf;a ffu;%sh m%.=K lsÍug mgka.; yel' tkï Tn
ffu;%sfha 12 j¾.hl me;srùï lrñka isákafkysh' fï 12
j¾.fha tl tll 4 l%uhlg ffu;%sh me;srúh hq;=h'
1' ish,q i;a;ajfhda Wjÿrej,ska ñfo;ajd
2' ish,q i;a;ajfhda udkisl fõokdfjka ñfo;ajd
3' ish,q i;a;ajfhda ldhsl fõokdfjka ñfo;ajd
4' ish,q i;a;ajfhda iqjfia yd i;=áka isá;ajdfuf,i Tn 12«4 } 48 wdldrhlg ffu;%sh m;=rejkafkysh'
fï whqßka ffu;%sh m;=rejñka B <Õ l%uhg udreùug m%:u ;D;Sh OHdkhg <Õd jk f;la ffu;%sh me;srùfï tla tla ud¾.hla jeäh hq;=h' ;jo ffu;%sh Ndjkd OHdkfha wruqK jQ i;a;ajhka Tnf.a iudêfha yd m%×fõ wdf,dalh ;=<ska meyeÈ,sj oDYHudk úh hq;=h' ish¨ i;a;ajhkg fï ud¾. 4 u.ska ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn iu;a jQ úg B <Õ j¾.hg tkï ish¨ m%dKSkg udre jkak' tu j¾.hgo ta wdldr 4 gu ffu;%sh m;=rejkak' fï wdldrhg Tn l%udkql+,j i;a;ajhskaf.a m<uq j¾. 5 g ffu;%S lrkak'
B <Õ msßú;r jQ me;srùï 7 j¾.h lrd udrejk úg Tn ish¨ ia;%Skg ffu;%sh m;=rejkafkys kï ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn wÈgka lr.;a m%foaYh ;=< ish¨ ia;%Ska ^iudê& wdf,dalh ;=<ska ne,Sug Tn iu;a úh hq;=h' tfiau ish¨ ñksiqka" foúhka" ksrfha isákakjqka wdoSkg ffu;%sh me;srùfï§ ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn wÈgka l< m%foaYh ;=< isák ish¨ ñksiqka" foúhka yd ksß i;=ka wd§ ish¨ fokd ne,Sug Tn iu;a úh hq;=h' bka miqj fï 48 wdldrhg ffu;%sh me;srùfï ksmqKfhl= jk f;la fï whqßka Ndjkdj jeäh hq;=h' m%.+K l< hq;=h'
fufia lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg" Tn ffu;%sh m;=rejñka isák m%foaYh" uq¿ wdY%uh fyda ksji" uq¿ .u" uq¿ k.rhu" uq¿ m%dka;hu" uq¿ rg" uq¿ f,dalh" uq¿ fi!r.%y uKav,h" uq¿ laISr m:h yd wkka; úYajh we;=¿ jk fia mq¿,a lsÍug l%shd lrkak' ffu;%sh me;srùfï m%foaYh mq¿,a j;au" Tn th 48 l%uhg u jeäh hq;= w;r ;D;Sh OHdkhg <Õd jk f;la ta tl tlla jeäh hq;=h' bkamiq oi ÈYdjg ffu;%sh me;sÍug Tn iQÞkï jkafkysh'
oi ÈYdjkg ffu;%sh me;srùu
oi ÈYdjkg ffu;%sh me;srùu tllg me;srùï 48 ne.ska 10 ÈYdjg hkqfjka uq¿ tl;=j jQ 48«10 } 480& la ffu;%sh me;srùï l%uj,ska iukaú;h' óg fmr b.ekajQ mßÈ ffu;%sh me;srùfï l%u
91 92
48 o tl;= l< l,ays ffu;%sh me;srùï l%u ish,a, tl;=j 480¬48} 528 la fõ'
ÈYdjka wkqj ffu;%sh me;srùï m%.=K lsÍu i|yd Tng
kef.kysßka we;s uq¿ úYajh mqrd ish,q i;a;ajhka wruqKla
yeáhg .; hq;=h' wdf,dalh ;=<ska Tjqka oelsh yels kï Tjqkg
by; i|yka l< l%u 48 uÕska ffu;%sh m;=rejkak' blaì;s Tng
th u ngysrg yd l%udkql+,j wka ish¨ osYdjkgo me;sr úh yel'
fuh Tn iïmQ¾K l< l,ays fu;a;d iQ;%fha úia;r jk
l%uj,go ffu;%sh me;srúh yel th my; úia;r fõ&’
fï 528 l%uhg ffu;%sh me;srùu m%.=K lr wjika jQ úg
Tng oS> ksldfha yd wksl=;a ;ekaj, nqÿka jykafia olajd jÞ<
Wmfoiaj,g wkql+,j ffu;%sh jeäh yelafla flfia ±hs Tng
jegfykq we;' wx.=;a;r ksldfha nqÿka jykafia W.kajd jÞ<
ffu;%sh me;srùfï tfldf<dia jeoEreï wdksYxi w;am;a lr
.ekSug Tn iu;a jkq we;'
—fya ffu;%S iy.; is; tla ÈYdjlg m;=rejd jihs' ta wdldrhg
u fojeks" f;jeks yd isjq jeks ÈYdjg ^m;=rejd jihs&' fufia
Tyq uq¿ f,dju - by<" my<" isri" w;rla fkdue;s j iEu ;ek
u úmq, jQ" uy.a.; jQ" wm%udK jQ" wffjÍ jQ" wjHdmdo jQ ffu;%S
is; m;=rejd jihs¡
^
—uyfKks" ffu;%S Ñ;a; úuqla;sh oshqKq l, úg" jevQ l<" fnfyúka
m%.=K l< úg" hdkhla njg m;a l< úg" m%;sIaGdj njg m;a l<
úg" ixia:dmkh l< úg" jvd;a Yla;su;a l< úg" uekúka wdrïN
l< úg" wdksYxi jdis& tfld<yla wfmaCId l< yel' ta tfld<y
ljf¾ o@
fidfu;a;d iy.;k p;id tlx Èix tßFjd úyr;s ;:
ÿ;shx ;:d ;;shx ;:d p;=Fj b;s WèOufOd ;sßhx iínë
iínkFjdh iínjka;x f,dlx fu;;d iy.x;k fp;id úmqf,k
uy.a.f;k wmamudfKk wfjfrk wjHdmfÊck tß;ajd úyr;s'&
iqjfia ksohs; iqjfia wjos fjhs; mdmS jQ isysk fkd olS;
ñksiqkag m%sh fjhs; wukqIHhkag m%sh fjhs; foúfhda rls;s; .sks" úi
fyda wdhqO fyda Tyq lrd fkd ths; jyd is; iudê.; fjhs; uqyqK
m%ikak fjhs; isysuq<d fkdù l¿ßh lrhs; boska jvd;a by<
;;a;ajhlg m;a fkd jkafka kï nU f,dj WmÈkafka fõ˜'
(A.V.342)
; h ; u; ;dhCLfj q ; ; úhsf ;a d Ns fpf d ú d w N u d iú dh df
l h ;d ";d h dh" ;lqnyq,Sl;dh hdks jFM wkÜq ; mßÑ dh Àu l i lxd do dk disii roa h ta x má ' l fu t doi i d L (Od ; lq d
n C " d; L a v i "s k mmlx imq x m ; cq"smqi i iq máLq x x s ks ia;
k x y k du dk m h f ; w iq d x m h fy; foj;d fs d 'siaiaiq f d d "s us k
C i d ; j= x ; x'sL "s i ..a s x : d w jd ú j i x j lu ; g Ñ ;aia;ar kdk Fu fêh; j iïu d ,x rd;Lqi d u K úmm ioS ;" w <Q fy l l " Ka"s d S d f sa a
ma fk;d d .x á a yu f d;W;;ß w n f lm d f 's a m õ Cvc % , + y
"; ; d d;qh CLf ffu;;a d Ns j f d úu ;a hs wfi d Nú h d d ú ;p a h;d,l " h" : d " Ñ;lsn q dh h j lq ;h wk h m dh y dk F gq À d ßS ; " ;
d b ld iur ï dkis id dá x diiq oOh f t m L;d a l so x
Ydka; Ndjh idlaId;a lrf.k isàug tf,i Ôj;aùug;a
leu;s ;eke;a;d úiska l< hq;af;a fuhh( Tyq yelshdj we;s " iDcq"
w;Hka;fhkau wjxl" Tjoka §ug myiq" uDÿ" w;sudk fkd jQ" ;ud
i;= fohska iEySug m;a jQ" myiqfjka kv;a;= l< yels" ld¾h nyq,
ke;s" w,am jia;= we;s" Ydka;" ×kjka;" uekúka b÷rka md,kh
l<" .sys Þhlhka yd iïm¾lhla ke;s ;eke;af;l= jkafkah' Tyq
wka keKj;a wh úiska fÞia ke.sh yels" wdpdr fkd jQ iq¿ fyda
fohla fkd l< hq;=h'
fu;a;dksixi iq;a;
f ;a; iQ;%hu
93 94
Tyqf.a is;=ú,s ^fufia& úh hq;=h' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda
^YdÍßl& ikaf;daIfhka yd Ydka;sfhka hq;=j Ôj;a fj;ajd' ish,q
i;a;ajfhdaa udkisl jYfhka& iqjm;a fj;ajd'
lsisÿ jH;sf¾lhla fkdue;sj ish¨ i;a;ajfhda - ÿ¾j,"
Yla;su;a" È." uy;" uOHu" flá" l=vd yd ishqï" ÿgq yd lsis Þ fkd
ÿgq" wE; Ôj;ajk yd uE; Ôj;ajk" h<s Wmosk yd h<s fkd Wmosk
ish¨ i;a;ajfhda - iqjm;a fj;ajd'
ujla ;udf.a tlu orejd ;u Èúh mq\ /l .kSo" tf,i
ish¨ i;=ka flf¾ wkka; ffu;%sh jv;ajd'
wiSñ; jQ ffu;%s is; uq¿ úYajh mqrd Wv" my;" iri
iSudjlska f;drj" i;=relñka f;drj" oafõIfhka f;drj"
m;=rej;ajd' isg f.k isáñka" weúÈñka" ys|f.k isáñka"
je;sfrñka isáho" w,i núka ñoS isák ;dla l,a ksrka;r ffu;%sh
msysgqjñka isàu Ôj;a ùfï fY%aIaG ud¾.h hs lshkq ,efí'
ñ:Hd oDIaáhla fkd .ksñka" YS,fhka hqla;j yd ×kfhka
iukaú;j" lduhkays .scq nj neyer l< ;eke;af;a h<s;a
mqk¾Njhlg fkd meñfKkafkah'
fu;a; iQ;%h wkqj ffu;%sh me;srùfï l%uh fufiah(
1' ish,q i;a;ajfhda ldhsl& iqjfhka ji;ajd
2' ish,q i;a;ajfhda idufhka ji;ajd
3' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda udkisl& iqjh w;a ú¢;ajd
4' ÿ¾j, fyda Yla;su;a hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨
i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
5' ud ÿgq fyda lsisÿ osfkl fkdÿgq i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨
i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
6' wE; jik fyda <Õ jik hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨
i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
7' h<s WmÈk fyda h<s fkd WmÈk hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨
i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
8' È." flá fyda uOHu m%udKfha hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨
i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
9' uy;a" l=vd fyda uOHu m%udKfha hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta
ish¨ i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
10' ;r" flÜgq fyda uOHu m%uKfha hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta
ish¨ i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd
11' lsisfjla ;jla lsisfjl= fkd rjgdjd
12' lsisfjla lsisÿ ;ekl ljr fyda flfkl=g wjuka fkd
flf¾jd
13' lsisfjla lsisfjl=g ;ryska fyda oafõIfhka ysßyerhla fkd
flf¾jd
lreKd Ndjkdj
by; úia;r lrk ,o mßÈ ffu;%S Ndjkdj jvd we;akï"
lreKdj Ndjkd wruqKla yeáhg .ekSu Tng ÿIalr fkd úh
hq;=h' Tng lreKdj jeãug wjYH kï m<uq j ÿlg m;a" iudk
,sx.sl" Ôj;ajk ;eke;af;l= f;dard .; hq;=h' Tyqf.a fõokdj
fufkys lrñka Tn ta i;a;ajhd flfrys wkqlïmdj wjÈ lr .;
hq;=h'
blaì;s Tn Þ; lisKh p;=¾: OHdkh olajd jeäh hq;=h'
Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh §ma;su;a yd Yla;su;a kï" Tn f;dard .;a"
ÿlg m;a i;a;ajhd ta wdf,dalfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' iudê
wdf,dalfhka ta i;a;ajhd ±lsh yels jQ úg m<uqj ta mqoa.,hd mokï
fldg f.k ffu;%S Ndjkdj jeäh hq;=h' blaì;s j ta ffu;%S
OHdkfhka ke.S isg ta ÿla ú¢k mqoa.,hd wdrïuKhla yeáhg
f.k" —fï i;amqreIhd ÿflka ñfoajd˜ ^whx imamqßfid ÿlaLd
uqÉp;=& hs is;ñka lreKdj jeäh hq;=h' Tn fuh m%:u" oaú;Sh yd
;D;Sh OHdk yd tla tla OHdkhlg m[ap jiSh ,efnk f;la h<s
h<s;a fndfyda jrla l< hq;=h' blaì;sj Tn m%sh lrk mqoa.,fhl="
95 96
uOHia: mqoa.,fhl= yd i;=re mqoa.,fhl= flf¾ ffu;%sh jeãug
fhdÞ.;a l%uhg iudk f,i wkqlïmdj jeäh hq;=h'
meyeos,s f,iu fmfkk mßÈ i;=áka isák yd ÿlg m;a
fkd jQ i;a;ajhska flf¾ lreKdj jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj ksjka
wjfndaO fldg fkd .;a ish,q i;a;ajhska ksß f,dfjys bm§fï
NjH;djfhka ksoyia fkd jQjka yeáhg fufkys l< hq;=h'
mqk¾Nj ixidr jÜgh w;r;=r jQ .ufka oS Tjqka l< mdm l%shd
fya;=fjka yd ksß i;a;aj f,dalj, h<s bmoSfï wjÞkfuka ;ju;a
Tjqka ñoS fkdue;s neúka ish¨ i;a;ajhka ta mdm l%shdj, úmdl
ú£ug ;j ÿrg;a Ndckh jkafkdah' ;j o iEu i;a;ajfhl=u
lreKdjg wruqKla fõ' ula ksido h;a crd frda. yd urK
ÿxLfhka ñoS ke;s fyhsks'
fuh lsÍug Tn iu;a jQ l," mqoa.,hka i;r fokdg ;ud"
m%sh ukdm" uOHia: yd i;=re& ffu;%sh jevQ l%uhg iudk l%uhlg
lreKdj jeäh hq;=h' blaì;sj mqoa.,hka w;r úfYaI;ajh neyer
fldg tla tla wjia:djl ;D;Sh OHdkh f;la lreKdj jeäh
hq;=h'
wk;=rej Tn lreKdj me;srùfï wdldr 132 jeäh hq;=h'
msßú;r fkd l< me;sr ùï my" msßú;r l< me;srùï y;" tlish
úiaila jQ osid me;srùïh' 5¬7¬ 10 ÈYd «12«120&} 132& tajd ffu;%S
Ndjkdj jeãfïoS fhdÞ.;a tajd yd iudkh'
uqÈ;d Ndjkd
uqos;d Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj iudk ,sx.sljQ"
Ôj;ajkakdjQ yd m%S;su;a jQo" Tn b;du;a wdorh lrk fukau ys;j;a
jQo mqoa.,fhl= f;dard.; hq;=h' Tn ÿgq úg Tn ;=gq mygq lrk
iemj;a ;eke;af;l= f;dard .kak'
blaì;sj Tn ´\; lisKh p;=¾: OHdkh olajd jeäh
hq;=h' Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh §ma;su;a yd Yla;su;a jQ l, Tn
f;dard .;a i;a;ajhd ta wdf,dalh ;=<ska iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Tng
iudê wdf,dalh ;=<ska ta i;a;ajhd ±lSug yels jQ úg m<uqj ta
mqoa.,hd mdol fldg f.k ffu;%S Ndjkdj jvd OHdkhg
iujoskak' ffu;%S OHdkfhka ke.sg lreKd OHdkh jeäh hq;=h'
miqj thska ke.sg ta mqoa.,hd wruqKla yeáhg f.k" —fï i;a;ajhd
Tyq ,nd we;s iuDoaêfhka fjka fkdfõ jd ^fkd msßfyajd&˜ hs
is;ñka uqos;dj jvkak' ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la h<s h<s;a th
jvkak'
bka miqj tu wdldrhgu m%sh;u mqoa.,fhl=g" uOHia:
mqoa.,fhl=g yd i;=frl=g uqos;dj jvkak' blaì;sj Tng" Tn yd
iudk mqoa.,fhl=g" uOHia: mqoa.,fhl=g yd i;=frl=g ;ks ;ks
mqoa.,hka w;r we;s úfYaI;ajh neyer lsÍug yels jk f;la
uqos;dj jvkak' wkka; úYajh ;=< isák ish,q i;a;ajhka
wruqKla yeáhg f.k 132 l%uhg - msßú;r fkd jQ me;srùï my
msßú;r jQ me;srùï y;" osYd me;srùï tlish úiai ^5¬7¬ ^10 ÈYd
«12}120&} 132& uqos;dj jvkak'
WfmlaLd WfmalaId& Ndjkdj
WfmalaId Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj ´Þ; lisKh
p;=¾: OHdkh olajd jeäh hq;=h' blaì;sj iudk ,sx.sl" uOHia:"
Ôj;aj isák mqoa.,fhl= f;dardf.k Tyq fj; ffu;%sh lreKdj yd
uqÈ;dj hk tl tlla ;D;Sh OHdkh f;la jvkak' ;D;Sh
OHdkfhka ke.sg" wdorh" m%sh wm%sh nj" m%fudaoh yd i;=g hk
fïjdg wdikak neúka n%yau úydr;%fha wjdis fufkys l< hq;=h'
blaì;sj Tn WfmalaIdj mdol fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh Ydka;
yeáhg fufkys l< hq;=h' wk;=rej idudkHfhka uOHia:
mqoa.,fhl= wruqKla yeáhg f.k Tyq flf¾ —fï i;a;ajhd
;udf.au l¾ufha ysñlrefjl= jkafkah˜ hs WfmalaIdj fufkys
l< hq;=h'
;D;Sh OHdkfha ffu;%sh" lreKdj yd uqos;dj hk tajdys wdOdrh
we;s neúka uOHia: mqoa.,hd mdol fldg f.k p;=¾: OHdkh
jeãug jeä fõ,djla fkd .; hq;=h' Bg miqj Tn m%sh lrk" Tn
97 98
jvd;a m%sh lrk yd i;=re ;eke;af;l= flf¾ WfmalaIdj p;=¾:
OHdkh olajd jeãug Tng mq¿jk' wk;=rej Tng" Tn leue;s"
uOHia: yd i;=re mqoa.,fhl= fj; mqoa., úfYaI;ajh neyer jk
f;la h<s h<s;a WfmaCIdfõ p;=¾: OHdkh jeäh hq;=h' wk;=rej
wkka; jQ úYajh ;=< isák ish¨u i;a;ajhska wruqKla yeáhg
f.k msßú;r fkd jQ me;sr ùï my" msßú;r jQ me;srùï y;" ÈYd
me;srùï tlish úiai ^5¬7¬ ^10 ÈYd «12}120&} 132& hkqfjka
iukaú; 132 wdldrhg WfmalaIdj jeäh hq;=h'
nqÿ.=K isys lsÍu nqoaOdkqiai;s&
iQ;%j, ±lafjk md,s mdGh wkqj fuu Ndjkdj jeäh yels
nqÿ .=K kjhla we;' daod— d d. y ïu ïn o f N j wr i f O msb s i i q; x
c i d ïuú dpr ïm kd i.q f;d f,dlú¥ wk;q ;a fr mßq io drÒ ac K k a if
faj k k d 'iF f a u iq i x nq d N.j ;s :d o a Ooth fufia mßj¾;kh l< yel'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia il,úO Ñ;a; laf,aYhka úkdY lr
mQcdjg iqÿiq jk fial ^wryx&' Wkajykafia iïud iïnqoaO;ajh
u f;uka jykafiau ,enQ fial ^i u i n oOd&' Wkajykafia u× cdp K ï kd fakfhka yd YS, .=Kfhka mßmQ¾Kh ^ú r kÊ 'i a&mWkajykafia ys; msKsi jQ i;H jQ jpk muKla j\rk fial
^i.q f;d &' Wkajykafia f,dalh okakd fial ^f,dlú¥ &'
Wkajykafia yslauúh hq;a;ka yslauùfï,d wkqka;r kdhlhd jk a i &d ïu wk;q ;a fr mßq io drÒ 'fial ^ Wkajykafia foúhkaf.a yd
j k kiF f a u iq i x:d o a &ukqIHhkaf.a .=rejrhd jk fial ^ '
f Od&Wkajykafia nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ fial ^nq Wkajykafia mQ¾j o '
.jdl=Y, l¾uj, Nd.Hhkaf.a fY%aIaG;u iajdñhd jk fial' N &'
fï Ndjkdj b.ekaùu msKsi" iudêh jeãu Wfoid m%:u
—wryx˜ .=Kh Wmfhda.s fldg .; hq;af;a flfia ±hs ±laùug
WÞyrKhla fokafkuq(
wryx .=Kfha f;areï myla we;' tajd kï(
1' laf,aY O¾uhka yd <eÈlï ksrjfYaIfhka neyer l< fyhska o"
ta ish,af,ka ÿre jQ fyhska o nqÿka jykafia mQcdjg iqÿiq jQ
fial wryx&'
2' Wkajykafia wry;a u. kï jQ wismf;ka ish¨ flf<iqka lmd
yßk ,o fyhska nqÿka jykafia mQcdjg iqÿiqjk fial wryx&'
3' Wkajykafia wúoHdj yd ;DIaKdj uq,a fldg we;s
máÉpiuqmamdoh kue;s pl%fha wr lmd jekiQ fyhska nqÿka
jykafia —wryx˜ kï jk fial'
4' Wkajykafia W;a;u jQ YS," iudê yd m%× hk .=Khkaf.ka
iukaú; jk fyhska w.% jQ n%yau" foaj yd ukqIH mQcdjka ,enQ
fial' tfyhska Wkaykafia —wryx˜ kï jk fial'
5' yqfol,dfõ§ fyda wkHhka úiska fkd olakd ,o l,ays fyda
ryiska j;a Wkaykafia lhska" jpkfhka fyda is;ska mdmhla
fkd lrk fial' tfyhska Wkajykafia —wryx˜ kï jk fial'
fufia fï Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi m<uqj Tn nqÿka jykafia
—wryx˜ jkqfha l=ula ksid oe hs fï fya;= my lg mdvï lr.; hq;=
w;r tajd u;lfhka lSug yels muKg iu;a jk f;la W.; hq;=h'
blaì;sj fï Ndjkdj jeãug Tn wfmaCId lrkafkys kï
ish,a,g m<uqj Þ; lisKh mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh fyda
wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh h<s msysgqjd .;
hq;=h' ta iudêfhka my< jQ wdf,dalfha wdOdrfhka Tn óg fmr
oel we;a;djQ;a" Tn jvd leue;s jQ;a" mqokq ,enqjd jQ;a nqÿ ms<suhla
wdj¾ckh l< hq;=h' tfia wdj¾ckh lrk ,o ms<suh iudêh
jeãug wruqKla yeáhg .; hq;= h' Tn tu ms<suh meyeÈ,sj ÿgq
l,ays th we;a; jYfhkau nqÿka jykafiau hhs Wml,amkh
lrkak'
boska w;S; Njhl Tn nqÿka jykafia isheiskau ±lSug
jdikdjka; jQfjl= úKs kï i;H nqÿka jykafiaf.a rEmh Tnf.a
u;lhg kef.kq we;' blaì;sj Tn nqÿka jykafiaf.a yqÿ ms<suhg
99 100
fkdj Wkajykafiaf.a .=Kj,g wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' boska Tn
nqÿka jykafiaf.a ms<suh wdj¾ckh lsÍug W;aidy lrkafkys kï
yd Wkajykafiaf.a i;H rEmh u;= fkd jkafka kï túg Tn isys
l< nqÿ ms<suh i;H jYfhkau nqÿka jykafia hhs is;d .kak' Bg
wk;=rej nqÿka jykafiaf.a .=K isys lsÍug W;aidy .kak' by;
i|yka l< —wryx˜ ks¾jpkj,ska Tn jvdu;a leue;s ljr fyda
.=Khla .ekSug mq¿jk' tu .=Kh wruqKla yeáhg f.k th
—wryx˜ —wryx˜ hs h<s h<s;a iaurKh lrkak'
Tnf.a iudêh jefvk úg yd n,j;a jk úg nqoaO m%;sudj
w;=reoyka fjhs' Tn f;dard.;a .=Kfhys msysgd is; Ydka;j
iudê.; fjhs' ta .=Kh wruqKla ùu;a iuÕ mehla muK uki
iudê.; jQ l,ays yd Ydka; jQ l,ays OHdkdx. mj;S oehs mÍCId l<
hq;=h' tfy;a fuys § OHdkhg <Õd úh yelafla Wmpdr OHdkh
olajd muKs' Tng nqÿka jyiafiaf.a wfkl=;a .=Ko fï iudk
wdldrhg jeäh yels w;r fï Ndjkdjg wÞ< m[ap jiSh ,nd
.ekSug o m%.=K lrkak'
uD; YÍrhl ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj wY=N Ndjkdj&
uD; YÍrhl ms<sl=,a nj mdol fldg .;a Ndjkdj jeãu
msKsi Þ; lisKh fyda wdkdmdki;sh fhdÞ f.k p;=¾: OHdkh
h<s msysgqjd .ekSfuka werôh hq;=h' ta iudêfhka yg.;a wdf,dalh
§ma;su;a yd meyeÈ,s jQ úg yd Tn yd;ami m%Ndiajr jQ úg Tn óg
fmr oel we;s iudk ,sx.sl jQ fnfyúkau ms<sl=,a jQ uD; YÍrh
Tnu hhs wruqKla yeáhg .kak' Tnf.a wdf,dalfhka tu uD;
YÍrh wdj¾ckh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' Tn ta wdf,dalfha
iydhfhka ta kï yßhgu Tn fmr ÿgq foau hhs ne,Sug W;aidy
.kak' Tng th fï wdldrhg meyeÈ,s f,i ±lsh yels jQ l,ays
Tng yels jvd;au ms<sl=,a iy.; f,i th foi n,kak' ta u;
Tnf.a uki Ydka; yd iudê.; lr —ms<sl=,a˜ —ms<sl=,a˜ ^mál+,"
mál=,& hs fufkys lrkak'
mehla fyda folla uD; YÍrh wruqK flfrys Tnf.a uki
ia:djrj iudê.; lsÍug yels jQ l,ays W.a.y ksñ;af;a isg máNd.
ksñ;a;g udre jkq Tn w;a olskq we;'
W.a.y ksñ;a; Tnf.a oEiska jrla ÿgq uD; YÍrhg
w;Hka;fhkau iudk jQ wdj¾ð; m%;srEmhhs' W.a.y ksñ;a;
wm%ikak Nhxlr yd ;e;s .kakd iq¨ o¾Ykhla fõ' tfy;a máNd.
ksñ;a; nv msfrk ;=re wkqNj fldg y;r .d;h oud je;sr isák
ñksfil= fia fmfka'
Tn ta máNd. ksñ;a;g —ms<sl=,a˜ —ms<sl=,a˜ hs h<s h<s;a
wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= h' Tnf.a uki mehla fyda folla
ksrka;rfhkau ta wruqfKys t,an f.k isák úg OHdkdx.
meyeos,s fõ' tajd meyeos,s l,ays m%:u OHdkhhs' fï wdldrhg
OHdkfha m[ap jiSh jvkak'
urKdkqiauD;sh
uyd i;smÜGdk md<s iQ;%hg yd úiqoaê u.a. wgqjdjg wkqj
urKdkqiauD;sh Tn fmr ÿgq uD; YÍrh u; mokï fldg f.k
jeãug mq¿jk' tneúka urKdkqiauD;sh jeãu i|yd u< isref¾
ms<sl=, mokï fldg.;a m%:u OHdk iudêhg h<s;a we;=¿ úh hq;=h'
bka miq ta ndysr u< isrer wruqKla yeáhg f.k m%:u OHdkhg
jka úg —uf.a YÍrho fuf,i uefrk iq¨ jQjls' tAldka;fhkau
th fï wdldrhgu urKhg m;a fõ' fuf,i ùfuka .e,ùug
kqmq¿jk˜ hs fufkys l< hq;=h' ;udo urKhg m;ajk iq¨ nj
ms<sn|j uki iudêfhka yd i;sfhka hq;=j ;eîfuka Tng ixfõ.
yeÕSula we;s jkq we;' fï ±kqu Tn ;=< msysá l,ays Tnf.au
YÍrho ms<sl=,a lghq;= u< isrerla fia olskq we;' blaì;s Tnf.au
u< isref¾ m%;srEmfha Ôúf;akaøsh myj f.dia we;ehs wjfndaO lr
.ksñka Ôú; ú[aØKh myùfï wruqK ms<sn|j Ndjkd lsÍu;a
iudê.; lsÍu;a Tn l< hq;=h' ta ms<sn| is; iudys; fjoa§(
1' ud urKhg m;a ùu ksh;h; Ôú;h wksh;h ^urKx fu Oqjx'
Ôú;x fu woaOqjx&
101 102
2' uu ksh; jYfhkau urKhg m;a fjñ urKx fu Núiai;s&
3' uf.a Ôú;h urKfhka fl<jr fõ ^urKmßfhdidkx fu
Ôú;x&
4' urKh" urKh urKx urKx&
hk jelsj,ska tlla isyshg .; hq;=h' fïjd w;ßka Tn leu;s
ljrla fyda wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï uÕla yeáhg f.k th ljr
fyda NdIdjlska Tng isyshg .; yel' Tnf.a u< YÍr m%;srEmfha
Ôúf;akaøsh myùfï wruqK u; mehla fyda folla Ydka; f,i
ukisldr lsÍug iu;a jk f;la ù¾hh l< hq;=h' m%.=K l< hq;=h'
Tng fuh lsÍug yels úg m[ap OHdkdx. Wm§' tfy;a fï Ndjkd
wdrïuKfhka W.a.y iudêh muKla ,eìh yel'
ffu;%S" nqoaOdkqiauD;s" wiqN Ndjkd" urKdkqiauD;s hk
Ndjkd wruqKq i;r wdrCId p;=¾:h" —p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd˜ hs lshkq
,efí' ula ksido h;a tajdg fhda.djprhd wfkal úO
wka;rdhhkaf.ka wdrCId lsÍug yels fyhsks' ta fya;=j ksid
úo¾Ykd jeãug fmr fïjd bf.kSu;a jeãu;a b;d jeo.;ah'
fï>sh iQ;%fha ^wka.='111'109& fufia mjid we;' —ldu
;DIaKdj neyer lsÍu i|yd wiqNh jeäh hq;=h' oafõIh neyer
lsÍu i|yd ffu;%sh jeäh hq;=h' wkjiaÓ; is;=ú,s is|,Su i|yd
wdkdmdki;sh jeäh hq;=hs'˜
fï iQ;%hg wkqj wiqN Ndjkdj ldu ;DIaKdj neyer
lr,Sfï fyd|u wdhqOh fõ' by; b.ekajQ mßÈ Ndjkdj
jvkafkys kï wú[aØKl u< isref¾ ms<sl=, wú[ØKl wiqN&
hs lshkq ,efí' .sßudkkao iQ;%fha W.kajd jÞ< mßos" YÍrfha
fldgia 32 iys; Ôj;a jk i;a;ajfhl= .ekSu;a" ms<sl=,a jYfhka
tajdg wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu;a" Ôj;a jk lh u; ms<sl=,
^iú[aØKl wiqN& kñka ye¢kafõ' Ôjudk YÍrhla fyda
wú[aØK ^u<& YÍrhla u; wY=N Ndjkd folu ldu ;DIaKdj
neyer lr ,Sfï wdhqOh'
ffu;%sh jeãu oafõIh neyer lr,Sfï fyd|u wdhqOh
yeáhg ie,lsh yel' wdkdmdk i;sh wiudys; is;=ú,s neyer lr
,Sfï fyd|u wdhqOh yeáhg ie,lsh yel'
tfyhska fhda.djprhd ;=< rd.h we;s fõ kï wiqN Ndjkd
jeäh hq;=h' bÈka oafõIh mek k.S kï yd n,j;a fõ kï ffu;%sh
jeäh hq;=h' Ndjkd yd Y%oaOdj ÿ¾j, fõ kï yd uki W\iSk fõ
kï Tyq nqoaOdkqiai;sh Ndú; l< hq;=h' ixfõ. wvq fõ kï yd
ù¾hfha yd Ndjkdfõ ukafÞ;aidyS fõ kï urKh ms<sn| iauD;sh
^urKdkqiai;s& jeäh hq;=h'
Od;= p;=Ial Ndjkd jeãfï l%uh
p;=Od;=jjF:dk ^Od;= p;=ialh& Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi
flá yd iúia;r hkqfjka l%u folla fm< fmd;aj, oelafõ' fuys
meyeÈ,s flfrk flá l%uh ;shqKq kqjK we;s wh Wfoid jk w;r
iúia;r l%uh flá l%uh uÕska wjfndaO lr .ekSug ÿIalr jQjka
Wfoidh'
nqÿkajykafia i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha flá l%uh W.kajd jÞ<
fial' —NslaIqj ljr wdldrhlg fï YÍrh msysáh;a" ;snqK;a" lh
ms<sn|j fufia fufkys lrhs( fï YÍrfha yqfola mGú Od;=j"
wdfmda Od;=j" f;afcda Od;=j yd jdfhda Od;=j muKla we;af;ah˜'
úY=oaê ud¾.h fuh ;j ÿrg;a meyeÈ,s lrhs( —ta wkqj
m<uqj fï Ndjkdjg jeãug wjYH ;shqKq kqjKla we;s ;eke;a;d˜
blaì;s ;u uq¿ rEmldh flfrys is; fhduq lrhs' fï whqßka
fláfhka iïu¾Ykh lrhs' —fï lfha hula ;oo f.dfrdaiqo ta
mGú Od;=jhs' hula je.sf¾ o wef,ao ta wdfmda Od;=j hs' f;afcda
Od;=j" jdfhda Od;=j hkqfjka kej; kej;;a ukisldr l< hq;=h'
tkï yqÿ Od;= yeáhgh' i;a;ajfhl= yeáhg fkd fõ' wkd;au
yeáhgh˜' fï wdldrhg Tyq ù¾h jvk l,ays jeä l,a fkd f.dia
Tyq ;=< iudêh WmoS' Od;= j¾.SlrKh wdf,dalj;a lrk
wjfndaOh u.ska n,.kajkq ;yjqre lrkq& ,efí' th yqÿ m%fõYla
muKs' <Õd ùula ke;' ula ksid o h;a ;ks ;ks fldgia tys
103 104
wruqKq yeáhg f.k we;s fyhsks'
ke;fyd;a úl,am f,i uyd N+; i;r i;a;ajfhl=
fkdue;s nj fmkaùu wruqKq fldg f.k ießhq;a uy
f;rekajykafia fmkajd jÞ< fï rEm fldgia i;r we;' tkï
weg" kyr" uia yd iu hk tajdhska wjldYh jg fldg isá úg zrEmZ
hk kduh ,efí u'1'1'190& fï tl tlla fufia by;& ±lajQ mßÈ
fjka lrñka ksYaph l< hq;=h' fïjdfhys ;o .;sh tys wruqK
yeáhg ''''''' vsmxi43&
md wjqla fgdahd W.kajk l%uh kï uq¿ isrer u iïu¾Ykh lsÍu hs'
1' mGú Od;=j - ;o" r¿" nr" isks÷" uDÿ" ieye,a,q
2' wdfmda Od;=j - je.sfrk" wef,k
3' f;afcda Od;=j - WIaK" YS;
4' jdfhda Od;=j - wdOdr jk" ;,a,q lrk f;rmk&
mGú Od;=jg wh;a .+K yh Oïuix.KSfhys olakd ,efí'
(^P170para647) tajd md<sfhka" llaL,x" uqÿlx" iKayx" Mreix"
.relx" ,yqlx fõ'
wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda Od;= .=K ±lafjk md<s jpk
ms<sfj,ska fufia h(
wdfmda - m.a>rK" wdnkaOk fyda ix.y
f;afcda - WKay" iS;
jdfhda - ú;a:ïNk" iuq§rK
fï Ndjkdj jeãug bf.kSu msKsi jrlg tl ne.ska Od;=
i;frys .+K fkdfyd;a ,laIK fod<y tl tlla iïu¾Ykh
lsÍug W.; hq;= h' idudkHfhka wOqkslhdg m<uq j jvd;a myiq
tajd iïu¾Ykh lsÍug;a" jvd wudre tajd miqjg ;eîug;a
b.ekaúh hq;= h' tajd idudkHfhka fï ms<sfj,g W.kajkq ,efí'
;,a¨ lsÍu ^f;rmSu&" ;o"r¿" nr" wdOdr jk" isks÷" uDÿ" ieye,a¨"
WKqiqï" YS;" wef,k yd je.sfrk hkqfjks' tla tla ,laIKhla
m<uqj YÍrfha tla ;ekl iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' blaì;s uq¿ YÍrh
mqrd iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .; hq;=h'
1' ;,a¨ lsrSu iïu¾Ykh lsÍu
iam¾Yh ms<sn| ±lSfuka hq;=j" Tn yqiau .kakd úg ysfia ueo
flfrk ;,a¨ lsÍu ms<sn|j mÍCIdldÍ ùfuka Tng wdrïN l<
yel' tys ;,a¨ lsÍu iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg"
YÍrfha ta wi, jQ ;j;a ;eklg Tnf.a ta l,amkdldrS nj udre
l< hq;=h' h<s;a ta .ek úuid ne,sh hq;=h' fï wdldrhg
m<uqfjka ysfiys" bkamiqj f.f,ys" lf|ys" w;aj," ll=,a yd
m;=,aj, fïjd iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jkq we;' Tnf.a
wjOdkh fhduq lrjk lfha ljr ;ekl fyda ;,a¨ lrk .;sh
myiqfjka ±l .ekSug yelsjk f;la Tn fuh h<s h<s;a l<
hq;=h'
W.=f¾ msgqmi jdhq f;rmqu iïu¾Ykh lsÍu myiq fkd fõ kï
yqiau .kakd úg Wrh mq¿,ajk úg fyda há nv fi,fjk úg
fyda isÿ jk f;rmqu wjOdkhg .ekSug W;aidy lrkak' boska
fïjd meyeos,s fkd jkafka kï yoj; reêrh úosk úg kdä
jeàu fyda fjk;a m%lg f;rmqula iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy
.kak' fld;ekl fyda fi<ùula we;akï tys f;rmqula o we;'
Tn fld;eklska fyda mgka .kafkys kï Tnf.a wjfndaOh
fiñka j¾Okh jk wdldrhgu lrf.k hkak' túg Tng uq¿
lh mqrd u f;rmqu iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
2' Tng fuh l< yelsh hs iEySulg m;a úh yels kï" ;o .;sh
iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' o;aj, ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh
lsÍfuka wrUkak' Tnf.a o;a tlg imkak' tajd fl;rï ;o
±hs yÕskak' bka miq Tnf.a iemqu nqre,a lrkak' o;aj, ;o
.;sh yÕskak' fuh yeÕ=kdg ^±kqkdg& miqj f;rmqu
iïu¾Ykh lsÍug fhdÞ .;a l%uhgu ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿
YÍrh mqrdu l%udkql+,j ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy
.kak' ys;d u;du YÍrfha fkd bjiqï .;s we;s fkd lsÍug j.
n,d .; hq;=h'
105 106
uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ l,
h<s;a uq¿ isref¾ f;rmqu .ek úuis,af,ka n,kak' ysi isg
fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd f;rmqu;a uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ;o
.;sh;a h<s h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lrñka fï fol - f;rmqu yd ;o
.;sh - udrefjka udrejg iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Tng fuh l<
yels hhs iEySug m;a jk f;la fndfyda jdrhla fuu l%shdj,sh
lrkak'
3' f;rmqu yd ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg r¿
.;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' Tnf.a o;aj, w.
w;=,a,kak' r¿ .;sh Tng ±fkkq we;' ±ka" by; ±lajQ mßÈ"
uq¿ YÍrh mqrd r¿ .;sh l%udkql+,j iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy
.kak' Tng r¿ .;sh fkd ±fka kï" h<s;a f;rmqu yd ;o .;sh
olsñka W;aidy lrkak' ta fol;a iuÕ fuh iïu¾Ykh
lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd h<s
h<s;a f;rmqu" ;o .;sh yd r¿ .;sh jrlg tl ne.ska
iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
4' fï ,CIK ;=k iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels hhs iEySug m;a jQ
úg" uq¿ YÍrh mqrd nr .;sh foi úuis,af,ka n,kak' Tnf.a
Tfvdlal=j ;=< tla w;la wksl u; ;eîfuka wrUkak' Wv
we;s w; nr nj Tng ±fkkq we;' ke;fyd;a Tnf.a ysi
bÈßhg ;eîfuka nr .;sh ±l .; yel' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd nr
.;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lsÍu
fkd lvjd lrkak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd f;rmqu" ;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh
yd nr .;sh hk ,CIK y;r udrefjka udrejg fidaÈisfhka
úuikak'
5' fï ,CIK y;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels hhs Tn iEySug m;a jQ
úg uq¿ YÍrh mqrd wdOdr jk .;sh .ek úuis,su;a jkak'
Tnf.a fldkao ,sys,a lsÍfuka nqre,a lsÍfuka wrUkak' Tnf.a
isrer bÈßhg kefuhs' bka miq Tnf.a YÍrh fl<ska lr iDcqj
;nd .kak' YÍrh fl<ska ksYap, yd iDcq f,i ;nd .kakd n,h
wdOdrhhs' ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd we;s wdOdr jk
.;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lsÍu
È.gu lr f.k hkak' boska Tng fuh lsÍfï wmyiq;djla
we;akï ;o .;sh iuÕ wdOdrh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy l<
yel' th wdOdrh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug myiq jk fyhsks'
wdOdrh myiqfjka iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg uq¿
YÍrh mqrdu ;,a¨ lsÍu" ;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh" nr .;sh yd wdOdrh
hk ,CIK .ek mÍCId lr n,kak’
6' fï my iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg Tnf.a Èj f;df,a
we;=¿ me;a; ^isks÷ .;sh yefÕkq jia& ;o lrñka msßlaikak'
blaì;sj uq¿ YÍrh mqrd isks÷ .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk
f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lrf.k hkak' bka miq Tfí isrer
,sys,a lrkak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd isks÷ .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug
yels jk f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lrñka hkak' ±ka Tng ;,a¨
lsÍu" ;o nj" r¿ nj" nr nj" wdOdrh yd isks÷ nj uq¿ YÍrh
mqrd úuid ne,sh yel'
7' B <Õg Tfí f;d,a f;;a lrñka Èj f;d,a u; me;af;ka me;a;
w;=,a,kak' bka miq j fmr mßÈ uq¿ YÍrh mqrd fudf,dla .;sh
iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la m%.=K lrkak' jrlg tl
ne.ska uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ,CIK y; úuid n,kak'
8' B <Õg tla weÕs,a,la by<g yd my<g Tijñka tys ieye,a¨
nj yÕsñka ksÍCIKh lrkak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ieye,a¨ nj
iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la m%.=K lrkak' by; meyeÈ,s
l< mßÈ ,CIK wg úuid n,kak'
9' B <Õg uq¿ YÍrh mqrd we;s WIaKh úuid n,kak' fuh lsÍu
idudkHfhka myiqh' Tng ±ka ,laIK kjhla iïu¾Ykh l<
yelsh'
10' B <Õg yqiau kdisldj ;=<g we;=¿ jkjd;a iuÕ tys we;s jk
isis,a nj yÕsñka YS; nj úuid n,kak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd th
107 108
l%udkql+,j iïu¾Ykh lrkak' ±ka Tng ,laIK oyhla
iïu¾Ykh l< yel'
igyk ( by; i|yka ,CIK oyhu iDcqju iam¾Y bkaøsh uÕska ±l
.; yel' tfy;a wjika ,CIK fol - je.sfrk nj yd we,Su
wka ,CIK oyh mokï fldg .;a wkqudkh uÕska oek.; yel'
th" ta fol wjidkhg b.ekaùug fya;=jhs'
11' wef,k nj iïu¾Ykh lsÍu i|yd YÍrh ifuka" udxYj,ska yd
kyrj,ska tlg w,a,d f.k isákafka flfia oehs fiú,af,ka
isáh hq;=h' reêrh ne¨khla ;=< j;=r fuka ord isákq ,efí'
we,Sulska f;dr jQ úg YÍrh fjka fjka fldgiaj,g yd
wKqj,g leã jefgkq we;' .=re;ajdl¾IK n,h o - fuh
YÍrh fmd<jg w<jd ;nhs - we,Suls' fuh o by; mßÈ
jvkak'
12' je.sÍu iïu¾Ykh lsÍu msKsi lgg fl< bkSu" reêrh Ouks
u.ska f.k hdu" fmky¨j,g jd;h msÍu" YÍrh mqrd WIaKh
me;sÍ hdu ms<sn| mÍCId lsÍu u.ska mgka .; hq;=h' by; mßÈ
fuh jvkak'
je.sÍu fyda we,Su iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy lsÍfïoS
ÿIalr;djla w;a ú£ug isÿ fõ kï" m<uqj uq¿ YÍrh mqrd wksl=;a
,CIK oyh jrlg tl ne.ska iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Tn fuys
olaIjQ úg we,Su kï jQ ,CIKho meyeos,s jk nj Tng fmfkkq
we;' boska we,Su ;ju;a meyeÈ,s njg m;a fkd jkafka kï yqfola
;,a¨ lsÍu yd ;o .;sh hk ,CIK folg muKla h<s h<s;a
wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' wjidkfha§ uq¿ YÍrh ,Kq ler,sj,ska
T;d we;a;d fia Tng yeÕS hdhq;=h' túg fuh we,Su kï jQ ,CIK
yeáhg iïu¾Ykh l< yelsh' je.sÍï ,CIKh Tng meyeÈ,s
njg m;a fkd fõ kï YS;" WIaK fyda ;,a¨ lsÍu hk ,CIK iuÕ
tlg wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' túg je.sÍfï ,CIKh iïu¾Ykh
lsÍug Tng yels úh hq;=h'
fï ,CIK fÞ<y ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd
meyeos,sj iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels kï Tn fï ms<sn|j h<s
h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lsÍu lr f.k hd hq;=h' Tng fuh l< yels hhs
iEySulg m;aúh yels kï th óg fmr oS we;s ms<sfj,g h<s ilid
.; hq;=h' tkï ;o" r¿" nr" uDÿ" isks÷" ieye,a¨" je.sfrk"
wef,k" WIaK" YS;" wdOdrl yd ;,a¨ lrk hkqfjks' fï ms<sfj,
mdúÉÑ lr ysi isg fom;=, olajd jrlg tl ne.ska tla tla
,CIKhla iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' Tng fuh b;du;a
blaukska - ñks;a;=jlg jg ;=kla olajd - lsÍug yels fia jvkak'
fufia m%.=K lr f.k hk úg iuyr fhda.djprhka yg
Od;= iu nr fkd fõ' iuyr Od;= w;Hêl yd ±ßh fkd yels ùfï
m%jK;d ;sìh yel' úfYaIfhka ;o .;sh" WIaK .;sh yd ;,a¨
lsÍu wêl f,i n,j;a úh yel' bÈka fujekakla we;s jqjfyd;a
wêl jQ ,CIKfha úreoaO ,CIKhg jeämqr wjOdkh fhduq l<
hq;=h' iudêh ta wdldrhg jeãu lr f.k hd hq;=h' fuh Od;=
h<s;a iu nr lrkq Tng ±lsh yel' fï wruqK we;sj ,CIK
fÞ<y m<uqj W.kajk ,oafoa' Od;=ka iunr jQ úg iudêh ,eîu
jvd;a myiq fõ'
Od;= iu nr lsÍfï§ m%;súreoaO hq., kï( ;o yd fudf<dla"
f.dfrdaiq yd isks÷" nr yd ieye,a¨" je.sfrk yd wef,k" WIaK yd
YS;" ord isák yd ;,a¨ lrk hkqhs'
fï hq.,j,ska tlla m%udKhg jvd wêl fõ kï Bg
m%;súreoaO ,CIKhg wjOdkh fhduq fldg iu nr lrkak'
WÞyrKhla jYfhka je.sfrk ,CIKh wêl kï we,Su flfrys
wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' wdOdrl ,CIKh wêl kï ;,a¨ lsÍu
flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' b;sß tajdgo óg iudk f,i
ms<shï l< yel'
uq¿ YÍrfha ,CIK fÞ<y iïu¾Ykh lsÍfuys ,d olaI
njg m;a jQ úg yd ,CIK meyeÈ,s jQ úg uq,a yh tlg .;a l, mGú
109 110
Od;=j f,i;a" B <Õ fol tlg .;a l, wdfmda Od;=j f,i;a"
wjidk fol jdfhda Od;=j f,i;a is;g .; hq;=h' is; Ydka; lr
.ekSug;a" iudêh ,nd .ekSug;a mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda Od;=
iïu¾Ykh lsÍu fkd lvjd lrf.k hd hq;=h' ish jrla oyia
jrla fyda ñ,shk jrla fyda h<s h<s;a fuh lr f.k hd hq;=h'
fï wjia:dfõ mdúÉÑ l< hq;= fyd| l%uhla kï uq¿
isref¾ iuia; o¾Ykhla tl jr .ekSu yd Od;= i;r ms<sn|j
wjf,dalkh lsÍuhs' uki Wmiu lsÍu;a iudê.; lsÍu;a i|yd
wjOdkh YÍrfha tla fldgilska ;j tllg udre fkd l< hq;=h'
ta fjkqjg YÍrfha iuia; o¾Ykhla .; hq;=h' idudkHfhka b;d
fyd|u foa Tn Wrysig msgqmiska isg n,kakdla fuka isÿ lrk
iuia; o¾Ykhla .ekSuhs' th ysfika miq mi isg my< n,kakdla
fuka o l< yel' tfy;a th wd.;shg fya;= úh yels w;r iuyr
fhda.djprhka ;=< iunr;dj ì£ hdug o fya;= fjhs'
úY=oaê ud¾. àldj l%u oyhlg wjOdkh fhduq lrñka
iudêh jvk f,i o lshhs' wkqms<sfj,g" muKg jeä fõ.fhka
f;drj" fyñysgo fkdj" is; úlafIam ùfuka ^úisÍ hdfuka&
f;drj" m%{ma;sfhka tmsg hñka" wmeyeÈ,s foa bj; ,ñka" ,CIK
iïu¾Ykh lrñka" wêÑ;a; iQ;%h wkq;a;riS;sNdj iQ;%h yd
fndÊCOx. iQ;%h wkqj Ndjkd lrñka hk oY wdldrhgh'
nf;1' wkqms<sfj,g - wkqmqn d
—ms<sfj,˜ hkafkka nqÿka jykafia jÞ< ms<sfj,hs'
tkï( mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda
2' muKg jeä fõ.fhka f;drj - kd;ssiS>f;d
3' fyñysg o fkdj - kd;siKslf;d
bÈka muKg jeä fõ.hlehs Tng jegfykafka kï Ndjkdfõ
wruqK jQ Od;= i;r meyeÈ,sj olakg fkd ,efnkafkah' kEjg
jeä fiñka hhs Tng yefÕkafka kï Tn Ndjkdfõ wjidkhg
<Õd fkd jkafkysh'
4' is; úlafIam ùfuka f;drj - úflaÄmamándykf;d
Ndjkdfõ wruqK - Od;= i;r - flfrys muKla is; mj;ajd
f.k hdug Tn iy;sl úh hq;=h' fjk;a wruqKq flfrys is;
bnd.df;a hdug bv fkd Èh hq;=h'
5' m%{ma;sfhka tmsgg hñka - m[a[ ;s;siu;sCLuKf;d
Tn mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda hs is;ska kslug lshjdf.k
fkd hd hq;=h' tajd ksfhdackh lrk i;H iajNdjh - ;o" r¿"
nr" uDÿ" isks÷" ieye,a¨" je.sfrk" wef,k" WIaK" YS;" wdOdrl"
;,a¨lrk iajNdjh - ms<sn|j mÍCIdfjka isáh hq;=h'
6' wmeyeÈ,s foa bj; ,ñka - wkqmÜGdk uq[apkf;d
Tng ,CIK fÞ<y iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels kï iy Wmiukh
yd iudêh jeãug W;aidy .kakd úg wmeyeÈ,s ,CIK
;djld,slj w;ayeßh yel' Od;=j, iunr núka f;dr ùula
ksid th fõokdjg fyda wd;;shg fya;=ldrl fõ kï fuh
×kdkaú; fkd fõ' Od;= i;ßka tla tla Od;=jla u; hg;a
msßfihska tla ,CIKhla j;a Tn ;nd .; hq;= w;r" Od;= ;=kla"
folla fyda tlla u; muKla Tng l%shd l< fkd yel' bÈka
,CIK fÞ<yu meyeÈ,s kï b;du fyd| thh' tlla j;a bj;
fkd oeñh hq;=h'
7' ,CIK iïu¾Ykh lrñka - ,CLKf;d
Tn Ndjkd lsÍug mgka .;a úg tla tla Od;=jl iajdNdúl
,CIK meyeÈ,s fkdue;af;a kï túg Tng tajdys l%shdldÍFjh
flf¾o wjOdkh fhduq l< yelsh' iudêh jv jvd;a fyd| jQ
úg iajNdj ,CIK flf¾ is; tald.% l< hq;=h' mGú Od;=fõ
;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh" wdfmda Od;=fõ je.sfrk nj yd wef,k nj"
f;afcda Od;=fõ WIaK nj yd YS; nj" jdfhda Od;=fõ wdOdrl
.;sh fï wjia:dfõ Tn yqfola Od;= f,i muKla olafkysh'
tajd mqoa.,fhl= fyda wd;auhla yeáhg fkd olafkysh'
8' 9 yd 10 fï iQ;% ;=k Y%oaOd" ù¾hh" i;s" iudê yd m%× hk bkaøsh
my iunr lsÍu;a" fndaê wx. i; iu nr lsÍu;a W.kajhs'
lreKdlr fïjd foi Tnu n,kak' wêÑ;a; iq;a; ^ksñ;ak
iq;a;& ^wx.=;a;r 1'258 msg& wkq;a;ris;s Ndj iq;a; ^wx.=;a;r
1'379& fndÊCOx. iQ;a; ixhq;a; 3" 71 - 73 msgQ&
111 112
Od;= i;r u; iudêh jeãu lr f.k hk úg Wmpdr
iudêh ,eîu wrU;au úúO j¾.fha wdf,dal olakg ,efnkafkah'
iuyr fhda.djrhka ;=< ÿu yd iudk w¿ mdg f,iska werfUhs'
bÈka Tn fï w¿ mdg ;=< p;= Od;= iïu¾Ykh lr f.k hkafkys
kï th lmq mq¿khla fuka jvd;a Yafõ; j¾K fjhs' blaì;sj
j<dl=¿ fuka §ma;su;a Yafõ; j¾K fjhs' fuu wjia:dfõ§ Tnf.a
uq¿ lh Yafõ; iajrEmfhka úoHudk jkq we;' ta iqÿ rEmh ;=< p;=
Od;= iïu¾Ykh lsÍu u; iudê.; lsÍu lr f.k hd hq;= h' th
whsia l=Üáhla fyda ùÿre l=Üáhla fuka meyeÈ,s jkq Tng ±l .;
yel'
fï úksúo fmfkk rEm m[ap m%ido rEmhs' fï m%ido rEm
mfyka ldh m%idoh uq¿ YÍrh mqrd jHdma;j mj;S' fï wjia:dfõ§
ldh m%ido Od;=" plaLq m%ido Od;=j" fY%da; m%ido Od;=j" >%dK m%ido
Od;=j" ðõyd m%ido Od;=j ÿgq úg tajd f.dvj,a yeáhg fmfkkq
we;' ula ksido h;a Tn ;ju;a >k ;=k neyer lr ke;s fyhsks'
^u;= ±lafjk isoaOdka; újrKh wvx.= fldgfia jeä úia;r
n,kak'&
boska Tn ldh m%idofhys jQ m%ido Od;=j ;=< we;s Od;= i;r
iïu¾Ykh lr f.k hkafkys kï" th È÷<k nj;a" wdf,dalh
ksl=;a lrk nj;a Tng fmfkkq we;' fï wdf,dalh hg;a
msßfihska meh Nd.hla fkd lvjd my< jQ miq" m%ido rEmfha wdldY
Od;=j ta ;=< jQ l=vd wjldY foi ne,sfuka iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tn
W;aidy .kafkys kï m%ido rEm l=vd wKqj,g leã hkq Tng fmkS
hkq we;' tajd rEm l,dm kï fõ' fuu wjia:djg meñK - th
Ñ;a; úiqoaêhhs - rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍu uÕska Tng oDIaáh
msßisÿ lsÍu ÈÜÀ úiqoaê& jeäh yel' bÈka Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh
ÿ¾j, kï yd lsishï úfYaI iu: Ndjkdjla jeãug wfmaCId
lrkafkys kï rEm l,dm ±lSug Tkak fukak lshd ;sìh§
iu:hg udre ùu fyd| u foa hs' fu;eka isg Tng YÍrfha fldgia
;sia fol u; Ndjkdj jeäh yel' Tng tla fldgila .; yels
w;r th ms<sl=,a yeáhg olajñka m%:u OHdkh jeäh yel'
ke;fyd;a fldgil j¾Kh p;=¾: OHdkh olajd iudêh jeãu
msKsi lisKhla yeáhg .; yel' bka miq Tng óg fmr meyeÈ,s
l< p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd jeãug mq¿jk'
boska fhda.djprhd iqoaO úmiaikdhdkslfhl= kï Tyq
m%ido rEm fmfkk ;=re;a" Wmpdr iudêh §ma;su;a yd m%Ndiajr jk
;=re;a Od;= i;r tajdys ,laIK wkqj Ndjkd l< hq;=h' wk;=re j
rEm l,dm fmfkk ;=re Ndjkdj jeãu wLKavj lr f.k hd
hq;=h'
rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï ms<sfj,
rEm l,dm m%ido jQ yd m%ido fkd jQ jYfhka ldKav
follg fnfoa' m%ido rEm mfyka tlla wka;¾.; jQ rEm l,dm
muKla m%ido rEm jk w;r wka rEm l,dm m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dm
hs'
m<uqj Tn m%ido rEm l,dm fkdj" ;ks ;ks m%ido rEmj,
we;s mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda hk Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍu
m%.=K lsÍug mgka .; hq;=h' Tng iuyr úgl rEm l,dm laIKsl
laIKslj yg .kakd nj;a ìf|k nj;a fmfkkq we;' fuu
wjia:dfõ§ rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍug ;ju;a fkd iu;a ùug
mq¿jk' ula ksid o h;a" mßudjka iys; l=vd wKq yeáhg rEm
l,dm olakd fyhsks' iuQy >k" lD;H >k wd§ >k ;=ka j¾.h
fuf;la neyer lr fkdue;s neúka Tn ;ju;a m%{ma;s lafIa;%fhah'
mrud¾:h foig ;ju;a fkd meñKs fyhsks'
Tn iuQyh yd yevh ms<sno ixl,amh neyer fkd l<
fyhska l=vd fmdÈhla ke;fyd;a —f.dvla˜ ms<sn| ixl,amfha
b;=rejla ;sfí' Tn Od;= óg jvd wE;g úNd. fkd lrkafkys kï
ta fjkqjg fï wKq fldgiaj, yg .ekau ^W;amdoh& yd ì£ hdu
^Nx.h& ukisldr lsÍu uÕska úmiaikd jeãug W;aidy .kafkys
kï túg Tn yqfola ixl,am u; mokï jQ úmiaikdjla lsÍug
113 114
m%h;ak orkjd fõ' tneúka rEmhkaf.a mrud¾:h ±lSu msKsi Od;=
;j ÿrg;a úYaf,aIKh lsÍu lr f.k hd hq;=h'
rEm l,dm w;s laIKsl f,i yg f.k ì£ hdu fya;=fjka
;ks ;ks Od;= l,dmj, Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng fkd
yels kï Tn yg .ekSu yd ì£ hdu ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq fkd
l< hq;=h' th yßhg Tn yuqùug jqjukdjla ke;s mqoa.,fhl=
fkd oelald fyda ie,ls,a,g fkd .;A;d fyda jQjo flfia fyda yuq
jQjd fuks' yg.ekau yd ì£u fkd i,ld yßkak' yqfola ;ks ;ks
rEm jQjo l,dmj, we;s Od;=j,g wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' ta .ek
wjÈfhka isákak'
Tn ;ju;a wiu;a kï uq¿ YÍrh mqrd mGú Od;= ish,a,gu
tl úg wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu yd ;ks l,dmhl mGú Od;=j fidhd
ne,Su hk fol udrefjka udrejg lrkak' blaì;s uq¿ YÍrh mqrd
wdfmda Od;= ish,a,gu tl úg wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu yd ;ks
l,dmhl f;afcda Od;=j fidhd ne,Su hk fol udrefjka udrejg
lrkak' wk;=rej uq¿ YÍrh mqrd jdfhda Od;= ish,a,gu tl úg
wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu yd ;ks l,dmhl jdfhda Od;=j fidhd ne,Su
hk fol udrefjka udrejg lrkak' bÈka Tn fï wdldrhg
wNHdi lrkafkys kï m%ido rEm l,dm fkdj m%ido rEm l,dm ;=<
jQ Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍu wrUkak' fï i<dh;kfhysu m%ido
yd m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dmj, Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
j¾K - jKaK¦ iEu rEm l,dmhlu olakg ,efí' th
rEmdrïuKhlao fõ' fï wdldrfha wdrïuK rEm iïu¾Ykh
lsÍu fnfyúka myiqh'
.kaO - iEu rEm l,dmhlu fõ' >dK m%ido Od;=j yd Njx.
ufkd m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lrñka wdrïN l< hq;=h' fuh
±lSu msKsi Tn kdifha Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h' >%dK
m%ido Od;=j Tng myiqfjka ±l .; yel' fï >%dK m%ido Od;=j
kdifha wÞ< rEm l,dmhkays ±lsh hq;=h' bÈka Tn m%ido l,dm ;=<
Od;= i;r - wdh;k ifhys m%ido l,dm fkdj - id¾:lj
iïu¾Ykh lrk ,o kï túg Tng §ma;su;a È<sfik Njx. Ñ;a;h
- ufkda oajdrh - myiqfjka iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jkq we;' th
yDoh jia;= rEmj, /£ we;s yo ;=< msysáfhah' th m%ido fkd jQ
l,dm - yoh oil l,dm ^yDoh oYjekak fldg we;s l,dm& hs
lshkq ,efí' fufia >%dKm%ido Od;=j yd Njx. ufkdaoajdrh
iïu¾Ykh lr Tn fufkys lsÍug f;dard .;a rEm l,dmj,
.kaOh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug hd hq;=h' .kaOh hkq >dK ú[aØKh
uÕska fyda ufkda ú[aØKh u.ska o; yels O¾uhls' >dK
ú[aØKh" >%dK m%ido Od;=j u; r|jñka WmÈkakls' ufkda
ú[aØKh Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=j u.ska wdl¾IKh lrkq ,en
yg .kS' th yoh j;a:q rEmj, ;udu rÞ isáhs' fï ksidh rEm
l,dmj, .kaOh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng wjYH jQ úg fï
l%shdj,shg wÞ< m%ido rEm folu tlg iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a'
ri - iEu rEm l,dmhlu mj;S' ðõyd m%ido Od;=j yd Njx.
ufkdaoajdrh hk fol u iïu¾Ykh lrk w;r Tn fufkys
lsÍug f;dard .;a rEm l,dmhl rih iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Èj
u;=msg we;s fl<j, rih iïu¾Ykh lrñka werôh yel' by;
i|yka .kaOhg iudk wdldrhg jia;=jl rih ðõyd ú[aØKh
u.ska fyda ufkda ú[aØKh uÕska o; yel' ta ksid fï folu
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'
wNsOïu wgqjdj ^wNs'wÜG'2"388 msg& fufia olajhs(
—ifnnd˜ ms mfkiaimfidafod ufkdoajdßld cjkfhj ,N;s˜’
jia;=jl j¾K" .kaO yd ri yqÿ ufkda ú[aØKfhkau ±l .;yels
neõka fmfka' Tnf.a Ndjkdj Yla;su;a ùug m%:u ufkda
ú[aØKfhka rih yd .kaOh o; yelafla flfia ±hs jvd;a
myiqfjka bf.kSug iydh ùu msKsi >dK ú[aØKh yd ðõyd
ú[aØKh fhdojkafkysh' Tnf.a Ndjkdj jvd;a Yla;su;a yd
n,j;a jQ úg yqÿ ufkdaoajdr ú[aØKh u.ska rih yd .kaOh Tng
±k.; yel'
´cd - iEu rEm l,dmhlu mj;S' tys j¾. 4 ls( l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;=
yd wdydr hk i;ßka ksmojk ´cdh' ´kE u rEm l,dmhl
115 116
we;=<; n,kak' cd kï jQ fmdaIl mÞ¾: Tng ±l .; yel' fï
´cdfjka h<s h<s;a .=K flfrk ^jeä flfrk& rEm l,dm ±lsh
yel' ^l,dmj, .=K ùfï yd j¾Okh ùfï l%uh miqj meyeÈ,s
flf¾'&
Ôú; ( fï l¾ufhka ksmqka rEmj, Ôú;h mj;ajdf.k hk
rEmhls' fuh Ñ;a;" W;= fyda wdydr u.ska Wmojk rEm ;=< olakg
fkd ,efí' l¾ufhka yg.;a rEmj, muKla olakg ,efí' m%ido
rEm l,dmj, l¾ufhka muKla ksmojkq ,efí' tneúka fuh
fiùu wdrïN l< hq;af;a fu;ekaysh' Tn m%ido rEm l,dm
iïu¾Ykh lr bka miqj tajd ;=< Ôú; rEm fiùu l< hq;=h'
Ôú; rEmh tho we;=<;a rEm l,dmj, mj;akd rEmj, muKla
Ôú;h mj;ajhs' wksl=;a l,dmj, Ôú;h Ñrl,a fkd mj;ajhs'
m%ido rEm l,dmj, Ôú;h iïu¾Ykh lsÍfuka wk;=re j
m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dmj, jQ Ôú; iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .;
hq;= h' YÍrfha Ôú; rEmh wvx.= m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dm j¾.
;=kls' tla j¾.hla jQ yDoh oil l,dm ^yDoh oi jeks fldgi
yeáhg we;s l,dm& yDofha muKla olakg ,efí' wksla fol -
Ndj oil l,dm yd Ôú; kjl l,dm - uq¿ YÍrh mqrd olakg
,efí'
tfyhska yDofhys yer YÍrfha wka ;ekl m%ido fkd jQ
rEm l,dmhl Ôú; rEmhla iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels kï th o Ndj
oil l,dmhla lshd fyda ke;fyd;a Ôú; kjl l,dmhla lshd o
Tn o; hq;=h' fuh fjka fldg ±laSug kï Ndj rEm iïu¾Ykh
lsÍug Tng yels úh hq;=h'
Ndj rEm - ^,sx. ;SrKh flfrk rEm& - uq¿ isrer mqrd wdh;k
ifhysu olakg ,efí' tfy;a th m%ido fkd jQ rEmhls' m%ido rEm
;=< Ôú; iïu¾Ykh lr we;akï yd m%ido fkd jQ rEmj, th
olakd ,o kï Ôú; rEm ÿgq m%ido fkd jQ rEmj, Ndj rEm fiúh
hq;=h' Tn Ndj rEm olskafkys kï l,dmh Ndj oil l,dmhls'
Ôú; kjl l,dmhla fkd fõ' mqreIfhl= ;=< mqreINdj rEm
muKla we;' ia;%shl ;=< ia;%S Ndj rEm muKla we;' mqreINdj rEm
hkq —fï msßñfhls˜ hs Tng o; yels .=Kdx.hls' ia;%SNdj rEm hkq
—fï ia;%shls˜ hs Tng o; yels .=Kdx.hls' Ndj rEm iïu¾Ykh
lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg YÍrh mqrd plaLq" fida;" >%dK" Ôõyd" ldh
yd yoh hk i<dh;kj,o fidhd ne,Sug mgka .kak'
yoh rEm ( Njdx. ufkd m%ido Od;= ^ufkd Od;= ke;fyd;a
ufkdaoajdr hkqfjka o y÷kajkq ,efí&' ufkda ú[aØK Od;=
folg wdOdr lrk rEmhhs' ufkda ú[aØK Od;=j plaLq" fida;"
>dK" ðõyd yd ldh hk m[ap bkaøsh ú[aØK yer wka ish¨
wdldrfha ú[aØKj,ska iukaú;h' yoh hkq ufkda Od;= yd
ufkda ú[aØK Od;= yg .kakd ;ekh' tys ,laIKh by;
Od;+kg wdOdr ùuh'
yoh rEm iïu¾Ykh lsÍu msKsi Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=j fj;
is; fhduq lrkak' blaì;sj" Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=jg Njx.
ufkda m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lrñka isák ufkda ú[aØKhg
wdOdrl jk rEm l,dmhl iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak'
Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=fõ my< fldgfia fï rEm l,dm ;sfnkq
oelSug Tn iu;a úh hq;=h' fï rEm l,dm yoh oil l,dm yDoh
oi jekak fldg .;a l,dm& fõ' tajd m%ido rEm fkdfõ'' tajd ;=<
yoh j;a:q rEmh ufkda Od;=j yd ufkda ú[aØK Od;=jg wdOdrl
fjhs¡
rEm m%ido Od;= úNd.h
plaLq kï jQ bkaøsh rEm j¾. lSmhlska iukaú; fõ' tajd
tlg ñY% jQ l,ays yd,a msá yd ;srsÕ= msá fuka úisrS we;' wefiys
tlg ñY% jQ m%ido Od;= foj¾.hla ;sfí' plaLq m%ido Od;=j yd ldh
m%ido Od;=j jYfhks' plaLq oil rEm l,dm yd ldh oil rEm
l,dm tlg iïñY%s; ù we; hkq fuys f;areuhs' ldh m%ido Od;=
wvx.= ldh oil l,dm i<dh;khka mqrdu úisrS mj;skq oelsh yel'
wefiys plaLq oil l,dm iu.;a" fida; oil l,dm iu.;a" >dK
oil l,dm iu.;a" csõyd oil l,dm iu.;a" yofha yoh oil
l,dm iu.;a iïñY%s;h' Ndj oi jekak fldg we;s Ndj oil
l,dmo i<dh;khka mqrdu úisrS we;' m%ido Od;= l,dm iu.
iïñY% ù we;' fuh oelaùu msKsi m%ido Od;=j, rEm úNd. lsrSu
117 118
wdrïN l< hq;=h¡
plaLq m%ido Od;=j - plaLq m%ido rEmh j¾Khg ixfõoSh' tfy;a
ldh m%ido Od;=j iam¾Yhg ixfõoSh' jia;=j,g we;s ixfõoS;dfõ
fï fjki" plaLq m%ido Od;=j ljrlaa o" ldh m%ido Od;=j ljrlaoehs
úNd. lsrSug;a wjfndaO lr .ekSug;a Tng bv i,ihss' m<uq j
plaLq bkaøshfha we;s Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wk;=rej m%ido
rEm l,dm iïu¾Ykh lrkak' bkslaì;sj Bg wdikakfha we;s rEm
l,dmhl j¾Kh foi n,kak' boska Tn f;dard .;a m%ido Od;=j u;
jefok fia taa j¾Kh Tn olafkys kï plaLq m%ido Od;=jhs ta' plaLq
m%ido Od;= u; ta j¾Kh fkd joS kï th plaLq m%ido Od;=jla fkd
fõ' th ldh m%ido Od;=jla úh hq;=h' ula ksid o h;a plaLqfõ
foj¾.hl m%ido Od;= muKla mj;akd fyhsks'
ldh m%ido Od;=j - ldh m%ido Od;=j iam¾Y ix>gkhg - mGú"
f;afcda yd jdfhda Od;= hk tajdfha iam¾Yhg - ixfõoSh' m%ido rEm
l,dm iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;sj" wdikakfha we;s rEm
l,dmhl mGú" f;afcda fyda jdfhda Od;= foi n,kak' Tn f;dard
.;a m%ido Od;=j u; fï Od;= ;=fkka tlla .Eù we;s neõ Tng
fmfka kï ta ldh m%ido Od;=jhs' ta ldh m%ido Od;=fõ rEm l,dm
ldh oil l,dmhhs' plaLqj iïnkaOfhka Tn l< wdldrhgu
fida;" >dK" csõyd" ldh yd yoh hk tajdfha ldh oil l,dm
iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
fida; m%ido Od;=j - fida; m%ido Od;=j Yío ix>gkhg ixfõoSh'
fidaf;akaøshfhys Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' m%ido rEm l,dmo
n,kak' Yíohlg weyqï lka fokak' Tn f;dard .;a m%ido rEmfha
th ix>gkh jkq Tng fmfka kï th fida; m%ido Od;=jhs' tys ;=<
we;s rEm l,dm fidaa; oil l,dmh hs' ldh oil l,dm iïu¾Ykh
lsrSu plaLqj iïnkaOfhka fmr fmkajd ÿka wdldrhg uh'
>dK m%ido Od;=j - >dK m%ido Od;=j .kaO ix>gkhg ixfõoSh'
>dfKakaøsfhys Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' m%ido rEm l,dmo
n,kak' B <Õg YrSrfha rEm l,dmhl .kaOh n,kak' boska tu
.kaOh m%ido Od;=fõ ix>gkh fõ kï th >dK m%ido Od;=j hs' ta
;=< we;s rEm l,dm >dK oil l,dmhs'
csõyd m%ido Od;=j - csõyd m%ido Od;=j ri ix>gkhg ixfõoSh'
csõydfõ Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' m%ido rEm Od;= iïu¾Ykh
lrkak' blaì;sj Bg wdikak rEm l,dmhl rih n,kak' ta m%ido
Od;=j u; ix>gkh ù we;s neõ fmfka kï th csõyd m%ido
Od;=jhs' csõydfõ rEm l,dm wei yd iïnkaO wdldrhgu olakg
,efí'
igyk ldh oil l,dm yd Ndj oil l,dm i<dh;kfhau oelsh
yel' tla tla ;ekl udrefjka udrejg ne,sh hq;=h'
Ñ;a;c rEm oelSfï l%uh
uq¿ cSú; ld,h mqrd yojf;a yoh j;a:q rEmh u; rÞ
mj;sñka ìys jk ish,q ufkda Od;= yd ufkda ú[aØK is;a Ñ;a;c
´cd wÜGul rEm l,dm ^isf;ka ksmo jQ ´cdj wg jekak fldg
we;s l,dm& ksmoùfï ,d iu;a fjhs' iEu ;ks Ñ;a;hlau uq¿ YrSrh
mqrd úysoS we;s fï ´cd wÜGul l,dm úYd, ixLHdjla ksmoùug
iu;a fõ'
Tn ufkda m%ido Od;=j fufkys lrkafka kï yoh j;a:q
rEmfha iydh ,enQ fndfyda is;a wLKavj rEm l,dm ksmojk neõ
Tng fmfkkq we;' uq,oS fuh meyeos,s fkd ue;af;a kï ufkda
m%ido Od;=j fufkys lr Tnf.a weÕs,s bosrshg;a miaig;a
fid<jkak' weÕs,s fi<ùug ukig wjYH fyhska rEm l,dm
úYd, ixLHdjla ksmojkq ,nk nj Tng oelsh yel' tfiau YrSrfha
wdh;k ifhysu fï rEm úisrS ;sfnkq oelsh yel' fïjd m%ido
fkdjQ rEm l,dmhs' úNd. l<fyd;a tl tll rEm wgla muKla
wvx.= jk nj olakg ,efí' my; igyka n,kak' msgq 127-132&
119 120
W;=c rEm ne,Sfï l%uh
l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;= fyda wdydr hk tajdhska ksmo jqKq rEmj,
wvx.= f;afcda Od;=j —W;=˜ hkqfjka ye|skafõ' f,i
ye|skafjk fï f;afcda Od;=j w¿;a W;=c ´cd wÜGul rEm l,dm
^W;=fjka jQ m<uq mrïmrdj& ksmoùug iu;ah' fï W;=c ´cd
wÜGul l,dmj,o f;afcda Od;=j wvx.=h' fuhgo W;=c ´cd
wÜGul l,dm fndfydauhla ksmoúh yel' ^W;=fõ fojk
mrïmrdjh&' boska f;afcda Od;=j lïuc l,dmhl mj;akd f;afcda
Od;=j kï" W;= kï jQ ta f;afcda Od;=j by; meyeos,s l< mrsos W;=c
l,dm y;rla fyda myla ìys lsrSfuys iu;a fõ' fuh isÿ jkafka W;=
tys ia:s;s ^Gs;s& wjia:djg meñKs úg muKs' Gs;s wjia:djg meñK
úg muKla tajdg Yla;sh we; hkak rEmj, kS;shls'
igyk fï W;=c wÜGul l,dmj, ´cdjo mj;S' fï ´cdjo
wdydrc ´cdfjka iydh ,o l,ays wdydrc ´cd wÜGul mrïmrd
ksmoùfï,d iu;a fõ' tfyhska rEm l,dmhl f;afcda Od;=j
ke;fyd;a cdj w¿;a rEm ksmoùfï,d iu;a jkafkah¡
Ñ;a;fhka ksmka f;afcda Od;=jlao we;' th o —W;=˜h'
idudkH ldudjpr Ñ;a;hla Ñ;a;c ´cd wÜGul l,dm ksmoùug
fya;= ldrl jk úg tajdyso f;afcda Od;=j wka;¾.; fõ' th o
—W;=˜ h' fï W;=j,g W;=c ´cd wÜGul l,dm ^Ñ;a;c f;afcda
Od;=fõ m%:u mrïmrdj& ksmoúh yel' fï W;=c ´cd wÜGul
l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=j wka;¾.; fõ' fuhg W;=c ´cd wÜGul
l,dmj, ;j;a mrïmrdjla ksmoúh yel' fï l%shdj,sh mrïmrd
folla fyda ;=kla olajd mej;sh yel'
iu: Ndjkdfõ W.a.y" Wmpdr yd máNd. iudêh m%.=K
lrk w;r;=r oS fyda úmiaikdj m%.=K lrk w;r;=r oS Ñ;a;j,go"
ud¾. yd M, Ñ;a; ish,a,go Ñ;a;c rEm ksmoùfï yelshdj we;'
fï Ñ;a;c remj, f;afcda Od;=j wvx.=h' th—W;=˜ h' Bg wNHka;r
jYfhka muKla fkdj ndysr jYfhkao ´cd wÜGul mrïmrd
fndfydauhla ksmoúh yel' wjfndaO Yla;sh jeä nj fyda iq¿ nj
—W;=˜
u; ke;fyd;a iudêfha Yla;sh u; fï rEm l,dm YrSrfha
úysfoñka fndfyda fyda iaj,am .Kkla ksmojkq ,efí' ^úiqoaê'
àld 2" 428" 429" 403 msgq&'
.=Kùfï yd rEm l,dm ìys lsrSfï fï l%shdj,sh f;afcda
^W;=& Od;=j ia:s;s ld,hg meñKs miq muKla isÿ fõ¡
fï Ñ;a;c rEm l,dm ´cdfjka iukaú;h' fuh wdydr
´cdfõ iydh ,o úg cd wÜGul wdydrc l,dm mrïmrd .Kkla
ìys lsrSfuys ,d iu;a fõ' tfy;a fïjd neyer j fkdj YrSrfha
wNHka;rfha muKla yg .kS'
my; i|yka flfrk wdydrc rEmj, f;afcda Od;=j ^W;=&
wvx.=h' fï W;= ia:s;s wjia:djg <Õd jQ úg Bg W;=c cd wÜGul
mrïmrd .Kkla ksmoúh yel' tfy;a foúhkaf.a cd jeks úfYaI
wdydrj, iydh we;sj fï l%shdj,shg fndfyda ld,hla l%shd;aul
úh yel' fï wdldrhg ksmojQ W;=c cd wÜGul l,dm ;=< cdj
wka;¾.;h' wdydrc ´cdj, iydh we;sj YrSrh ;=< wdydrc ´cd
wÜGulj, mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla ksmoúh yel'
wdydrc rEm ne,Sfï l%uh
wdydrc rEm wdydrfhka ksmka l,dm foj¾.hlska iukaú;h (
^1& wdydrc iqoaOdÜGl l,dm ( fuh Y=oaO rEm j¾. wglska
hqla;h' tys wdydrc ´cdj wg jeks fldgi fõ' tfyhska
Bg—wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm˜ hs o lshkq ,efí' th
ksIaMkak rEmhls’
^2& ,yq;dfoldoil l,dm ( th Y=oaO wIaGlfhka yd ,yq;d
^ieye,a¨&" uqÿ;d ^uDÿ& yd lïu[a[;d ^l¾uKH& hk rEm
;=fkka iukaú;h' th ika;=IaÀh" fi!LH iïmkak nj"
Yla;sh yd iqj myiqj hkdosh u; YÍrhg iqj myiqjla yd
ieye,a¨jla oekqKq úg cks; fõ' WÞyrKhla jYfhka wmf.a
wdydr ÔrKh b;d fyd| kï fï wdydrc ´cd l,dm b;d
myiqfjka jHdma; fjhs' wdydr fmdaIHodhl kï yd m%KS; kï
121 122
túg o thu isÿ fõ'
fï wdydrc rEm foj¾.h fmdaIKfha fohdldrhl l%shdÞuhla
wkqj cks; fõ' tA wdydrfhka yd mdkfhka tk cdj u.ska YÍrh
fmdaIKh jQ l,ays isÿùïh' flfia o@
YÍrh wfma wdydr ÔrK moaO;sh ;=< jQ wdydrfhka yd
mdkfhka rih ´cdj& Wrd .kS' tkï wfma uqLfhys jQ wdydrfhka
yd mdkfhka¦ wfma l=i ;=< w¨;ska .kakd ,o - fkd osrE -
wdydrfhka yd mdkfhka¦ nvje,a ;=< jQ w¾O jYfhka yd mQ¾K
jYfhka osrE wdydrfhka¦ bka miqj u<j,skah' fï ish,a, W;=c cd
wÜGul l,dmh' wfma md;%fha wdydr fiah' ta l,dmj, mj;akd
fmdaIl idrh m%Odk jYfhka mdpl f;afcdafõ iydhfhka YÍrh
fmdaIKh lrhs' fuh ^óg fmr i|yka l<& l¾ufhka yg.;a yd
uq¿ YÍrh mqrd we;s Ôú; kjl l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=jhs'
B <Õg ´cdfõ ^fmdaIKfha& woshr folls' m%:u woshr
mdpl f;afcdaj wfma ÔrK moaO;sfha we;s wdydrfha ri ´cdjg
tl;= jQ úg werfò' fï tl;=fjka uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ;j;a rEmhla
cks; fõ' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm ksmoùuhs tA'
fojeks woshr mdpl f;afcdaj wdydrc ´cd wÜGul
l,dmj, cdjka" lfha wfkla rEmj, cdjka tl;= jQ úg werfò'
fï tl;=ùu fya;=fjka ;j;a ^w¿;a& rEmhla ksmofú' th ;j;a
wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmhls'
§l¾uc rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd i;f¾ isg myla
§Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd fofla isg ;=kla
§W;=c rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd oyfha isg fÞ<yla
§wdydrc rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd oyfha isg fÞ<yla
wdydr yd mdkj, ´cd u.ska YÍrh fmdaIKh lrkqfha ta
wdldrhgh' WÞyrKhla yeáhg cdfõ fmdaIKfha& m%:u woshf¾
oS wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmh plaLqj fj; <Õd fjhs' bka miqj
fojk woshf¾oS ta wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmfha cdj - fmdaIl
idrh - mdpl f;afcdaj iuÕ& plaLq oil l,dmhl cdj uqiq fõ'
wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd y;f¾ isg my olajd cks;
fõ' wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm yd Ôú; kjl l,dm wdOdrl
m%;H ^Wm;a:ïNl mÉph& yeáhg l%shd lrk w;r plaLq oil
l,dm ksmojk m%;H ^ckl mÉph& yeáhg l%shd;aul fõ' h<s;a
wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm i;f¾ isg my olajd jQ mrïmrdj,
we;s f;afcda Od;=j W;=c cd wÜGul mrïmrd oyfha isg fÞ<yla
Wmojhs' fï l%shdj,shu plaLqfõ ldh oil l,dmj,;a" plaLqfõ
Ndj oil l,dmj,;a" Ñ;a;c wÜGul l,dmj,;a" Ôú; kjl
l,dmj,;a" wksl=;a wdydrc wÜGul l,dmj,;a isÿ fõ'
WÞyrKhla yeáhg wdydr yd mdk ´cdj plaLqj fmdaIKh
lrkqfha fï wdldrhgh' tla oskl wdydrfhka .kakd ,o cdjg
fï wdldrhg osk y;la olajd rEm ckkh l< yel' wmf.au
l¾uh wkqj ;SrKh jk mdpl f;afcdaj u; mrïmrd .Kk
rÞmj;S' th wdydrfha .=Kd;aul Ndjh u; o rÞ mj;S' bÈska
wdydrh .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka wvq kï Bg mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla
ksmoúh fkd yel' wms ÿ¾j, fjuq' fliÕ fjuq' boska wdydrh
m%KS; kï Bg mrïmrd lSmhla ckkh l< yel' wms ia:Q, fjuq'
foõf,dj w.%.KH wdydrh jQ osjH fNdackh fï wdldrhg udi
tlla fyda folla olajd mrïmrd cks; lrjhs'
Ôú; kjl l,dm uq¿ YÍrh mqrd mj;akd fyhska" isrer
mqrd jQ mdpl f;afcdaj ÿ¾j, uÜgulska mj;S' ta fya;=fjks" iug
Tiq f;,la .E úg fyda iug háka Tiqjla tkak;a l< úg Tiqj
isrer mqrd me;sÍ hkafka wdydrfha m%:u woshr&' boska f;,a jeämqr
.E úg ifï mj;akd mdpl f;afcdaj uo fõ' thska Tiqj Wrd
.ekSug fndfyda fõ,djla .; fõ' Tiqj m%;sM, f.k tkafka
wdydrfha fojk woshr ;=<ska hk úgh'
123 124
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj i|yd rEm oek .ekSu msKsi yd oel
.ekSu msKsi wdydrfha fï wjia:d folu wm oek .; hq;=h' oel
.; hq;=h' tkï wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm ksmfhka yd YÍrfha
úúO wx. ;=< úysfok m%:u woshr iy YÍrfha úúO wxY fmdaIKh
lsÍu i|yd wfkl=;a ´cd wÜGul l,dm ksmojk fojk woshr
hk folh¡
úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia i|yka lrhs' W;=fjka ksmojkq ,enQ
fkd meiqKq wdydr" osrE wdydr" ierj yd uq;% hk fï y;r
iïnkaOj W;=fjka muKla ksmo jQ ´cd wÜGul l,dmj, wg
j¾.hl rEm mj;S' úY=-u'Xviii.6)
fuhska fmfkkqfha YrSrfha fï fldgia y;r W;=fjka
muKla ksmka ´cd wÜGul l,dmj,ska iukaú; jk njhs'
tfyhska w¿; nqosk ,o wdydrh ;ju;a l=i ;=< fõ' th W;=c cd
l,dmj,ska muKla iukaú; fõ' cSú; kjl l,dmj, we;s f;afcda
Od;=fõ iydhfhkA - fuh cSrK f;afcdaj ilihs - fï W;=c ´cd
wÜGul l,dmj, ´cdjg" ´cd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd .Kkla
ksmoúh yel' fï wdydrc rEm j,g wdh;k yh mqrdo me;srsh yel'
tla oskla .kakd ,o wdydrj,g wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm osk
y;la olajd ksmoúh yel' osjH fNdackj,g fuh udihla fyda
folla jqj o l< yel' tla oskla .kakd ,o wdydrhg lïuc"
Ñ;a;c" W;=c l,dm cdjgo B<Õ osk y;lg iydh úh yel'
fïjd oelSu msKsi Tng wdydr wkqNj lrk úg Ndjkd
jeäh yel' uqLfhka" W.=frka" Worfhka yd nvje,aj,ska mgka
f.k uq¿ YrSrh mqrd wdydr rEm me;sfrkq oelsh yel' uqLfha"
W.=f¾" l=fia yd nvje,aj, we;s w¿;a wdydrj, Od;= i;r
iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tys rEm l,dm Tn okafkysh' l¾ufhka yg
.;a mdpl f;afcdafõ iydh we;sj wdydr rEm l,dmj, we;s cdj"
YrSrh mqrd m;=re jk w¿;a rEm l,dm ksmojk nj fmfkk f;la
úuis,af,ka ne,Su fkd lvjd lrkak'
úl,am jYfhka wdydr wkqNjfhka miqj Ndjkd lsrSu;a
iu. fïjd oelSug mq¿jk' wjêfhka wjêh jv jvd iudêh
j¾Okh lr f.k l=i ;=< fyda nvje,a ;=< jQ w¿;a wdydrfha Od;=
i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wdydrfha we;s wÜGul l,dmj, ´cdj"
l¾ufhka yg .;a mdpl f;afcdafõ iydh we;sj uq¿ YrSrh mqrd
úysoSug wdydrc wÜGul l,dm ìys lrk ieá fmkS hk f;la fkd
lvjd lr f.k hkak' fï l,dm úNd. lr n,kak' tl tll rEm
wg iïu¾Ykh lr n,kak' tajd m%ido fkdjk rEm neõ olskak'
iudêh jvd fï wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm isrer ;=<ska
me;sfrk ieá;a plaLqj fj; <Õd jk ieá;a iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
plaLqfõ fï l,dmj, ;sfnk rEm wg iïu¾Ykh lrkak' fï
l,dmj, we;s cdj wdydrc cdjh' fï wdydrc cdj" plaLqoil
l,dmj, wvx.= lïuc ´cdjg rEm l,dm mrïmrd y;rla fyda
myla ksmoùug iydh fõ' mrïmrd .Kk" l¾ufha yd wdydrc
´cdfõ iydh ùï Yla;sh u; rÞ mj;S' h<sÿ rEm l,dm y;r fyda
my ;=< —W;=˜ hkqfjka ye|skafjk f;afcda Od;=j fõ' fï
ia:s;s wjia:dfõ oS W;=´cd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd .Kkla ckkh
l< yel' fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak'
ldh oil l,dm yd Ndj oil l,dmj, ´cdj wdydrc
´cdfõ iyh ,en wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd y;rla fyda
myla cks; l< yels nj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak' ;jo
fï mrïmrdj, wvx.= f;afcda Od;=j - W;= - W;=c ´cd wÜGul
l,dm mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla ckkh lrhs'
tfiau plaLqfõ iEu Ñ;a;c wÜGul l,dmhlu cd we;'
fï Ñ;a;c ´cdj wdydrc ´cdfõ iydh ,enQ úg wdydrc wÜGul
l,dm folla fyda ;=kla ìys lrhs' fïjdys f;afcda Od;=j - W;= -
W;=c cd wÜGul mrïmrd .Kkdjla ìys l< yelsh'
uki iu:" úmiaikd" u.a. fyda M, Ñ;a; jQ l," Ñ;a;c
´cd wÜGul l,dm fndfyda .Kkla YrSrh ;=< ìys lsrSug yelshdj
we;' fïjdys we;s W;=" YrSrfha we;=<; yd msg; W;=c cd wÜGul
—W;=˜
125 126
l,dm ìys lsrSug iu;a fõ' wdf,dalh hkq fï Ñ;a;c l,dmj, yd
W;=c l,dmj, j¾K rEmhkaf.a j¾Kj, m%Ndj;a njhs'
plaLqj iïnkaOfhka óg fmr fmkajQ mrsos W;= fyj;a
f;afcda Od;=fjka ksmojk ,o iEu W;=c wÜGul l,dmhlu -
lïuc f;afcda Od;=j" Ñ;a;c f;afcda Od;=j" W;=c f;afcda Od;=j
fyda wdydrc f;afcda Od;=j fyda fõjd - cdj mj;S'fï W;=c cdjg
wdydrc cdfõ iydh ,en rEm l,dm mrïmrd oyhla fyda fÞ<yla
ksmoúh yel' úiqoaê'u'àld 403 msgqj&
wdydrc wÜGul l,dm ;=< wka;¾.; jQ f;afcda Od;=j
^W;=& W;=c cd wÜGul l,dm fndfydajla ksmoùfuys ,d iu;a fõ'
nqosk ,o wdydrj,ska wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm ksmojk
ieá;a" plaLqj ;=< mj;akd f,i úysfok ieá;a óg fmr meyeos,s
lrk ,oS' uq,ska mej;s wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dmhl wdydrc
´cdjg" miqj ìys jQ wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmhl wdydrc cdfõ
iydh ,nd ÿka úg rEm l,dm fndfydajla fyda lsysmhla ìys l<
yel' fuh wdydrfha .=Kd;aul Ndjh yd mdpl wdfmda Od;=fõ
Yla;sh u; rÞ mj;S' fï wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dmj, f;afcda
Od;=j we;' th W;=h' óg w¿;a W;=c ´cd wÜGul l,dm
fndfydajla ksmoúh yel'
by; úia;r l< mrsos W;= fyda ´cd w¿;a l,dm ksmo jk
úg tajd ia:s;s wjia:djg <x jQ úg muKla tfia ksmojhs' rEm l,dm
ìyslsrSfï oS - mrïmrd folla" ;=kla" oyhla fyda fÞ<yla fyda fõjd
- wka;su mrïmrdj W;= fkdfyd;a ´cdfjka iukaú;h' Bg w¿;a
W;=c l,dm yd wdydrdc l,dm ksmoúh fkd yel'
l,dm ksmoùu ms<sn| fï úia;rh m%fõYfuka lshjd
f;areï .; hq;=h' fï iu. we;s rEm igykao n,kak' iqÿiq
.=rejrfhl= ,eîfuka yd l%udkql+,j m%.+K lsrSfuka Tn lïu"
Ñ;a;" W;= yd wdydr hk fya;= y;r u.ska ksmojk l,dm
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï ksmqKhl= jkafkysh' plaLq wdh;kh
iïnkaOfhka fmkajd ÿka mrsos ta wdldrhg wks;a wdh;k mfya
rEm;a" YrSrfha fldgia y;<sia fol;a ^fuh rEm igykaj,ska
wk;=rej meyeos,s flf¾& Tn iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h’
plaLqoajdr uQ,sl rEm j¾.
^oil l,dm j¾. 3 3«10}30& kjl l,dm 9& wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24& 63&
wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh'
¬ ¬ }
127
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=j
ri ^l%shdj&
plaLq oil l,dm
l¾u
m%ido ^Tmj;a&
j¾K oajdr
ldh oil l,dm
m%ido
l¾u
Ndj oil l,dm
m%ido fkdjQ
l¾u
,sx. ;Srl
12345678910
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
plal= m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ldh m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
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.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
Ndj rEm
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=
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mGú
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f;afcda
jdfhda
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ri
´cd
csúf;akaøsh
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
cSú; kjl l,dm
wmeyeos,s
l¾u
wÜGul l,dm
wmeyeos,s wmeyeos,s
Ñ;a; W;=
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
wdydr
wmeyeos,s
¬
iam¾Yoajdr^mGú$f;afcda$jdfhda
128
fida; oajdr uQ,sl rEm j¾.
^oil l,dm j¾. 3 3«10}30&¬ kjl l,dm 9&¬ wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24&}63&
wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh'
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=j
ri ^l%shdj&
fida; oil l,dm
l¾u
m%ido ^Tmj;a&
Yío oajdr
ldh oil l,dm
m%ido
l¾u
Ndj oil l,dm
m%ido fkdjQ
l¾u
,sx. ;Srl
12345678910
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
fida; m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ldh m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
rEm m%ido
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=
123456789
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
csúf;akaøsh
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
cSú; kjl l,dm
wmeyeos,s
l¾u
wÜGul l,dm
wmeyeos,s wmeyeos,s
Ñ;a; W;=
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
wdydr
wmeyeos,s
¬
iam¾Yoajdr^mGú$f;afcda$jdfhda
ðúyd oajdr uQ,sl rEm j¾.
^oil l,dm j¾. 3 3«10}30&¬ kjl l,dm 9&¬ wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24&}63&
wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh’
>dK oajdr uQ,sl rEm j¾.
^oil l,dm j¾. 3 3«10}30&¬ kjl l,dm 9&¬ wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24&}63&
wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh'
129
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=j
ri ^l%shdj&
>dK oil l,dm
l¾u
m%ido ^Tmj;a&
.kaO oajdr
ldh oil l,dm
m%ido
l¾u
Ndj oil l,dm
m%ido fkdjQ
l¾u
,sx. ;Srl
12345678910
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
>dK m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ldh m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
rEm m%ido
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=
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mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
csúf;akaøsh
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
cSú; kjl l,dm
wmeyeos,s
l¾u
wÜGul l,dm
wmeyeos,s wmeyeos,s
Ñ;a; W;=
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
wdydr
wmeyeos,s
¬
iam¾Yoajdr^mGú$f;afcda$jdfhda
130
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=j
ri ^l%shdj&
ðúyd oil l,dm
l¾u
m%ido ^Tmj;a&
ri oajdr
ldh oil l,dm
m%ido
l¾u
Ndj oil l,dm
m%ido fkdjQ
l¾u
,sx. ;Srl
12345678910
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ðúyd m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ldh m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
Ndj m%ido
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=
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mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
csúf;akaøSh
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
cSú; kjl l,dm
wmeyeos,
l¾u
wÜGul l,dm
wmeyeos,s wmeyeos,s
Ñ;a; W;=
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
wdydr
wmeyeos,s
¬
iam¾Yoajdr^mGú$f;afcda$jdfhda
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=
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mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
csúf;akaøsh
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
cSú; kjl l,dm
wmeyeos,s
l¾u
wÜGul l,dm
wmeyeos,s wmeyeos,s
Ñ;a; W;=
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
wdydr
wmeyeos,s
¬
wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh'
131
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=j
ri ^l%shdj&
ldh oil l,dm
m%ido
l¾u
Ndj oil l,dm
m%ido fkdjQ
l¾u
,sx. ;Srl
12345678910
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ldh m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
Ndj rEm
ldh oajdr uQ,sl rEm j¾.
^oil l,dm j¾. 2 ^2«10}20&¬ kjl l,dm ^9&¬ wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24&}53&
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=j
ri ^l%shdj&
plaLq oil l,dm
l¾u
m%ido ^Tmj;a&
j¾K oajdr
ldh oil l,dm
m%ido
l¾u
Ndj oil l,dm
m%ido fkdjQ
l¾u
,sx. ;Srl
12345678910
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
yoh rEm
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
ldh m%ido
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
cSú;
rEm m%ido
j¾.h
,laIK
fya;=
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mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
csúf;akaøsh
mGú
wdfmda
f;afcda
jdfhda
jKaK
.kaO
ri
´cd
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
cSú; kjl l,dm
wmeyeos,s
l¾u
wÜGul l,dm
wmeyeos,s wmeyeos,s
Ñ;a; W;=
mGúwdfmdaf;afcdajdfhdajKaK.kaOri´cd
wdydr
wmeyeos,s
¬
yohj;a:q oajdr uq,sl rEm j¾.
^oil l,dm j¾. 3 ^3«10}30&¬ kjl l,dm ^9&¬ wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24&}63&
wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh'
132
iam¾Yoajdr^mGú$f;afcda$jdfhda
iam¾Yoajdr^mGú$f;afcda$jdfhda
lfha fldgia 42 u.ska Od;= i;r ms<sn|j Ndjkd jeãfï iúia;r
l%uh
lfha mGú Od;=j m%n,j we;s Od;= fldgia úiails'
1' ysi flia - flaid 6' uia - uxix
2' frdau - f,daud 7' kyr - kydre
3' ksh - kLd 8' weg - wÜGs
4' o;a - oka;d 9' weg ñÿ,q - wÜGsñ[acx
5' yu - ;fpd 10' jl=.vqj - jlalx
11' yo - yohx 16' w;=Kq - wka;x
12' wlaudj - hlkx 17' w;=Kq nyka - wka;.=Kx
13' o<nqj - lsf,daulx 18' fkdosrE wyr - WorShx
14' nvosj - msylx 19' osrE wyr - lrSix
15' fmky,a, - mmaMdix 20' fud<h - u;a:,qx.x
fï fldgia úiafika 'Worshx' yd 'lrSix' yer wka ish,q fldgia ldh
oajdrh ms<sn|j jQ rEm igyfka olajd we;s wdldrhg rEm 44 lska
iukaú; h' Woßhx yd lrSix fldgia fol rEm wglska muKla
iukaú; jk w;r W;=c wÜGul l,dmj,ska muKla iEfoa'
wdfmda Od;=j m%n,j we;s YrSr fldgia fÞ<yls'
1' ms; - ms;a;x 7' l÷,q - wiaiq 16&
2' fiu - fiïyx 8' jqreKq f;, - jid
3' ierj - mqífnda 8& 9' fl< - fÄf,da 16&
4' f,a -f,days;x 10' fidgq - isx>dKsld 16&
5' oyäh - fiafÞ 16& 11' i| ñÿ,q - ,isld
6' fïo - fïfÞ 12' uq;% - uq;a;x 8&
fïjdhska ierj" oyäh" l÷,q" fl<" fidgq yd uq;% hk tajd
yereKq úg wka fldgiaj, ldhoajdr j.=fõ oelafjk mrsos rEm 44
la fõ' ierj yd uq;%j, rEm wgla muKs" fïjd W;=c wÜGul
l,dmh' oyäh" l÷,q" fl< yd fidgqj, rEm 16 ls' tajd Ñ;a;c
wÜGul l,dm yd W;=c l,dm hs' tajd tlaflda Ñ;a;fhka
ke;fyd;a W;=fhka ksmfha'
lfha tla tla fldgil rEm ne,Sug;a iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug;a" m<uqj l%udkql+,j iudêh jvkak' by; j.=j, olajd
we;s mrsos wdh;k ifhys rEm l,dm úNd. lr n,kak' fufia
lsrSug Tn iu;a jQ miq" Tn fufkys lsrSug leu;s YrSr fldgila
iïu¾Ykh lrkak' th iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jQ l,ays tys
Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tu fldgi m%ido iajrEmhla yeáhg
ÿgq úg tys wjldYh úuid n,kak' tu YrSr fldgi ks¾udKh jk
l,dm myiqfjka olafkysh' boska Tnf.a Ndjkdj Yla;su;a kï
lsishï YrSr fldgil Od;= i;r úu¾Ykh lr;au rEm l,dm
myiqfjka olskafkysh' rEm l,dm ÿgq úg tajd úNd. lr n,kak'
tys úúO l,dm iïu¾Ykh lrkak' ØKfhka hq;=j" l¾ufhka"
Ñ;a;fhkaa" >D;=fjka yd wdydrfhka ksmka rEm fjka fldg tajd
we;a; jYfhkau mj;akd wdldrhg iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
frdau yd flaYj, l,dm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfïoS iu we;=<;
msysá frdaul+mj,g wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' m<uqj tys j¾. 44 rEm
úuikak' ula ksido h;a ifuka msg; frdauj,$ fliaj, ldh oil
l,dm w;sYhskau l=vd m%udKhla we;s fyhsks' tajd iïu¾Ykh
lsrSu fndfyda ÿIalrh' tA yd iudk wdldrhg weÕs,s ksh yd md ksh
iïnkaOfhkao tajdfha udxYj,g wdikak fldgiaj,g jeä
wjOdkhla fhduq lrkak'
lfha f;afcdaj m%n,j we;s fldgia y;rla fõ' fïjdg wms
ixrpl (component) hs lshuq&
1' ika;dmk f;afcda - isrer WKqiqïj ;nk f;afcdaj
2 cSrK f;afcda-mrsK; njg yd jhig m;a lrjk
f;afcdaj
3' mßoyk f;afcda - WK .kajk f;afcdaj
4' mdpl f;afcda - wdydr osrjk f;afcdaj ^cSú; kjl
133 134
135 136
l,dm l%uhls&
lfha fï ixrpl y;r" mGú fyda wdfmda m%n, j we;s fldgiaj,
fuka yevhla fyda igykla ke;' tajd wmeyeos,s rEm l,dm muKs'
tajdys f;afcda m%n,h' tneúka lfha fï fldgia ne,Su msKsi
f;afcda Od;=j W;aikakj we;s l,dm úuid ne,sh hq;=h' boska fïjd
meyeos,s ke;akï Tn WK .;a úg fï .ek fufkys l< hq;=h'
jdfhda Od;=j W;aikak fldgia yhls'
1' WoaOx.u jd;d- by<g .uka lrk jd;h
2' wfOda.u jd;d - my<g .uka lrk jd;h
3' l=ÉPsih jd;d - nvjef,ka msg; há nfvys msysá jd;h
4' fldÜGih jd;d - nvje,a ;=< we;s jd;h
5' wx.ux.dkqidrsfkd jd;d - YrSrdjhjhkays me;srS hk
jd;h
6' wiaidimiaidi jd;d - wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h
wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h yer wka ish,af,ys iEu tllu rEm
33 ne.ska fõ' tajd l,dm j¾. y;rlska ks¾ñ; fõ'
1' cSú; kjl l,dm - cSú; kj jekak fldg we;s rEm 9 ls&
2' Ñ;a;c wÜGul l,dm - Ñ;a;fhka ksmka ´cdj wg jekak
fldg we;s rEm 8 ls&
3' W;=c wÜGul l,dm - W;=fjka ksmka cdj wg jekak fldg
we;s rEm 8 ls&
4' wdydrc wÜGul l,dm - wdydrfhka ksmka cdj wg jekak
fldg we;s rEm 8 ls&
wg jekak fldg we;s ^rEm 8 ls& wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h
Ñ;a;c ioao kjl l,dm is;ska ksmka" Yíoh kj jekak fldg we;s
l,dm& hs y÷kajkq ,nkafkys rEm kjhla muKla wvx.= fõ' fï
l,dmj, mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO" ri" ´cd yd
Yío wvx.= fõ'
wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h Ñ;a;fhka yg .efka' fuh oelaùu
msKsi yoh mokï fldg .;a rEmj,ska wdOdr lrkq ,enQ Njx.
ufkda m%ido Od;=fõ mj;akd ú[aØKh úiska ksmojkq ,efí hhs
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' tys fï yqiau ksmojkq ÿgq l,ays Tn tys Od;=
i;r iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' th ks¾ñ;j we;s l,dm Tng fmfkkq
we;' fï tla tla l,dmhl Yíoh we;=<;a rEm kjhla Tn olskq
we;' th olsk f;la m%.=K lrkak'
b;srs j¾. my iïu¾Ykh lsrSu i|yd tla tla jd;
j¾.hla iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;sj tl tll Od;= i;r
iïu¾Ykh lrkak' túg rEm l,dm Tng fmfkkq we;' tajd ;=<
rEm 33 g oelSu msKsi fuh h<s;a úNd. lr ne,sh hq;=h'
l¾ufhka ksmka rEm l,dm j¾. kjh
wdh;k ifhys yd YrSrfhys fldgia y;<sia foflys rEm
n,k l,ays l¾ufhka rEm l,dm j¾. kjhla ksmojk neõ Tng
fmfkkq we;'
1' plaLq oil wei&
2' fida; oil lK&
3' >dK oil kdih&
4' csõyd oil osj&
5' ldh oil isrer&
6' b;a:sNdj oil ia;%S&
7' mqreINdj oil mqreI&
8' yohj;a:q oil yoj;&
9' cSú; kjl cSú;h&
j¾;udkfha fï l¾uc rEm miq .sh Njfha lrk ,o l¾u
fya;=fjka yg .kS' miq .sh Njfha l¾uc rEm Bg fmr Njfha lrk
,o l¾uhlska yg .ekaúKs' u;= Njhl cSú;fha l¾uc rEm
137 138
j¾;udk NjfhaoS fyda fmr NjhloS lrk ,o l¾uhla úiska
yg.kajkq ,efí' ljr l¾uhl - Þk" YS," Ndjkd wdoS ljrl -
m%;sM,o hkak oek .ekSu msKsi w;S; yd wkd.; kdu rEm
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tn iu;a ùu wjYHh' túgh" fuh Tngu
w;aoelSug yels jkqfha' fuh mÉph mrs.a.y ØKfhka miqj
meñfKa' ±kg fï wjia:dfõoS fï rEm l¾ufhka yg .kakd ,o hhs
;djld,slj ms<s.; hq;=h'
l¾ufhka" Ñ;a;fhka" f;afcdafjka fyda ´cdfjka ksmka
by; i|yka rEm - fïjd i;H rEmh - úmiaikd ØKfhka wks;H"
ÿlaL" wkd;au jYfhka miqj fufkys lrkq ,efí' ukiska"
f;afcdafjka yd ´cdfjka ksmka rEm;a iu. ñY% jQ i;H fkd jq
rEmo we;af;ah' tajd my; meyeos,s flf¾'
Ñ;a;fhka ksmka rEm l,dm j¾. wg
1' Ñ;a;c Y=oaOdIaGl l,dm - Ñ;a;fhka ksmka" ´cdj wg jekak
fldg .;a ir, l,dm¦ fuh i<dh;kfhys;a lfha fldgia 42 ka
fndfyduhl;a olakg ,efí' i;H rEmhls' úmiaikdj m%.=K
lsrSï jia wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ .; yel'
2' ldh ú[a[;a;s kjl l,dm - ldh ú[a[;a;sh YrSrfhka flfrk
l%shd weÕùu" bÕsh& kj jk fldgi yeáhg we;s l,dmh' ufkdA
m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lr Tnf.a weÕs,s miq mig;a bosrshg;a
fid<jkak' is;ska ksmo jQ fndfyda rEm l,dm Tng oelsh yel'
úNd. l< úg tys rEm wgla wvx.=h' ldh ú[a[;a;sh tl;= l<
úg th kjhla fõ'
3' ,yq;d taldoi l,dm - fldgia tfld<ylska hq;a l,dmhls' uQ,sl
fldgia wg ^Y=oaOdIaGlh& iy ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d
^ieye,a,q nj" uDÿ nj yd l¾uKH;dj&
4' ldh ú[a[;a;s ,yq;dos oajdoil l,dm - fldgia fÞ<ylska hq;a
l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh" ldh ú[a[;a;s" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd
lïu[a[;d
5' jÖ ú[a[;a;s oil l,dm - rEm oyhla wvx.= l,dmhls'
Y=oaOdIaGlh" jÖ ú[a[;a;s jpkfhka flfrk bÕsh& yd Yíoh'
ABC hk wl=re ;=k y`v k.d WÉpdrKh lrkak' oeka ufkda
m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lrkak' bka miqj h<s;a ABC wl=re
WÉpdrKh lrkak' Ñ;a;fhka ksmka rEm Yíoh Wmojk W.=rg"
iajr rcacqj,g yd wksl=;a ;ekaj,g me;sfrk whqre n,kak'
Ñ;a;c l,dmfha mj;akd mGú Od;=j lïuc rEm l,dmj, mGú
Od;=fõ .efgk ieá;a ^fuys Yíoh ksmojhs& ioao ú[a[;a;sh
iïnkaO jk ieá;a n,kak'
6' jÖ ú[a[;a;s ioao ,yq;dos f;ril l,dm - fldgia 13 lska hqla;
l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh" jÖ ú[a[;a;s" Yío" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd
lïu[a[;d
7' wiaidimiaidi Ñ;a;c kjl l,dm ( fldgia kjhlska hqla;j
Ñ;a;fhka ksmka l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh yd Yíoh' fuh i;H
rEmhls' úmiaikd Ndjkdjg wruqKla yeáhg fhda.Hh'
8' wiaidi miaidi Ñ;a;c ioao ,yq;dos oajdoil l,dm - fldgia
fÞ<ylska hqla;j Ñ;a;fhka ksmka l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh"
Yíoh" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d
igyk 7 yd 8 ys Yíoh hkq yqiau /,af,a Yíohhs' i;H rEm iu. ñY%
jQ i;H fkd jQ rEm wvx.= l,dm kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh lrk
wjia:dfõ iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' úmiaikd w;r;=r ;%s,laIKh fhdod
.efkk wjia:dfõ tajd ukisldr fkd l< hq;=h'
>D;=fjka ksmka rEm l,dm j¾. i;r
1' W;=c iqoaOdÜGl l,dm ( fldgia wg wvx.= >D;=fjka ksmka
l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh' fuh i;H rEmhls'
2' W;=c ioao kjl l,dm ( wx. kjhla wvx.= >D;=fjka ksmka
139 140
l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh yd Yíoh' fuh o i;H rEmhls'
3' ,yq;d taldoi l,dm - ,yq;d tfldf<dia jeks fldgi jQ
l,dmh - Y=oaOdIaGlh" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d' fuh
i;H rEmhla fkd fõ'
4' ioao ,yq;dos oajdoil l,dm - fldgia fÞ<ylska iukaú;
l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh" Yíoh" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d'
fuh i;H rEmhla fkd fõ'
fïjdhska m<uq jekak i<dh;kfhys;a fldgia 42 ka
fndfyduhl;aa olakg ,efí' fojekak l=fiys yg.kakd Yíoh;a
fjk;a tjeks Yío;a iïnkaO jQjls' fï uq,a l,dm fol wNHka;r
yd ndysr jYfhka oelsh yel' ;=ka jk yd y;r jk tajdg tys ñY%
jqKq i;H rEm ke;' úmiaikd ukisldrhg wdrïuK fkd fõ' kdu
rEm iïu¾Ykh lrk wjia:dfõ m%.=K lrk úg iïu¾Ykh l<
hq;=h' wjika fol ksiai;a;aj wruqKqj, ndysr jYfhka oelsh yels
fkd fõ' cSj;a jk i;a;ajhkaf.a wNHka;rj yd ndysrj olakg
,efí'
´cdfjka ksmka rEm l,dm foj¾.h
1' wdydrc Y=oaOdIaGl l,dm - wdydrfhka ksmka ´cdj wgjekak
fldg we;s l,dmhls'
2' ,yq;dfoldoil l,dm - wdydrfhka ksmka ,yq;d tfldf<dia
jeks fldgi yeáhg we;s l,dmhls' tys Y=oaOdIaGlh" ,yq;d"
uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d wvx.=h'
fï l,dm folska m<uq jekak >k rEmj,ska iukaú;h'
tys wdh;k ifhys u yd lfha fldgia 42 ka fndfyduhlo olakg
,efí' úmiaikd Ndjkdjg fhda.Hh' fojekak wdh;k ifhysu yd
lfhys fldgia 42 ka fndfyduhlo olakg ,efí' fï l,dmh i;H
rEm jQ fldgia wglska yd i;H fkd jQ fldgia ;=klska ^,yq;d"
uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d& iukaú;h' i;H rEm jQ fldgia wg
úmiaikd Ndjkdjg fhda.H jk w;r i;H fkd jQ rEm fldgia ;=k
úmiaikd Ndjkdjg fhda.H fkd fõ' fï l,dm folu ;ukaf.a
wNHka;rfha;a" wfkla cSùkaf.a ndysr j;a msysgd we;'
Yío j¾. ;=k
1' wiaidimiaidi Ñ;a;c ioao kjl l,dm - wdYajdi m%Yajdifha
Yíoh
2' jÖ m[a[;a;s oil l,dm - l;d ny y`v
3' W;= ioao kjl l,dm - l=i ;=< jQ Yío iq<fÕa Yío wdosh
fïjdhska m<uq yd fojeks Yío cSj;ajk i;=ka ;=< muKla
oelsh yel' f;jekak ^W;= ioao kjl l,dm& mK we;s yd ke;s
foj¾.fha u olakg ,efí' ;=ka jekafka uq,a fofla Yío yer wka
ish,q Yío wka;¾.;h' jÖ ú[a[;a;s oil l,dmj, mj;akd jÖ
ú[a[;a;s rEm i;H rEm fkd fõ' tfyhska th úmiaikd
ukisldrhg fhda.H fkd fõ' tfy;a l,dmfha we;s wfkla rEm
i;H tajdh' tfyhska úmiaikd ukisldrhg tajd fhda.H h'
wiaidimiaidi Ñ;a;c ioao kjl l,dmj, yd W;=c ioao kjl
l,dmj, we;s ish,q rEm úmiaikd ukisldrhg fhda.H fõ'
,laIK rEm i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu
ms<sis| .kakd wjia:dfõ yd l=i ;=< .en jefvk
wjia:dfõ we;s rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jQ l,ays muKla
Wmph ^rEm jeãu& iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tn iu;a jkafkysh'
ika;;s" cr;d yd wksÉp;d iïnkaOfhka jQ l,S tajd yqfola
wdh;k ifhys fyda YrSrfhys fldgia 42 ys i;H rEmj, W;am;a;s"
ia:s;s yd Nx.h' m<uqj ;ks rEm l,dmhla iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tys
wx. 8" 9 fyda 10 wvx.= oehs úNd. lr n,kak' blaì;s l,dmhl
mj;akd ish,q i;H rEmj, W;am;a;s" ia:s;s" Nx. ne,Sug W;aidy
lrkak' wk;=rej wdh;k ifhys yd lfhys fldgia 42 ys ish,q
i;H rEmj, W;am;a;s" ia:s;s yd Nx. tl úg iïu¾Ykh lrkak'
rEm l,dm ish,a, tl úg Wmoskafka fkd fõ¦ ia:s;s fkd fõ¦ Nx.
fkd fõ¦ wjêj, fkd fõ’
141 142
rEm yeáhg ukisldr lsrSu msKsi ld,h
m<uqj wdh;kh ifhys tl tll we;s i;H rEm 54 fyda 44
fjka fjkaj iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;sj ta tl tll i;H fkd jQ
rEm o Tng yels ;dla iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wk;=rej tla
wdh;khl ish,q rEmj, úmrskduh ksid jk fm<Su u.ska jk
,laIKj,g wkql+,j ish,a, tlúg iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tla tla
wdh;khl ish,q rEm f.k tajd —rEm˜ fyda fïjd rEm fyda
—fïjd rEm O¾u˜ hkqfjka tl úg ukisldr lrkak' lfhys
fldgia 42 ys tl tlla iïnkaOfhkao fuf,iu l< yel'
úmrskduh ksid jk fm<Sï ,laIK
ñka woyia flfrkqfha rEmh WKqiqfuka YS;g" ;o
.;sfhka fudf<dla njg" f.dfrdaiq núka isks÷ njg laIKsl f,i
fjkia ùuhs' tfy;a tajdys iajdNdúl ,laIK jQ ;o .;sh" je.sfrk
.;sh" WIaKh yd wdOdr ùu fjkia fkd fõ' lfhys rEm ;=<
WIaKh ^f;afcda& wêl fõ.hlska WKqiqï jQ úg oersh fkd yels
uÜgulg WIaK;ajh k.S' th YS;, jQ úg YS;, oersh fkd yels
uÜgulg meñfKa' fï wkqj tajd wLKavj wNHka;r j yd ndysrj
tlsfklg mSvd lrk fyhska l,dmhl rEmj, fõ.hkays ksrka;r
fjkiaùï ;sfí'
idrdxYh
1' rEm l,dm oelSug m%:u mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda yd jdfhda Od;=
y;r oelSu u.ska Wmpdr iudêh olajd iudêh jvkak'
2' rEm l,dm oelSug Tng yels úg tla tla l,dmhl ish,q rEm -
WÞyrK jYfhka mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO"
ri" ´cd" csõyd" plaLqmamido Od;= - oelSu mssKsi tajd úNd.
lrkak'
3' blaì;sj iïu¾Ykh lrkak ( ;ks wdh;khl ^bkaøsh
oajdrhl& ish,q rEm¦ lfhaa tla ;ks fldgil ish,q rEm¦ wdh;k
ifha ish,q rEm¦ lfha fldgia 42 ysu ish,q rEm¦ ta ish,af,au
—rEm˜ — ˜
fjkiaùï ,laIKh we;s neõ oel tajd —rEm˜ fyda
—rEm O¾u˜ —rEm O¾u˜ fyda —fï rEmhls˜ —fï rEmhls˜ hs
isyshg .kak'
úiqoaê 7 ØK 16
7' ØK oiaik úiqoaê 16' mÉpfplaLK ØK
15' M, ØK
14' u.a. ØK
13' f.da;%N+ ØK
12' wkqf,dau ØK
13' ixLdrefmlaLd ØK
10' máixLd ØK
6' mámÞØKoiaik úiqoaê 9' uqÉÑ;=luH;d ØK
8' ksíìod ØK
7' wdoSkj ØK
6' Nh ØK
5' Nx. ØK
5' u.a.du.a. ØKoiaik úiqoaê 4' Wohính ØK
3' iïuik ØK
4' lxLd ú;rK úiqoaê 2' mÉphmrs.a.y ØK
3' osÜGs úiqoaê 1' kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØK
2' Ñ;a; úiqoaê } Wmpdr fyda wmamKd iudê
1' iS, úiqoaê }5" 8" 10 fyda 227 YS,
rEm lïuÜGdk ms<sn| ffioaOdka;sl meyeos,s lsrSu
úmiaikd Ndjkd lrkafkl= úiska ukisldr l< hq;= O¾u
—uyfKks" ish,a, ukdj fkd oksñka" ish,a, ukdj fkd
olsñka ^wjfndaO fkd lr .ksñka&" úrd. fkd lrñka"
w;afkdyrsñka flfkl=g ÿla fl<jr l< fkd yel’
uyfKks" ish,a, ukdj okssñka" ukdj olsñka" úrd.
fjñka" w;a yrsñka flfkl=g ÿla fl<jr l< yel˜'
—rEm˜
143 144
d—i nx Nls La f wk ck wm cs d x wúrdchx wm k í j Ns r k c xx.N nn C CLh . n L L cs d x r dkw f d ÿ L dh … i p f d Nls a j w m cs nx N k x
h h; n j..";k ix q a " i n a d ;r fnnú dchx mcyx N d ÿCLCLhdh˜ ^i<
umG wmrcdkk i;q ;a &s
fï iQ;%hg wh;a wgqjdj" fuys m%ldY lrkqfha mrs[aØ
^mQ¾K wjfndaO& ;=k u .ek hhs ;j ÿrg;a meyeos,s lrhs' tys
fufia oelafõ'
is s—b; bu ñ i ; ia m mrs[\ l:s;d fydka;s' ;afqs ia ;x
y pf r[sN dkk; j kk ;w l:s;d" mrscdkka;s jpfkk s c ss ØØ m;rS Km [s chx m y où myd [s ;s;ad" k y r ˜Øcr Ø ú s s Kmr
fuys f;areu kï ( —ukdj oksñka˜ hkq Ø;mrs[aØ h"
—ukdj olsñka˜ hkq ;SrK mrs[aØ h' wjika fol jq —úrd.fhka˜
—w;a yrsñka˜ hkq m%ydK mrs[aØ h' mQ¾K wjfndaOh —okakd ,o˜¡
mrSCId lrñka" w; yrsñka¡ yeáhg&'
tfyhska fï mrs[aØ ;=fka wdOdrfhka m[ap ialkaO
;DIaKdfõ ish¨ kdu rEm iyuq,ska wjfndaO fldg .ekSfuka
muKla rEm yd kdu flf¾ we;s we,au yd ;DIaKdj neyer ,Sug;a"
ÿl fl<jr lsrSug;a flfkla iu;a fj;a' ;jo úiqoaê ud¾.
àldfõ fufia olajhs' —;x ys wkjfiif;d mrsf[a[hHx
tlixf;d úrdcs;ínx˜ úiq'àld 2" 358 msgqj&'
fuys f;areu kï úmiaikd ØKfha wruqK jQ
m[apialkaO ;DIaKdj jH;ssf¾lhla fkdue;s j" ksrjfYaIfhka"
m%:ufhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' bkamiqj ta rEm yd kdu ms<sn|
we,au yd ;DIaKdj W.=,qjd oeóu msKsi úmiaikd Ndjkdjg wruqK
jk ;%s,laIKh ta ish,q kdu rEmj,g fhdÞ .kakd f,i àldj
Wmfoia fohs’
fï .%ka:hkag wkqj ;DIaKd ialkaO m[aplh ilik rEm
kdu ish,a, ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fhda.djprhd m<uqj
iu;a úh hq;=h'
tfia lsrSfïoS(
ish,q rEm ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh
hs y÷kajkq ,efí' ish,q kdu ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh
kdu mrsÉfPao ØKh hs' rEm yd kdu fjkia .K folla yeáhg
iïu¾Ykh lrkØKh kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh hs'
fï ØK ;=k" rEm mrs.a.y ØK" wrEm mrs.a.y ØK yd
kdu rEm mrs.a.y ØK hkqfjka fjk;a kï ;%s;ajhlska o y÷kajkq
,efí' ;j o fuu wjia:dfõ oS" —mqoa.,fhl= ke;" i;a;ajfhl=
ke;" wd;auhla o ke;" yqfola kdu rEm muKla we;˜ hkqfjka
olakd kqjK kdu rEm jj;a:dk ØK hs y÷kajkq ,efí'
rEm yd kdu ish,a, iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy ork
mqreIfhl= OHdkhg meñK fkdue;af;a kï OHdkhg iïnkaO
tajd w;ay< hq;=h' boska Tyq OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug iu;a kï" Tyq ,nd
.;a ljr fyda OHdkhlg iïnkaO rEm yd kdu úmiaikd
ØKfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h" ukisldr l< hq;=h'
fojkqj" ta rEm yd kduj,g fya;= ;;a;ajdldrfhka
ksjerosj o; hq;=h' fï ØKh mÉphmrs.a.y ØKh hs'
fï ØK fol - kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh yd mÉph
mrs.a.y ØKh - úmiaikd ØKhg wruqKq jk O¾u meyeos,sj"
úYoj yd ksis f,i okakd fyhska" fï fol —Ø; mrs[aؘ hs lshkq
,efí'
f;jkqj" ish,q rEmhkaf.a yd kduhkaf.a wks;H" ÿ#L yd
wkd;au neõ yd tajdg fya;= meyeos,sj o; hq;=h' iïuik ØKfha
isg úo¾Ykd wjia:d ;=< - fuh úmiaikdj iïmdokh lrhs - fï
rEm yd kdu iy tajdfha fya;=" ta tl tll ;%s,laIKh o olsñka
ukisldr lrkq ,efí'
fï úmiaikd ØKj,ska iïuik ØK yd WojHh ØK
145 146
hk fol - fïjdfha l¾;jH jkafka rEmhkaf.a yd kduhkaf.a
wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au ,laIK;a" tajdfha fya;=;aa úNd. lsrSu yd
iïu¾Ykh lsrSu hs - ;SrK m[aØ hs y÷kajkq ,efí'
Nx. ØKfha isg by<g b;srs úmiaikd ØKj, oS ta
O¾uj, wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au ,laIK iu. ish,q rEm" kdu yd
tajdys fya;= M, Nx.h muKla olakg ,efí' tu wjia:dj, oS neyer
l< hq;= kSjrK ;djld,slj neyer lrkq ,nk neúka" fï ØK
'mydK mrs[aØ' kï fõ'
wrshu.a. ØKh" ish,q rEm kdu kï jQ ÿ#L i;Hh" fï rEm
yd kduhkaf.a fya;= kï jQ iuqoh i;Hh" wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au
kï jQ ÿ#L i;Hfha yd iuqoh i;Hfha iajNdjh jgyd .ekSug fkd
yels jk ;rug is; w÷re lrjk yd wjfndaO lr .ekSu j<lajd
,k wúoHdj fyj;a fudayh ksrjfYaIfhkau yd iyuq,skau neyer
lrhs' wrsh u.a. ld¾hh - fï O¾uhka oek .ekSfï ld¾hh" fï
O¾u wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au jYfhka úNd. lsrSfï ld¾hh -
iïmQ¾K lsrsug we;s Yla;sh ksid fïjdg Ø; mrs[aØ yd ;SrK
mrs[aØ hk ku ,eî we;' kSjrKhka ksrjfYaIfhka m%ydK lrk
fyhska tajd o mydk mrs[aØ hs y÷kajkq ,efí'
fhda.djprhd fï m%× ;=k jeãu u.ska ;DIaKd mCoap
ialkaOh ks¾udKh lrk rEm yd kdu ish,a, ms<sn| mQ¾K
wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug W;aidy l< hq;=h' fï fya;=j ksid
fhda.djprhd m<uqj rEm yd kdu o; hq;=h¦ W.; hq;=h¦ lg mdvï
lr .; hq;=h'
my; oelafjkafka rEm ms<sn| meyeos,s lsrSuls'
rEm 28
uyd N=; i;r
mGú Od;=j
.re mGú .Kh ,yq mGú .Kh
1' ;o 2' fudf,dla
3' r¿ 4' isks÷
5' nr 6' ieye,a,q
wdfmda Od;=j
1' je.sfrk 2' wef,k
f;afcda Od;=j
1' WIaK 2' YS;
jdfhda Od;=j
1' wdOdrl 2' ;,a,q lrk
m%ido rEm ke;fyd;a m[ap m%ido Od;= ^—ixfõoS rEm˜ hs o
lshkq ,efí&
1' plaLqmamido - wefia m%ido rEm Tmh&
2' fida; mido - lfka m%ido rEm
3' >dK mido - kdifha m%ido rEm
4' csõyd mido - csõydfõ m%ido rEm
5' ldh mido - lfha m%ido rEm ^uq¿ isrer mqrd
me;sr mj;S&
f.dapr rEm } lafIa;% - úIh - rEm fyj;a wdrïuK rEm y;
1' rEm }oelau} j¾K
2' ioao} Yíoh
3' .kaO} .| iqj|
4' ri} ri
5' fMdÜGín} iam¾Y 5' mGú Od;=j
6' f;afcda Od;=j
7' jdfhda Od;=j
147 148
mGú" f;afcda yd jdfhda Od;= tlaj iam¾Y wdrïuK ilihs'
boska tajd lafIa;% fyda wdrïuK úIh yeáhg fjka fjkaj .Kkh
lrkafka kï wdrïuK úIh ke;fyd;a rEm lafIa;% y;la fõ' rEm
28 .Kka lsrSfïoS iam¾Yh fMdÜGín& w;a yrskq ,efí' ula ksid o
h;a mGú" f;afcda" jdfhda hk ;=k i;r uyd N+;hka ;=< fjk
fjku .Kkh lr we;s fyhsks'
Ndj rEm - ,sx. jYfhka jQ rEm¦ foj¾.hls'
1' b;a:sNdj rEm - ia;%shl njg meñKùfï rEm
2' mqrsiNdj rEm - mqreIhl= njg meñKùfï rEm
mqoa.,fhl= ;=< fï rEm foj¾.fhka tla j¾.hla muKla mj;S'
tkï ia;%sh ;=< we;af;a ia;%sh ùug fya;= ldrl jk rEm muKs'
mqreIfhl= ;=< we;af;a mqreIfhl= ùug fya;= ldrl jk rEm
muKls' Ndj rEm uq¿ YrSrh mqrd olakg ,efí'
yoh rEm - yojf;a rEm
yoh j;a:q rEm } yDoh wdh;kh" ufkda Od;=j ke;fyd;a ufkda
ú[aØK Od;=j /|S mj;akd rEmh'
yoh rEmh yoh oil l,dm yeáhg olakg ,efí' tajd yDoh
fldaIh ;=< reêrfha úisr mj;S' ufkda Od;=j ke;fyd;a ufkda
ú[aØK Od;=j /|S mj;akd ;ek fyhska th yoh wdh;kh hs
lshkq ,efí'
cSú; rEm - cSú; n,h
1' cSú;skaøsh - fuu rEmh uq¿ YrSrh mqrd mj;S' l¾ufhka ksmka
rEmj, lïuc rEm& cSú;h fkd kid mj;ajhs'
wdydr rEm
1' ln,sxldr wdydr - wdydrfha mj;akd fmdaIl idrh ´cd& h'
´cd rEmh ish,q rEm l,dmj, - lïu" Ñ;a; fyda W;= u.ska
ksmka l,dmj, mjd - mj;S' t;kaysoS tajd ms<sfj,ska lïuc ´cd"
Ñ;a;c cd yd W;=c cd hs ye|skafõ' fuu igykaj, fhda.djprhd
;=< wjq,la we;s fkd jkq msKsi nqosk ,o wdydrfhka ksmka ´cd
wÜGul rEm l,dmj, wvx.= cdj muKla —wdydrc cd˜ jYfhka
y÷kajkq ,nk neõ u;l ;nd .; hq;=h' ke;fyd;a jvd;a ksYaÑ;
jkq msKsi" hful= w¿;a wdydr .kakd ,o úg yd ;ju;a l=i ;=<
we;s úg - Wrd f.k YrSrh mqrd fuf;la fnÞyer fkdue;s cdj -
W;=c cdhs y÷kajkq ,efí¡
cSú; kjl l,dmj, mrsmdpl f;afcda Od;=fõ iydh we;sj
w¿;a wdydr meijkq ,efí' fuh ´cd wÜGul rEm l,dmj, kj
iemhqula ksmo fõ' fï rEm wdydrc wÜGul rEm hhs lshkq ,efí'
fï wdydrc ´cd wÜGul rEm l,dmj, ´cdj wdydrc ´cdhs
y÷kajkq ,efí'
rEm O¾uj, by; i|yka j¾. 18 iNdj rEm ^iajNdúl
rEm& hs y÷kajkq ,efí' tajd tl tlla ;o .;sh wdoS iajdNdúl
,laIK i;= fyhsks' 1&
fï rEm j¾. 18 i,laLK rEm ^fmdÿ ,CIK rEm& hs o
ye|ska fõ' ish,q rEm yd kdu fmdÿ ,CIK iys; neúks' tkï (
wks;Hh" yg.efkk ìf|k fyhsks¦ ÿ#Lh - yg .ekafuka yd
ì|Sfuka fm<k fyhsks¦ wkd;auh - tajd lsishï ks;H" ia:djr
idrhla wd;auhla fyda iaùh;ajhla iys; fkd jk neúks' 2&
fï rEm j¾. 18 l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;= yd cd fya;= yeáhg f.k
yg .kakd fyhska tajd ksmaMka; rEm ^ksmo jQ rEm& hkqfjkao
y÷kajkq ,efí' 3&
fï rEm j¾. 18 ksrka;rfhka wia:sr fukau" nvje,a ;=<
WIaKfha isg YS;,g" ;o nfõ isg fudf<dla njg fjkia jk
fyhska tajd rEm rEm ^h:d N+; fyj;a i;H rEm& yeáhg y÷kajkq
,efí' 4&
fï rEm j¾. 18 wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au hk ;%s,laIKh Ndú;
lsrsug fhda.H neúka yd úmiaikd Ndjkdjg WÑ; wruqKq neúka
tajd iïuik rEm ^iïu¾Ykh i|yd fhda.H rEm& hs o y÷kajkq
,efí' 5&
149 150
my; olajkq ,nk b;srs rEm j¾. 10 by; oelajqKq j¾. 18
fuka fkd fõ'
tajd (
1' wiNdj rEm - iajdNdúl ,laIKj,ska f;dr rEm
2' w,laLK rEm - ;%s,laIKh rys; rEm
3' wksmaMka; rEm - ksmojkq fkd ,enQ rEm
4' wrEm rEm - h:dN+; fkd jQ rEm
5' wiïuik rEm - úmiaid Ndjkdjg fkdiqÿiq rEm
mrsÉfPao rEm - iSud fjka flfrk rEm
1' wdldi Od;= - wjldY Od;=
tla tla rEm wKqjla f,aYhla& ;fjlla iu. ñY%ùfuka j<lajk"
rEm f,aYhla fjka fjka f,i iSud fjka lr oelaùug iu;a nj
we;s lrjk" rEm l,dm w;r wjldYh kï jQ rEm —mrsÉfPao rEm˜
kï fõ'
ú[a[;s rEm - weÕùfï bÕs oelaùfï& rEm¦ tajd foj¾.hls(
1' ldh ú[a[;a;s - YdrSrsl weÕùï
YrSrfha l%shd fyda p,k¦ fuh ikaksfõoh we;s lrjhs'
^ldhsl NdIdj&
2' jÖ ú[a[;a;s - jdÑl weÕùu¦ l:k l%shdj' fuh
ikaksfõokh we;s lrjhs'
flfkl=f.a is;=ú,s fyda wNs,dIhka ;j;a flfkl=g oek
.ekaug ie,eiaùu ú[a[;a;s rEmh' ldh ú[a[;a;s hkq bx.s;hla
u.ska <Õg tk f,i ix×jla jeks ldhsl we.ùula ;=<ska
flfkl=f.a is;=ú,s fyda wNs,dI ikaksfõokh lsrSuhs'
jÖ ú[a[;a;sh hkq 'lreKdlr <Õg tkak' hs
mqoa.,fhl=g w`v .eiSu jeks l:d Yíohla u.ska flfkl=f.a
is;=ú,s fyda wNs,dI ikaksfõokh lsrSuhs' ldh yd jÖ ú[a[;a;s
ukiska Wmokd fyhska fï rEm is;la ke;s cSj;a fkd jk foag Wod
( leiÜ fÜmaia jeks foag& nyd,sh fkd yels hhs lshkq ,efí' tajd
csj;ajk i;a;ajhkaf.a l:dj, yd YrSrfha Yíoj,;a p,kj,;a
muKla oelsh yel'
úldr rEm - úlD;sh fjkiaùu yeáhg
1' ,yq;d - ieye,a,q nj
(a) Ñ;a;fhka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, ieye,a,q nj
(b) W;=fjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, ieye,a,q nj
(c) ´cdfjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, ieye,a,q nj
2' uqÿq;d - uqÿq nj
(a) Ñ;a;fhka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, uqÿq nj
(b) W;=fjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, uqÿq nj
(c) ´cdfjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, uqÿ nj
3' lïu[a[;d - rEmj, l¾uKH;dj fkdfyd;a kuHYS,S nj
(a) Ñ;a;fhka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, l¾uKH;dj
(b) W;=fjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, l¾uKH;dj
(c) ´cdfjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, l¾uKH;dj
,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d hk fï rEm;%h uq,ska i|yka l<
ldh ú[a[;a;s yd jÖ ú[a[;a;s hk rEm fol;a iu. —úldr rEm˜
hs y÷kajkq ,efí'
,laLK rEm - rEm ,laLK jYfhka¦ tajd i;rls'
1' Wmph - rEmfha jeãu
^w& Bg tla cSú;hl i;H rEmfha wdrïNfha my< jk
,laIKh we;'
^wd& bkaøshka jeãug yd iïmQ¾K lsrSug fya;= ldrl fjhs'
m%udKj;a Ndjhg <.dùug yd jeãug iy jeäùug;a
fhda.H rEm ilihs'
151 152
2' ika;;s - rEmfha wLKav meje;au' bkaøshka jevqKq miq cSú;fha
i;H rEmj, wLKav meje;au ika;;sh& iy;sl lrhs'
nqÿka jykafia by; i|yka fohdldrhg yg .ekSu ld,
mrsÑfPao follg - tkï ms<s.ekafï isg weia" lka wdoS
bkaøshhkaf.a jeãu olajd tlla yd tu bkaøshhka iïmQ¾K l<
miq wksl jYfhka fnoñka W.kajd jÞ< fial' fï rEm fol
i;H rEmhlska yqÿ yg .ekau hs'
3' cr;d - i;H rEmhkaf.a osrd hdu fyda fïrSu¦ fï h:dN+; i;H&
rEmj, ia:s;s wjia:djhs'
4' wksÉp;d - i;H rEmhkaf.a ksreoaêh ^ì|S hdu& hs' fï i;H
rEmhkaf.a ì|S hk - Nx. jk - wjia:djhs'
i;H rEm 18 yd jHdc rEm 10 hk fïjd j¾. 28 l tl;=jla
idohs' fï rEm 28 ka mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda yd jdfhda hk tajdg zOd;=Z"
‘ zuyd Od;=Z fyda zN+; rEmZ hs lshkq ,efí' wks;a rEm 24 j¾.h WmdÞ
rEm hs lshkq ,efí' uyd N+; i;r mokï fldg f.k fïjd ìysjk
fyhsks'
rEmhkaf.a iajNdjh
fï rEm j¾. 28 g iajdëkj fyda ;ks ;ksj mej;sh fkd yel' Bg
.Khla jYfhka muKla mej;sh yel' rEm l,dmhs th y÷kajkq
,efí' rEmhkaf.a b;du l=vd tl;=j yd msKavh hk kñ' tl rEm
l,dmhl rEm kï(
tal=mamdo } tajd tl úg WmoS¦
talksfrdaO} tajd tl úg Nx. fõ¦
talksiaih } tajd tu l,dmh ;=<u ta rEm u;u msysgd isà'
rEm l,dmhkays mj;akd WmdÞk rEm tu l,dmfhau
mj;akd Od;= i;frka m%Nj fõ' ke;fyd;a tajd mokï fldg .kS'
tajd fjk;a rEm l,dmhl mj;akd Od;= i;r mokï fldg fkd
.kS' ;jo tla rEm l,dmhl we;s Od;= i;r tlsfkl u; rÞ mj;S'
tla l,dmhl we;s Od;= i;r yd WmdÞ rEm folu fjk;a l,dmhl
Od;= i;r u; rÞ fkd mj;S' tla l,dmhl tlg Wmosk rEmhka
w;frysu yd N+; u; WmdÞ rEm /|S mj;S' uyd N+; tlsfkl u; r\
mj;S'
fï rEm i;H rEm f,i mrud¾:hka yeáhg oelSug;a"
WmdÞ rEm N+; rEm u; rÞ mj;akd neõ iy N+; rEm N+; rEm u; rÞ
mj;akd neõ ØKfhka oelSug;a" m<uq j" rEm l,dm oelSug
yelsùu wjYHh' fhda.djprhd rEm l,dm oelSug iu;a jQ miq tl
tll mj;akd mrud¾:hka oelSug iy tl tll rEm wgla" kjhla"
oyhla fyda Bg jeä .Kkla we;aoehs ne,Sug o iu;a fõ' bka miq
ØKfhka ta tla tla rEmhla úNd. lrïka tajdys we;s iajdNdúl
,CIK yd .=Kdx. oek .ekSug;a jEhï l< hq;=h' bkslaì;sj
muKs" rEmhkaf.a mru i;Hh oel .; yels jkafka' fï igykaj,
rEm l,dm oelSfï fï l%uh zOd;= úNd.hZ hs y÷kajkq ,efí'
ucaCêu ksldfha uQ, mKaKdilfha uyd hul j.a.fha uyd
f.damd,l iQ;%fha nqÿka jykafia fufia jÞr;s( zuyfKksZ fï Oïu
úkfha tfldf<dia .=Kdx.hlska iukaú; NslaIqj fï whqrska oshqKq
jkakg" j¾Okh jkakg yd fYa%IaG;ajhg m;a jkakg wiu;a fõ''
fï .=Kdx. tfld<y w;rska nqÿka jykafia oelajQ tla .=Kdx.hla
kï(
fuys zuyfKksZ NslaIqj rEm fkd olS'' fuh nqÿka jykafia
;j ÿrg;a fufia meyeos,s lr;s'
zuyfKksZ fï Ydikfhys NslaIqjla hï rEmhla fõ kï ta
rEm ish,a, uyd N+; i;rh" uyd N+; i;frka ksmka rEmh' hs
h:dldrfhka fkd okSo" uyfKks" fufia NslaIqjla fkd olsñka
rEm fkd olS''
fï iïnkaOfhka wgqjdj fufia lshhs'
zrEm fkd olsñkaZ hkq i;r uyd N+; ixLHdj yd yg
153 154
.ekafï fya;= jYfhka hk fohdldrfhka fkd oelSuhs'
zixLHdj fkdolsñka hkq fmf<ys oelafjk rEm 25 fkd oelSuhs'
wei" lK" kdih" osj" ldh" jKaK" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" ia;%S Ndj"
mq¾INdj" cSúf;akaøsh" ldh ú[a[;a;s" jÖ ú[a[;a;s" wdldi"
jdfhda Od;=" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d" lïu[a[;d" Wmph" ika;;s" cr;d"
wks;H Ndj" cdh'
fuf,i ;u fokqka .Kk fkd okakd f.dm,af,l= fuka"
rEm ixLHdj fkd okakd NslaIqj" rEm iïu¾Ykh" wrEm ^kdu&
ljrlaoehs y÷kd .ekSu" Ñ;a; iïu¾Ykh" rEm yd tajdfha fya;="
;%s,laIK Ndú; lsrSu yd Ndjkd wNsu;d¾:h hk tajd olakg
wiu;a fjhs'
f.dm,a,df.a /< jeäjkafka fyda jefvkafka fyda
ke;sjdla fuka NslaIqjo fï Ydikfhys iS,fhka" iudêfhka yd
m%×fjka" ud¾.fhka M,fhka fyda ks¾jdKfhka fkd jefâ' ta
f.dm,a,d .jhdf.a mia f.da rifhys ri fkd ú|skakdla fuka ta
NslaIqjo iS, iudê" m%× úuqla;s yd w¾y;a úuqla;sh oelSu yd oekSu
hk O¾u ldKav ri fkd ú|S'
rEmhkaf.a my< ùug fya;= fkd oekSu hkq zfï rEm my<
ùug tla fya;=jla we; fïjdg fya;= folla we;" fï rEmj,g fya;=
;=kla we;' fïjdg fya;= y;rla we;Z hs fkd oekSuhs' f.dm,a,d
Tyqf.a fokqkaf.a j¾Kh fyda ,laIK yevrej& fkd okakdla fuka
NslaIqj o rEm yg .ekafï fya;= fkd olsñka" rEm iïu¾Ykhg"
wrEm kdu& l=ula oehs fjka fldg y÷kd .ekSug wiu;aj wry;a
nj ,oaoyqf.a úuqla;sh fkd oksñka¡
ud¾. M, yd ks¾jdKh ,eîug i;H jYfhkau ´kElu
we;s fhda.djprhd nqÿka jykafiaf.a fï jpkj,g úfYaI wjOdkh
fhduq l< hq;=h' rEm ixLHdj yd tajd yg.ekSfï fya;= oek .ekSug
yels ùu msKsi rEm l,dm ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a" rEm
l,dm ixúNd. lsrSug;a iu;a úh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a rEm l,dm
Z
ixúNd. lsrSug iu;a fkd ùfuka ljr rEmhla l¾ufhka" ljrla
Ñ;a;fhka" ljrla f;afcdafjka" ljrla wdydrfhka cks; ù oehs
ljr f,ilska j;a ljrla j;a fjka lr y÷kd .ekSug fkd iu;a
fjhs' tfyhska rEm l,dm ixúNd. lsrSug fkd yels jQ úg flfkl=
mru i;Hh olakg ,oehs mejiSug ljr fyda l%uhla ke;'
rEmj, >k;aj ;=k
rEmhkaf.a mru i;Hh oelSu msKsi fhda.djprhd rEm >k
hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk ;%súOdldr >k ì| ne,sh hq;=h' rem
iïnkaO ;%súO >khla we;ehs àldj mjihs' th fufia olajhs'
—>kúksífNd.ka;s ika;;siuqylspp>kdkx úksíN+cdkx
úfjpkx˜ u'àldj 1'365 msgqj&
mrsj¾;kh ( >k ixúNd.h hkq ika;;s wúpPskk meje;au&" iuQy
^.K fkdfyd;a fmdos& yd lsÉp l%shd& >k ì| ne,Suhs'
1' ika;;s >k}wúÉPskak meje;afï >kh
ish,q rEm l,dm j, - l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;= fyda wdydr hk ljr
fya;=jlska ksmkafka jqjo= - iEu úgu f;afcda Od;=j we;' fï
f;afcda Od;=j zW;=Z hkqfjkao y÷kajkq ,efí' f;afcda Od;=j
ke;fyd;a zW;=Z W;= ´cd wÜGul rEm l,dm yg .ekau;a
m%j¾Okh;a we;s lrhs' fï rEm l,dm wdydr ´cdj wg jekak
fldg .;a W;=fjka ksmka tajd h' fïjdys mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda"
jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO" ri yd cd wvx.=h'
WÞyrKhla yeáhg plaLqm%idoh oi jeks wx.h fldg .;a
rEm l,dmh .ksuq' fï l,dmh úNd. fldg ne,qjfyd;a wx. oyhla
wmg oelsh yel' by; i|yka wg yd cSúf;akaøsh iy plaLqm%idoh ta'
fï wx. oyh w;r f;afcda Od;=jo mj;S' ta f;afcda Od;=j cdj wg
jekak fldg .;a W;=fjka ksmojk ta l,dm ksmoùu m%j¾Okh
lsrSu lrhs’
155 156
tfiau fï wdldrhg rEm tys :s;s wjia:djg meñKs l,ays
iEu úgu plaLq oil l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=j W;=c ´cd wÜGul
l,dm y;r fyda mia j;djla my< ùu isÿ lrhs' fï mrïmrdfõ
wka;su l,dm wvx.= f;afcda Od;=j W;=fjka ksmka l,dm ;j ÿrg;a
cks; lsrSug wiu;a fjhs' wfkla rEm l,dmo fï wdldrhg
mj;akd neõ f;areï .; hq;=h'
iuyr rEm l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=j isjq fyda mia j;djla
rEm l,dm m%j¾Okh lrjhs' ;j;a iuyr tajdg h<s;a lSm jrlau
th l< yel' fï úúO wdldrhg ìys l< ish,qu W;=c cd wÜGul
l,dm W;=fjka ksmka rEm yeáhg y÷kajkq ,efí'
by; fmkajQ mrsos fï yd iudk wdldrhg wkqNj l<
wdydr W;=c cd wÜGul l,dmj,ska iïmdos;h' ta tl tll cdj
wvx.=h' fï cdj ;ju;a YrSrhg Wrd .;af;a fyda úisrS .sfha fyda
ke;s w;r" ;ju;a W;=c rEm fõ' YrSrfha fldgia 42 ka fuh .s,sk
,o wdydrh Worshx& kï fõ' fï W;=c cdj l=i ;=< jQ" l¾ufhka
ksmka f;afcdafõ ^cSjk kjl l,dmfhys tla j¾.hl wvx.=
f;afcdafõ& iydhfhka osrjkq ,efí' Wrd .kq ,efí' ´cd wÜGul
l,dm iajrEmfhka YrSrh mqrd úysoS hhs' fï ´cd wÜGul rEm"
wdydrc ´cd wÜGul l,dm ^wdydrfhka ksmka l,dm& hs y÷kajkq
,efí'
wdydrc cdfõ iydhfhka lïuc l,dm" Ñ;a;c l,dm yd
W;=c l,dmj, cdjg mrïmrd ;=fka isg fÞ<y olajd cd wÜGul
rEm m%j¾Okh l< yel' ksmoúh yel' boska wdydrfha fmdaIl
idrh - ´cdj - Yla;su;a kï tys Yla;sh wkqj ´cd wÜGul rEm
mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla ksmoúh yel'
fhda.djprhd fï ish,q l%shdj,s úYoj yd fjka fjkaj
olakg iu;a kï yd fï l%shdj,sfha tla tla rEm l,dmhla
iïu¾Ykh l< yels kï Tyq ika;;s >kh neyer l< yeáhg
i,lkq ,efí¡
2' iuQy >k
>k iuQyh ì| fy,Su" mrud¾: rEm fnÞ ne,Sfuka
l,dmhl we;s rEm wgla" kjhla fyda oyhla fyda fõjd ta tla tla
rEm l,dmhl ;ks ;ks mrud¾: rEmhl iajdNdúl ,laIK
×Kfhka ne,Su;a iu. we;s fõ'
3' lsÉp >kh lD;H >kh&
lD;H >kh ì| fy,Su" rEm l,dmhl mj;akd ;ks ;ks
mrud¾: rEm úiska bgq lrkq ,nk l%shd ØKfhka ne,Sug
mqoa.,fhl= iu;a jq úg isÿ jkakls'
fï >k ;=k ì| ,Su msKsi fhda.djprhd lsishï úfYaI rEm
l,dmhl mj;akd tla tla mrud¾: rEmhl ,laIK" l%shd ^ri&"
jegySu ^mÉpqmÜGdk& yd wdikak ldrKh ^moÜGdk& iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug iu;aúh hq;=h' fïjd oelSug fhda.djprhd Wmpdr iudêh
fyda w¾mKd iudêh hk wjê foflka tlla jeãu wjYH
jkafkah'
Ñ;a; úiqoaêh
wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.fha ish,q wx. jeäh hq;= o@
ks¾jdKdê.uh wfmalaId lrk fhda.djprhd Oïuplal
iQ;%h" uyd i;smÜGdk iQ;%h yd wksl=;a iQ;%j, i|yka ÿ#Lh wjika
lsrSug u. i<ik m%;smÞ ud¾.h iïud osÜGsfha isg iïud iudê
olajd jQ wx. wglska iukaú; hhs b.ekafjk neõ isys ;nd .;
hq;=h' fï ish,q wx. mj;akd úg muKla fhda.djprfhl=g
ks¾jdKhg - ÿ#L ksfrdaOhg - meñKsh yel'
fï wx. fÞ<fyka iïud iudêh m%:u" oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd
p;=¾: OHdk yeáhg fndfyda iQ;%j, nqÿka jykafia úiska jÞrkq
,en ;sfí' fï b.ekaùï l%uh WlalÜG ksoafoai l%uh ke;fyd;a
157 158
ucafCOoSml l%uhhs lshkq ,efí' WlalÜGksoafoai l%uh
flfkl=f.a úmiaikd m%.=K lsrSu u; mokï lsrSu i|yd jQ fyd|u
iudêh fmkajd ,hs' ucafCOoSml l%uh iudê j¾. kjfhka ueo jQ
i;r fmkajd ,hs' th rEmdjpr iudêh olajhs' fuh ldudjpr
by<u iudêh - Wmpdr iudêh - yd rEmdjpr iudêfha ljr
me;a;l fyda yg .kakd wrEmdjpr iudêh iu. tlg .; hq;=h' ta
wkqj nqÿka jykafia iïud iudêh WÞyrKhla yeáhg OHdk i;r
olajk úg thska iudê kj j¾.hu woyia l< neõ jgyd .; hq;=h'
fï wkqj ks¾jdKdê.uhg úmiaikd jeãu msKsi
fhda.djprfhl= iïud iudêh i;= j isáh hq;=h hs fmkS hkq we;'
ks¾jdKh ,eîu msKsi úmiaikdj wjYH ke;ehs hk o¾Ykh
we;shjqka wd¾h ud¾.fha tla wx.hla neyer lr ima;dx. ud¾.hla
njg m;a lr f.k we;' tla tla fhda.djprhd ima;dx. ud¾.hla
ms<smeoSfuka ksjKg <.d úh yelso hkak ;ud u i,ld ne,sh
hq;=h'
Y=oaêfha ima; wjia:djka jeãu msKsi m<uqj" fhda.djprhd
YS, úY=oaêh jeäh hq;=h' Ñ;a; úY=oaêh Bg wk;=rejh' Ñ;a;
úY=oaêh iïmQ¾K lr .ekSfuka wk;=rej Tyqg osÜGs úY=oaêh jeäh
yel¡
wNsOïu;a: ix.%yfha fufia oelafõ'
—,laLK ri mÉpqmÜGdk moÜGdkjfik kdurEmmrs.a.y
osÜGsúiqoaê kdu˜ 9 mrsÉfþoh" úiqoçfNo&
mrsj¾;kh fufiah' —,laIK" ri ^ls%hd&" mÉpqmÜGdk
^jegySu& yd moÜGdk ^wdikak ldrKh& jYfhka kdu rEm
iïu¾Ykh lsrsu osÜGs úiqoaêhhs˜'
osÜGs úiqoaêh jeãu imqrd ,Sug woyia lrk fhda.djprhd
m<uqj Ñ;a; úY=oaêh idlaId;a lr .ekSug W;aidy .; hq;af;ah'
úY=oaêud¾.h Ñ;a; úY=oaêh fufia w¾:l:kh lrhs'
—Ñ;a; úiqoaê kdu iWmpdr wÜG iudm;a;sfhda˜' tys woyi
kï Ñ;a; úY=oaêh hkq Wmpdr iudêh iu. jQ wÜG iudm;a;sh
hs'^úY='u'xvii'i)
ta wkqj rEm OHdk i;r" wrEm OHdk i;r yd Wmpdr
iudêh Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ilihs' tneúka Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ,eîu msKsi
Wmpdr iudêh fyda tla OHdkhla fyda ta ish,a, tlaj fyda ,eîug
ù¾h l< hq;=h'
ixhqla; ksldfha iudê iQ;%h ^LkaOj.a. ixhq'& fufia
olajhs(
— êx dfj " uy ; fj CL d xfsCsi N Lfj N : i NCs L Ns q h:N;+ ud d d'scd dk u h[p [ " h u [m k rEm i w .u pa fjok i oh pa " F: d qoq x
aØ u: p [ h u kw;a x u " i h i " wF:x. pa " i Ldr oq. [p [ x d x[
o [ [ Ø uh a [ o [ F x. paiuq pa " w . " ú ia i h pa w u[ ˜u Ki q:a; x :p
th fufia mrsj¾;kh l< yelsh(
—uyfKks" iudêh jvkak' uyfKks" iudys; jQ NslaIqj
h:dN+; f,i olshs' l=ula h:dN+; f,i olS o@ rEmj, iuqoh yd tys
fya;=" wiaa;x.uh yd tys fya;= h¦ fõokdfõ iuqoh yd tys fya;="
wia;x.uh yd tys fya;= h¦ i[aØfõ iuqoh yd tys fya;=="
wia;x.uh yd tys fya;=h¦ ixLdrj, iuqoh yd tys fya;=" wia;x.uh
yd tys fya;=h¦ ú[aØKfha iuqoh yd tys fya;=" wia;x.uh yd tys
fya;=h'
fï iQ;%fha nqÿka jykafia h:dN+; f,i oek .ekSu msKsi iudêh
jeäh hq;= hhs fmkajd oS we;'
1' rEm" fõokd" i[aØ" ixLdr yd ú[aØK mrud¾: O¾u hs'
2' m[apialkaOfha yg .ekaug fya;= - wúcacd" ;Kayd" WmdÞk"
ixLdr" l¾u wdosh
3' m[ap ialkaOhkaf.a ksreoaO ùu - wúcacd" ;Kayd" WmdÞk"
ixLdr" l¾u wdosfha ksreoaOùuhs'
4' m[apialkaOhkaf.a iuqoh yd ksfrdaOh iy Bg fya;=
ks¾jdKh ,eîug wfmaCId lrk ljfrl= jqjo nqÿka
159 160
jykafiaf.a b.ekaùug wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' iudêh oshqKq
lsrSfï wjYH;dj bka m%o¾Ykh lrk fyhsks' boska fhda.djprfhdaa
iudê jeãulska f;dr jQjdyq kï iudê iy.; fkd ùu ksid Tjqyq (
1' w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; hk ld,;%h" m%;H O¾u fya;=fjka
M, O¾u we;sùfï l%uh fyda m%;H O¾uj, ksfrdaOfhka M,
O¾u ksfrdaOh jk l%uh ksjerosj oelSug wiu;a fj;a'
2' rEm l,dm oelSug wiu;a fj;a¦ ke;fyd;a oelSug iu;a jqjo
tajd úNd. lsrSug fyda >kh ì| ,Sug fyda mru;a: Oïu
iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fkd fj;a'
3' m[apialkaOh yg .ekSu yd ksreoaO ùu" wNHka;rj yd ndysrj
w;S; j¾;udk wkd.; ld,;%h ;=< h:d N+;j oelSug wiu;a
fj;a'
tfyhska fïjd ;ju;a fkd o;a;jqka nqÿka jykafiaf.a
WmfoaY f.!rjfhka hq;=j ms<smosñka iudêh jeãu m%×f.daprh'
fï wdldrhgh flfkl= ;%súO mrs[aØfjka hq;=j ialkaO
m[aplh iïmQ¾Kfhkau iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a ksjka wjfndaO
lsrSug;a iu;a jkafka' ÿla fl<jrg <xùug yels jk f,ig fï
ud¾.h nqÿka jykafia W.kajd jÞrd we;'
Ñ;a; úiqoaêfha LKsl iudêh
iqoaOúmiaikdhdkslfhl= iudêh jeäh hq;= ke;ehso"
LKsl laIKsl& iudêfhka muKla úmiaikdj m%.=K lsrSu wdrïN
l< yels hhso úYajdi lrk we;eï f.!rjKSh .=rejre isá;s' fï
fya;=j ksid iqoaOúmiaikdhdkssl mqoa.,fhl= Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ,nk
wjia:dfõ mj;akd LKsl iudêhka ms<sn|j ;rula meyeos,s lruq'
OHdkj,ska tlla jevQ" tfyhskau Ñ;a; úY=oaêh iïmQ¾K
l< iu:hdksl mqoa.,hd" wÜGúiqoaêh iïmQ¾K lsrSug leue;af;a
kï fkaji[a[dkdi[a[dh;khg yer wka ljr fyda OHdkhlg
we;=¿ úh hq;=h' ta OHdkfhka ke.S isg ú;lal wdosfhka mgka
.kakd OHdkdx.;a" ta OHdk Ñ;a;h yd ne|S ish,q ffp;isl;a
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' ta tl tlla ,laIK" ri" mÉpqmÜGdk"
moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' blaì;sj" ta ish,a, kdu
yeáhg tlg .; hq;=h' ula ksido h;a tajd wruqK foig keó we;s
fyhsks'
blaì;sj Tyq h<s;a ta kdu rEm r|kd yoh j;a:q rEmh" yoh
j;a:q rEmh r|kd Od;= i;r yd tys mj;akd wksl=;a Wmd\k rEm
iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fï ish,a, ,laIK" ri" mÉpqmÜGdk"
moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' úY='u'xvii'3)
boska iu:hdksl mqoa.,hd ;ju;a kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh
fkd lr" rEm O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wdrïN lsrSug leue;af;a
kï" iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd fuka" ta wdldrhgu mgka .;
hq;=h' iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd osÜGs úiqoaêh jvk wdldrh
fufia h(
— ú i k m h jioq Oa ikd d fs ld w u jd iu: hdksfld m a h k f
d j ix rp = j jfkj;q ;dk f f;ix Od; = m .s . yuLq O= ; d x dkx; F ;u i ; j Fjr d; h df=w i ú p O[[; Lq k fL d d d f; d ;fid jf x d j idmfymr.s .K d;s
fuys f;areu kï(
—Y=oaOúmiaikdhdkslhd fyda iu:hdkslhd kdu fjkqjg
rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSu u.ska úo¾Ykdj wdrïN lsrSug leue;af;a
kï p;=Od;= ms<sn| ks¾jpkhoS we;s XI jeks mrsÑfPaofha oelafjk
fkdfhla wdldr l%uj,ska fláfhka fyda úia;r jYfhka Od;=
i;r iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h˜^úY='u'xvii'3)
úY=oaê ud¾.fha fï Wmfoia wkqj" lsisÿ OHdkhla m%;sIaGdj
lr .ekSfuka f;drj >Dcqju úo¾Ykdj m%.=K lsrSu wdrïN lsrSug
leue;af;a kï fyda OHdk wgu fyda tlla fyda ,nd we;s mqoa.,hd
m<uqj rEmj,ska úmiaikdj weröug leue;af;a kï Od;= i;r
fláfhka fyda iúia;rj fyda flá iúia;r folskau fyda
iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka werôh hq;=h’
161 162
úmiaikdj fldgia follska iukaú;h' rEm ukisldrh
yd kdu ukisldrh hkqfjks' fï fol rEm mrs.a.y ^rEm
iïu¾Ykh& yd wrEm kdu& mrs.a.y fõ'
ucaCêu wÜGl:dj yd wNsOïu wÜGl:dj fufia mjihs(
— F E d f f; : N jd r m uugG l : ;d . l x kkd dx L ukil r k F j k df m d jfi dr ls d i ;O;=i ú u j p = s j fki r:
j dkj F l i wNs'wgG'2" 252 msgqj; u#wgG'1" 280 msgqj&: x : sffuys f;areu kï(
fï foflka rEm lïuÜGdk ^rEm l¾uia:dkh& hkafkka
ixlafIam f,i fyda iúia;r f,i Od;= i;r w¾: ksrEmKh
flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu woyia flf¾'
úmiaikdfõ rEm iïu¾Yk l%uj,g wÞ< j wÜGl:dj,
oelafjk fuu Wmfoia" rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka weröug leu;s
iqoaOúmiaikdhdkslhd fyda iu:hdkslhd fláfhka fyda
iúia;rj Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu u.ska werôh hq;= nj nqÿka
jykafia W.kajd jÞrd we;ehs fmkajd fohs' boska fhda.djprhd
nqÿka jÞ< oyu wkqj m%.=K lrkafka kï th b;du ys;lr m%;sM,
f.k tkq we;'
úY=oaê ud¾.h p;a;d<Si Ndjkd l%u w;=rska tlla jQ
p;=Od;= Ndjkdj Wmpdr iudêh ,nd .ekSfï Ndjkd iuQyfhys
we;=<;aj mj;akd neõ meyeos,sj olajhs' fuh Wmpdr wjia:dj
olajd jeäh hq;= Ndjkd l¾uia:dkhla nj ñka fmfka'
p;=Od;= Ndjkd jeãu ms<sn| l%uh iúia;r f,i 2 jeks
fldgfia úia;r lrk ,oS' uyd i;smÜGdk iQ;%fhaoS nqÿka jykafia
fï flá l%uh b.ekajQ fial¡
— L j L mkq p m N f Nls q bufïj ldhx h:d Gs;x h:d lsx arjl ;s¡pK d; f O m wFÒ buiñx ldfh mGú Od;= ysm x f= i p L;s d
= d;= h d s; ^d d d ; f ˜;=w m O f fcd O j d d O; u'1" 73 msgqj&f
fuys f;areu kï(
—uyfKks' h<s;a NslaIqj fjk;a l%uhlg fï YrSrh .eku
m%;HfõlaId lrhs' flf,il ;snqko" flf,il ;enqjo th
Od;=j,skau muKla iukaú; fõ ( fï YrSrfha yqfola mGú Od;=j"
wdfmd Od;=j" f;afcd Od;=j" jdfhd Od;=j mj;S˜
úY=oaê ud¾.h" wia:sj," kyrj," udxYj, yd ifuys Od;=
i;r m%× yia;fhka tl tlla fjka lrñka h<s h<s;a ish jrla"
oyia jrla fyda ,laI jdrhla iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fhda.djprhdg ;j
ÿrg;a Wmfoia fohs'
úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia o mjihs
— ii h ;i f fk ; j k k r j iaf a x d u a Ñjd f \ N m[Øm y ï.sO m= m dik r . fs ; i jO dr uK ; da j d d u ï ;a; N Na
r f d cd ';d m ; mm ;w w f W i Wmma x ; p u ;a d ê ca smak m ua
fuys woyi kï(
—fufia ù¾h lrk l,ays jeä l,a fkd f.dia Tyq ;=<
iudêh we;s fõ' th Od;= m%fNaohka oSma;su;a lrk m%×fjka n,j;a
lrhs' th Wmpdr iudêh muKs' w¾mKdjg fkd hhs' ula ksid o
h;a mrud¾: O¾u fyj;a iNdjOïu tys wdrïuK jQ ;;a;ajh we;s
fyhsks˜^úY=’u'x142)
úY=oaê ud¾.h Od;= i;r ms<sn| Ndjkdj u.ska Wmpdr
iudêh olajd muKla hd yels nj meyeos,sj i|yka lrk nj
wjOdkhg ,la úh hq;=h'
úY=oaê ud¾. àldfõ fufia oelafõ'
— ou: dk m d N x x iiamai h l ia ys W pdr k iudê b s i m f ;r
s ê u ; dud x x k Ñ s úfud L L ; ú k l m ñaL li WNhi l q x \K ha.f u j; d ;'sf,d ;= a dê i N úiq'àld 1'15 msgqj&l r u a
!
163 164
fuys f;areu kï(
—iu:hdkslhdf.a Wmpdr yd wmamKd iudêh fyda
Y=oaOhdkslhdf.a LKsl ^laIKsl& iudêh fkdue;sjo" ^foflys u&
úfudalaIhg oajdr m%fõY ^wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au ØKh&
fkdue;sj f,daflda;a;r wê.uhla lsis osfkl we;s fkd fõ'˜
ta wkqj àldj iqoaOúmiaikdhdkslhd úiska jvk ,o
iudêh úia;r lsrSug LKsl iudêh hk moh fhdok w;r" úY=oaê
ud¾.h Wmpdr iudêh hk jpkh mdúÉú lrhs' jHjydrfha fï
úfYaI;ajh f;areï .; hq;=h'
fï fhÿug wÞ< j àldj fufia meyeos,s lrhs(
úiq'àld 1'436 msgqj&
tys f;areu kï(
—p;=Od;= Ndjkdj u.ska ,nk Wiiau iudêh ú.%y lsrSfïoS
wgqjdj zWmpdr iudêhZhs lshk úg th ixikaokh lsrSu fyda
iudk hk w¾:fhka fhdokq ,nk nj f;areï .; hq;=h' OHdkhg
wdikak iudêh muKla Wmpdr yeáhg ye|skafõ' fï p;=Od;=
Ndjkdfjka ,eìh yels OHdkhla ke;' ulaksido h;a tys wdrïuK
yeáhg ;ks ;ks idr;;ajhla we;s fyhsks' tfy;a p;=Od;= Ndjkdj
u.ska ,nk iudêfha n,h Wmpdr iudêhg iudk jk fyhska
wgqjdpdrSyq Bg Wmpdr iudêh˜ hs mji;s'
fï wkqj àld l;=jrhd i;H jYfhkau Wmpdr iudêh
jYfhka ie,lsh yelafla OHdkhg mQ¾j fyda b;d wdikak iudê
wdrïuK iys; Wiiau ldudjpr iudêh muKla hhs úYajdi l<
neõ fmkS hhs' wgqjdpdrSka jykafia,d úiska p;= Od;= Ndjkdfjka
,eìh yels Wiiau ldudjpr iudêh tys we;s iudk nj fya;=fjka
Wmpdr iudêh hhs i,lk ,o nj àld l;=jrhd úYajdi lr we;s
w;r th LKsl iudêhhs ye|skaúh hq;= nj o úYajdi lr we;'
úo¾Ykd yd LKsl iudêh
fhda.djprhd iïu¾Yk my iïmQ¾K lsrSfuka miqj
muKla iïuik ØKfhka by<g úo¾Ykd ØK jeäh hq;=h hs
úY=oaê ud¾.h mjihs' tajd iïu¾Yk& kï (
1' rEm mrs.a.y - rEm iïu¾Ykh
2' wrEm mrs.a.y - kdu iïu¾Ykh
3' kdu rEm mrs.a.y - kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh
4' mÉph mrs.a.y - j¾;udk kdu rEm yd rEmj,
m%;H fya;=& O¾u yd M, O¾u
iïu¾Ykh
5' woaOdk mrs.a.y - w;S; yd wkd.; m%;H O¾u;a
M, O¾u;a iïu¾Ykh
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ wruqKq kï m%;H jQ kdu rEm O¾u;a M,
O¾u;a fõ' tajd ixialdr O¾u yeáhgo y÷kajkq ,efí'
fï ixialdr O¾u wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au yeáhg olsk
m%×j úmiaikdj yeáhg y÷kajkq ,efí' u.a.du.a. ØKoiaik
úY=oaêfha isg werfUk úmiaikdj jeãug leue;a; olajk
fhda.djprhd" osÜGs úiqoaêh yd lxLdú;rK úiqoaêh iïmQ¾K lr
;sìh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a fï úY=oaêj, oS iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a
wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au hk ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,sh hq;= yd
úmiaikdfjka oelsh hq;= kdu rEm yd tajdfha fya;= m%;H;a M,;a
jk fyhsks'
úmiaikd m%.=K lsrSfï oS fhda.djprhd jrla wNHka;r
ialkaO m[aplhg;a" ;j;a jrl ndysr ialkaO m[aplhg;a" jrla
rEmj,g;a" ;j;a jrl kduj,g;a udrefjka udrejg ;%s,laIKh
fhdod ,sh hq;= h' (Vsm.XXI.86) iïuik [dK yd Wohính
[dK w;r;=r oS máÑp iuqmamdo wx. ms<sn| úo¾Ykd lrk úg
w;S; yd wkd.; O¾uj,g ;%s,laIKh fhosh hq;= hhs o úY=oaê
ud¾.h ;j ÿrg;a Wmfoia fohs' (Vsm.XX.6-9) úo¾Ykd wjia:dj,
165 166
oS we;s jk iudêh LKsl iudêh hs lshkq ,efí' ula ksid o h;a
iujf;a oS fuka tla ;ks wruqKl wLKav j kej;S fkd isák
fyhsks'
by; úia;r l< mrsos úo¾Ykdj l%udkql+, j m%.=K lsrSug
yels ùu msKsi ta m%.=K lsrSu Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd iudêh u;
mokï úh hq;= h' fuys Wmpdr iudêh hkqfjka woyia flfrkqfha
p;= Od;= Ndjkdfjka fyda iu: Ndjkdfjka Wmosk iudêh h' by;
oelajQ wdldrhg úo¾Ykd lrk úg my< jk iudêh muKla
úmiaikd LKsl iudêh yeáhg ye|skaúh yel'
boska fhda.djprhd rEm l,dm fyda ;ks ;ks kdu ne,Sug"
tajd úNd. lsrSug" w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; fya;= M, iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug yd fï ish,q O¾uj,g ;%s,laIKh fhoSug ;ju;a iu;a ù
ke;akï" Tyqf.a iudêh úmiaikd LKsl iudêh hs mejish yels
fkd fõ'
idrdxY lsrSu ( iudêh jvk úg" iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd
p;=Od;= Ndjkdj u.ska ,enQ by< u iudêh" OHdk mQ¾j jQ Wmpdr
iudêhg iudk lsrSfuka Wmpdr iudêh hs lshkq ,efí' fï by< u
iudêh LKsl iudêh hs àldj y÷kajhs' úmiaikdj m%.=K lrk
iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd Tyqf.a úmiaikdj Wmpdr iudêh -
fuh Tyqf.a Ñ;a; úY=oaêh hs - mokï lr .kS' blaì;s j fya
úo¾Ykdfjka ixL; O¾u ne,Sug mgka .kS' ish Ñ;a; úY=oaêh
yeáhg m<uqfjka Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd OHdk jvk iu:hdksl
mqoa.,hd ta iudêfhka ke.S isg úmiaikd LKsl iudêh hs
y÷kajkq ,nk iudê wjia:d Tyqg we;s úo¾Ykdfjka ixLHd;
O¾u n,hs'
;%s,laIKh
úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia lshhs(
—mqoa.,fhla wdrïNfha oS ixialdrhka wks;H yeáhg
wjfndaO lr .kS' tfy;a yqÿ wks;H;d wjfndaOfhka muKla
wê.uh my< fkd fõ' ula ksid o h;a ÿ#L yd wkd;au jYfhka o
wjfndaOh ;sìh hq;= fyhsks' ta wkqj Tyq ÿ#L yd wkd;au jYfhka o
wjfndaO fldg .kS˜. úY=¡u
yqfola wks;H f,i muKla fyda ÿ#L jYfhka muKla fyda
wkd;au jYfhka muKla fyda wjf,dalkh ^Ndjkd& lsrSu u.ska
flfkl=g wd¾h ud¾.hg meñKsh fkdyels neõ fuhska fmkajhs'
;%s ,laIKfha tl tlla udrefjka udrejg wjf,dalkh lsrSfuka
muKla fhda.djprhd wd¾h ud¾.hg msúiSug iu;a fõ'
Njx.hg jeàu
fï lD;sfha" wdkdmdki;sh" wegiels,s Ndjkdj yd ´Þ;
lisKh jeks úúO iïm%\hsl Ndjkd úIhhka lsysmhla fhdÞ
.ksñka w¾mKd OHdkh jeäh hq;af;a flfia oehs fláfhka olajd
we;' fï ish,q Ndjkd wruqKq Wmpdr iudêh yd w¾mKd iudêh
hk fofldgi we;s lrhs' OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug mQ¾jdikakfha
mj;akd iudêh Wmpdr iudêh jk w;r" flfkl= iudêhg we;=¿
jQ úg mj;akd iudêh w¾mKd iudêhhs'
Wmpdr wjia:dfõoS fhda.djprhdf.a Ñ;a;h Njx.
;;a;ajhg jeàfï NjH;dj .ek úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia i|yka lrhs'
iudêh foj¾.ls' Wmpdr iudêh yd w¾mKd iudêh
hkqfjks' is; fohdldrhlg iudê.; fjhs' tkï m%fõY ;,h yd
wê.u ;,h hkqfjks' fuys oS m%fõY ;,fha oS uki iudê.;
jkafka kSjrK my lsrSfuks' wê.u ;,fha oS OHdkdx. m%lg
xx1.88)
167 168
ùfuks' fï iudê fofla fjki fuh hs' Wmpdrfha oS ^OHdk& wx.
Yla;su;a ke;' Wmpdrh my< jQ l,ays tys wruqK ^ksñ;a;& ix×
lrhs' h<s;a Njx.hg we;=¿ fjhs' tfyhska tajd Yla;su;a ke;'
<orejl= fomhska isg .;a úg h<s h<s;a ìu weo jefgkq fuks'
tfy;a w¾mKdfõ oS OHdkdx. n,j;ah' ula ksido h;a w¾mKd
iudêh my< jQ úg ukig" Njx. m%jdyh jrla ì÷Kq úg"
ksfrda.Su;a mqoa.,hl=g ;u wiqkska ke.S isg uq¿ oji mqrd isg f.k
isàug yels jd fia" uq¿ /hla mqrd fyda uq¿ oji mqrd fyda w¾:j;a
m%j¾;k m%jdyhla mj;ajd .; yels fyhsks' úY='u.iv.33)
m%fõYï úh hq;= lreKla
úo¾Ykd jeãu msKsi Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd iudêh jvk
fhda.djprfhl= m%udKj;a ;rug OHdkh jvd .;a miq" Od;= i;r
iïu¾Ykh lrk úg rEm l,dm kï jQ rEm wKq fldgia oelSug
mgka .kS' blaì;sj Tyq ta rEm l,dm ;j ÿrg;a úNd. l< hq;=h' tla
tla l,dmhl mj;akd uQ, Od;= yd ksIamkak Od;= tajdfha ,laIK"
ri" mÉpqmÜGdk" moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fuh
lsrSug Tyq iu;a jQ miq ta ØKhg rEm mrsÑfPao ØKhhs lshkq
,efí' fï wjia:dfõoS Tyq ;ukau iuHla oDIaáfhka rEmhkaf.a
mrud¾: i;Hh wjfndaO l<d úksúo ÿgqjd jkafkah'
Bg wu;rj" my< jk ú[aØKfha iEu fudfyd;lu we;s
jk iEu ffj;islhlau fjka fjkaj iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'
ú[aØKh iy tlg my< jk fï ffp;isl iuQy kdu l,dmhhs
wms y÷kajuq' tla tla kdu l,dmhl we;s tla tla ffp;islhla
,laIK" ri" mÑpqmÜGdk" moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lsrSug
Tyqg yels jQ úg th kdu mrsÑfPao ØKhhs' tu wjia:dfõoS Tyq
;ukau iuHla oDIaáfhka kduj, mrud¾: i;Hh wjfndaO l<d yd
úksúo ÿgqjd kï jkafkah'
boska fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg rEm yd kdu iïu¾Ykh
lsrSug wiu;a jkafka kï Tyq kdu rEm mrsÑfPaoØKh ;ju;a
,nd ke;'
;j o fhda.djprfhl= >Dcq ØKfhka w;S; yd wkd.;
kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh fkd lf<a kï" >Dcq ØKfhka w;S;fha ljr
fya;= j¾;udk kdu rEm my< lrù o lshd fyda j¾;udkfha ljr
fya;= wkd.;fha ljr kdu rEm my< lrjhso lshd fyda ljr
f,ilska j;a oek .ekSug fyda oelSug Tyqg fkd mq¿jk' ta wkqj
w;S;fha yd wkd.;fha kdu rEm yd tajdfha fya;= fkd okakd neúka
fhda.djprfhl= kdu rEmhkaf.a fya;= iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh
^mÉphmrs.a.y[dK& ,nd we;ehs lsj fkd yel'
;jo fhda.djprfhl= fï ØK ;=k i;H jYfhka ,nd
ke;akï Tyq úmiaikd ØKh ,eîfuka yd wd¾h ud¾." wd¾h M,
yd ks¾jdK wê.ufhka wyig fmd<j fuka ÿria: fjhs'
ta wkqj fhda.djprfhl= i;H jYfhka úo¾Ykdj jvd
fkdue;sùfï fya;=fjka ks¾jdKhg fndfyda wE; kï" mqoa.,fhl=
úfYaI Ndjkd wruqKla jvkafka kï yd Wmpdr iudêh fyda ta
Wmpdr iudêhg iu jQjla ,nkafka kï Njx.hg jeáh yelsh hk
úY=oaê ud¾. m%ldYh flfrys oeä wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;=h'
fufia jkafka Njx.hg keuqKq we;eï fhda.djprhka —uu
lsisjla fkd ÿáñ˜ fyda —ksñ;a; yd tajd olakd uki kej;sKs˜ hs
lshk ksid h' ;uka ks¾jdKh wjfndaO l<yhs Tjqyq idjoH f,i
úYajdi lr;ss' tfy;a we;a; jYfhkau Tjqka l< tl u foa Njx.hg
jeàuhs'
Njx. Ñ;a;h yd tys wruqK iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yelshdj Tjqkg fkdue;s neúka" Tjqyq —uu lsisjla fkd ÿáñ˜" —ksñ;a;;a tajd olakd uki;a k;r úKs˜ hs Tjqyq mji;s'
boska Tjqyq i;H jYfhka mÑphmrs.a.yØKh jv;a kï tu wjia:dfõ mQ¾j Njfha urKdikak Ñ;a;fha wruqK ish wruqK yeáhg .;a Njx. Ñ;a;h ;ju;a mj;sk neõ oks;s' th yqfolau ta ú[aØKfhA iQlaIau;dj ksid;a kdu rEm
Wor
fha f
kd Èr
E wdy
drfhk
a ksmk
a ^wdy
drc& l
,dm
j, m
%;sck
kh
fï l
s%hdj
,sh m
rïmrd oy
fha i
sg f
od<y o
lajd isÿú
h y
el'
fk
dÈrE
wdy
dr
34
56
78
910
W;
=c ´
cd wÜG
ul
l,
dm
wdy
drc ´
cd wÜG
ul
l
,dm
j,
m%:u m
rï
mrdj
Worh
wdy
drc ´
cd wÜG
ul
l
,dm
j,
fojk
mrï
mrdj
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' ^mdj
l&f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
9' Ô
ú;
skaøsh
Ôú;
kjl
l,
dm j
,
f;
afcda i
ydh
wk
sl=;
a wdy
drc ´
cd
wÜG
ul
l,
dm j
, ´
cd i
ydh
wk
sl=;
a Ôú;
kjl
l
,dm
j,
f;
afcda i
ydh
wk
sl=;
a wdy
drc ´
cd
wÜG
ul
l,
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, ´
cd i
ydh
} iydhÑ;a;c ´
cd wÜGul
l,dm
W;=c ´
cd wÜGul
l,dm
wdy
drc ´
cd wÜGul
l,dm
ldh
oil
l,dm
Ndj
oil
l
,dm
Ôú;
l ,
dmk
jl
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' ^mdj
l&f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
9' Ô
ú;
skaøsh
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' ^mdj
l&f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
9' Ô
ú;
skaøsh
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
1
'wk
sl=;
a Ôú;
kjl
l
,dm
j,
f;
afcda i
ydh
1' m
Gú
2' w
dfmda
3' f
;afcda
4' j
dfh
da5' j
KaK
6' .
kaO
7' r
i8' ´
cd
2
10 10 09
08 08 08
169
yd m%;H ms<sn| i;H wjfndaOhla fkdue;slu ksid;a fhda.djprhd th wjfndaO lr .ekSug wiu;a fjhs'
ks¾jdKfha wl; Ndjh flfkl= wjfndaO lr;au ú[aØKfha ksfrdaOhla isÿ fkd jk njo fmkajd osh hq;=j ;sfí' ud¾. ØKh;aa M, ØKh;a hk folu wl; ;;a;ajh - tkï ks¾jdKh - ish wruqK yeáhg .kS'
ú[aØK ksjD;a;sh we;s úh yels tlu wjia:dj" rEm OHdk i;r yd wrEm OHdk i;r hk wIaG iudm;a;s ,enQ ry;=ka jykafia,d yd wkd.dó jQjka úiska muKla iu josk ksfrdaO iudm;a;shg iu josk wjia:dj muKs' fï wkqj —ú[aØKh k;r úKs˜ fyda —is; ksreoaO úh˜ hkqfjka we;eï fhda.jprhd lrk m%ldY isÿ fkd úh yels jQjls' i;H jYfhka ksjka ,eîu yd tlÕ fkd fõ'
170
170
Worh