issues and answers with turfgrass
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Issues and Answers with Turfgrass. Ronald Calhoun [email protected] Michigan State University Extension. Top Ten List. Crabgrass Moles Broadleaf Weeds Mulching Leaves Organic. Renovation Fertilizer Mowing Watering Grubs. “Pesticides are a shortcut to cultural practices.”. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
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“Pesticides are a shortcut to cultural
practices.”-the Yard Doctor, 2006
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My Perfect Lawn
Today
Species
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Turfgrasses of Michigan: Characteristics and Adaptation
Turfgrass Species
Recommended -----------------Relative Tolerance-----------------Mowing Height
NitrogenRegime
Irrigation Requirement
Heat Cold Drought Shade Wear (inches) Per year
Kentucky bluegrass Yes Fair Good Medium Poor Medium 2 - 4 Medium to High(2 to 6 lbs. N) Yes
Tall Fescue Yes Good Poor Excellent Good Good 2.5 - 4 Low to Medium(1 to 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Perennial Ryegrass Yes PoorVeryPoor
Fair Fair Good 1.5 - 2.5 Medium to High(2 to 6 lbs. N) Yes
Annual Ryegrass Yes*VeryPoor
VeryPoor
VeryPoor
Poor Poor 1.5 - 2 Medium to High(2 to 6 lbs. N) Yes
Fine FescuesSheep, Creeping Red,
Hard
Yes Fair Medium Good Excellent Poor 1.5 - 3 Low(< 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Zoysiagrass No Excellent Medium Excellent Good Excellent 0.5 - 1.5 Low to Medium(1 to 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Buffalograss No Excellent Medium ExcellentVeryPoor
Fair 2 or > Low(< 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Bermudagrass No Excellent Poor Good Poor Excellent 0.5 - 1.5 High (6 lbs. N or >) Yes
* Only as a temporary cover during establishment.
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Bunch Type -Tillers
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Stoloniferous - Stolons
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Rhizomatous -Rhizomes
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My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species
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Jim Dandy Lawn Fertilizer20 - 10 - 10
Guaranteed AnalysisTotal Nitrogen (N)..................................... 20%
Ammoniacal Nitrogen......................... 5%Urea.................................................... 15%
Available Phosphate (P2O5)....................... 10%Soluble Potash........................................... 10%
Derived from: Urea Nitrogen, AmmoniumPhosphate, Muriate of Potash.Equivalent to: 700 lbs CaCO3
Net Wt. 50 lbs
Text
J.T. Dandy Fertilizer Company4444 Farm Lane
East Lansing, MI 48824
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TreatmentCrabgras
s
1.5” height 317
3” height 93
1.5” heightHoliday plan
129
3” heightHoliday plan
7
Lawn Weed BMP II (2 Lawn Weed BMP II (2 years)years)
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MSU Soil Test Reports
2001-2002 Summary of 500 Samples
apply 0.5-1.0 lb P2O5
apply 1.5-2.0 lb P2O5
no apps.
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My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species Mowing Height
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6”
4”
4.5”
3” 3”
2”
1.5”1”
The One-Third RuleThe One-Third Rule
Desir
ed
Mow
ing
Heig
ht
Mow
ing
follow
ing
1/3
Ru
le
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Plant response to mowing heights
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Continual Scalping
6”
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•Kentucky bluegrass
•Mowing Height
•2 or 4 inches
•Fertilizer Program
•None or Holiday Plan (3# N/M/YR)
•Herbicide Treatment
•None, Trimec Classic or Confront
BMP plots at MSUBMP plots at MSU
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2”, non-fertilized2”, non-fertilized 4”, non-fertilized4”, non-fertilized
4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR N/M/YR 4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR, Trimec N/M/YR, TrimecPictures from May 10, 2004
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2”, non-fertilized2”, non-fertilized 4”, non-fertilized4”, non-fertilized
4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR N/M/YR 4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR, Trimec N/M/YR, TrimecPictures from Jul 13, 2004
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DANDELION CLOVER
2002 2002
2” ONLY 94 65
4” ONLY 70 25
2” HOLIDAY 35 15
4” HOLIDAY 22 10
2” TRIMEC 3 5
4” TRIMEC 7 2
2” CONFRONT 1 4
4” CONFRONT 1 1
2” HOLIDAY TRIMEC 1 0
4” HOLIDAY TRIMEC 2 0
2” HOLIDAY CONFRONT 0 0
4” HOLIDAY CONFRONT 1 0
BMP Results (five BMP Results (five years)years)
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Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
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My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species Mowing Height
Irrigation
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My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species Mowing Height
Irrigation
Cultivation
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Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
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Root Feeding Insects
Grubs:
Japanese beetle
European chafer
June beetle
Black turfgrass ataenius
Aphodius granarius
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Japanese Beetle-Larvae
Damage: Feed on roots in May and early
June and again in Sept. and October Moisture stress causes damaged turf to turn brown
Appearance: White C-shaped grubs to 1”
Threshold: 15-20 per sq. ft. on irrigated turf 5-10 per sq. ft. on non-irrigated turf
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Japanese Beetle-Adult
Adults emerge in July - early August.
Dark metallic green beetle, half inch long.
Adults feed on wide range of ornamentals.
Eggs deposited in turf July - August.
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Japanese Beetle
Larvae mature to 1/2 to 1 in. late Sept.
Damaged turf may die from root pruning.
Grubs move deeper into soil to overwinter.
Larvae pupate to beetles following June.
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Japanese Beetle
Skunks and raccoons may rip up turf looking for larvae.
Irrigated turf has a tremendous ability to recover.
Monitor populations.
Insecticides should be watered-in to reach the larvae.
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Japanese Beetle
Control is highly variable. 50 to 80% control Check 3 weeks after treatment
Beetle traps do not provide control. Biological insecticides.
Variable results Check for latest efficacy information and new products
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European Chafer-Larvae
Damage: Feed on roots in early May - June
and again in Sept. - Oct. Damaged turf may turn brown
Appearance: White C-shaped grub up to 1”
Threshold: 15-20 per sq. ft. on irrigated turf 5-10 per sq. ft. on un-irrigated turf
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European Chafer-Adult
Light brown, stout body, clubbed antennae, half in. long
Adults emerge in late June and July - about 2 weeks earlier than Japanese beetle
Similar one year life cycle
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European Chafer Information
Grubs feed longer in the fall (early Nov.) and return to the surface sooner (early April) than JB.
Damage threshold and control similar to Japanese beetle.
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Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
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Preemergence Barrier
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Pick a date?Pick a date?
20012001 20022002
Crabgrass emergence by month.Crabgrass emergence by month.
May51%
May0%
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Soil temp better…Soil temp better…
20012001 20022002
Crabgrass emergence by month.Crabgrass emergence by month.
60-70 degrees F85%
<60 degrees F0%
60-70 degrees F66%
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Tunnel through the soil looking for grubs, earthworms, other insects and animals.
Surface can be disrupted by raised ridges and soil piles.
Moles
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Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
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www.msuturfweeds.netwww.msuturfweeds.net
Weed ID on the Weed ID on the WEBWEB
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Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
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What is organic?
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What is natural?
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What is a chemical?
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Define the terms...
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Establish the goals...
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Everything in life has risk...
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Relative ToxicityProduct LD50 (mg/kg)Gasoline 40Caffeine 150Aspirin 1200
Table Salt 3000Vinegar 3000
Glufosinate 5000Glyphosate 10000
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www.turf.msu.eduwww.turf.msu.edu
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