islamic law (final)
TRANSCRIPT
8/3/2019 Islamic Law (Final)
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A1C Lovelace
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Table of Contents Overview The Iranian Constitution
Article 2
Article 3 Article 6 Article 13
Chapter III: Human Rights Overview Flaw
Violations 2009 Presidential
Elections
Islamic Law: Penal Code حدود ص
Statistics Execution Statistics Stoning Video
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Overview: Basic Facts ا نول رد
دآغز1989
لدر1989
تآ طو خوزد
راط رای آت دن رردد
رددرده درد
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Article 2: Foundation of the
Government Divine revelation and its
fundamental role in setting forththe laws
The return to God in theHereafter
The justice of God in creationand legislation
The exalted dignity and value of man, and his freedom coupled
with responsibility before God;in which equity, justice,political, economic, social, andcultural independence, andnational solidarity are secured…
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Article 3: Goals and Duty Creation of a favorable
environment for the growth of moral virtues based on faith andpiety and the struggle against allforms of vice and corruption
Raising the level of publicawareness in all areas, throughthe proper use of the press, massmedia, and other means
Elimination of all forms of despotism and autocracy and allattempts to monopolize power
Participation of the entirepeople in determining theirpolitical, economic, social, andcultural destiny
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Article 3: Continued Planning of a correct and
just economic system, inaccordance with Islamic
criteria in order to create welfare, eliminate poverty
Securing the multifariousrights of all citizens, both
women and men,
and providing legalprotection for all, as well asthe equality of-all beforethe law
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Article 6: Popular Choice Affairs of the country must
be administered on thebasis of public opinionexpressed by the means of
elections, including theelection of the President,the representatives of theIslamic Consultative
Assembly, and the
members of councils, or by means of referenda inmatters specified in otherarticles of thisConstitution.
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Article 13: Religious Minority Zoroastrian, Jewish, and
Christian Iranians are theonly recognized religious
minorities, who, within thelimits of the law, are free toperform their religiousrites and ceremonies, and
to act according to theirown canon in matters of personal affairs andreligious education.
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Chapter III: Rights of the People The dignity, life, property, rights,
residence, and occupation of theindividual are inviolate, except incases sanctioned by law.
Publications and the press have
freedom of expression except whenit is detrimental to the fundamentalprinciples of Islam or the rights of the public.
The inspection of letters and thefailure to deliver them, therecording and disclosure of
telephone conversations, thedisclosure of telegraphic and telexcommunications, censorship, or the willful failure to transmit them,eavesdropping, and all forms of covert investigation are forbidden,except as provided by law.
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Chapter III: Rights of the People Public gatherings and
marches may be freely held, provided arms arenot carried and that they
are not detrimental to thefundamental principles of Islam.
Everyone has the right tochoose any occupation he
wishes, if it is not contrary to Islam and the publicinterests, and does notinfringe the rights of others.
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Chapter III: The Flaw وان ا ر حوق ر
ارحت دارد
او فر:
حوق ارا ود ار ختچ از ان دوت دا د
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Example: 2009 Presidential
Election ر اس ون ا ،اخت
و رای اثرت ردم ام ود
وود اخت دد ،حوداحدی ژاد رای ر دوم اخب د
رد ،ور م وطواب؟ ظرات ،اب دوت
Is this a violation?
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Islamic Law: Penal Code Definitions
Article 49 protects childrenfrom punishment Addendum 1 provides
definition of children ل15ردان زر
ل9زرزن
Two divisions of punishment : Fixed Punishmentحدود
More generic crimes and a fewreligiously inspired ones
: Retributionص Effectively an ‘eye for an eye’
punishment
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: Fixed Punishmentحود Used for crimes that are
“Claims of God”, andtherefore the responsibility of the government to punish
Originally, these had a very stringent system todetermine if Hudud is thecorrect punishment
Includes crimes such as ل رت ودن ال (disputed by some
schools of thought) ارداد (also disputed)
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: Fixed Punishmentحود Example Punishments
Capital: /ر وب ردن(Robbery w/ homicide)
Capital: ر (Adultery, etc)
پ/طع ضواز دت (Robbery w/o homicide)
ق در م ,ت روا زدن)Drinking Alcohol)
Requirements for حدودpunishment (or doubleر د رد ات
that in women, but one mustbe male)
Confession must be repeated4 times
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: Retributionقاص “Eye for an eye” punishment
Example: A man loses his eyesight from a crime. He may then require that the other lose their eyesight as well.
This style of punishment is a system of weighteddamages
The loss of both eyes is worth a life according to Article
457 of the Islamic Penal Codes
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: Retributionقاص This system by no means is fair, however
و تا ف ،ن یدر ت ن یز د ت.اتاز آناوت ر
3 out of 4 Islamic judicial schools teach that the killingof a non-Muslim is not a capital crime
A father or paternal grandfather killing their child is notconsidered a capital crime, either, although this is notafforded to the wife’s side of the family or to the wifeherself.
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Statistics Execution Statistics
ح ،زاران1979از لل ادام ده18ودک زر
اد
ر رآ2010داد یارادام دن درحل حضر
ر وده ات ،ا ان180
داد ر ات ر388حد ال:2009ل
زا ،تا هد مادا13نز.ودک5و
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Statistics: Stoning ر 150ح1980، از ل
حوم ر ده ات خ م ات ان آر از طرف
تا ن سپ ،دآ نارا تود دق د
Key Facts ادازه د ر زرگ د
حوم را ورا د ،رو. موح تا نآ فد
.وداثر درد و رج حددرج
ار رد رش اراف د و واد رار د ،از رش رئ ود ان حق را زن دد
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Statistics: VideosPlay
Iran VNC Video
Play Stoning Video
Play Sakineh Video
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Sources Cited http://www.iranonline.com/iran/iran-
info/government/constitution-1.html
http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/ir00000_.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_presidential_election,_2009#Alleged_vote_rigging_or_coup_attempt
http://www.iran-
bulletin.org/political_islam/punishmnt.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qisas
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudud
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Sources Cited http://www.crf-usa.org/america-responds-to-
terrorism/the-origins-of-islamic-law.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia
http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ACT50/007/2002/en/a8cbc007-d7c4-11dd-b4cd-01eb52042454/act500072002en.html
http://notonemoreexecution.org/2010/08/24/facts-and-figures-on-stoning-in-iran/
http://iran.elple.net/node/53