it’s about to get real… british empire: 1750-1763
TRANSCRIPT
IT’S ABOUT TO GET REAL…
British Empire: 1750-1763
King George’s War (don’t copy)
Britain and France are still frenemiesAustria changes allegiance to FrancePrussia allies with EnglandResult: tension-filled peace
1750-1754
Ohio Valley is in demand Virginia Pennsylvania France Iroquois Confederacy (six tribes
now) Native Americans who live
there
1750-1754 (cont)
Britain – VA and PA traders strengthen British influence
France builds a chain of forts in 1753Virginia sends George Washington to
negotiate France’s evacuationFrance says, “no thanks”
1750-1754 (cont)
Albany Congress – Seven Colonies persuade Iroquois Confederacy nations to remain friendly with British at least
**IMPORTANT** Delegates endorse proposal for colonial confederation (Albany Plan of the Union) Ben Franklin (PA) Thomas Hutchinson (MA)
Albany Congress
Albany Congress (cont)
APU outlined a plan for a “grand Council” representing all colonial assemblies with a crown-appointed president general as its executive officer. Council with develop coordinated policies regarding military defense and Indian affairs which the colonies would fund according to an agreed upon formula. Enduring Vision, p. 123
French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)
Washington’s activity sparks the war (1754)Britain sends 1,000 troops to North America
French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)
July 9, 1755 – Natives, French, and Canadians join
French hold the British off for 3 yearsBritain has more numbers, but France and
Native American allies capture Ft. Oswego on Lake Ontario (1756) and Ft. Henry on Lake George (1757)
French & Indian War
TWO huge developments for Britain Iroquois become disgruntled with France
1758 side with England William Pitt takes over control of military affairs in
British Cabinet Puts burden of fighting on Colonies, but financial burden
on Parliament
French & Indian War
Troops under General Amherst capture Ft. Duquesne & Louisbourg in 1758
1759 French leave northern NY stateSeptember 1759 – French commander-in-
chief Montcalm is defeatedFrench stop fighting in 1760 when Montreal
surrenders
French & Indian War
1763 (a big year for Britain!)2/10/1763 – Treaty of Paris officially ends the
warApril – Ottawa Chief Pontiac unites Native
tribes in an offense against British10/7/1763 – King George III signs
Proclamation of 1763 reserving land west of Allegheny Mountains for Native Americans (AKA Proclamation Line)
French & Indian War
Seven Years’ War
Sparks Fly…Tensions Run High
British and Colonial troops don’t like each other
British and Colonial civilians don’t like each other Colonists don’t like housing and feeding “arrogant”
British troops King views this as undermining his authority and
effort to defend territories
Sparks Fly…Tensions Run High
British living in England are angry with PittColonists profited from war; Britain sinks into
debt(during war) Colonists prosper – buy British
goods – increase British manufacturing – increases Britain’s economy
What happened when war ended…?
Sparks Fly…Tensions Run High
Natives want French to come backNew Native/Colonial skirmishes drive debt
higher Pontiac’s Rebellion 1763 – Delaware, Ottawa, and Pontiac attack eight
British forts near Great Lakes Lasts about 3 years King George III issues Proclamation of 1763
North America after 1763