IT: Past, Present and the Promised Land

Saji K Mathew, PhDAssociate Professor

Department of Management StudiesIINDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MADRAS

SPICON 2016

IT Transitions1985-19941975-1984

} Computers in business: LEO (1951), IBM system 360 (1964)

} Automation

} Mainframes

} Unbundling of hardware, software and services (1969)

} Widespread use of IT, business software

} MIS and DSS

} Emergence of PCs} Distributed

computing

} Shift to more software than hardware

} Implementation challenges

} The PC era

} Client server architecture

} Business value, competitive advantage

} The CIO

1964-1974} The year 2000

} Infrastructure

} ERP to IT Consulting

} Internet, disruptive technologies

} B-C e-commerce

} Social media and big data

} The big switch!

1995-

A Bent (Andrew McAfee)

Era 1 .0

The I of IT is more important than the T of IT---Peter Drucker

Management misinformation systems--Russell Ackoff

You can see the computer age everywhere but in theproductivity statistics--Robort Solow

Three LawsMoore’s law:The performance of memory chips doubledevery 18 to 24 months, whereas their size and cost remained roughly constant (Gordon Moore, 1965)

Metcalf ’s law:The usefulness of a network increases with the square of the number of users connected to the network (Robert Metcalfe, 1980)

Kryder’s law:Since the introduction of the disk drive in 1956, the density of information it can record has swelled from a paltry 2,000 bits to 100 billion bits (gigabits), all crowded in the small space of a square inch. That represents a 50-million-fold increase (Mark Kryder, 2005)

Christensen, Anthony and Roth (2004)

IT architecture (Prahlad & Krishnan, 2008)

Bombay branch Delhi branch Calcutta branchCensusdata

Operational data

Detailed transactionaldata

Data warehouseMergeCleanSummarize

DirectQuery

Reportingtools

MiningtoolsOLAP

Traditional BI Architecture

Oracle SAS

RelationalDBMSe.g. Redbrick

IMS

Crystal reports Essbase Intelligent Miner

GISdata

Query Reporting Analysis

Extraction, Transformation, Loading

OLTP

And then…

Era 2.0} Brick and mortar to electronic

} Access and convenience} World becomes ‘flat’

} electronic to digital} Can some one define digital?} Government, business and society} Platformization} Service-dominant logic} Two speed IT (bimodal?)} Organizations within

} IT, analytics

ePDS: High Level Architecture

NIC-AP

Digital touching the bottom of the pyramid

Thank you!