it super cities

© Copyright Galdos Systems Inc. April 13, 2023

Information Technology Foundation for Super Cities

2 April 13, 2023Powering the Geo-Web

India`s Urban Challenges in the 21st Century


How do I plan and build a large city from a green field ?

I need so much information !!!!

Everything is connected to everything !!!!

A Green City from a Green Field

Thinking of a City as a Dynamic System


“The Construction Sector is known for low productivity, poor integration, and a terrible record of “fit and interference” no other sector would tolerate. There is little or no life cycle management!”

“When do we begin thinking of cities as integrated systems – dynamic systems – the way we think about aircraft or spacecraft?”.

How do we escape this?


“How can I better integrate the city’s systems for the movement and management of goods, people, water, air, electricity ?”

Thinking of a City as a Dynamic System

Cities face serious challenges ? Water? Heat Islands ? Access to food? Air Quality ? Crowding? Not making the climate worse?

What tools are there to help us cope?

There are so many solutions!

• Green roofs – walls• Solar roofs - walls• Suitable materials• Building form – size/orientation• Passive ventilation• Better use of green spaces• Increase ground permeability• Reduce use of air conditioning/heating• Increase/decrease density


Lots of Strategies!

How do I choose?


Diverse and Distributed Organizations

Architects Traffic ControlEngineering

Public Safety

Waste ManagementWater Supply

Environment

Cadastre & Assessment

Surveying

City Hall

Roads & Streets

City “Model”

Information Sharing

Infrastructure

Fragmented World Intelligent 3D City “Model”

Intelligent City Models can help!

Urban Issues are complex!

Intelligent City Models can help!

• What is a city model?

• City Models are a foundation for planning, construction and operations.

• A concrete example – Permit Infringement.

• Other real world problems.



What is an Intelligent City Model ?

What is an Intelligent City Model?

• Comprehensive, multi-level of detail – 3D – model of all city structures – suitable for simulation & analysis and decision support.

• Support Multiple Applications in – Planning– Construction– Operations– Communications

• Fundamental information resource



Application to Permit Infringement!

City Model – Application to Permit Infringement

City developers submit drawings for a project, but then build something that deviates from the submitted drawings.


A technique is to be provided by which deviations between the actual built structure and the drawings submitted in the permit process can be detected.

A technique is to be provided by which deviations between the actual built structure and the drawings submitted in the permit process can be detected.

Building footprint

Deviation from permit

City Model – Application to Permit Infringement

April 13, 2023

Powering the Geo-Web

Approval Process

Permit Application

Permit Infringement

Detection

Aerial or Satellite imagery

Decision

Update 3D City Model

Permit Drawings

Compare submitted drawings to actual built structure automatically !


Application to global, integrated planning!


How do I plan and build a large city from a green field ?

City Model Application - Green City from a Green Field

1. Develop a design process

2. Integrate the design process into the fabric of the city.

3. Integrate permit/zoning/design together from the start.

4. Build/Integrate intelligent city model from the start.

City Model – Application to long term planning


Build the city model - as you build the city - build the city model

Initial land assembly & land use planning

utility services & roads(capacity modeling)

“Port” facilities

Buildings & City Furniture

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Application to Security Planning & Surveillance

Security Requirements

• Security applications require access to the entire city model(s) + additional detail.

• Additional detail is confidential.• Security applications require simulation

functionality (e.g.):– Inter-visibility.– Electromagnetic field mapping.– Radar field mapping– Internal/external routing analysis

Street Level Image – City Model Integration


Bell Tower

Interactive detection of buildings and retrieval of information about buildings

Planning and Familiarization

Image and City Model Integration


Street level imagery

3D City Model


Intervisibility – what can’t be seen from here?


Planned vehicle route

Invisible part of route


Synched copy of city model for security

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cityGML warehouse

IFC Data

Map Features

Street Imagery

3D Shape Files

Aerial Images (Pic)

Aerial images NBM

Orthophotos

DTM

2D Shape Files

cityGML Data

cityGML Archive

Subsystem

archivearchive

Raw Source Data

City Furniture

High Performance Desktop Visualization

Viewing in Web Browsers

Computation & Simulation

Street Level Viewing

Delivery to Stakeholder databases

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cityGML warehouse

IFC Data

Map Features

Street Imagery

3D Shape Files

Aerial Images (Pic)

Aerial images NBM

Orthophotos

DTM

2D Shape Files

cityGML Data

cityGML Archive Subsyst

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Raw Source Data

City Furniture






City Model Creation/Maintenance/Exploitation System

Security Agency City Model System

Automatic updates from City’s City Model

Security Agency can create/maintain hi-resolution models for specific buildings, but in context of entire city model(s) from the City.

City’s City Model System

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cityGML warehouse

IFC Data

Map Features

Street Imagery

3D Shape Files

Aerial Images (Pic)

Aerial images NBM

Orthophotos

DTM

2D Shape Files

cityGML Data

cityGML Archive Subsyst

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archivearchive

Raw Source Data

City Furniture






City Model Creation/Maintenance/Exploitation System

Security Agency

Security Agency can create/maintain hi-resolution models for specific buildings, but in context of entire city model(s) from the city.

Security agency can execute simulations (e.g. Intervisibility) against entire city model with their additions.

Security Agency updates own synched copy

LOD4 models for secure areas created by Security AgencyCity Model built by City – Security Agency has synched copy


How to build an intelligent city model!

How to build the City Model? - Principles

• Start before the City if you can.

• Focus on Intelligent City Models – not “eye candy”

• Build the business processes to build the model into the fabric of the city.

• Automate model construction as much as possible.


How to build a city model? - Business Processes


Approval Process

Permit Application

Update 3D City Model

Permit/As built Drawings

As built drawings/photographs

3D City Model

Acquire Aerial, Street

& Satellite Imagery

Crowd sourced imagery

Surveillance camera imagery

Commercial aerial/satellite imagery

Commercial street level imagery

Use known areas of change to drive image acquisition

Build the model– build the city– build the model!


Build City Model from City Business Processes

City Model is integral to city decision-making.

City Model as a Platform!!

29 April 13, 2023Intelligent Infrastructure Solutions

Drive innovation ! Drive new applications & solutions

Summary

• Urban challenges are urgent!

• Urban challenges are complex & interconnected!

• Intelligent city models can help!!

• Models must be sustainable – current – accurate!

• Models must be shareable – usable by diverse stakeholders

• Open standards (e.g. GML, CityGML, ifc, …) and information infrastructure technology can realize model potential !!


Collaboration

Infrastructure

Information Sharing

Infrastructure

Intelligent City “Model”

Summary


Visualization

Information Sharing

Infrastructure

Intelligent 3D City “Model”

DesignGIS/Mapping

Immersion

Public Communication

Simulation

it super cities

Technology

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synched copy of city

theentire city models

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intelligentcity model

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integrated planning