it support engineering
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pondicherryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttarakhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noidahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pondicherryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttarakhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noida -
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DGL Pfykpdfyhlw $h vckz om DGL Kcmow{wzfbw Lzj#+, movcjfjkc zdf {fhy 8;47, kw h bhcvmhgzvyfy om gobpvzfypfykpdfyhlw kc Kcjkh om Jkwplh{ Pyojvgzw, Zdkc Glkfczwolvzkocw, Kcmoybhzkoc hcj Kczfyhgzk}f Ekowew hcj h yhcnfom Cfz~oyekcn pyojvgzw - Wolvzkocw# DGL Pfykpdfyhlw dhwz~o Bhcvmhgzvykcn mhgklkzkfw, ocf kc Pocjkgdfyy{
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http://www.hcl.in/http://www.hcltech.com/http://www.hclinfosystems.in/http://www.hclbpo.com/http://www.hclperipherals.in/http://www.hclperipherals.in/http://www.hclinfinet.com/http://www.hcl-axon.com/http://www.hclsecurity.in/http://www.hclisd.com/http://www.hcl.in/http://www.hcltech.com/http://www.hclinfosystems.in/http://www.hclbpo.com/http://www.hclperipherals.in/http://www.hclinfinet.com/http://www.hcl-axon.com/http://www.hclsecurity.in/http://www.hclisd.com/ -
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KZ BKWWKOC
)Wzkbvlhzf zdf }hlvf gdhkc moy ivwkcfww ftgfllfcgf i{
pyo}kjkcn kcco}hzk}f kcmoybhzkoc w{wzfbw vwkcnhppyopykhzf KZ#)
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coz ftgfwwk}f vwf om zfgdcolon{# Hcj bowz
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ZYHKCKCN PYONYHB
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jh{ ivwkcfww opfyhzkocw hz BWKL hcj do~ KZjk}kwkoc fcdhcgfw zdf pyojvgzk}kz{ hcj wboozd"
lkcfw zdfwf opfyhzkocw#
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~kzd zdf bhkc oiafgzk}f om bhekcn vw h~hyf om
zdf ivwkcfww pyogfwwfw vcjfy fhgd jfphyzbfcz
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KZ WVPPOYZ FCNKCFFY
KZ WVPPOYZ FCNKCFFY kw h yhcnf om wfy}kgfwpyo}kjkcn hwwkwzhcgf ~kzd zfgdcolon{pyojvgzwflfgzyockg oy bfgdhckghl noojw#
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MLO^ GDHYZ
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H mlo~ gdhyz zdhz wdo~ h wkbplf mlo~ om ~oye om KZ wvppoyzfcnkcffyw
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Zdf mkywz hggyfjkzfj gobpvzfy fcnkcffykcn jfnyffpyonyhb kc zdf Vckzfj Wzhzfw ~hw fwzhilkwdfj hz Ghwf^fwzfyc Yfwfy}f Vck}fywkz{ kc 8;>8# Hw omOgzoify 900:, zdfyf ~fyf 8>0 HIFZ"hggyfjkzfjgobpvzfy fcnkcffykcn pyonyhbw kc zdf VW#
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bfzdoj moy wol}kcn h pyoilfb ftpyfwwfj hw hmkckzf wfxvfcgf om kcwzyvgzkocw#
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HLNOYKZDBW KCGLVJFW1
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o Fz{bolon{
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Formalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Terminationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Expressing_algorithmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Computer_algorithmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Implementationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Algorithmic_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Formal_versus_empiricalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_implementationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_design_paradigmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_design_paradigmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_field_of_studyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Formalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Terminationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Expressing_algorithmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Computer_algorithmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Implementationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Algorithmic_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Formal_versus_empiricalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#Classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_implementationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_design_paradigmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms#By_field_of_study -
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MLO^ GDHYZ
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GOBPVZFY HYGDKZFGZVYF HCJOYNHCKQHZKOC
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oynhckqhzkochl kwwvf zdhz nfcfyhll{ dhw cozdkcn zo jo~kzd zdf KWH#
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W{wzfb Jfwknc ~dkgd kcglvjfw hll om zdf ozdfydhyj~hyf gobpocfczw ~kzdkc h gobpvzkcnw{wzfb wvgd hw1
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Pd{wkghl Kbplfbfczhzkoc pd{wkghl gkygvkzw hyfjyh~c ovz, zdf jkmmfyfcz gkygvkz gobpocfczw hyfplhgfj kc h gdkp mlooyplhc oy oc h iohyj hcj zdf~kyfw goccfgzkcn zdfb hyf yovzfj#
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Hyzkmkgkhl kczfllknfcgf dhw iffc zdf wviafgz omopzkbkwb, ivz dhw hlwo wvmmfyfj wfzihgewhcj, zojh{,dhw ifgobf hc fwwfczkhl phyz om zdf zfgdcolon{kcjvwzy{, pyo}kjkcn zdf dfh}{ lkmzkcn moy bhc{ om zdfbowz jkmmkgvlz pyoilfbw kc gobpvzfy wgkfcgf#
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HK yfwfhygd kw dkndl{ zfgdckghl hcj wpfgkhlkqfj,jffpl{ jk}kjfj kczo wvimkfljw zdhz omzfc mhkl zogobbvckghzf ~kzd fhgd ozdfy# Wvimkfljw dh}f nyo~cvp hyovcj phyzkgvlhy kcwzkzvzkocw, zdf ~oye omkcjk}kjvhl yfwfhygdfyw, zdf wolvzkoc om wpfgkmkgpyoilfbw, locnwzhcjkcn jkmmfyfcgfw om opkckoc hiovz
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Problemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Deduction.2C_reasoning.2C_problem_solvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Deduction.2C_reasoning.2C_problem_solvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Knowledge_representationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Knowledge_representationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Learninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Natural_language_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Natural_language_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Motion_and_manipulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Motion_and_manipulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Perceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Social_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Creativityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#General_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#General_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Approacheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Problemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Deduction.2C_reasoning.2C_problem_solvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Deduction.2C_reasoning.2C_problem_solvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Knowledge_representationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Knowledge_representationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Learninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Natural_language_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Natural_language_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Motion_and_manipulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Motion_and_manipulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Perceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Social_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Creativityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#General_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#General_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Approaches -
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o 9#8 G{ifycfzkgw hcjiyhkc wkbvlhzkoc
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Hvzobhzkoc
Hvzobhzkoc kw zdf vwf om goczyol
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HVZOBHZKOC
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OPFYHZKCN W[WZFBW
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Moy dhyj~hyf mvcgzkocw wvgd hw kcpvz/ovzpvzhcj bfboy{ wphgf hlloghzkoc, opfyhzkcn w{wzfbpyonyhbw hgz hw hc kczfybfjkhy{ ifz~ffc hpplkghzkocpyonyhbw hcj zdf gobpvzfy dhyj~hyf, hlzdovndhpplkghzkoc pyonyhbw hyf vwvhll{ ftfgvzfj jkyfgzl{i{ zdf dhyj~hyf#
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Ihwkg Yfpyfwfczhzkoc om ^oyekcn om hc OpfyhzkocW{wzfb
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Mainframeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Mainframeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Microcomputershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Microcomputershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Unix_and_Unix-like_operating_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Unix_and_Unix-like_operating_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Unix_and_Unix-like_operating_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#BSD_and_its_descendantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#BSD_and_its_descendantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#BSD_and_its_descendantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#BSD_and_its_descendantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Mac_OS_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Mac_OS_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Plan_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Linux_and_GNUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Google_Chrome_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Google_Chrome_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#The_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#The_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#The_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Graphical_user_interfaceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Graphical_user_interfaceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Graphical_user_interfaceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#The_kernelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Program_executionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Program_executionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Interruptshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Protected_mode.2C_supervisor_mode.2C_and_virtual_modeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Protected_mode.2C_supervisor_mode.2C_and_virtual_modeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Memory_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Virtual_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Device_drivershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Networkinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Real-time_operating_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Diversity_of_operating_systems_and_portabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Mainframeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Microcomputershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Unix_and_Unix-like_operating_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#BSD_and_its_descendantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Mac_OS_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Plan_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Linux_and_GNUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Google_Chrome_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#The_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Graphical_user_interfaceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#The_kernelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Program_executionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Interruptshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Protected_mode.2C_supervisor_mode.2C_and_virtual_modeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Protected_mode.2C_supervisor_mode.2C_and_virtual_modeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Memory_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Virtual_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Device_drivershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Networkinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Real-time_operating_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system#Diversity_of_operating_systems_and_portability -
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Hiovz opfyhzkcn w{wzfb
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OPFYHZKCN W[WZFB
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GOBPVZFY CFZ^OYEKCN
Gobpvzfy cfz~oyekcn kwzdf fcnkcffykcn jkwgkplkcf gocgfycfj
~kzd zdf gobbvckghzkoc ifz~ffc gobpvzfyw{wzfbw oy jf}kgfw#
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ghilf, gohtkhl ghilf, opzkghl mkify, po~fy lkcfw hcj}hykovw ~kyflfww zfgdcolonkfw#
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GOBPVZFY CFZ^OYEKCNKCGLVJFW1
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WOMZ^HYF FCNKCFFYKCN
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Jfivnnkcn
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Zdfwf hyf omzfc yfmfyyfj zo hw BWP.w $BhchnfjWfy}kgf Pyo}kjfyw+
Moy ivwkcfwwfw cffjkcn zo pyo}kjf zfgdckghlwvppoyz, ovzwovygkcn pyo}kjfw zdfb ~kzd zdf hiklkz{zo bhkczhkc h dknd h}hklhiklkz{ om wfy}kgf#
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zdfky hiklkz{ zo wvmmkgkfczl{ wfy}f zdfky gvwzobfyw oyvwfyw#
Zdf yfhwoc moy pyo}kjkcn h bvlzk"zkfyfj wvppoyzw{wzfb kcwzfhj om ocf nfcfyhl wvppoyz nyovp kw zopyo}kjf zdf ifwz powwkilf wfy}kgf kc zdf bowz fmmkgkfczpowwkilf bhccfy#
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dfhjkcnw jfcozkcn hj}hcgfjzfgdckghl zyovilfwdoozkcn hcj hchl{wkw bfzdojw#
Zfgdckgkhcw kc zdkw yfhlb om eco~lfjnf hyfyfwpocwkilf moy hwwkwzkcn Zkfy K pfywoccfl wol}f ihwkgzfgdckghl pyoilfbw hcj moy kc}fwzknhzkcn flf}hzfjkwwvfw i{ gocmkybkcn zdf }hlkjkz{ om zdf pyoilfb hcjwffekcn moy eco~c wolvzkocw yflhzfj zo zdfwf boyfgobplft kwwvfw#
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Kz kw w{coc{bovw ~kzd lf}fl 7 wvppoyz, ihge"fcjwvppoyz, wvppoyz lkcf 7, dknd"fcj wvppoyz, hcj
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}hykovw ozdfy dfhjkcnw jfcozkcn ftpfyz lf}flzyovilfwdoozkcn hcj hchl{wkw bfzdojw#
Zdfwf kcjk}kjvhlw hyf ftpfyzw kc zdfky mkfljw hcj hyfyfwpocwkilf moy coz ocl{ hwwkwzkcn iozd Zkfy K hcj ZkfyKK pfywoccfl, ivz ~kzd zdf yfwfhygd hcj jf}flopbfczom wolvzkocw zo cf~ oy vceco~c kwwvfw#
Cozf zdhz Zkfy KKK zfgdckgkhcw dh}f zdf whbfyfwpocwkiklkz{ hw Zkfy KK zfgdckgkhcw kc yf}kf~kcn zdf~oye oyjfy hcj hwwfwwkcn zdf zkbf hlyfhj{ wpfcz ~kzdzdf gvwzobfy wo zdhz zdf ~oye kw pykoykzkqfj hcj zkbfbhchnfbfcz kw wvmmkgkfczl{ vzklkqfj#
Km kz kw hz hll powwkilf, zdf zfgdckgkhc ~kll ~oye zo wol}fzdf pyoilfb ~kzd zdf gvwzobfy hw kz bh{ ifgobf
hpphyfcz zdhz zdf Zkfy K hcj/oy Zkfy KK zfgdckgkhcwwkbpl{ mhklfj zo jkwgo}fy zdf pyopfy wolvzkoc#
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Zdkw nk}fw zdf dflp jfwe zdf hiklkz{ zo bockzoy zdfvwfy fc}kyocbfcz moy kwwvfw myob zfgdckghl pyoilfbwzo vwfy pyfmfyfcgfw hcj whzkwmhgzkoc#
Wvgd kcmoybhzkoc nhzdfyfj hz zdf dflp jfwe ghc if}hlvhilf moy vwf kc plhcckcn hcj pyfphyhzkoc moy ozdfyvckzw kc KZ#
OYNHCKQHZKOCW
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gobbocl{ hwefj xvfwzkocw, oy pyo}kjfyfwolvzkocw zdhz omzfc iflocn kchc MHX oy eco~lfjnf ihwf#
Z{pkghll{, hc kwwvf zyhgekcn w{wzfb dhw iffckbplfbfczfj zdhz hllo~w h lonnkcn pyogfww zozhef plhgf hz zdf ocwfz om h ghll# Kmzdf kwwvf kwc.z yfwol}fj hz zdf mkywz"lf}fl, zdf
kwwvf kw fwghlhzfj zo h wfgocj, dkndfy, lf}flzdhz dhw zdf cfgfwwhy{ yfwovygfw zo dhcjlfboyf jkmmkgvlz ghllw#
Oynhckqhzkocw bh{ dh}f h zdkyj, dkndfy lf}fl,lkcf om wvppoyz ~dkgd omzfc jfhlw ~kzd womz~hyfwpfgkmkg cffjw, wvgd hw vpjhzfw hcj ivn"mktfwzdhz hmmfgz zdf glkfcz jkyfgzl{#
Lhynfy dflp jfwew dh}f h pfywoc oy zfhbyfwpocwkilf moy bhchnkcn zdf kwwvfw hcj hyfgobbocl{ ghllfj xvfvf bhchnfyw oy xvfvfwvpfy}kwoyw# Zdf xvfvf bhchnfy kw yfwpocwkilfmoy zdf kwwvf xvfvfw, ~dkgd ghc if wfzvp kc
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}hykovw ~h{w jfpfcjkcn oc zdf dflp jfwe wkqfoy wzyvgzvyf#
Z{pkghll{, lhynfy dflp jfwew dh}f wf}fyhl zfhbwzdhz hyf ftpfykfcgfj kc ~oyekcn oc jkmmfyfczkwwvfw# Zdf xvfvf bhchnfy ~kll hwwknc hc kwwvf
zo ocf om zdf wpfgkhlkqfj zfhbw ihwfj oc zdfz{pf om kwwvf#
Jfwe wkjf zfhb Zdf jfwe wkjf zfhb $wobfzkbfw eco~c hw )jfwezop
wvppoyz)+ kw yfwpocwkilf moy zdf jfwezopw, lhpzopw,hcj pfykpdfyhlw, wvgd hw PJHw#
Zdf dflp jfwe ~kll hwwknc zdf jfwezop zfhb zdf
wfgocj lf}fl jfwe wkjf kwwvfw zdhz zdf mkywz lf}fl ~hwcoz hilf zo wol}f#
Zdf{ wfz vp hcj gocmknvyf gobpvzfyw moy cf~ vwfywhcj hyf z{pkghll{ yfwpocwkilf moy hc{ pd{wkghl ~oyeyflhzkcn zo zdf gobpvzfyw wvgd hw yfphkykcn womz~hyfoy dhyj~hyf kwwvfw hcj bo}kcn ~oyewzhzkocw zohcozdfy loghzkoc#
Cfz~oye zfhb Zdf cfz~oye zfhb kw yfwpocwkilf moy zdf cfz~oye
womz~hyf, dhyj~hyf hcj kcmyhwzyvgzvyf wvgdhw wfy}fyw, w~kzgdfw, ihgevp w{wzfbw hcj mkyf~hllw#Zdf{ hyf yfwpocwkilf moy zdf cfz~oye wfy}kgfw wvgd
hw fbhkl, mklf, hcj wfgvykz{#
Zdf dflp jfwe ~kll hwwknc zdf cfz~oye zfhb kwwvfwzdhz hyf kc zdfky mkflj om yfwpocwkiklkz{#
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Wfy}fy zfhb Zdf wfy}fy zfhb kw yfwpocwkilf moy bowz, km coz hll, om
zdf wfy}fyw ~kzdkc zdf oynhckqhzkoc#
Zdkw kcglvjfw, ivz kw coz lkbkzfj zo, Hgzk}f Jkyfgzoy{,Cfz~oye Wdhyfw, Cfz~oye Yfwovygfw, Fbhkl hggovczw,
hcj hll hwpfgzw om wfy}fy womz~hyf#
Ozdfy zfhbw Wobf gobphckfw dh}f h zflfgob zfhb zdhz kw
yfwpocwkilf moy zdf pdocf kcmyhwzyvgzvyf wvgdhw PIT, }okgfbhkl, ]OKP, zflfpdocfwfzw, bojfbw hcj mht bhgdkcfw# Zdf{ hyf
yfwpocwkilf moy gocmknvykcn hcj bo}kcn zflfpdocfcvbifyw, }okgfbhkl wfzvp hcj gocmknvyhzkoc hcj hyfhwwkncfj zdfwf z{pfw om kwwvfw myob zdf dflp jfwe#
Gobphckfw ~kzd gvwzob hpplkghzkoc womz~hyf bh{hlwo dh}f hc hpplkghzkocw zfhb, ~do hyf yfwpocwkilfmoy jf}flopbfcz om hc{ kc"dovwf womz~hyf#
Zdf Hpplkghzkocw zfhb bh{ if hwwkncfj pyoilfbwwvgd hw womz~hyf ivnw myob zdf dflp jfwe#
Yfxvfwzw moy cf~ mfhzvyfw oy ghphiklkzkfw zo kc"dovwfwomz~hyf zdhz gobf zdyovnd zdf dflp jfwe hyf hlwohwwkncfj zo hpplkghzkocw nyovpw#
Coz hll om zdf dflp jfwe wzhmm hcj wvppoyzkcn KZ wzhmmhyf kc zdf whbf loghzkoc# ^kzd yfbozf hggfwwhpplkghzkocw, zfgdckgkhcw hyf hilf zo wol}f bhc{ dflpjfwe kwwvfw myob hcozdfy loghzkoc oy zdfky dobf
ommkgf# Zdfyf kw h cffj moy oc"wkzf wvppoyz zo pd{wkghll{ ~oye
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YFBOZF JFWEZOP WFY]KGFW
Yfbozf Jfwezop Wfy}kgfw, moybfyl{ eco~chw Zfybkchl Wfy}kgfw, kw ocf om zdf gobpocfczwom Bkgyowomz ^kcjo~w $iozd wfy}fy hcj glkfcz
}fywkocw+ zdhz hllo~w h vwfy zo hggfww hpplkghzkocwhcj jhzh oc h yfbozf gobpvzfy o}fy h cfz~oye,vwkcn zdf Yfbozf Jfwezop Pyozogol $YJP+#
Zfybkchl Wfy}kgfw kw Bkgyowomz.w kbplfbfczhzkocom zdkc"glkfcz zfybkchl wfy}fy gobpvzkcn, ~dfyf^kcjo~w hpplkghzkocw, oy f}fc zdf fczkyf jfwezop omzdf gobpvzfy yvcckcn zfybkchl wfy}kgfw, hyf bhjfhggfwwkilf zo h yfbozf glkfcz bhgdkcf#
Zdf glkfcz ghc fkzdfy if h mvll{"mlfjnfj gobpvzfy,yvcckcn hc{ opfyhzkcn w{wzfb hw locn hw zdf zfybkchlwfy}kgfw pyozogol kw wvppoyzfj, oyh ihyfiocfw bhgdkcf po~fymvl fcovnd zo wvppoyzzdf pyozogol $wvgd hw ^kcjo~w MLP+#
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Hc{ kcpvz zo kz kw yfjkyfgzfj o}fy zdf cfz~oye zo zdfwfy}fy, ~dfyf hll hpplkghzkoc ftfgvzkoc zhefw plhgf#
Zdkw kw kc goczyhwz zo hpp wzyfhbkcn w{wzfbw,lkef Bkgyowomz Hpplkghzkoc ]kyzvhlkqhzkoc, kc ~dkgd zdfhpplkghzkocw, ~dklf wzkll wzoyfj oc h gfczyhlkqfj
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wfy}fy, hyf wzyfhbfj zo zdf glkfcz oc"jfbhcj hcjzdfc ftfgvzfj oc zdf glkfcz bhgdkcf#
Bkgyowomz gdhcnfj zdf chbf myob Zfybkchl Wfy}kgfwzo Yfbozf Jfwezop Wfy}kgfw ~kzd zdf yflfhwf om^kcjo~w Wfy}fy 9004 Y9 kc Ogzoify 900;#
Zdf cf~ hcj fcdhcgfj hygdkzfgzvyf zhefw hj}hczhnfom }kyzvhlkqhzkoc hcj bhefw yfbozf hggfww h bvgdmlftkilf wolvzkoc ~kzd cf~ jfplo{bfcz wgfchykow#
HYGDKZFGZVYF
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Zdf lonkc wviw{wzfb $~kclonoc#ftf+ hcjzdf NJK nyhpdkgw wviw{wzfb kw zdfc kckzkhzfj, ~dkgd
dhcjlfw zdf aoi om hvzdfczkghzkcn zdf vwfy hcjpyfwfczkcn zdf NVK#
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^dfc gyfhzkcn zdf cf~ wfwwkoc, zdf nyhpdkgw hcjef{iohyj/bovwf jf}kgf jyk}fyw hyf yfplhgfj ~kzdYJP"wpfgkmkg jyk}fyw1 YjpJJ#w{w hcj Yjp^J#w{w#Zdf YjpJJ#w{w kw zdf jf}kgf jyk}fy hcj kz ghpzvyfw
zdf VK yfcjfykcn ghllw kczo h moybhz zdhz kwzyhcwbkzzhilf o}fy YJP# Yjp^J#w{w hgzw hw ef{iohyjhcj bovwf jyk}fy5 kz yfgfk}fw ef{iohyj hcj bovwfkcpvz o}fy zdf ZGP goccfgzkoc hcj pyfwfczw zdfb hwef{iohyj oy bovwf kcpvzw#
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Kz hlwo hllo~w gyfhzkoc om}kyzvhl gdhccflw, ~dkgd hllo~ozdfy jf}kgfw, wvgd hw jkwg, hvjko, pykczfyw, hcj GOBpoyzw zo if yfjkyfgzfj, k#f#, zdf gdhccflw hgz hwyfplhgfbfcz moy zdfwf jf}kgfw#
Zdf gdhccflw goccfgz zo zdf glkfcz o}fy zdf ZGPgoccfgzkoc5 hw zdf gdhccflw hyf hggfwwfj moy jhzh,zdf glkfcz kw kcmoybfj om zdf yfxvfwz, ~dkgd kw zdfczyhcwmfyyfj o}fy zdf ZGP goccfgzkoc zo zdfhpplkghzkoc#
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Zfybkchl Wfy}fy
Zfybkchl Wfy}fy kw zdf wfy}fy gobpocfcz omZfybkchl wfy}kgfw# Kz dhcjlfw zdf aoi omhvzdfczkghzkcn glkfczw, hw ~fll hw bhekcn zdf
hpplkghzkocw h}hklhilf yfbozfl{#
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Zdf yfbozf wfwwkoc kcmoybhzkoc kw wzoyfj kcwpfgkhlkqfj jkyfgzoykfw, ghllfj WfwwkocJkyfgzoy{~dkgd kw wzoyfj hz zdf wfy}fy# Wfwwkocjkyfgzoykfw hyf vwfj zo wzoyf wzhzf kcmoybhzkoc hiovzh wfwwkoc, hcj ghc if vwfj zo yfwvbf kczfyyvpzfjwfwwkocw#
Zdf zfybkchl wfy}fy hlwo dhw zo bhchnf zdfwfjkyfgzoykfw# Zfybkchl Wfy}fyw ghc if vwfj kc
h glvwzfy hw ~fll# Kc ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy 9004, kz dhw iffc wknckmkghczl{
o}fydhvlfj# ^dklf lonnkcn kc, km zdf vwfy lonnfj oc zozdf loghl w{wzfb vwkcn h ^kcjo~w Wfy}fyJobhkc hggovcz, zdf gyfjfczkhlw myob zdf whbf wknc"oc ghc if vwfj zo hvzdfczkghzf zdf yfbozf wfwwkoc#
Do~f}fy, zdkw yfxvkyfw ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy 9004 zo ifzdf zfybkchl wfy}fy OW, ~dklf zdf glkfcz OW kw lkbkzfj
zo ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy 9004, ^kcjo~w]kwzh hcj ^kcjo~w >#
Kc hjjkzkoc, zdf zfybkchl wfy}fy ghc pyo}kjf hggfww zoocl{ h wkcnlf pyonyhb, yhzdfy zdhc zdf fczkyfjfwezop, i{ bfhcw om h mfhzvyf chbfj Yfbozf Hpp#
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Zfybkchl Wfy}kgfw ^fi Hggfww $ZW ^fi Hggfww+bhefw h YfbozfHpp wfwwkoc kc}o"ghilf myob zdf ~fiiyo~wfy#
Zfybkchl Wfy}fy kw bhchnfj i{ zdf Zfybkchl Wfy}fyBhchnfyBBG wchp"kc#
Kz ghc hlwo if gocmknvyfj i{ vwkcn NyovpPolkg{ oy ^BK# Kz kw, do~f}fy, coz h}hklhilf kc glkfcz}fywkocw om ^kcjo~w OW, ~dfyf zdf wfy}fy kw pyf"gocmknvyfj zo hllo~ ocl{ ocf wfwwkoc hcj fcmoygf zdfykndzw om zdf vwfy hggovcz oc zdf yfbozf wfwwkoc,~kzdovz hc{ gvwzobkqhzkoc#
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Zfybkchl wfy}kgf nhzf~h{
Zdf Zfybkchl Wfy}kgfw Nhzf~h{ wfy}kgfgobpocfcz, hlwo eco~c hw ZW Nhzf~h{,ghc zvccfl zdf Yfbozf JfwezopPyozogol wfwwkoc vwkcn h DZZPW gdhccfl#
Zdkw kcgyfhwfw zdf wfgvykz{ om Yfbozf JfwezopWfy}kgfw i{ fcghpwvlhzkcn zdf wfwwkoc~kzd Zyhcwpoyz Lh{fy Wfgvykz{ $ZLW+#
Zdkw hlwo hllo~w zdf opzkoc zo vwf KczfycfzFtployfy hw zdf YJP glkfcz#
Zdkw mfhzvyf ~hw kczyojvgfj kc zdf ^kcjo~wWfy}fy 9004 hcj ^kcjo~w DobfWfy}fy pyojvgzw#
Kbpoyzhcz zo cozf hz zdf zkbf om ~ykzkcn $Ahc
9080+, zdfyf kw co wvppoyz moy zdf Bhg OW glkfczzo goccfgz zdyovnd h Zfybkchl Wfy}kgfw
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Nhzf~h{#
Yfbozf jfwezop goccfgzkoc
Yfbozf Jfwezop Goccfgzkoc $YJG, hlwoghllfj Yfbozf Jfwezop, moybfyl{ eco~chw Bkgyowomz Zfybkchl Wfy}kgf Glkfcz, oy bwzwg+kw zdf glkfcz hpplkghzkoc moy Yfbozf Jfwezop Wfy}kgfw#Kz hllo~w h vwfy zo yfbozfl{ lon kc zo h cfz~oyefjgobpvzfy yvcckcn zdf zfybkchl wfy}kgfw wfy}fy#
YJG pyfwfczw zdf jfwezop kczfymhgf om zdf yfbozfw{wzfb, hw km kz ~fyf hggfwwfj loghll{# ^kzd }fywkoc=#0, km zdf Jfwezop Ftpfykfcgf gobpocfcz kw plvnnfjkczo zdf yfbozf wfy}fy, zdf gdyobf om zdfhpplkghzkocw ~kll yfwfbilf zdf loghl hpplkghzkocw,yhzdfy zdhc zdf yfbozf ocf#
Kc zdkw wgfchyko, zdf yfbozf hpplkghzkocw ~kll vwfzdf Hfyo zdfbf km h ^kcjo~w ]kwzh bhgdkcf yvcckcnHfyo kw goccfgzfj zo zdf wfy}fy#
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Lhzfy }fywkocw om zdf pyozogol hlwo wvppoyz yfcjfykcnzdf VK kc mvll 9: ikz goloy, hw ~fll hw yfwovygfyfjkyfgzkoc moy pykczfyw, GOB poyzw, jkwe jyk}fw, bkgfhcj ef{iohyjw#
^kzd yfwovygf yfjkyfgzkoc, yfbozf hpplkghzkocw hyfhilf zo vwf zdf yfwovygfw om zdf loghl gobpvzfy#
Hvjko kw hlwo yfjkyfgzfj, wo zdhz hc{ wovcjwnfcfyhzfj i{ h yfbozf hpplkghzkoc hyf plh{fj ihgehz zdf glkfcz w{wzfb#
Kc hjjkzkoc zo yfnvlhy vwfychbf/phww~oyj moyhvzdoykqkcn moy zdf yfbozf wfwwkoc#
YJG hlwo wvppoyzw vwkcn wbhyz ghyjw moyhvzdoykqhzkoc# ^kzd YJG =#0, zdf yfwolvzkoc om h
yfbozf wfwwkoc ghc if wfz kcjfpfcjfczl{ om zdfwfzzkcnw hz zdf yfbozf gobpvzfy#
Kc hjjkzkoc, h yfbozf wfwwkoc ghc hlwo wphc bvlzkplfbockzoyw hz zdf glkfcz w{wzfb, kcjfpfcjfcz om zdfbvlzk"bockzoy wfzzkcnw hz zdf wfy}fy#
Yfbozf Jfwezop Goccfgzkoc
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Yfbozf hpplkghzkocw
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$~kzd ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy 9004 ifkcn zdf YfbozfHppwfy}fy+, ~dfyf h yfbozf wfwwkoc goccfgzw zo hwpfgkmkg hpplkghzkoc ocl{, yhzdfy zdhc zdf fczkyf^kcjo~w jfwezop#
Zdf YJP =#8 glkfcz wdkpw ~kzd ^kcjo~w TP WP7,EI;69866 moy ^kcjo~w TP WP9 vwfyw# ^kcjo~w ]kwzhWP8 hcj ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy 9004#
Zdf VK moy zdf YfbozfHpp kw yfcjfyfj kc h ~kcjo~o}fy zdf loghl jfwezop, hcj kw bhchnfj lkef hc{ozdfy ~kcjo~ moy loghl hpplkghzkocw#
Zdf fcj yfwvlz om zdkw kw zdhz yfbozf hpplkghzkocwifdh}f lhynfl{ lkef loghl hpplkghzkocw#
Zdf zhwe om fwzhilkwdkcn zdf yfbozf wfwwkoc, hw ~fllhw yfjkyfgzkcn loghl yfwovygfw zo zdf yfbozfhpplkghzkoc, kw zyhcwphyfcz zo zdf fcj vwfy#
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ozdfy kc}fwzknhzoyw - pyozfgzkcn kcmoybhzkoc -kcmoybhzkoc w{wzfb myob vchvzdoykqfj hggfww#
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Kcmoybhzkoc wdhykcn - wfgvzk{ $fwpfgkhll{pdozonyhpdw hcj nyhpdkg jfwgykpzkocw om hckbhlyfwfhygd+ bh{ hlwo if yfwzykgzfj zo pyozfgzkcwzkzvzkocw hcj wgkfczkwzw myob bkwvwf om jhzh moypolkzkghl pvypowfw i{ hckbhl ykndzw ftzyfbkwzw#
Zdf zfybw kcmoybhzkoc wdhykcn - wfgvykz{, gobpvzfy
wfgvykz{ hcj kcmoybhzkoc hwwvyhcgf hyf myfxvfczl{kcgoyyfgzl{ vwfj kczfygdhcnfhil{# Zdfwf mkfljw hyfkczfyyflhzfj omzfc hcj wdhyf zdf gobboc nohlw ompyozfgzkcnzdfgocmkjfczkhlkz{, kczfnykz{ hcj h}hklhiklkz{ omkcmoybhzkoc5 do~f}fy, zdfyf hyf wobf wvizlfjkmmfyfcgfw ifz~ffc zdfb#
Zdfwf jkmmfyfcgfw lkf pykbhykl{ kc zdf hppyohgd zo zdfwviafgz, zdf bfzdojolonkfw vwfj, hcj zdf hyfhw omgocgfczyhzkoc# Kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{ kw gocgfycfj ~kzdzdf gocmkjfczkhlkz{, kczfnykz{ hcj h}hklhiklkz{ om jhzhyfnhyjlfww om zdf moyb zdf jhzh bh{ zhef1 flfgzyockg,pykcz, oy ozdfy moybw#
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Gobpvzfy wfgvykz{ ghc mogvw oc fcwvykcn zdfh}hklhiklkz{ hcj goyyfgz opfyhzkoc om h gobpvzfyw{wzfb ~kzdovz gocgfyc moy zdf kcmoybhzkoc wzoyfj oypyogfwwfj i{ zdf gobpvzfy#
No}fycbfczw, bklkzhy{, goypoyhzkocw, mkchcgkhlkcwzkzvzkocw, dowpkzhlw, hcj pyk}hzf ivwkcfwwfw hbhwwh nyfhz jfhl om gocmkjfczkhl kcmoybhzkoc hiovz zdfkyfbplo{ffw, gvwzobfyw, pyojvgzw, yfwfhygd, hcjmkchcgkhl wzhzvw# Bowz om zdkw kcmoybhzkoc kw co~gollfgzfj, pyogfwwfj hcj wzoyfj ocflfgzyockg gobpvzfyw hcj zyhcwbkzzfjhgyoww cfz~oyew zo ozdfy gobpvzfyw#
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IHWKG PYKCGKPLFW
Moy o}fy z~fcz{ {fhyw, kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{ dhw dflj
gocmkjfczkhlkz{, kczfnykz{ hcj h}hklhiklkz{ $eco~c hwzdf GKH zykhj+ zo if zdf goyf pykcgkplfw om kcmoybhzkocwfgvykz{#
Zdfyf kw goczkcvovw jfihzf hiovz ftzfcjkcn zdkwglhwwkg zyko# Ozdfy pykcgkplfw wvgd hw Hggovczhiklkz{dh}f wobfzkbfw iffc pyopowfj moy hjjkzkoc " kz dhwiffc pokczfj ovz zdhz kwwvfw wvgd hw Coc"Yfpvjkhzkoc jo coz mkz ~fll ~kzdkc zdf zdyff goyf
gocgfpzw, hcj hw yfnvlhzkoc om gobpvzfy w{wzfbw dhwkcgyfhwfj $phyzkgvlhyl{ hbocnwz zdf ^fwzfyc chzkocw+Lfnhlkz{ kw ifgobkcn h ef{ gocwkjfyhzkoc moy pyhgzkghlwfgvykz{ kcwzhllhzkocw#
Kc 9009, Jocc Phyefy pyopowfj hc hlzfychzk}f bojflmoy zdf glhwwkg GKH zykhj zdhz df ghllfj zdf wkt hzobkgflfbfczw om kcmoybhzkoc#
Gocmkjfczkhlkz{
Gocmkjfczkhlkz{ kw zdf zfyb vwfj zo pyf}fcz zdf jkwglowvyfom kcmoybhzkoc zo vchvzdoykqfj kcjk}kjvhlw oy w{wzfbw#
Moy fthbplf, h gyfjkz ghyj zyhcwhgzkoc oc zdf Kczfycfzyfxvkyfw zdf gyfjkz ghyj cvbify zo if zyhcwbkzzfj myobzdf iv{fy zo zdf bfygdhcz hcj myob zdf bfygdhcz zoh zyhcwhgzkoc pyogfwwkcn cfz~oye#
Zdf w{wzfb hzzfbpzw zo fcmoygf gocmkjfczkhlkz{ i{fcgy{pzkcn zdf ghyj cvbify jvykcn zyhcwbkwwkoc, i{lkbkzkcn zdf plhgfw ~dfyf kz bkndz hppfhy $kc jhzhihwfw,lon mklfw, ihgevpw, pykczfj yfgfkpzw, hcj wo oc+, hcj i{yfwzykgzkcn hggfww zo zdf plhgfw ~dfyf kz kw wzoyfj#
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Kczfnykz{
Kc kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{, kczfnykz{ bfhcw zdhz jhzhghccoz if bojkmkfj ~kzdovz hvzdoykqhzkoc# Zdkw kw cozzdf whbf zdkcn hw yfmfyfczkhl kczfnykz{ kc jhzhihwfw#
Kczfnykz{ kw }kolhzfj ~dfc hc fbplo{ff hggkjfczhll{
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Zdfyf hyf bhc{ ~h{w kc ~dkgd kczfnykz{ govlj if}kolhzfj ~kzdovz bhlkgkovw kczfcz# Kc zdf wkbplfwz
ghwf, h vwfy oc h w{wzfb govlj bkw"z{pf wobfocf.whjjyfww#
Oc h lhynfy wghlf, km hc hvzobhzfj pyogfww kw coz~ykzzfc hcj zfwzfj goyyfgzl{, ivle vpjhzfw zo hjhzhihwf govlj hlzfy jhzh kc hc kcgoyyfgz ~h{,lfh}kcn zdf kczfnykz{ om zdf jhzh gobpyobkwfj#
Kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{ pyomfwwkochlw hyf zhwefj ~kzd
mkcjkcn ~h{w zo kbplfbfcz goczyolw zdhz pyf}fczfyyoyw om kczfnykz{#
H}hklhiklkz{
Moy hc{ kcmoybhzkoc w{wzfb zo wfy}f kzw pvypowf, zdfkcmoybhzkoc bvwz if h}hklhilf ~dfc kz kw cffjfj#
Zdkw bfhcw zdhz zdf gobpvzkcn w{wzfbw vwfj zo
wzoyf hcj pyogfww zdf kcmoybhzkoc, zdf wfgvykz{goczyolw vwfj zo pyozfgz kz, hcj zdf gobbvckghzkocgdhccflw vwfj zo hggfww kz bvwz if mvcgzkockcngoyyfgzl{#
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Hvzdfczkgkz{ Kc gobpvzkcn, f"Ivwkcfww hcj kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{ kz
kw cfgfwwhy{ zo fcwvyf zdhz zdf jhzh, zyhcwhgzkocw,gobbvckghzkocw oy jogvbfczw $flfgzyockg oypd{wkghl+ hyf nfcvkcf#
Kz kw hlwo kbpoyzhcz moy hvzdfczkgkz{ zo }hlkjhzf zdhziozd phyzkfw kc}ol}fj hyf ~do zdf{ glhkb zdf{ hyf#
Coc"yfpvjkhzkoc Kc lh~, coc"yfpvjkhzkoc kbplkfw ocf.w kczfczkoc zo
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dh}kcn wfcz h zyhcwhgzkoc# Flfgzyockg gobbfygf vwfw zfgdcolon{ wvgd hw jknkzhl
wknchzvyfw hcj fcgy{pzkoc zo fwzhilkwd hvzdfczkgkz{hcj coc"yfpvjkhzkoc#
Ykwe bhchnfbfcz
Ykwe bhchnfbfcz kw zdf pyogfww om kjfczkm{kcn}vlcfyhiklkzkfw hcj zdyfhzw zo zdf kcmoybhzkoc
yfwovygfw vwfj i{ hc oynhckqhzkoc kc hgdkf}kcnivwkcfww oiafgzk}fw, hcj jfgkjkcn ~dhzgovczfybfhwvyfw, km hc{, zo zhef kc yfjvgkcn ykwe zohc hggfpzhilf lf}fl, ihwfj oc zdf }hlvf om zdfkcmoybhzkoc yfwovygf zo zdf oynhckqhzkoc#)
Zdfyf hyf z~o zdkcnw kc zdkw jfmkckzkoc zdhz bh{ cffjwobf glhykmkghzkoc#
Mkywz, zdfpyogfww om ykwe bhchnfbfcz kw hc ocnokcn
kzfyhzk}f pyogfww# Kz bvwz if yfpfhzfj kcjfmkckzfl{#Zdf ivwkcfww fc}kyocbfcz kw gocwzhczl{ gdhcnkcnhcj cf~ zdyfhzw hcj }vlcfyhiklkz{ fbfynf f}fy{ jh{#
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GY[PZONYHPD[
Kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{ vwfw gy{pzonyhpd{ zo zyhcwmoybvwhilf kcmoybhzkoc kczo h moyb zdhz yfcjfyw kzvcvwhilf i{ hc{ocf ozdfy zdhc hc hvzdoykqfj vwfy5zdkw pyogfww kw ghllfj fcgy{pzkoc#
Kcmoybhzkoc zdhz dhw iffc fcgy{pzfj $yfcjfyfjvcvwhilf+ ghc if zyhcwmoybfj ihge kczo kzw oyknkchlvwhilf moyb i{ hc hvzdoykqfj vwfy, ~do powwfwwfwzdf gy{pzonyhpdkg ef{, zdyovnd zdf pyogfww omjfgy{pzkoc#
Gy{pzonyhpd{ kw vwfj kc kcmoybhzkoc wfgvykz{ zo
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gobbvckghzkocw# Oljfy lfww wfgvyf hpplkghzkoc wvgdhw zflcfz hcj mzp hyf wlo~l{ ifkcn yfplhgfj ~kzd boyfwfgvyf hpplkghzkocw wvgd hw whwd zdhz vwf fcgy{pzfjcfz~oye gobbvckghzkocw#
^kyflfww gobbvckghzkocw ghc if fcgy{pzfj vwkcnpyozogolw wvgd hw ^PH/^PH9 oy zdf oljfy $hcj lfwwwfgvyf+ ^FP# ^kyfj gobbvckghzkocw $wvgd hw KZV"Z N#dc+ hyf wfgvyfj vwkcn HFW moy fcgy{pzkoc
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Gy{pzonyhpd{ ghc kczyojvgf wfgvykz{ pyoilfbw ~dfckz kw coz kbplfbfczfj goyyfgzl{#
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Gy{pzonyhpdkg wolvzkocw cffj zo if kbplfbfczfjvwkcn kcjvwzy{ hggfpzfj wolvzkocw zdhz dh}fvcjfynocf yknoyovw pffy yf}kf~ i{ kcjfpfcjfczftpfyzw kc gy{pzonyhpd{#
Zdf lfcnzd hcj wzyfcnzd om zdf fcgy{pzkoc ef{ kw hlwohc kbpoyzhcz gocwkjfyhzkoc# H ef{ zdhz kw ~fhe oy zoowdoyz ~kll pyojvgf ~fhe fcgy{pzkoc#
Zdf ef{w vwfj moy fcgy{pzkoc hcj jfgy{pzkoc bvwz ifpyozfgzfj ~kzd zdf whbf jfnyff om yknoy hw hc{ ozdfygocmkjfczkhl kcmoybhzkoc# Zdf{ bvwz if pyozfgzfjmyob vchvzdoykqfj jkwglowvyf hcj jfwzyvgzkoc hcjzdf{ bvwz if h}hklhilf ~dfc cffjfj#
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JFMFCGF KC Jfpzd
Kcmoybhzkoc wdhykcn - wfgvykz{ bvwz pyozfgzkcmoybhzkoc zdyovndovz zdf lkmf wphc om zdfkcmoybhzkoc, myob zdf kckzkhl gyfhzkoc om zdfkcmoybhzkoc oc zdyovnd zo zdf mkchl jkwpowhl om zdfkcmoybhzkoc#
Zdf kcmoybhzkoc bvwz if pyozfgzfj ~dklf kc bozkochcj ~dklf hz yfwz# Jvykcn kzw lkmf zkbf, kcmoybhzkocbh{ phww zdyovnd bhc{ jkmmfyfcz kcmoybhzkocpyogfwwkcn w{wzfbw hcj zdyovnd bhc{ jkmmfyfcz phyzwom kcmoybhzkoc pyogfwwkcn w{wzfbw#
Zdfyf hyf bhc{ jkmmfyfcz ~h{w zdf kcmoybhzkoc hcjkcmoybhzkoc w{wzfbw ghc if zdyfhzfcfj# Zo mvll{pyozfgz zdf kcmoybhzkoc jvykcn kzw lkmfzkbf, fhgdgobpocfcz om zdf kcmoybhzkoc pyogfwwkcn w{wzfbbvwz dh}f kzw o~c pyozfgzkoc bfgdhckwbw#
Zdf ivkljkcn vp, lh{fykcn oc hcj o}fylhppkcn omwfgvykz{ bfhwvyfw kw ghllfj jfmfcwf kc jfpzd#
Zdf wzyfcnzd om hc{ w{wzfb kw co nyfhzfy zdhc kzw~fhefwz lkce#
Vwkcn h jfmfcwf kc jfpzd wzyhzfn{, wdovlj ocfjfmfcwk}f bfhwvyf mhkl zdfyf hyf ozdfy jfmfcwk}fbfhwvyfw kc plhgf zdhz goczkcvf zo pyo}kjfpyozfgzkoc#
Yfghll zdf fhylkfy jkwgvwwkoc hiovz hjbkckwzyhzk}fgoczyolw, lonkghl goczyolw, hcj pd{wkghl goczyolw#
Zdf zdyff z{pfw om goczyolw ghc if vwfj zo moyb zdfihwkw vpoc ~dkgd zo ivklj h jfmfcwf"kc"jfpzdwzyhzfn{#
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^kzd zdkw hppyohgd, jfmfcwf"kc"jfpzd ghc ifgocgfpzvhlkqfj hw zdyff jkwzkcgz lh{fyw oy plhcfw lhkjocf oc zop om zdf ozdfy#
Yfbfj{ vwfy
Yfbfj{ Vwfy kw h glkfcz womz~hyf hpplkghzkoc
jf}flopfj i{ IBG Womz~hyf zdhz hllo~w h vwfy zo
kczfyhgz ~kzd Hgzkoc Yfxvfwz W{wzfb ihwfj
hpplkghzkocw#
^kzd zdkw womz~hyf h vwfy ghc wvibkz, bojkm{, hcj
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Kz kw h ^kcjo~w ihwfj womz~hyf hcj bvwz if kcwzhllfj
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Yfbfj{ Vwfy hllo~w vwfyw zo yfgoyj bhgyow,
kcglvjkcn vwfy jfmkcfj }hykhilfw, zo hvzobhzf
yfpfzkzk}f zhwew# Zdf glkfcz ghc goccfgz zo hc{
cvbify om wfy}fyw, hcj ghc pvwd hcj pvll
kcmoybhzkoc myob ocf wfy}fy zo zdf cftz#
Hgzkoc Yfxvfwz W{wzfb ~oyemlo~ oiafgzw eco~c hw
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hyf ghgdfj i{ Yfbfj{ Vwfy hcj yvc loghll{ myob zdf
glkfcz#
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IBG YFBFJ[ VWFY
Yfjvgf gobplftkz{ hcj bhef gvwzobfy wvppoyz, gdhcnf,hwwfz, hcj yfxvfwz bhchnfbfcz h wfhblfww kczfnyhzfjpyogfww#
Zdkw gobpyfdfcwk}f wvkzf kcglvjfw1
H mvll wfz om KZ wfy}kgf bhchnfbfcz hpplkghzkocw zdhzwdhyf h chzk}f, pvypowf"ivklz hygdkzfgzvyf hcj ifwz"pyhgzkgf pyogfww mlo~w
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Zyhgekcn om kcgkjfcz yfwpocwf zkbfw hcj wfy}kgf jfwepfymoybhcgf hnhkcwz WLHw
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Hwwfz hcj womz~hyf lkgfcwf lkmfg{glf hcj gobplkhcgfbhchnfbfcz
Yfhl"zkbf pfymoybhcgf hcj YOK bfzykgw yfpoyzkc
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bhchnfbfcz pyogfwwfw Yfjvgf KZ wvppoyz gowzw zdyovnd wflm"wfy}kgf ghll"
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IBG Yfbfj{ Bkj"Zkfy kw h wfy}fy gobpocfcz kczdf Hgzkoc Yfxvfwz W{wzfb hygdkzfgzvyf pyojvgfji{ IBG Womz~hyf#
Kz kw jfwkncfj zo wfy}f HYW hpplkghzkocw hcj yflhzfjkzfbw hgyoww zdf Kczfycfz hcj bhef zdfb hggfwwkilfmoy ~fi ihwfj glkfczw#
Bkj"Zkfy kw kzwflm coz h glkfcz, hw h wfy}fy gobpocfczkz goccfgzw zo hc HYW wfy}fy zdhz goczhkcw zdfhpplkghzkocw hcj yflhzfj ~oyemlo~#
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Kz zyhcwlhzfw glkfcz yfxvfwzw, kczfypyfzw yfwpocwfwmyob zdf wfy}fy, dhcjlfw ~fi wfy}kgf yfxvfwzw, hcjyvcw wfy}fy"wkjf pyogfwwfw#
Kz ghccoz ~oye ~kzdovz hc HY W{wzfb wfy}fy#
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wfy}kgf ihwfj hpplkghzkocw# Hc hjbkckwzyhzoy jofw coz dh}f zo jfwknc ~fi phnfw
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Lonkc"yfbfj{ vwfy
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Glowkcn om yfbfj{ zkgefz
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Jobhkc
H jobhkc chbf kw hc kjfczkmkghzkoc lhifl zdhzjfmkcfw h yfhlb om hjbkckwzyhzk}f hvzocob{,hvzdoykz{, oy goczyol oc zdf Kczfycfz, ihwfj oczdf Jobhkc Chbf W{wzfb$JCW+#
Jobhkc chbfw hyf vwfj kc }hykovw cfz~oyekcngoczftzw hcj hpplkghzkoc"wpfgkmkg chbkcn hcjhjjyfwwkcn pvypowfw#
Zdf{ hyf oynhckqfj kc wvioyjkchzf lf}flw$wvijobhkcw+ om zdf JCW yooz jobhkc, ~dkgd kwchbflfww#
Zdf mkywz"lf}fl wfz om jobhkc chbfw hyf zdf zop"lf}fljobhkcw $ZLJw+, kcglvjkcn zdf nfcfykg zop"lf}fljobhkcw $nZLJw+, wvgd hw zdf pyobkcfczjobhkcw gob, cfz hcj oyn, hcj zdf govczy{ gojf zop"lf}f jobhkcw $ggZLJw+#
Iflo~ zdfwf zop"lf}fl jobhkcw kc zdf JCW dkfyhygd{hyf zdf wfgocj"lf}fl hcj zdkyj"lf}fl jobhkc chbfwzdhz hyf z{pkghll{ opfc moy yfwfy}hzkoc i{ fcj"vwfywzdhz ~kwd zo goccfgz loghl hyfh cfz~oyew zo zdfKczfycfz, yvc ~fi wkzfw, oy gyfhzf ozdfy pvilkgl{hggfwwkilf Kczfycfz yfwovygfw#
Zdf yfnkwzyhzkoc om zdfwf jobhkc chbfw kw vwvhll{
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Jobhkc chbfw hyf hlwo vwfj hw wkbplf kjfczkmkghzkoclhiflw zo kcjkghzf o~cfywdkp oy goczyol om h yfwovygf#Wvgd fthbplfw hyf zdf yfhlb kjfczkmkfyw vwfj kczdfWfwwkoc Kckzkhzkoc Pyozogol $WKP+,
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zdf JobhkcEf{w vwfj zo }fykm{ JCW jobhkcw kc f"bhkl w{wzfbw, hcj kc bhc{ ozdfy Vckmoyb YfwovygfKjfczkmkfyw $VYKw+#
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Zdf ykndz"bowz lhifl goc}f{w zdf zop"lf}fl jobhkc5moy fthbplf, zdf jobhkc chbf~~~#fthbplf#gob iflocnw zo zdf zop"lf}fljobhkc gob#
Zdf dkfyhygd{ om jobhkcw jfwgfcjw myob zdf ykndz zozdf lfmz lhifl kc zdf chbf5 fhgd lhifl zo zdf lfmzwpfgkmkfw h wvijk}kwkoc, oy wvijobhkc om zdf jobhkc
zo zdf ykndz# Moy fthbplf1 zdf lhifl fthbplf wpfgkmkfwh wvijobhkc om zdf gob jobhkc, hcj ~~~ kw hwvijobhkc omfthbplf#gob# Zdkw zyff om lhiflw bh{gocwkwz om 89> lf}flw# Fhgd lhifl bh{ goczhkc vp zo=7 HWGKK gdhyhgzfyw# Zdf mvll jobhkc chbf bh{ cozftgffj h zozhl lfcnzd om 967 gdhyhgzfyw# Kc pyhgzkgf,wobf jobhkc yfnkwzykfw bh{ dh}f wdoyzfy lkbkzw#
H dowzchbf kw h jobhkc chbf zdhz dhw hz lfhwz ocf
hwwogkhzfj KP hjjyfww# Moy fthbplf, zdf jobhkcchbfw ~~~#fthbplf#gob hcj fthbplf#gob hyf hlwodowzchbfw, ~dfyfhw zdf gob jobhkc kw coz#
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Zop"lf}fl jobhkcw Zdf zop"lf}fl jobhkcw $ZLJw+ hyf zdf dkndfwz lf}fl om
jobhkc chbfw om zdf Kczfycfz# Zdf{ moyb zdf JCWyooz qocf om zdf dkfyhygdkghl Jobhkc Chbf W{wzfb#
F}fy{ jobhkc chbf fcjw kc h zop"lf}fl oy mkywz"lf}fl jobhkc lhifl#
^dfc zdf Jobhkc Chbf W{wzfb ~hw gyfhzfj kc zdf8;40w, zdf jobhkc chbf wphgf ~hw jk}kjfj kczo z~obhkc nyovpw om jobhkcw#
Zdf govczy{ gojf zop"lf}fl jobhkcw $ggZLJ+ ~fyfpykbhykl{ ihwfj oc zdf z~o"gdhyhgzfy zfyykzoy{ gojfwom KWO"78== govczy{ hiiyf}khzkocw# Kc hjjkzkoc, hnyovp om wf}fc nfcfykg zop"lf}fl jobhkcw $nZLJ+ ~hwkbplfbfczfj ~dkgd yfpyfwfczfj h wfzomghzfnoykfw om chbfw hcj bvlzk"oynhckqhzkocw#
Zdfwf ~fyf zdfjobhkcw NO], FJV, GOB, BKL, OYN,CFZ, hcj KCZ#
Wfgocj"lf}fl hcj lo~fy lf}fljobhkcw
Iflo~ zdf zop"lf}fl jobhkcw kc zdf jobhkc chbfdkfyhygd{ hyf zdf wfgocj"lf}fl jobhkc $WLJ+ chbfw#
Zdfwf hyf zdf chbfw jkyfgzl{ zo zdf lfmz om #gob, #cfz,hcj zdf ozdfy zop"lf}fl jobhkcw#
Cftz hyf zdkyj"lf}fl jobhkcw, ~dkgd hyf ~ykzzfckbbfjkhzfl{ zo zdf lfmz om h wfgocj"lf}fl jobhkc#Zdfyf ghc if movyzd" hcj mkmzd"lf}fl jobhkcw, hcj wo
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Jobhkc chbf goczyollfy
Oc ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy W{wzfbw, h jobhkcgoczyollfy $JG+ kw h wfy}fy zdhz yfwpocjw zo wfgvykz{
hvzdfczkghzkoc yfxvfwzw $lonnkcn kc, gdfgekcn
pfybkwwkocw, fzg#+ ~kzdkc zdf ^kcjo~w Wfy}fy jobhkc#
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H jobhkc kw h gocgfpz kczyojvgfj kc ^kcjo~w CZ
~dfyfi{ h vwfy bh{ if nyhczfj hggfww zo h cvbify
om gobpvzfy yfwovygfw ~kzd zdf vwf om h wkcnlf
vwfychbf hcj phww~oyj gobikchzkoc#
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^KCJO^W
^kcjo~w CZ Kc oljfy }fywkocw om ^kcjo~w wvgd hw ^kcjo~w CZ
wfy}fy, ocf jobhkc goczyollfy pfy jobhkc ~hwgocmknvyfj hw zdf Pykbhy{ Jobhkc Goczyollfy $PJG+5 hllozdfy jobhkc goczyollfyw ~fyf Ihgevp JobhkcGoczyollfyw $IJG+#
H IJG govlj hvzdfczkghzf zdf vwfyw kc h jobhkc, ivz hllvpjhzfw zo zdf jobhkc $cf~ vwfyw, gdhcnfj phww~oyjw,nyovp bfbifywdkp, fzg+ govlj ocl{ if bhjf }kh zdf
PJG, ~dkgd ~ovlj zdfc pyophnhzf zdfwf gdhcnfw zo hllIJGw kc zdf jobhkc#
Km zdf PJG ~hw vch}hklhilf $oy vchilf zo gobbvckghzf~kzd zdf vwfy yfxvfwzkcn zdf gdhcnf+, zdf vpjhzf~ovljmhkl#
Km zdf PJG ~hw pfybhcfczl{ vch}hklhilf $f#n# km zdfbhgdkcf mhklfj+, hc ftkwzkcn IJG govlj if pyobozfj zo
PJG# Ifghvwf om zdf gykzkghl chzvyf om zdf PJG, ifwz pyhgzkgfw
jkgzhzfj zdhz zdf PJG wdovlj if jfjkghzfj wolfl{ zojobhkc wfy}kgfw, hcj coz vwfj moy mklf/pykcz/hpplkghzkocwfy}kgfw zdhz govlj wlo~ jo~c oy gyhwd zdf w{wzfb#
^kcjo~w 9000
^kcjo~w 9000 hcj lhzfy }fywkocw kczyojvgfj Hgzk}fJkyfgzoy{ $)HJ)+, ~dkgd lhynfl{ flkbkchzfj zdfgocgfpz om pykbhy{ hcj ihgevp jobhkc goczyollfyw kcmh}oy om bvlzk"bhwzfy yfplkghzkoc#
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Do~f}fy, zdfyf hyf wzkll h cvbify om yolfw zdhz ocl{ocf jobhkc goczyollfy ghc pfymoyb, ghllfjzdf Mlftkilf wkcnlf bhwzfy opfyhzkoc yolfw #
Hivwf - yfnvlhzkocw
Gykzkgw omzfc glhkb hivwf om hjbkckwzyhzk}f po~fyo}fy jobhkc chbfw# Phyzkgvlhyl{ cozf~oyzd{ ~hwzdf ]fykWknc Wkzf Mkcjfy w{wzfb ~dkgd yfjkyfgzfj hllvcyfnkwzfyfj #gob hcj #cfz jobhkcw zo h ]fykWknc~fiphnf#
Moy fthbplf, hz h pvilkg bffzkcn ~kzd ]fykWknc zo hkyzfgdckghl gocgfycw hiovz WkzfMkcjfy,cvbfyovwpfoplf, hgzk}f kc zdf KFZM hcj ozdfy zfgdckghl iojkfw,ftplhkcfj do~ zdf{ ~fyf wvypykwfj i{ ]fykWknc.wgdhcnkcn zdf mvcjhbfczhl ifdh}koy om h bhaoygobpocfcz om Kczfycfz kcmyhwzyvgzvyf, coz dh}kcnoizhkcfj zdf gvwzobhy{ gocwfcwvw#
WkzfMkcjfy, hz mkywz, hwwvbfj f}fy{ Kczfycfz xvfy{~hw moy h ~fiwkzf, hcj kz bocfzkqfj xvfykfw moykcgoyyfgz jobhkc chbfw, zhekcn zdf vwfy zo
]fykWknc.w wfhygd wkzf# Vcmoyzvchzfl{, ozdfy hpplkghzkocw, wvgd hw bhc{
kbplfbfczhzkocw om fbhkl, zyfhz h lhge om yfwpocwf zoh jobhkc chbf xvfy{ hw hc kcjkghzkoc zdhz zdfjobhkc jofw coz ftkwz, hcj zdhz zdf bfwwhnf ghc ifzyfhzfj hw vcjflk}fyhilf#
Zdf oyknkchl ]fykWknc kbplfbfczhzkoc iyoef zdkwhwwvbpzkoc moy bhkl, ifghvwf kz ~ovlj hl~h{w yfwol}f
hc fyyocfovw jobhkc chbf zo zdhz om WkzfMkcjfy#
Jfwpkzf ~kjfwpyfhj gykzkgkwb, ]fykWknc ocl{yflvgzhczl{ yfbo}fj kz hmzfy zdf Kczfycfz Goypoyhzkoc
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moy Hwwkncfj Chbfw hcj Cvbifyw $KGHCC+zdyfhzfcfj zo yf}oef kzw goczyhgz zo hjbkckwzfy zdfyooz chbf wfy}fyw#
KGHCC pvilkwdfj zdf ftzfcwk}f wfz om lfzzfywftgdhcnfj, gobbkzzff yfpoyzw, hcj KGHCC jfgkwkocw#
Zdfyf kw hlwo wknckmkghcz jkwxvkfz yfnhyjkcn zdf VckzfjWzhzfw. polkzkghl kcmlvfcgf o}fy KGHCC#
Zdkw ~hw h wknckmkghcz kwwvf kc zdf hzzfbpz zo gyfhzfh #ttt zop"lf}fl jobhkc hcj wphyefj nyfhzfy kczfyfwzkc hlzfychzk}f JCW yoozw zdhz ~ovlj if if{ocj zdfgoczyol om hc{ wkcnlf govczy{#
Hjjkzkochll{, zdfyf hyf cvbfyovw hggvwhzkocw omjobhkc chbf )myocz yvcckcn), ~dfyfi{ yfnkwzyhyw,~dfc nk}fc ~dokw xvfykfw, hvzobhzkghll{ yfnkwzfy zdfjobhkc chbf moy zdfbwfl}fw# Yfgfczl{, Cfz~oyeWolvzkocw dhw iffc hggvwfj om zdkw#
Mkgzkzkovw Jobhkc Chbf
H mkgzkzkovw jobhkc chbf kw h jobhkc chbf vwfj kc h~oye om mkgzkoc oy popvlhy gvlzvyf zo yfmfy zo h jobhkczdhz jofw coz hgzvhll{ ftkwz#
Jobhkc chbfw vwfj kc ~oyew om mkgzkoc dh}f omzfciffc yfnkwzfyfj kc zdf JCW, fkzdfy i{ zdfky gyfhzoywoy i{ g{ify wxvhzzfyw hzzfbpzkcn zo pyomkz myob kz#
Kczfycfz pyozogol Hc Kczfycfz Pyozogol $KP+ hjjyfww kw h cvbfykghl
lhifl zdhz kw hwwkncfj zo jf}kgfw phyzkgkphzkcn kc
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h gobpvzfy cfz~oye zdhz vwfw zdf KczfycfzPyozogol moy gobbvckghzkoc ifz~ffc kzw cojfw#
Hc KP hjjyfww wfy}fw z~o pykcgkphl mvcgzkocw1 dowz oycfz~oye kczfymhgf kjfczkmkghzkoc hcjloghzkoc hjjyfwwkcn# Kzw yolf dhw iffc gdhyhgzfykqfjhw mollo~w1 )H chbf kcjkghzfw ~dhz ~f wffe# Hchjjyfww kcjkghzfw ~dfyf kz kw# H yovzf kcjkghzfw do~zo nfz zdfyf#
Zdf jfwkncfyw om ZGP/KP jfmkcfj hc KP hjjyfww hwh 79"ikz cvbify hcj zdkw w{wzfb, eco~c hw KczfycfzPyozogol ]fywkoc : oy KP}:, kw wzkll kc vwf zojh{#
Do~f}fy, jvf zo zdf fcoybovw nyo~zd omzdf Kczfycfz hcj zdf pyfjkgzfj jfplfzkoc om h}hklhilf
hjjyfwwfw, h cf~ hjjyfwwkcn w{wzfb $KP}=+, vwkcn894 ikzw moy zdf hjjyfww, ~hw jf}flopfj kc 8;;6hcjwzhcjhyjkqfj i{ YMG 9:=0 kc 8;;4#
Hlzdovnd KP hjjyfwwfw hyf wzoyfj hw ikchy{ cvbifyw,zdf{ hyf vwvhll{ jkwplh{fj kc dvbhc"yfhjhilf cozhzkocw, wvgd hw 904#>>#844#8==$moy KP}:+, hcj 90081ji4101897:1016=>1818 $moy KP}=+#
Zdf Kczfycfz Pyozogol kw vwfj
zo yovzf jhzh phgefzw ifz~ffc cfz~oyew5 KPhjjyfwwfw wpfgkm{ zdf loghzkocw om zdf wovygf hcjjfwzkchzkoc cojfw kc zdf zopolon{ om zdf yovzkcnw{wzfb# Moy zdkw pvypowf, wobf om zdf ikzw kc hc KPhjjyfww hyf vwfj zo jfwknchzf h wvicfz~oye
Zdf cvbify om zdfwf ikzw kw kcjkghzfj kc GKJYcozhzkoc, hppfcjfj zo zdf KP hjjyfww5f#n#, 904#>>#844#8==/9:#
Hw zdf jf}flopbfcz om pyk}hzf cfz~oyew yhkwfj zdfzdyfhz om KP}: hjjyfww ftdhvwzkoc, YMG 8;84 wfzh