Israel + Palestine

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(n) a movement for (originally) the re-establishment and (now) the development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel

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Zionism

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• 1917 British government (hoping to gain support of Jewish people) issued Balfour Declaration promising a national home for Jews in Palestine

• Bold move considering Palestine was still technically part of the Ottoman empire

• Also promised French part of Arab territories • Also promised Sharif Hussein an Arab state

that included Palestine if he led a revolt against the Ottoman rule – he did.

• WHAT COULD GO WRONG???????????????????

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Great Britain makes promises

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(n) It a geographic area in the Middle East containing the Holy Lands for Christians, Muslims, and Jews

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Palestine

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Tensions are a growin’

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(n) The division of Palestine into separate Palestinian and Jewish states by the United Nations UN: Yay! We did it! Peace in the Middle East, you guys. Narrator Voice: No, they didn’t.

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Partition Plan

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(n) War between Israel and several Arab states that lasted 6 days – Israel won + took over control over the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan Heights

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6 Days War

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(n) Ethnicity of those who have historically lived in Palestine Some are Muslim. Some are Christian.

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Palestinian

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(n) a series of Palestinian protests, and in some cases violent riots, against the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza

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First Intifada

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(n) Palestinian Islamist political organization and militant group that has waged war on Israel since the group’s 1987 founding, most notably through suicide bombings and rocket attacks • First suicide bombing in 1993 • Gained support for militancy, but also for

social welfare projects like building schools, mosques, and health clinics

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Hamas

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• After First Intifada, President Bill Clinton actually got the closest we’ve ever gotten to peace in the Middle East

• But they failed • Ehud Barak’s (Israeli PM at the time) was

undermined when Ariel Sharon led 1,000 armed guards to the Temple Mount

• Led to Second Intifada • 3,000 Palestinians and 1,000 Israelis were

killed

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Failed Peace Talks

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(n) To Muslims: known as Al-Asqua Mosque, the 3rd holiest site in Islam To Jews: it is the holiest site

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Temple Mount

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• In 2002, Israel began to construct a wall around the West Bank instead of following borders established after 6 Days War

• Israeli’s say it is for self-defense • Palestinians say it is an illegal land grab

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2002

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• Yasser Arafat died and Hamas won a majority of parliamentary seats in Palestine

• Hamas and Palestinian Authority have divided how to govern Palestine

• It hasn’t really been governed well • Hamas has frequently launched rocket attacks

into Israel • Israel has responded with extremely violent

invasions of Palestinian territory • Both claim the other one started the fights first

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2005

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• Palestinian people have been denied a country in their land for decades despite promises

• They have lived there for thousands of years • Now they are upset that they have to live under

what is basically military occupation via Hamas

• This is true

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Palestine’s Claim

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• Jewish people need their own homeland • Not the first nation-state to consolidate and

increase territory via military victory • Need to have intense military to protect them

from enemies on all sides • It has been their homeland since the ancient era

• All of this is also true

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Israel’s Claim