The Middle East InstituteGeorge Camp Keiser Library

ISLAMISM AND ISLAMIST MOVEMENTS:

A RESOURCE GUIDE

Jennifer Mitchell and Arshi Saleem Hashmi August 2005

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TABLE OF CONTENTSI. Islamism and Islamist Movements: General Works................................................. 1A. General Works on Islamism, Political Islam and Islamic Fundamentalism................................. 1B. Source Texts: Key Documents and Philosophical Works....................................................... 14II. Islamism in Specific Countries and Regions: Islamic Governments andIslamic Political/Revolutionary/Reform Movements............................................. 22A. Sunni Islamists in the Arab Middle East: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar,Bahrain, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon....................................................................................22B. Shi'ism and the Revolution: General and Regional Works; Iran; Iraq; Lebanon; Pakistan andAfghanistan; Turkey; Gulf States.......................................................................................... 31C. North Africa: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan.......................................................... 48D. Palestinian Islamic Groups / Islamists and the Arab-Israeli Conflict....................................... 53E. Modern Turkey............................................................................................................... 58F. Central Asia and the Caucasus......................................................................................... 61G. Pakistan and Afghanistan.................................................................................................64III. Religious Radicalism, Militancy and Violence.........................................................69A. Militant Islamist Movements and Interpretations of Jihad: General Works...............................69B. Al Qa'ida....................................................................................................................... 73C. Afghanistan and Pakistan: The Mujaheddin, the Taliban, and Islamist Violence....................... 75D. Militant Lebanese and Palestinian Islamic Groups................................................................77E. North Africa and Sudan................................................................................................... 82F. Central Asia and the Caucasus......................................................................................... 84G. Egypt...........................................................................................................................85H. Turkey......................................................................................................................... 88I. Iran ............................................................................................................................. 88J. Iraq ............................................................................................................................. 90K. Gulf States/Arabian Peninsula.......................................................................................... 90L. Syria............................................................................................................................91IV. Political Islam....................................................................................................... 92A. Religion and Politics in the Middle East (Including Iran and Turkey).......................................92B. Religion and Politics in North Africa and Sudan..................................................................103C. Religion and Politics in Central and South Asia.................................................................. 106V. Approaches to the Establishment of Shari'a........................................................ 110VI. Sociocultural Aspects of Islamic Fundamentalism and Islamist Movements........ 115The Islamist Impact on Women.......................................................................... 120Appendix A: Understanding Islam................................................................................ 125General Works on Islam and the Muslim Umma.......................................................... 125The Life of the Prophet Muhammad...........................................................................136The Holy Qur'an and Hadith..................................................................................... 138Appendix B: Islam and Islamism in Countries Outside the MEI Geographical Area....... 143Appendix C: List of Titles by Country............................................................................ 148Appendix D: Alphabetical List of Titles......................................................................... 184

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INTRODUCTIONNote: All of the books in this guide can be found at the MEI George Camp Keiser Library.Islamist movements and ideational trends have been a focus of study for decades, most markedlysince the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran, and even more acutely since September 11, 2001. Thisguide is intended to aid research across a wide range of relevant areas, largely centered around theMiddle East, North Africa, and Central and South Asia.One of the first issues that must be addressed with respect to this topic is a semantic one. "Islamism,""political Islam," "Islamic activism," and "Islamic fundamentalism" are perhaps the more popular termsof reference; all of them are problematic, not least because all represent Western attempts tosuccinctly characterize a complex phenomenon for which there is no single agreed-upon term in theArabic language. We decided to use "Islamism" in this guide due to its more generalized connotationsand its current widespread usage in the public arena.Those interested in the history of Islamic revivalism or in overviews of its current manifestations willfind a large number of works in Section One, many of them suitable as introductions to the subject.Researchers will also find in this section a listing of primary source materials and key philosophicaltexts.The following two sections include works on Islamism in specific countries or regions. Recognizing thatIslamist movements fall into both nonviolent and violent strains, Section Two includes works on abroad spectrum of Islamist activities, while Section Three focuses on militant Islamist groups andactions. Those interested in the evolving concept of jihad will find a number of works in the first partof Section Three.Sections Four, Five and Six deal with the interaction of Islam and Islamist ideology with politics, lawand society in this broad geographic region. Section Six includes a subsection on the impact onwomen.Appendix A includes a broad range of works on the religion of Islam and the Muslim community,including books on the holy texts, the Prophet Muhammad, and the practice of Islam in specific parts ofthe world. We have chosen not to include texts intended for an advanced scholarly audience (thesemay be accessed by searching our catalog electronically) in order to focus on more general resourcesfor those who wish to learn more about the fundamentals of Islam and the global Muslim community.Appendix B lists some works on Islam and Islamism in parts of the world that are not part of MEI'sgeographical focus.Appendix C reiterates the works listed in the main body of the guide but organizes them by country,to assist researchers interested in all aspects within one specific country. Appendix D comprises analphabetical list of all the works included in this guide.

I. ISLAMISM AND ISLAMIST MOVEMENTS: GENERAL WORKSA. General Works on Islamism, Political Islam and Islamic RevivalismAbdel-Malek, Anouar, ed. Contemporary Arab Political Thought. London: Zed Books, 1983. [See selectionsby Muhammad Abduh, Ali Abd al-Razeq, Hassan al-Banna, Abd al-Qader Audah, Sadeq Jalal al-Azm]Abed, Shukri. “Islam and Democracy.” In Democracy, War and Peace in the Middle East, David Garnhamand Mark Tessler, eds. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995.Abootalebi, Ali. “Islam and Democracy.” In Revolutionaries and Reformers: Contemporary IslamistMovements in the Middle East, Barry Rubin, ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.AbuKhalil, As’ad.Bin Laden, Islam and America's New "War on Terrorism." New York: Seven Stories Press, 2002.“The Incoherence of Islamic Fundamentalism: Arab Islamic Thought at the End of the 20th Century.”Middle East Journal, Autumn 1994 (v. 48, no. 4.Abul-Fadl, Mona. Islam and the Middle East: The Aesthetics of a Political Inquiry. Herndon, VA:

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International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1990.Adams, Charles. “Islamic Resurgence: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World.” In Cities of God: Faith,Politics and Pluralism in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Nigel Biggar, et al., eds. New York:Greenwood Press, 1986.El-Affendi, Abdelwahab. Who Needs an Islamic State? London: Grey Seal, 1991.Ahmad, Imad-ad-Dean and Ahmed Yousef, eds. Islam and the West: A Dialog. Springfield, VA: UnitedAssociation for Studies and Research, 1998.Ahmed, Akbar S. Postmodernism and Islam: Predicament and Promise. London: Routledge, 1992.Andersen, Lars Eisler. "Rushdie, Fundamentalism and Politics." In Contrasts and Solutions in the MiddleEast, Ole Hoiris and Sefa Martin Yürükel, eds. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1997.Anderson, Jon. "Internet Islam: New Media of the Islamic Reformation." In Everyday Life in the MuslimMiddle East, Donna Bowen and Evelyn Early, eds. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002.Arberry, A.J., ed. Religion in the Middle East: Three Religions in Concord and Conflict. Volume 2: Islam.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.Arjomand, Said Amir.From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam. London: Macmillan Press, 1984.“Unity and Diversity in Islamic Fundamentalism.” In Fundamentalisms Comprehended, Martin Martyand R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.Ayoob, Mohammed, ed. The Politics of Islamic Reassertion. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.Ayubi, Nazih. Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Arab World. London: Routledge, 1991.Al-Azmeh, Aziz. Islams and Modernities. London: Verso, 1993.Baker, Raymond. “Islam, Democracy and the Arab Future: Contested Islam in the Gulf Crisis.” In The GulfWar and the New World Order, Tareq Y. Ismael and Jacqueline S. Ismael, eds. Gainesville: UniversityPress of Florida, 1994.Beck, George Thompson. The Caliphate Agitation in India (1919-1923) and Its Influence upon British NearEastern Policy. Dissertation, 1952.1Behdad, Sohrab and Farhad Nomani, eds. Islam and Public Policy. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1997.Beinin, Joel and Joe Stork, eds. Political Islam: Essays from Middle East Report. Berkeley: University ofCalifornia Press, 1997.Benard, Cheryl. Civil Democratic Islam: Partners, Resources and Strategies. Santa Monica: RAND, 2003.Ben-Dor, Gabriel. “The Uniqueness of Islamic Fundamentalism.” In Religious Radicalism in the GreaterMiddle East, Bruce Maddy-Weitzman and Efraim Inbar, eds. London: Frank Cass, 1997.Benjamin, Daniel and Steven Simon. The Age of Sacred Terror. New York: Random House, 2002.Berman, Paul. Terror and Liberalism. New York: W.W. Norton, 2003.Bina, Cyrus. “Towards a New World Order: U.S. Hegemony, Client-States and Islamic Alternative.” InIslam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutaliband Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Binder, Leonard. The Ideological Revolution in the Middle East. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1964.Binder, Leonard, ed. Ethnic Conflict and International Politics in the Middle East. Gainesville: UniversityPress of Florida, 1999.Bogle, Emory C. Islam: Origin and Belief. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998.Borthwick, Bruce. “The Islamic Sermon as a Channel of Political Communication.” Middle East Journal,Summer 1967 (v. 21, no. 3).Boulares, Habib. Islam: The Fear and the Hope. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Zed Books, 1990.Brookings Institution. An Agenda for Action: The 2002 Doha Conference on U.S. Relations with the IslamicWorld. Washington, DC: 2002.Brown, L. Carl. Religion and State: The Muslim Approach to Politics. New York: Columbia University Press,2000.Brumberg, Daniel. “Islamic Fundamentalism, Democracy and the Gulf War.” In Islamic Fundamentalisms

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and the Gulf Crisis, James Piscatori, ed. Chicago: The Fundamentalism Project, 1991.Buheiry, Marwan. The Formation and Perception of the Modern Arab World. (edited by Lawrence Conrad)Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989. [See Chapter 5, "Islam and the Foreign Office: An Investigation ofReligious and Political Revival in 1873," and Chapter 7, "Colonial Scholarship and Muslim Revivalismin 1900"]Bulliet, Richard.The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.“Twenty Years of Islamic Politics.” Middle East Journal, Spring 1999 (v. 53, no. 2).Burgat, Francois. "Islamists and the Gulf Crisis." In The Arab World Today, Dan Tschirgi, ed. Boulder:Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1994.Chamieh, Jebran. Traditionalists, Militants and Liberals in Present Islam. Montreal: Research andPublishing House, 1995.Choudhury, G.W. Islam and the Modern Muslim World. London: Scorpion Publishing, 1993.Chubin, Shamram. "A Pan-Islamic Movement – Unity or Fragmentation?" In Islam in a Changing World:Europe and the Middle East, Anders Jerichow and Jorgen Baek Simonsen, eds Surrey: Curzon Press,1997.2Cleveland, William. Islam Against the West: Shakib Arslan and the Campaign for Islamic Nationalism.Austin: University of Texas Press, 1985.Cooper, John, et al., eds. Islam and Modernity: Muslim Intellectuals Respond. London: I.B. Tauris, 2000.Cottam, Richard. "U.S. and Soviet Responses to Islamic Political Militancy." In Neither East Nor West:Iran, the Soviet Union, and the United States, Nikki Keddie and Mark Gasiorowski, eds. New Haven:Yale University, 1990.Cragg, Kenneth. Counsels in Contemporary Islam. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1965.Curtis, Michael, ed. Religion and Politics in the Middle East. Boulder: Westview Press, 1981.Davidson, Lawrence. Islamic Fundamentalism: An Introduction. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2003.Davis, Eric. “The Concept of Revival and the Study of Islam and Politics.” In The Islamic Impulse, BarbaraFreyer Stowasser, ed. Washington, DC: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, 1987.Dawisha, Adeed, ed. Islam in Foreign Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.Dawn, C. Ernest. “Arab Islam in the Modern Age.” Middle East Journal, Autumn 1965 (v. 19, no. 4).Degenhardt, Henry. Political Dissent: An International Guide to Dissident, Extra-Parliamentary, Guerrillaand Illegal Political Movements. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1983.Dekmejian, R. Hrair.“The Anatomy of Islamic Revival: Legitimacy Crisis, Ethnic Conflict and the Search for IslamicAlternatives.” Middle East Journal, Winter 1980 (v. 34, no. 1).Islam in Revolution: Fundamentalism in the Arab World. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1995."Multiple Faces of Islam." In Islam in a Changing World: Europe and the Middle East, Anders Jerichowand Jorgen Baek Simonsen, eds Surrey: Curzon Press, 1997.DeLong-Bas, Natana. Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad. New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 2004.Dessouki, Ali E. Hillal. “The Impact of Islamism on the Arab System.” In The Islamist Dilemma: ThePolitical Role of Islamist Movements in the Contemporary Arab World, Laura Guazzone, ed. Reading:Ithaca Press, 1995.Dessouki, Ali E. Hillal, ed. Islamic Resurgence in the Arab World. New York: Praeger, 1982.Diamond, Larry, et al., eds. Islam and Democracy in the Middle East. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UniversityPress, 2003.Dietl, Wilhelm. Holy War. New York: Macmillan, 1984.Eickelman, Dale."Inside the Islamic Reformation." In Everyday Life in the Muslim Middle East, Donna Bowen andEvelyn Early, eds. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002.“Trans-state Islam and Security.” In Transnational Religion and Fading States, Susanne HoeberRudolph and James Piscatori, eds. Boulder: Westview Press, 1997.

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Eickelman, Dale and Kamran Pasha. “Muslim Societies and Politics: Soviet and U.S. Approaches.” MiddleEast Journal, Autumn 1991 (v. 45, no. 4).Eickelman, Dale and James Piscatori. Muslim Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.Enayat, Hamid. Modern Islamic Political Thought. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1982.3Ende, Werner. “Sunni Polemical Writings on the Shi’a and the Iranian Revolution.” In The IranianRevolution and the Muslim World, David Menashri, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.Esposito, John.Islam: The Straight Path. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.Islam and Politics. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1991.Islamic Revivalism. Washington, DC: American Institute for Islamic Affairs, 1985.The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.Esposito, John L., ed.The Iranian Revolution: Its Global Impact. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.Islam and Development: Religion and Sociopolitical Change. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press,1980.Political Islam: Revolution, Radicalism or Reform? Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.Voices of Resurgent Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.Esposito, John and Francois Burgat, eds. Modernizing Islam: Religion in the Public Sphere in the MiddleEast and Europe. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003.Euben, Roxanne. Enemy in the Mirror: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Limits of Modern Rationalism.Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.El Fadl, Khaled Abou, et al. Islam and the Challenge of Democracy. Princeton: Princeton University Press,2004.Faour, Muhammad. The Arab World after Desert Storm. Washington, DC: USIP Press, 1993. [See Chapter4, "The Decline of Pan-Arabism and the Rise of Islamism"]al-Faruqi, Isma’il Raji. “The Islamic Critique of the Status Quo of Muslim Society.” In The Islamic Impulse,Barbara Freyer Stowasser, ed. Washington, DC: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, 1987.Feldman, Noah. After Jihad: America and the Struggle for Islamic Democracy. New York: Farrar, Strausand Giroux, 2003.Filali-Ansari, Abdou. "Can Modern Rationality Shape a New Religiosity? Mohamed Abed Jabri and theParadox of Islam and Modernity." In Islam and Modernity: Muslim Intellectuals Respond, JohnCooper, et al., eds. London: I.B. Tauris, 2000.Frye, Richard, ed. Islam and the West. The Hague: Mouton and Co., 1956.Fuller, Graham. The Future of Political Islam. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.Fuller, Graham and Ian Lesser. A Sense of Siege: The Geopolitics of Islam and the West. Boulder:Westview Press, 1995.Gareyev, Makhmud. “Russia and the Islamic Factor: Possible Sources of Military Conflicts and TheirPrevention.” In Russian-American Relations: Islamic and Turkic Dimensions in the Volga-Ural Basin,Hafeez Malik, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000.Gerber, Haim. Islam, Guerrilla War and Revolution. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1988.Gerges, Fawaz. America and Political Islam: Clash of Culture or Clash of Interests? Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1999.Ghadbian, Najib. Democratization and the Islamist Challenge in the Arab World. Boulder: Westview Press,1997.Gibb, H.A.R. Modern Trends in Islam. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1947.Green, Jerrold. "Islam, Ideology and Democracy in the Middle East." In Proceedings of the AnnualConference of the British Society for Middle Eastern Societies, 1992.Guazzone, Laura, ed. The Islamist Dilemma: The Political Role of Islamist Movements in theContemporary Arab World. Reading: Ithaca Press, 1995.

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Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck."Islamist Perceptions of US Policy in the Middle East." In The Middle East and the United States: AHistorical and Political Reassessment, David Lesch, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 2003.Islamists and the Challenge of Pluralism. Washington, DC: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies,1995.“Islamists and the ‘Problem of Israel’: The 1967 Awakening.” Middle East Journal, Spring 1992 (v. 46,no. 2).“The Qur’anic Justification for an Islamic Revolution: The View of Sayyid Qutb.” Middle East Journal,Winter 1983 (v. 37, no. 1).Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck and John Esposito, eds. Islam, Gender and Social Change. New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 1998.Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck, John Voll and John Esposito. The Contemporary Islamic Revival: A CriticalSurvey and Bibliography. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.Hafez, Mohammed. Why Muslims Rebel: Repression and Resistance in the Islamic World. Boulder: LynneRienner Publishers, 2003.Haim, Sylvia. "Islam and the Theory of Arab Nationalism." In The Middle East in Transition, WalterLaqueur, ed. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1958.Hakim, Khalifa Abdul. Islam & Communism. Lahore: Institute of Islamic Culture, 1953.Halliday, Fred.Nation and Religion in the Middle East. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2000.“The Politics of the Umma: States and Community in Islamic Movements.” In Shaping the CurrentIslamic Reformation, B.A. Roberson, ed. London: Frank Cass, 2003.Hashmi, Sohail, ed. Islamic Political Ethics: Civil Society, Pluralism and Conflict. Princeton: PrincetonUniversity Press, 2002.El Hassan bin Talal, Prince. To Be a Muslim: Islam, Peace and Democracy. Brighton, UK: Sussex AcademicPress, 2004.Haynes, Jeff. Religion in Third World Politics. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1993.Heilman, Samuel. “The Vision from the Madrasa and Bes Medrash: Some Parallels between Islam andJudaism.” In Fundamentalisms Comprehended, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1995.Helms, Christine. Arabism and Islam: Stateless Nations and Nationless States. Washington, DC: Institutefor National Strategic Studies, 1990.Hibbard, Scott and David Little. Islamic Activism and U.S. Foreign Policy. Washington, DC: U.S. Instituteof Peace Press, 1997.Hippler, Jochen and Andrea Jueg, eds. The Next Threat: Western Perceptions of Islam. London: PlutoPress, 1995.Hiro, Dilip.5Holy Wars: The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism. New York: Routledge, 1989.War Without End: The Rise of Islamist Terrorism and Global Response. London: Routledge, 2002.Hoebink, Michel. Two Halves of the Same Truth: Schacht, Hallaq and the Gate of Ijtihad. Amsterdam:Middle East Research Associates, 1994.Hoffman, Valerie. “Muslim Fundamentalists: Psychosocial Profiles.” In Fundamentalisms Comprehended,Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.Hudson, Michael.“Arab Regimes and Democratization: Responses to the Challenge of Political Islam.” In The IslamistDilemma: The Political Role of Islamist Movements in the Contemporary Arab World, Laura Guazzone,ed. Reading: Ithaca Press, 1995."Islam and Political Development." In Islam and Development: Religion and Sociopolitical Change,John Esposito, ed. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1980.Huff, Toby and Wolfgang Schluchter, eds. Max Weber and Islam. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers,

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1999.Hunter, Shireen. “The Rise of Islamist Movements and the Western Response: Clash of Civilizations orClash of Interests?” In The Islamist Dilemma: The Political Role of Islamist Movements in theContemporary Arab World, Laura Guazzone, ed. Reading: Ithaca Press, 1995.Hunter, Shireen, ed. The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity. Bloomington: IndianaUniversity Press, 1988.Husain, Mir Zohair. "The Ideologization of Islam: Meaning, Manifestations and Causes." In Islam in aChanging World: Europe and the Middle East, Anders Jerichow and Jorgen Baek Simonsen, edsSurrey: Curzon Press, 1997.Hussain, Asaf. Islamic Movements in Egypt, Pakistan and Iran: An Annotated Bibliography. London:Mansell Publishing, 1983.Ibrahim, Saad Eddin. "The Troubled Triangle: Populism, Islam and Civil Society in the Arab World." InIslam in a Changing World: Europe and the Middle East, Anders Jerichow and Jorgen Baek Simonsen,eds Surrey: Curzon Press, 1997.Iqbal, Javid. “Democracy and the Modern Islamic State.” In Voices of Resurgent Islam, John Esposito, ed.New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.Islamic Research Institute. International Islamic Conference. Pakistan: 1968.al-Jabbar, Falih Abd. "The Gulf War and Ideology: The Double-Edged Sword of Islam." In The Gulf Warand the New World Order, Haim Bresheeth and Nira Yuval-Davis, eds. London: Zed Books, 1991.Jadaane, Fahmi. "Notions of the State in Contemporary Arab-Islamic Writings." In The Arab State,Giacomo Luciani, ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.Jansen, Johannes J.G.The Dual Nature of Islamic Fundamentalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997.“Who Needs Fundamentalism?” In Middle Eastern Lectures: Number Three, Moshe Dayan Center forMiddle Eastern and North African Studies, 1999.Jawad, H.A. "Pan-Islamism in the Middle East." In Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the BritishSociety for Middle Eastern Societies, 1992.Jerichow, Anders and Jorgen Baek Simonsen, eds. Islam in a Changing World: Europe and the MiddleEast. Surrey: Curzon Press, 1997.6Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs. Political Islam: U.S. Policy Implications. Washington, DC:1996.Johnson, Nels. "Mass Culture and Islamic Populism." In Mass Culture, Popular Culture and Social Life inthe Middle East, Georg Stauth and Sami Zubaida, eds. Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag, 1987.Juergensmeyer, Mark. “Antifundamentalism.” In Fundamentalisms Comprehended, Martin Marty and R.Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.Karam, Azza, ed. Transnational Political Islam: Religion, Ideology and Power. London: Pluto Press, 2004.Kepel, Gilles.Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002.The Revenge of God: The Resurgence of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in the Modern World.University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1994.The Roots of Radical Islam. London: Saqi, 2005.“Toward a Social Analysis of Islamist Movements.” In Ethnic Conflict and International Politics in theMiddle East, Leonard Binder, ed. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1999.The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.Khan, Qamaruddin.Al-Mawardi's Theory of the State. Lahore: Bazm-I-Iqbal.The Political Thought of Ibn Taymiyah. Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute, 1973.Kielstra, Nico. Fundamentalism: Sect or Mass Movement? Amsterdam: Middle East Research Associates,1990.Kislov, A. and R. Zimenkov. USA and the Islamic World. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1984.Krämer, Gudrun.“Cross-Links and Double Talk? Islamist Movements in the Political Process.” In The Islamist Dilemma:

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Haven: Yale University Press, 2002. [See Part III, "The Islamic Resistance: Mujahidin, Society andthe International System"]67Saikal, Amin. "Iran's Turbulent Neighbour: The Challenge of the Taliban." In Iran at the Crossroads,Global Dialogue, Spring/Summer 2001. Nicosia: 2001.Sayeed, Khalid Bin. “Religion and Nation Building in Pakistan.” Middle East Journal, Summer 1963 (v. 17,no. 2).Shah, Sirdar Ikbal Ali. Afghanistan of the Afghans. London: Octagon Press, 1982. [See especially Chapter12, "Pan-Islamism and Afghanistan"]Shah, Syed Mehtab Ali. "Sectarianism: A Threat to the South Asian Security." In Internal and ExternalDynamics of South Asian Security, Moonis Ahmar, ed. Karachi: Fazleesons, 1998.Shahrani, M. Nazif. "Marxist 'Revolution' and Islamic Resistance in Afghanistan." In Revolutions andRebellions in Afghanistan: Anthropological Perspectives, M. Nazif Shahrani and Robert Canfield, eds.Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1984.Siddiqi, Mohammad Mazharuddin. What Is Islam? Lahore: Maktaba-e-Jama'at-e-Islami, 1947.Smith, Wilfred Cantwell.Modern Islam in India: A Social Analysis. London: Victor Gollancz, 1946.Pakistan as an Islamic State. Lahore: Shaikh Muhammad Ashraf, 1951.Suleri, Ziauddin Ahmad. Whither Pakistan? London: Eastern Publishers, 1940s.Symonds, Richard. The Making of Pakistan. London: Faber and Faber, 1950.Tahir-Kheli, Shirin. "In Search of an Identity: Islam and Pakistan's Foreign Policy." In Islam in ForeignPolicy, Adeed Dawisha, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.Taylor, David. “The Politics of Islam and Islamization in Pakistan.” In Islam in the Political Process, JamesPiscatori, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.Verkaaik, Oskar. Migrants and Militants: Fun and Urban Violence in Pakistan. Princeton: PrincetonUniversity Press, 2004.Weiss, Anita, ed. Islamic Reassertion in Pakistan: The Application of Islamic Laws in a Modern State.Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1986.Zahab, Mariam Abou and Olivier Roy. Islamist Networks: The Afghan-Pakistan Connection. New York:Columbia University Press, 2004.Zakaria, Rafiq. Women and Politics in Islam: The Trial of Benazir Bhutto. New York: New Horizons Press,1990.Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan: At the Crosscurrent of History. Oxford: Oneworld, 2003.68III. RELIGIOUS RADICALISM, MILITANCY AND VIOLENCEA. Militant Islamist Movements and Interpretations of Jihad: General WorksAbedi, Mehdi and Gary Legenhausen, eds. Jihad and Shahadat: Struggle and Martyrdom in Islam: Essaysand Addresses by Mahmud Taleqani, Murtada Mutahhari and Ali Shari'ati. Houston: Institute forResearch and Islamic Studies, 1986.AbuKhalil, As’ad. Bin Laden, Islam and America's New "War on Terrorism." New York: Seven StoriesPress, 2002.Ahmed, Brigadier Gulzar. "Concept of War in Islam." In International Islamic Conference, IslamicResearch Institute. Pakistan: 1968.Akbar, M.J. The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict between Islam and Christianity. London:Routledge, 2002.Anderson, Lisa. “Fulfilling Prophecies: State Policy and Islamist Radicalism.” In Political Islam: Revolution,Radicalism or Reform?, John Esposito, ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.al-Ashmawy, Muhammad Sa’id. Edited by Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban. Against Islamic Extremism: TheWritings of Muhammad Sa’id al-Ashmawy. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998.Benjamin, Daniel and Steven Simon. The Age of Sacred Terror. New York: Random House, 2002.

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Berman, Paul. Terror and Liberalism. New York: W.W. Norton, 2003.Bonner, Michael. Aristocratic Violence and Holy War: Studies in the Jihad and the Arab-Byzantine Frontier.New Haven: American Oriental Society, 1996.Boroumand, Ladan and Roya Boroumand. "Terror, Islam and Democracy." In Islam and Democracy in theMiddle East, Larry Diamond, et al., eds. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.Boulares, Habib. Islam: The Fear and the Hope. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Zed Books, 1990.Brookings Institution. An Agenda for Action: The 2002 Doha Conference on U.S. Relations with the IslamicWorld. Washington, DC: 2002.Chamieh, Jebran. Traditionalists, Militants and Liberals in Present Islam. Montreal: Research andPublishing House, 1995.Chasdi, Richard. Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994-1999. Lanham: LexingtonBooks, 2002.Choueiri, Youssef. “Islamist Movements and Political Power in the Arab World.” In University Lectures inIslamic Studies, Alan Jones, ed. London: Altajir World of Islam Trust, 1997.Clarke, Richard. Against All Enemies: Inside America's War on Terror. New York: Free Press, 2004.Clarke, Richard, et al. Defeating the Jihadists: A Blueprint for Action. New York: Century Foundation,2004.Cohen, Leonard. "Beyond the 'Terror Network': Eastern Europe and the Middle East." In The Decline of theSoviet Union and the Transformation of the Middle East, David Goldberg and Paul Marantz, eds.Boulder: Westview Press, 1994.Cooley, John. Unholy Wars: Afghanistan, America and International Terrorism. London: Pluto Press, 2000.Davidson, Lawrence. Islamic Fundamentalism: An Introduction. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2003.69Davis, Joyce. Martyrs: Innocence, Vengeance and Despair in the Middle East. New York: PalgraveMacmillan, 2003.Degenhardt, Henry. Political Dissent: An International Guide to Dissident, Extra-Parliamentary, Guerrillaand Illegal Political Movements. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1983.Dekmejian, R. Hrair. Islam in Revolution: Fundamentalism in the Arab World. Syracuse: SyracuseUniversity Press, 1995.DeLong-Bas, Natana. Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad. New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 2004.Esposito, John.The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.Faraj, Al-Sayyid. Message to the Arab Soldier. Annotated and translated version of Uyun al Athar fi Fununal Maghazi wa-al-shama'il Wa-al-Siyar/Authentic Chronicle of the Art of Military Expeditions, Behaviorand Campaigns of the Holy Prophet, by Imam Sayyid al-Nas. Cairo: Supreme Council for IslamicAffairs, 1964.Firestone, Reuven. Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.Guazzone, Laura, ed. The Islamist Dilemma: The Political Role of Islamist Movements in theContemporary Arab World. London: Ithaca Press, 1995.Gunaratna, Rohan. Inside Al Qaeda: Global Network of Terror. New York: Columbia University Press,2002.Hafez, Mohammed. Why Muslims Rebel: Repression and Resistance in the Islamic World. Boulder: LynneRienner Publishers, 2003.Halbach, Uwe. "'Holy War' against Czarism: The Links between Sufism and Jihad in the Nineteenth-Century Anticolonial Resistance against Russia." In Muslim Communities Reemerge: HistoricalPerspectives on Nationality, Politics and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia,Edward Allworth, et al., eds. Durham: Duke University Press, 1994.

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Hashmi, Sohail. "Interpreting the Islamic Ethics of War and Peace." In Islamic Political Ethics: CivilSociety, Pluralism and Conflict, Sohail Hashmi, ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.Hiro, Dilip. War Without End: The Rise of Islamist Terrorism and Global Response. London: Routledge,2002.Humphreys, R. Stephen. Between Memory and Desire: The Middle East in a Troubled Age. Berkeley:University of California Press, 1999. [See Chapter 8, "Jihad and the Politics of Salvation"]International Institute for Strategic Studies. The Military Balance. London: Oxford University Press,2003/2004 and 2004/2005. [See essays on international terrorism and lists of non-state armedgroups]Israeli, Raphael. Islamikaze: Manifestations of Islamic Martyrology. London: Frank Cass, 2003.Jansen, G.H. Militant Islam. New York: Harper & Row, 1979.Jansen, Johannes J.G. The Neglected Duty: The Creed of Sadat's Assassins and Islamic Resurgence in theMiddle East. New York: Macmillan, 1986.70Joffe, George. "Iran, the Southern Mediterranean and Europe: Terrorism and Hostages." In Iran and theInternational Community, Anoushiravan Ehteshami and Manshour Varasteh, eds. London: Routledge,1991.Johnson, James T. The Holy War Idea in Western and Islamic Traditions. University Park: Penn StateUniversity Press, 1997.Kelsay, John and James T. Johnson, eds. Just War and Jihad: Historical and Theoretical Perspectives onWar and Peace in Western and Islamic Traditions. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.Kepel, Gilles.Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002.“The Origins and Development of the Jihadist Movement: From Anti-Communism to Terrorism.” AsianAffairs, July 2003 (v. 34, no. 2).The Roots of Radical Islam. London: Saqi, 2005.The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.Khadduri, Majid. War and Peace in the Law of Islam. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1955. [See Book II:The Law of War: The Jihad]Klein, Menachem. "Religious Pragmatism and Political Violence in Jewish and Islamic Fundamentalism." InStudies in Muslim-Jewish Relations, Vol. 1, Ronald Nettler, ed. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood AcademicPublishers, 1993.Kramer, Martin, ed. The Islamism Debate. Tel Aviv: Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and AfricanStudies, 1997.Kurdi, Abdulrahman Abdulkadir. The Islamic State: A Study Based on the Islamic Holy Constitution.London: Mansell Publishing, 1984. [See Chapter 4, "The Concepts of Peace and War in Islam"]Lewis, Bernard. The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror. New York: The Modern Library, 2003.Long, Jerry. Saddam's War of Words: Politics, Religion and the Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait. Austin: Universityof Texas Press, 2004.Maddy-Weitzman, Bruce and Efraim Inbar, eds. Religious Radicalism in the Greater Middle East. London:Frank Cass, 1997.Al-Marzouqi, Ibrahim Abdulla. Human Rights in Islamic Law. Abu Dhabi: 2000. [See Section 2.2, "Al-Jihadand Freedom of Religion and Thought"]Mattox, Henry. Chronology of World Terrorism, 1901-2001. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co, 2004.Merari, Ariel. "The Readiness to Kill and Die: Suicidal Terrorism in the Middle East." In Origins ofTerrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind, Walter Reich, ed. Washington, DC:Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1998.Miller, Judith. God Has Ninety-Nine Names: Reporting from the Middle East. New York: Simon andSchuster, 1996.Mir, Mustansir. "Jihad in Islam." In The Jihad and Its Times, Hadia Dajani-Shakeel and Ronald Messier,

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eds. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1991.Mohaddessin, Mohammad. Islamic Fundamentalism: The New Global Threat. Washington, DC: SevenLocks Press, 1993.Moussalli, Ahmad. Moderate and Radical Islamic Fundamentalism: The Quest for Modernity, Legitimacyand the Islamic State. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1999.71Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, ed. Expectation of the Millennium: Shi'ism in History. Albany: SUNY Press, 1989.[See especially Chapter 3, "Martyrdom," and Chapter 4, "Jihad."]Netanyahu, Benjamin. Fighting Terrorism: How Democracies Can Defeat Domestic and InternationalTerrorists. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1995.Norval, Morgan. Triumph of Disorder: Islamic Fundamentalism, The New Face of War. Bend, OR: SligoPress, 1998.O'Ballance, Edgar. Islamic Fundamentalist Terrorism, 1979-95: The Iranian Connection. New York: NewYork University Press, 1997.Palmer, Monte and Princess Palmer. At the Heart of Terror: Islam, Jihadists and America's War onTerrorism. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004.Peters, Rudolph. Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam: A Reader. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers,1996.Pintak, Lawrence. Seeds of Hate: How America's Flawed Middle East Policy Ignited the Jihad. London:Pluto Press, 2003. [Section I-III on Lebanon]Rapoport, David. “Comparing Militant Fundamentalist Movements and Groups.” In Fundamentalisms andthe State: Remaking Polities, Economies and Militance, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.Reeve, Simon. The New Jackals: Ramzi Yousef, Osama bin Laden and the Future of Terrorism. Boston:Northeastern University Press, 1999.Rogers, Paul. A War on Terror: Afghanistan and After. London: Pluto Press, 2004.Rouleau, Eric. "Trouble in the Kingdom." In The Middle East in Crisis, Council on Foreign Relations. NewYork: 2002. [originally appeared in Foreign Affairs, July/August 2002]Roy, Olivier. Globalized Islam: The Search for a New Ummah. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.Rubin, Barry, ed. Revolutionaries and Reformers: Contemporary Islamist Movements in the Middle East.Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.Sachedina, Abdulaziz. “Activist Shi’ism in Iran, Iraq and Lebanon.” In Fundamentalisms Observed, MartinMarty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.Sageman, Marc. Understanding Terror Networks. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.Satha-Anand, Chaiwat. "The Nonviolent Crescent: Eight Theses on Muslim Nonviolent Action." In ArabNonviolent Political Struggle in the Middle East, Ralph Crow, et al., ed. Boulder: Lynne RiennerPublishers, 1990.Schanzer, Jonathan. Al-Qaeda's Armies: Middle East Affiliate Groups and the Next Generation of Terror.Washington, DC: Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2005.Shadid, Anthony. Legacy of the Prophet: Despots, Democrats and the New Politics of Islam. Boulder:Westview Press, 2001.Siddiqui, Kalim, ed.Issues in the Islamic Movement, 1981-82 (1401-1402). London: Open Press, 1982.Issues in the Islamic Movement, 1984-85. London: Open Press, 1987.Sivan, Emmanuel and Menachem Friedman, eds. Religious Radicalism and Politics in the Middle East.Albany: SUNY Press, 1990.72Taheri, Amir. Holy Terror: Inside the World of Islamic Terrorism. Bethesda: Adler & Adler, 1987.Tibi, Bassam. "War and Peace in Islam." In Islamic Political Ethics: Civil Society, Pluralism and Conflict,Sohail Hashmi, ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.U.S. Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism. Washington, DC: 1987, 1992, 2000.U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Europe and the MiddleEast. Islamic Fundamentalism and Islamic Radicalism. Hearings: June 24, July 15, September 30,

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1985.U.S. Institute of Peace. Islamic Extremists: How Do They Mobilize Support? Washington, DC: 2002.Vahide, Şükran. "Said Nursi's Interpretation of Jihad." In Islam at the Crossroads: On the Life andThought of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi, Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi, ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.Vaux, Kenneth. Ethics and the Gulf War: Religion, Rhetoric and Righteousness. Boulder: Westview Press,1992. [See Chapter 4, "Islam, Jihad and Iraq's Holy War"]Vikor, Knut. "A Sanusi Treatise on Jihad." In Proceedings of the 1991 International Conference on MiddleEastern Studies, British Society for Middle East Studies. London: SOAS, 1991.Voll, John.“Fundamentalism in the Sunni Arab World: Egypt and the Sudan.” In Fundamentalisms Observed,Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.“Relations Among Islamist Groups.” In Political Islam: Revolution, Radicalism or Reform?, JohnEsposito, ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.Washington Institute for Near East Policy. War on Terror: The Middle East Dimension. Washington, DC:2002.Weinberg, Leonard and Ami Pedahzur, eds. Religious Fundamentalism and Political Extremism. London:Frank Cass, 2004.Whittaker, David. The Terrorism Reader. London: Routledge, 2003.Youssef, Michael. Revolt Against Modernity: Muslim Zealots and the West. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1985.Zahra, Muhammad Abu. Concept of War in Islam. Cairo: Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs, 1961.B. Al Qa’idaAbuKhalil, As’ad. Bin Laden, Islam and America's New "War on Terrorism." New York: Seven StoriesPress, 2002.Abuza, Zachary. Militant Islam in Southeast Asia: Crucible of Terror. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2003.Anonymous. Through Our Enemies' Eyes: Osama bin Laden, Radical Islam and the Future of America.Washington, DC: Brassey's, 2002.Benjamin, Daniel and Steven Simon. The Age of Sacred Terror. New York: Random House, 2002.Bergen, Peter. Holy War, Inc.: Inside the Secret World of Osama bin Laden. New York: The Free Press,2002.Bodansky, Yossef. Bin Laden: The Man Who Declared War on America. Roseville, CA: Prima Publishing,2001.73Clarke, Richard. Against All Enemies: Inside America's War on Terror. New York: Free Press, 2004.Coll, Steve. Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan and bin Laden, from the SovietInvasion to September 10, 2001. New York: Penguin Press, 2004.Cooley, John. Unholy Wars: Afghanistan, America and International Terrorism. London: Pluto Press, 2000.Ehrenfeld, Rachel. Funding Evil: How Terrorism Is Financed – And How to Stop It. Chicago: Bonus Books,2003.Fandy, Mamoun. Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. [Seeespecially Chapter 6, "Usama bin Laden and the Advice and Reform Committee"]Gray, John. Al Qaeda and What It Means to be Modern. New York: New Press, 2003.Griffin, Michael. Reaping the Whirlwind: Afghanistan, al Qa’ida and the Holy War. London: Pluto Press,2003.Gunaratna, Rohan. Inside Al Qaeda: Global Network of Terror. New York: Columbia University Press,2002.Halliday, Fred. “The Politics of the Umma: States and Community in Islamic Movements.” In Shaping theCurrent Islamic Reformation, B.A. Roberson, ed. London: Frank Cass, 2003.Hiro, Dilip. War Without End: The Rise of Islamist Terrorism and Global Response. London: Routledge,2002.International Crisis Group. Bin Laden and the Balkans: The Politics of Anti-Terrorism. Brussels: 2001.Jacquard, Roland. In the Name of Osama bin Laden: Global Terrorism and the Bin Laden Brotherhood.

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Islamic Social Welfare Activism in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: A Legitimate Target?Amman/Brussels: 2003.Old Games, New Rules: Conflict on the Israel-Lebanon Border. Amman/Brussels: 2002.Syria Under Bashar: Foreign Policy Challenges. Amman/Brussels: 2004.Jaber, Hala. Hezbollah: Born with a Vengeance. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997.Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies. Foreign Hostages in Lebanon. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University, 1988.al Jarbawi, Ali. "The Position of Palestinian Islamists on the Palestine-Israel Accord." In The Muslim World,January-April 1994 (v. 83, no. 1-2).Jorisch, Ari. "Hizballah's Vision of the Lebanon-Israel Border." In Peacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology2002, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 2003.Karmon, Ely. "Fight on All Fronts": Hizballah, the War on Terror, and the War in Iraq. Washington:Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2003.Kass, Ilana and Bard O’Neill. The Deadly Embrace: The Impact of Israeli and Palestinian Rejectionism onthe Peace Process. Fairfax, VA: National Institute for Public Policy, 1997.79Kaufman, Asher. The Shebaa Farms: A Case Study of Border Dynamics in the Middle East. Jerusalem:Hebrew University, 2002."A 'Kinder, Gentler' Hamas? Hamas Leaders on the Record." In Peacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology 1997,Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 1998.Klein, Menachem. “Competing Brothers: The Web of Hamas-PLO Relations.” In Religious Radicalism in theGreater Middle East, Bruce Maddy-Weitzman and Efraim Inbar, eds. London: Frank Cass, 1997.Kramer, Martin.“Hizbullah: The Calculus of Jihad.” In Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities, Economiesand Militance, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.The Moral Logic of Hizballah. Tel Aviv: Moshe Dayan Center, 1987.“Redeeming Jerusalem: The Pan-Islamic Premise of Hizballah.” In The Iranian Revolution and theMuslim World, David Menashri, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.Legrain, Jean-Francois.“A Defining Moment: Palestinian Islamic Fundamentalism.” In Islamic Fundamentalisms and the GulfCrisis, James Piscatori, ed. Chicago: The Fundamentalism Project, 1991.“HAMAS: Legitimate Heir of Palestinian Nationalism?” In Political Islam: Revolution, Radicalism orReform?, John Esposito, ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.“Palestinian Islamisms: Patriotism as a Condition of Their Expansion.” In Accounting forFundamentalisms: The Dynamic Character of Movements, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.Levitt, Matthew."Hamas: Toward a Lebanese-Style War of Attrition?" In Peacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology 2002,Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 2003."Palestinian Islamic Jihad: Getting By with a Little Help from Its Friends." In Peacewatch/Policywatch:Anthology 2002, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 2003.Luft, Gal. "The Palestinian H-Bomb: Terror's Winning Strategy." In The Middle East in Crisis, Council onForeign Relations. New York: 2002. [originally appeared in Foreign Affairs, July/August 2002]Mann, Hillary. "Iranian Links to International Terrorism: The Khatami Era." In Peacewatch/Policywatch:Anthology 1998, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 1999.Mishal, Shaul."How Hamas Thinks." In The Middle East Peace Process: Vision Versus Reality, Joseph Ginat, et al.,eds. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2002."Intifada Discourse: The Hamas and UNL Leaflets." In The PLO and Israel: From Armed Conflict toPolitical Solution, 1964-1994, Avraham Sela and Moshe Ma'oz, eds. New York: St. Martin's Press,1997.Mishal, Shaul and Reuben Aharoni. Speaking Stones: Communiques from the Intifada Underground.Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1994. [See Part II, "Leaflets of the Islamic Resistance

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Sankari, Jamal. Fadlallah: The Making of a Radical Shi'ite Leader. London: Saqi, 2005.Sayigh, Rosemary. Too Many Enemies: The Palestinian Experience in Lebanon. London: Zed Books, 1994.[See especially Chapter 7, "Amal Movement and the Shi'i Awakening"]81Schenker, David."Arafat vs the 'Terrorist Infrastructure': A Status Report." In Peacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology1998, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 1999."Islamists and the State: Developments in Jordan and the Palestinian Authority." InPeacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology 1999, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington,DC: 2000.Schiff, Ze'ev and Ehud Ya'ari. Intifada. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990. [See Chapter 8, "TheIslamic Resistance Movement"]"Statement by Ten Palestinian Opposition Factions, October 9, 1993." In Peacewatch: The Arab-IsraeliPeace Process and US Policy: Documents and Analysis, January 1993-March 1994, WashingtonInstitute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 1994. [Includes Hamas, Islamic Jihad]U.S. Department of Defense. Report of the DOD Commission on Beirut International Airport Terrorist Act,October 23, 1983. December 20, 1983.U.S. Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism. Washington, DC: 1987, 1992, 2000.U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on International Relations. Syria: Peace Partner or RogueRegime? Hearing: July 25, 1996.U.S. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Terrorism and the Middle East Peace Process. Hearing:March 19, 1996.Usher, Graham.Palestine in Crisis: The Struggle for Peace and Political Independence after Oslo. London: Pluto Press,1995. [See especially Chapter 3, "The Islamist Challenge"]“What Kind of Nation? The Rise of Hamas in the Occupied Territories.” In Political Islam: Essays fromMiddle East Report, Joel Beinin and Joe Stork, eds. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.Victor, Barbara. Army of Roses: Inside the World of Palestinian Women Suicide Bombers. New York: St.Martin's Press, 2003.Wallach, John and Janet Wallach. The New Palestinians: The Emerging Generation of Leaders. Rocklin,CA: Prima Publishing, 1992. [See Chapter 9 on Abdul Aziz Rantisi]Washington Institute for Near East Policy. The Last Arab-Israeli Battlefield? Implications of an IsraeliWithdrawal from Lebanon. Washington, DC: 2000. [See especially Chapter 1, "Hizballah's Responseto an Israeli Withdrawal from Southern Lebanon"]Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Peacewatch: The Arab-Israeli Peace Process and US Policy:Documents and Analysis, January 1993-March 1994. Washington, DC: 1994. [See especially "TheHamas Deportation Crisis" and "Trouble in Lebanon: Operation Accountability"]Wills, David. The First War on Terrorism: Counter-Terrorism Policy during the Reagan Administration.Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003. [See Chapters 3 and 4 on Beirut and TWA 847]Zisser, Eyal.“Hizballah: Between Armed Struggle and Domestic Politics.” In Revolutionaries and Reformers:Contemporary Islamist Movements in the Middle East, Barry Rubin, ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.“Hizballah in Lebanon: At the Crossroads.” In Religious Radicalism in the Greater Middle East, BruceMaddy-Weitzman and Efraim Inbar, eds. London: Frank Cass, 1997.E. North Africa and SudanBurgat, Francois and William Dowell. The Islamic Movement in North Africa. Austin: Center for MiddleEastern Studies, 1997.82Chasdi, Richard. Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994-1999. Lanham: LexingtonBooks, 2002. [See Chapter 3 on Algeria]Deeb, Marius. “Militant Islam and Its Critics: The Case of Libya.” In Islamism and Secularism in NorthAfrica, John Ruedy, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Deeb, Mary-Jane. "Militant Islam and the State in North Africa." In The Middle East Enters the 21stCentury, Robert O. Freedman, ed. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002.

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Dunn, Michael Collins. “The Al-Nahda Movement in Tunisia: From Renaissance to Revolution.” In Islamismand Secularism in North Africa, John Ruedy, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Hafez, Mohammed.“Armed Islamist Movements and Political Violence in Algeria.” Middle East Journal, Autumn 2000 (v.54, no. 4)."From Marginalization to Massacres: A Political Process Explanation of GIA Violence in Algeria." InIslamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach, Quintan Wiktorowicz, ed. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 2004.Why Muslims Rebel: Repression and Resistance in the Islamic World. Boulder: Lynne RiennerPublishers, 2003.Holt, P.M. The Mahdist State in the Sudan: 1881-1898. London: Oxford University Press, 1958.Hunter, Shireen. The Algerian Crisis: Origin, Evolution and Lessons for the Maghreb and Europe. Brussels:Centre for European Policy Studies, 1996.Ibrahim, Saad Eddin. Egypt, Islam and Democracy: Critical Essays. Cairo: American University in CairoPress, 2002.Joffé, George. "Maghribi Islam and Islam in the Maghrib: The Eternal Dichotomy." In African Islam andIslam in Africa: Encounters between Sufis and Islamists, Eva Evers Rosander and David Westerlund,eds. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1997.Labat, Severine. “Islamism and Islamists: The Emergence of New Types of Politico-Religious Militants.” InIslamism and Secularism in North Africa, John Ruedy, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.[Algeria]Layachi, Azzedine. "Islamism in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia and the Struggle for Change." In The Arab-African and Islamic Worlds, R. Kevin Lacey and Ralph Coury, eds. New York: Peter Lang, 2000.Maddy-Weitzman, Bruce and Meir Litvak. “Islamism and the State in North Africa.” In Revolutionaries andReformers: Contemporary Islamist Movements in the Middle East, Barry Rubin, ed. Albany: SUNYPress, 2003.Malley, Robert. The Call from Algeria: Third Worldism, Revolution and the Turn to Islam. Berkeley:University of California Press, 1996.Martinez, Luis. The Algerian Civil War 1990-1998. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.Mortimer, Robert. “Islamists, Soldiers and Democrats: The Second Algerian War.” Middle East Journal,Winter 1996 (v. 50, no. 1).Munson, Jr., Henry. “The Social Base of Islamic Militancy in Morocco.” Middle East Journal, Spring 1986(v. 40, no. 2).Petterson, Don. Inside Sudan: Political Islam, Conflict and Catastrophe. Boulder: Westview Press, 2003.83Pierre, Andrew and William Quandt. The Algerian Crisis: Policy Options for the West. Washington, DC:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1996.Roberts, Hugh. “From Radical Mission to Equivocal Ambition: The Expansion and Manipulation of AlgerianIslamism.” In Accounting for Fundamentalisms: The Dynamic Character of Movements, Martin Martyand R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.Schanzer, Jonathan. "Algeria's GSPC and America's War on Terror." In Peacewatch/Policywatch:Anthology 2002, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 2003.Shah-Kazemi, Reza, ed. Algeria: Revolution Revisited. London: Islamic World Report, 1997.Sidahmed, Abdel Salam. "The Unholy War: Jihad and the Conflict in Sudan." In Religion and Conflict inSudan, Yusuf Fadl Hasan and Richard Gray, eds. Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa, 2002.Sifaoui, Mohamed. Inside Al Qaeda: How I Infiltrated the World's Deadliest Terrorist Organization. NewYork: Thunder's Mouth Press, 2004.Stone, Martin. The Agony of Algeria. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997.U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on Africa.The Crisis in Algeria. Hearing: March 22, 1994.

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Terrorism in Algeria: Its Effect on the Country's Political Scenario, on Regional Stability, and onGlobal Security. Hearing: October 11, 1995.The Threat of Islamic Extremism in Africa. Hearing: April 6, 1995.Warburg, Gabriel.Islam, Sectarianism and Politics in Sudan since the Mahdiyya. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,2003.“Turabi of the Sudan: Soft-Spoken Revolutionary.” In Middle Eastern Lectures: Number One, MosheDayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, 1995.Willis, Michael. "Islamism in Algeria: The Politics of Inclusion and Exclusion." In The Arab-African andIslamic Worlds, R. Kevin Lacey and Ralph Coury, eds. New York: Peter Lang, 2000.Yacoubian, Mona. Algeria’s Struggle for Democracy. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1997.F. Central Asia and the CaucasusAlaolmolki, Nozar. Life After the Soviet Union: The Newly Independent Republics of Transcaucasus andCentral Asia. Albany: SUNY Press, 2001.Atkin, Muriel. “The Politics of Polarization in Tajikistan.” In Central Asia: Its Strategic Importance andFuture Prospects, Hafeez Malik, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Blandy, C.W. Pankisskoye Gorge: Residents, Refugees and Fighters. Surrey, UK: Conflict Studies ResearchCentre, 2002.Bohr, Annette. Uzbekistan: Politics and Foreign Policy. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs,1998. [See Chapter 5, "The Politics of 'Islamophobia'"]Broxup, Marie. "Soviet Perception of Militant Islam." In Domestic Determinants of Soviet Foreign Policytowards South Asia and the Middle East, Hafeez Malik, ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.Bryan, Fanny. "Internationalism, Nationalism and Islam." In The North Caucasus Barrier: The RussianAdvance towards the Muslim World, Marie Broxup, ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.Human Rights Watch.84Creating Enemies of the State: Religious Persecution in Uzbekistan. New York: 2004.From House to House: Abuses by Mahalla Committees. New York: 2003. [See especially section on"Religious Persecution"]International Crisis Group.Is Radical Islam Inevitable in Central Asia? Priorities for Engagement. Osh/Brussels: 2003.Radical Islam in Central Asia: Responding to Hizb Ut-Tahrir. Osh/Brussels: 2003.Karimov, Islam. Uzbekistan on the Threshold of the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge, MA: 1998. [SeeChapter 2, "Religious Extremism and Fundamentalism"]Malashenko, Alexei. "Islam in Central Asia." In Central Asian Security: The New International Context,Roy Allison and Lena Jonson, eds. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2001.Rashid, Ahmed. Jihad: The Rise of Militant Islam in Central Asia. New York: Penguin, 2003.Trenin, Dmitri and Aleksei Malashenko. Russia's Restless Frontier: The Chechnya Factor in Post-SovietRussia. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2004. [See especially Chapter4, "The Islamic Factor"]Tursunov, Bakhram. Extremism in Uzbekistan. Surrey: Conflict Studies Research Centre, 2002.G. EgyptSee also historical works listed in Section IA.Ajami, Fouad. “In the Pharaoh’s Shadow: Religion and Authority in Egypt.” In Islam in the PoliticalProcess, James Piscatori, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.Akhavi, Shahrough. "The Impact of the Iranian Revolution on Egypt." In The Iranian Revolution: ItsGlobal Impact, John Esposito, ed. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.Alterman, Jon. "The Luxor Shootout and Egypt's Armed Islamist Opposition." In Peacewatch/Policywatch:Anthology 1997, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 1998.Ansari, Hamied. Egypt: The Stalled Society. Albany: SUNY Press, 1986. [See Chapter 10, "The PoliticalExpediency of Religion"]Auda, Gehad.“The ‘Normalization’ of the Islamic Movement in Egypt from the 1970s to the Early 1990s.” InAccounting for Fundamentalisms: The Dynamic Character of Movements, Martin Marty and R. Scott

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Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.“An Uncertain Response: The Islamic Movement in Egypt.” In Islamic Fundamentalisms and the GulfCrisis, James Piscatori, ed. Chicago: The Fundamentalism Project, 1991.Baker, Raymond William. Sadat and After: Struggles for Egypt's Political Soul. Cambridge: HarvardUniversity Press, 1990. [See especially Chapter 8, "Return to the Future: The Muslim Brothers"]Beitler, Ruth and Cindy Jebb. Egypt as a Failing State: Implications for US National Security. Colorado:USAF Institute for National Security Studies, 2003.Carré, Olivier. "From Banna to Qutb and 'Qutbism': The Radicalization of Fundamentalist Thought UnderThree Regimes." In Egypt from Monarchy to Republic: A Reassessment of Revolution and Change,Shimon Shamir, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.Chasdi, Richard. Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994-1999. Lanham: LexingtonBooks, 2002. [See Chapter 4 on Egypt]Davis, Eric.85"Ideology, Social Class and Islamic Radicalism in Modern Egypt." In From Nationalism toRevolutionary Islam, Said Amir Arjomand, ed. London: Macmillan Press, 1984.“Religion against the State: A Political Economy of Religious Radicalism in Egypt and Israel.” InReligious Resurgence: Contemporary Cases in Islam, Christianity and Judaism, Richard Antoun andMary Elaine Hegland, eds. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1987.Dekmejian, R. Hrair. "Resurgent Islam and the Egyptian State." In The Middle East and North Africa,Reeva Simon, ed. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.Donohue, John. "Egyptian Reactions to Religious Extremism Among Youth." In Redefining Community inthe Middle East: Old Answers to New Problems, Center for the Study of the Modern Arab World.Beirut: Dar El-Machreq Publishers, 1981. [includes six al-Ahram articles, translated into English, andlists 92 relevant articles from Egyptian press]Egypt. Ministry of Awqaf. "Guidance of Islam: Excerpts from the Pamphlet 'Firebrands from the Guidanceof Islam'." In Arab Culture: Religious Identity and Radical Perspectives, Center for the Study of theModern Arab World. Beirut: Dar El-Mashreq Publishers, 1977.Esposito, John. "The Islamic Factor." In Egypt at the Crossroads: Domestic Stability and Regional Role,Phebe Marr, ed. Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 1999.Fandy, Mamoun. “Egypt’s Islamic Group: Regional Revenge?” Middle East Journal, Autumn 1994 (v. 48,no. 4).Gerges, Fawaz. “The End of the Islamist Insurgency in Egypt? Costs and Prospects.” Middle East Journal,Autumn 2000 (v. 54, no. 4).Gerholm, Tomas. "The Islamization of Contemporary Egypt." In African Islam and Islam in Africa:Encounters between Sufis and Islamists, Eva Evers Rosander and David Westerlund, eds. Athens,OH: Ohio University Press, 1997.Goldberg, Ellis. "Smashing Idols and the State: The Protestant Ethic and Egyptian Sunni Radicalism." InComparing Muslim Societies: Knowledge and the State in a World Civilization, Juan Cole, ed. AnnArbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992.Guenena, Nemat. The "Jihad": An "Islamic Alternative" in Egypt. Cairo: American University in CairoPress, 1986.Hafez, Mohammed. Why Muslims Rebel: Repression and Resistance in the Islamic World. Boulder: LynneRienner Publishers, 2003.Hafez, Mohammed M. and Quintan Wiktorowicz. "Violence as Contention in the Egyptian IslamicMovement." In Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach, Quintan Wiktorowicz, ed.Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004.al-Haqq, Shaikh Jadd al-Haqq Ali Jadd. "The Mufti's Reply to the Book, The Absent Obligation." InRedefining Community in the Middle East: Old Answers to New Problems, Center for the Study of theModern Arab World. Beirut: Dar El-Machreq Publishers, 1981. [Egyptian ulama response to Faraj'sbook, originally published in al-Ahram, August 1981]Harris, Christina P. Nationalism and Revolution in Egypt: The Role of the Muslim Brotherhood. The Hague:

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Mouton & Co., 1964.Heyworth-Dunne, J. Religious and Political Trends in Modern Egypt. Washington, DC: 1950. [MuslimBrotherhood]Husaini, Ishak Musa. The Moslem Brethren: The Greatest of Modern Islamic Movements. Beirut: Khayat’s,1956.86Ibrahim, Saad Eddin."The Changing Face of Egypt's Islamic Activism." In Egypt at the Crossroads: Domestic Stability andRegional Role, Phebe Marr, ed. Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 1999.“Islamic Militancy as a Social Movement: The Case of Two Groups in Egypt.” In Islamic Resurgence inthe Arab World, Ali E. Hillal Dessouki, ed. New York: Praeger, 1982.Jansen, Johannes J.G. The Neglected Duty: The Creed of Sadat's Assassins and Islamic Resurgence in theMiddle East. New York: Macmillan, 1986.Kepel, Gilles.Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.The Roots of Radical Islam. London: Saqi, 2005.Lazarus-Yafeh, Hava. "Continuity and Innovation in Egyptian Islam: The 'Ulama vis-à-vis the Militants." InEgypt from Monarchy to Republic: A Reassessment of Revolution and Change, Shimon Shamir, ed.Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.Lippman, Thomas W. Egypt after Nasser: Sadat, Peace and the Mirage of Prosperity. New York: ParagonHouse, 1989. [See especially Chapter 9, "Islam and the State"]Martin, Maurice and Rose Marie Massad. "Al-Takfir wal-Hijrah: A Study in Sectarian Protest." In ArabCulture: Religious Identity and Radical Perspectives, Center for the Study of the Modern Arab World.Beirut: Dar El-Mashreq Publishers, 1977.Mitchell, Richard. The Society of the Muslim Brothers. London: Oxford University Press, 1969.Murphy, Caryle. Passion for Islam: Shaping the Modern Middle East: The Egyptian Experience. New York:Scribner, 2002.Mustafa, Hala. “The Islamist Movements under Mubarak.” In The Islamist Dilemma: The Political Role ofIslamist Movements in the Contemporary Arab World, Laura Guazzone, ed. Reading: Ithaca Press,1995.Podeh, Elie. “Egypt’s Struggle against the Militant Islamic Groups.” In Religious Radicalism in the GreaterMiddle East, Bruce Maddy-Weitzman and Efraim Inbar, eds. London: Frank Cass, 1997.Ramadan, Abdel Azim. “Fundamentalist Influence in Egypt: The Strategies of the Muslim Brotherhood andthe Takfir Groups.” In Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities, Economies and Militance,Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.Rapoport, David. "Sacred Terror: A Contemporary Example from Islam." In Origins of Terrorism:Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind, Walter Reich, ed. Washington, DC: WoodrowWilson Center Press, 1998.Rejwan, Nissim. Arabs Face the Modern World: Religious, Cultural and Political Responses to the West.Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998.Rubin, Barry. Islamic Fundamentalism in Egyptian Politics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.Safran, Nadav. Egypt in Search of Political Community. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1961.Vogt, Kari. "Militant Islam in Egypt." In Egypt Under Pressure, Scandinavian Institute of African Studies.Uppsala: 1986.Al-Zayyat, Montasser. The Road to Al-Qaeda: The Story of Bin Laden's Right-Hand Man. London: PlutoPress, 2004.87Zeidan, David. “Radical Islam in Egypt: A Comparison of Two Groups [Takfir wal-Hijra and Jama’at al-Jihad].” In Revolutionaries and Reformers: Contemporary Islamist Movements in the Middle East,Barry Rubin, ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.

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H. TurkeyAkinci, Ugur. “The Welfare Party’s Municipal Track Record: Evaluating Islamist Municipal Activism inTurkey.” Middle East Journal, Spring 1999 (v. 53, no. 2).Chasdi, Richard. Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994-1999. Lanham: LexingtonBooks, 2002. [See Chapter 5 on Turkey]Karmon, Ely. “Radical Islamist Movements in Turkey.” In Revolutionaries and Reformers: ContemporaryIslamist Movements in the Middle East, Barry Rubin, ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.Olson, Robert. Turkey's Relations with Iran, Syria, Israel and Russia, 1991-2000: The Kurdish andIslamist Questions. Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda Publishers, 2001. [See especially Chapter 2, "Turkey-IranRelations, 1997-2000: The Kurdish and Islamist Questions]I. IranAbrahamian, Ervand. Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. London: Tauris, 1989.Arjomand, Said Amir.The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.“A Victory for the Pragmatists: The Islamic Fundamentalist Reaction in Iran.” In IslamicFundamentalisms and the Gulf Crisis, James Piscatori, ed. Chicago: The Fundamentalism Project,1991.Association of Committed Professors of Iranian Universities. Facts and Myths on the People's Mojahedin ofIran: Examples of the Lies, Distortions and Fabrications in Ervand Abrahamian's "The IranianMojahedin." 1990.Bill, James A. “Power and Religion in Revolutionary Iran.” Middle East Journal, Winter 1982 (v. 36, no. 1).Boroujerdi, Mehrzad. Iranian Intellectuals and the West: The Tormented Triumph of Nativism. Syracuse:Syracuse University Press, 1996. [See especially "Mojahedin-e Khalq: The Religious Militants"]Buchta, Wilfried. Who Rules Iran? The Structure of Power in the Islamic Republic. Washington, DC:Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2000.Chubin, Shahram. Iran and Its Neighbours: The Impact of the Gulf War. London: Centre for Security andConflict Studies, 1987. [See "The Shi'ite Dimension"]Cordesman, Anthony and Ahmed Hashim. Iran: Dilemmas of Dual Containment. Boulder: Westview Press,1997. [See Chapter 7, "Iran's Support of Terrorism and Extremism in Other States"]Ehteshami, Anoushiravan and Raymond Hinnebusch. Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a PenetratedRegional System. London: Routledge, 1997. [See Chapter 6, "The Shi'a and the Struggle forLebanon"]Eisenstadt, Michael. "The Long Shadow of Khobar Towers: Dilemmas for the United States and Iran." InPeacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology 1999, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington,DC: 2000.Farvar, M. Taghi. Aspects of the Iranian Revolution. Tokyo: United Nations University, 1980. [See Part V,"The Conflicting Forces in Iran Today"]88Hunter, Shireen. Iran and the World: Continuity in a Revolutionary Decade. Bloomington: IndianaUniversity Press, 1990. [See especially Chapter 12, "Terrorism and Subversion"]Islamic Revolution. Falls Church, VA: 1979-1982 (v. 1-4).Joffe, George. "Iran, the Southern Mediterranean and Europe: Terrorism and Hostages." In Iran and theInternational Community, Anoushiravan Ehteshami and Manshour Varasteh, eds. London: Routledge,1991.Kazemi, Farhad. "The Fada'iyan-e Islam: Fanaticism, Politics and Terror." In From Nationalism toRevolutionary Islam, Said Amir Arjomand, ed. London: Macmillan Press, 1984.Keddie, Nikki and Farah Monian. “Militancy and Religion in Contemporary Iran.” In Fundamentalisms andthe State: Remaking Polities, Economies and Militance, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.Levitt, Matthew. "New Arenas for Iranian-Sponsored Terrorism." In Peacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology2002, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 2003.

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Mann, Hillary. "Iranian Links to International Terrorism: The Khatami Era." In Peacewatch/Policywatch:Anthology 1998, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington, DC: 1999.Middle East Institute. Iranian Islamic Clergy: Governmental Politics and Theocracy. Washington, DC:1984.National Council of Resistance of Iran.Appeasing Tehran's Mullahs: US Policy on Iran's Resistance Under Scrutiny. 1994.Democracy Betrayed: A Response to U.S. State Department Report on the Mojahedin and the IranianResistance. 1995.Global Support for the Peace Plan of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. 1986.Khomeini: The Enemy of Peace and Freedom. 1986.Norton, Augustus Richard. "Lebanon: The Internal Conflict and the Iranian Connection." In The IranianRevolution: Its Global Impact, John Esposito, ed. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.O'Ballance, Edgar. Islamic Fundamentalist Terrorism, 1979-95: The Iranian Connection. New York: NewYork University Press, 1997.Organization of Iranian Moslem Students. The Rise (English Defense Publication) and Leaflets in English.Wilmette, IL: 1979.Organization of Iranian People’s Fedaii Guerillas. Kar International. Los Angeles: 1979-1983.People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran.“How to Study the Koran: A Revolutionary Fundamentalist View,” “Soroosh Irfani on Shariati and thePhilosophy of the PMOI,” and “On Populism.” In Political and Social Thought in the ContemporaryMiddle East, Kemal Karpat, ed. New York: Praeger, 1982.Lists of Names and Particulars of 12,028 Victims of the Khomeini Regime's Executions. 1986.Lists of Names and Particulars of 14,028 Victims of the Khomeini Regime's Executions. 1987.Rahnema, Ali and Farhad Nomani. The Secular Miracle: Religion, Politics and Economic Policy in Iran.London: Zed Books, 1990.Ramazani, R.K. Revolutionary Iran: Challenge and Response in the Middle East. Baltimore: Johns HopkinsUniversity Press, 1988.Reeves, Minou. Female Warriors of Allah: Women and the Islamic Revolution. New York: E.P. Dutton,1989.89Rubin, Michael. Into the Shadows: Radical Vigilantes in Khatami's Iran. Washington, DC: WashingtonInstitute for Near East Policy, 2000.Shoaee, Rokhsareh. “The Mujahid Women of Iran: Reconciling ‘Culture’ and ‘Gender’.” Middle EastJournal, Autumn 1987 (v. 41, no. 4).U.S. Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism. Washington, DC: 1987, 1992, 2000.U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Iran’s Seizure of the United StatesEmbassy. Hearings: February 17, 19, 25, and March 11, 1981.J. IraqBaram, Amatzia.“From Radicalism to Radical Pragmatism: The Shi’ite Fundamentalist Opposition Movements of Iraq.”In Islamic Fundamentalisms and the Gulf Crisis, James Piscatori, ed. Chicago: The FundamentalismProject, 1991.“The Impact of Khomeini’s Revolution on the Radical Shi’i Movement of Iraq.” In The IranianRevolution and the Muslim World, David Menashri, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.“Two Roads to Revolutionary Shi’ite Fundamentalism in Iraq.” In Accounting for Fundamentalisms:The Dynamic Character of Movements, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: Universityof Chicago Press, 1994.Batatu, Hanna.“Iraq’s Underground Shi’a Movements: Characteristics, Causes and Prospects.” Middle East Journal,Autumn 1981 (v. 35, no. 4).“Shi’i Organizations in Iraq: al-Da’wah al-Islamiyah and al-Mujahidin.” In Shi’ism and Social Protest,Juan Cole and Nikki Keddie, eds. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.Bengio, Ofra. Saddam Speaks on the Gulf Crisis: A Collection of Documents. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University,

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1992.Cole, Juan. “The United States and Shi’ite Religious Factions in Postwar Iraq.” Middle East Journal,Autumn 2003 (v. 57, no. 4).Schanzer, Jonathan. Al-Qaeda's Armies: Middle East Affiliate Groups and the Next Generation of Terror.Washington, DC: Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2005. [See Chapter 6, "Northern Iraq"]Vaux, Kenneth. Ethics and the Gulf War: Religion, Rhetoric and Righteousness. Boulder: Westview Press,1992. [See Chapter 4, "Islam, Jihad and Iraq's Holy War"]Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Operation Iraqi Freedom and the New Iraq. Washington, DC:2004. [See Part 3, "The Sunni Resistance," and Part 4, "The Shiite Opposition"]K. Gulf States/Arabian PeninsulaFandy, Mamoun. Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.Habib, John S. Ibn Sa'ud's Warriors of Islam: The Ikhwan of Najd and Their Role in the Creation of theSa'udi Kingdom, 1910-1930. Leiden: Brill, 1978.Lawson, Fred. "Repertoires of Contention in Contemporary Bahrain." In Islamic Activism: A SocialMovement Theory Approach, Quintan Wiktorowicz, ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004.Rouleau, Eric. "Trouble in the Kingdom." In The Middle East in Crisis, Council on Foreign Relations. NewYork: 2002. [originally appeared in Foreign Affairs, July/August 2002]90Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia.Initiatives and Actions Taken by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the War on Terrorism. Washington,DC: 2003.Initiatives and Actions Taken by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to Combat Terrorism. Washington, DC:2004.Schanzer, Jonathan.Al-Qaeda's Armies: Middle East Affiliate Groups and the Next Generation of Terror. Washington, DC:Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2005. [See Chapter 4 on Yemen]"Behind the French Tanker Bombing: Yemen's Ongoing Problems with Islamist Terrorism." InPeacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology 2002, Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Washington,DC: 2003.Teitelbaum, Joshua. Holier Than Thou: Saudi Arabia's Islamic Opposition. Washington, DC: WashingtonInstitute for Near East Policy, 2000.U.S. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence. Saudi Arabia and Beirut: Lesson Learned on IntelligenceSupport and Counterterrorism Programs. Hearing: July 9, 1996.L. SyriaAbd-Allah, Umar F. The Islamic Struggle in Syria. Berkeley: Mizan Press, 1983.Batatu, Hanna. "Syria's Muslim Brethren." In State and Ideology in the Middle East and Pakistan, FredHalliday and Hamza Alavi, eds. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.Center for the Study of the Modern Arab World. "The Muslim Brothers in Syria: Growth and Developmentup to 1963." In Readjusting Perspectives: Nationalism, Religion and Culture, Center for the Study ofthe Modern Arab World. Beirut: Dar El-Machreq Publishers, 1980.Ehteshami, Anoushiravan and Raymond Hinnebusch. Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a PenetratedRegional System. London: Routledge, 1997. [See Chapter 6, "The Shi'a and the Struggle forLebanon"]International Crisis Group.Syria Under Bashar: Domestic Policy Challenges. Amman/Brussels: 2004.Syria Under Bashar: Foreign Policy Challenges. Amman/Brussels: 2004.Leverett, Flynt. Inheriting Syria: Bashar's Trial by Fire. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press,2005.Pelletiere, Stephen. Assad and the Peace Process: The Pivotal Role of Lebanon. Carlisle Barracks, PA: USArmy War College, 1995.U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on International Relations. Syria: Peace Partner or RogueRegime? Hearing: July 25, 1996.Van Dam, Nikolaos. The Struggle for Power in Syria: Politics and Society under Asad and the Ba'th

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Party.London: I.B. Tauris, 1996.91IV. POLITICAL ISLAMA. Religion and Politics in the Middle East (Including Iran and Turkey)Abd-Allah, Umar F. The Islamic Struggle in Syria. Berkeley: Mizan Press, 1983.Abdo, Geneive. “Re-Thinking the Islamic Republic: A ‘Conversation’ with Ayatollah Hossein ‘Ali Montazeri.”Middle East Journal, Winter 2001 (v. 55, no. 1).Abdo, Geneive and Jonathan Lyons. Answering Only to God: Faith and Freedom in Twenty-First CenturyIran. New York: Henry Holt, 2003.Abootalebi, Ali. “Islam and Democracy.” In Revolutionaries and Reformers: Contemporary IslamistMovements in the Middle East, Barry Rubin, ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.Adwar, Abdulhak Adnan. “Islamic and Western Thought in Turkey.” Middle East Journal, July 1947 (v. 1,no. 3).Akhavi, Shahrough.“Elite Factionalism in the Islamic Republic of Iran.” Middle East Journal, Spring 1987 (v. 41, no. 2).“Iran: Implementation of an Islamic State.” In Islam in Asia: Religion, Politics and Society, JohnEsposito, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.Religion and Politics in Contemporary Iran: Clergy-State Relations in the Pahlavi Period. Albany:SUNY Press, 1980.Akinci, Ugur. “The Welfare Party’s Municipal Track Record: Evaluating Islamist Municipal Activism inTurkey.” Middle East Journal, Spring 1999 (v. 53, no. 2).Alamuddin, Najib. Turmoil: The Druzes, Lebanon and the Arab-Israeli Conflict. London: Quartet Books,1993.Alnwick, Kenneth and Thomas Fabyanic, eds. Warfare in Lebanon. Washington, DC: National DefenseUniversity, 1988.Aly, Abd al-Monein Said and Manfred Wenner. “Modern Islamic Reform Movements: The MuslimBrotherhood in Contemporary Egypt.” Middle East Journal, Summer 1982 (v. 36, no. 3).Amara, Muhammad Hasan. “The Nature of Islamic Fundamentalism in Israel.” In Religious Radicalism inthe Greater Middle East, Bruce Maddy-Weitzman and Efraim Inbar, eds. London: Frank Cass, 1997.Amirahmadi, Hooshang and Manoucher Parvin, eds. Post-Revolutionary Iran. Boulder: Westview Press,1988.Anderson, Lisa. “Fulfilling Prophecies: State Policy and Islamist Radicalism.” In Political Islam: Revolution,Radicalism or Reform?, John Esposito, ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.Andoni, Lamis. "Extremism and the Prospects for Palestinian National Dialogue." In Surviving theStalemate: Approaches to Strengthening the Palestinian Entity, Muriel Asseburg and Volker Perthes,eds. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1998.Ansari, Hamied. “Sectarian Conflict in Egypt and the Political Expediency of Religion.” Middle East Journal,Summer 1984 (v. 38, no. 3).Antoun, Richard. Muslim Preacher in the Modern World: A Jordanian Case Study in ComparativePerspective. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.Arab Thought Forum. Democratic Formation in Palestine. Jerusalem: 2001. [See Section 2.1.2, "IslamicOpposition"]92Aras, Bulent and Omer Caha. “Fethullah Gulen and His Liberal ‘Turkish Islam’ Movement.” InRevolutionaries and Reformers: Contemporary Islamist Movements in the Middle East, Barry Rubin,ed. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003.Aringberg-Laanatza, Marianne. "Alevis in Turkey – Alawites in Syria: Similarities and Differences." In AleviIdentity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives, Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul. Istanbul:1998.Arjomand, Said Amir. The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran. New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 1988.

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Zepp, Jr., Ira. A Muslim Primer: Beginner’s Guide to Islam. Westminster, MD: Wakefield Editions, 1992.Zia Ullah, Mohammad. Islamic Concept of God. London: Kegan Paul International, 1984.Zwemer, Samuel. Heirs of the Prophets: An Account of the Clergy and Priests of Islam, the Personnel ofthe Mosque and "Holy Men." Chicago: Moody Bible Institute, 1946.II. THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMADAbbott, Nabia. Aishah: The Beloved of Mohammed. New York: Arno Press, 1973.Ali, Maulana Muhammad. Muhammad the Prophet. Lahore: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha’at Islam, 1984.Andrae, Tor. Mohammed: The Man and His Faith. New York: Harper & Row, 1960.Archer, John Clark. Mystical Elements in Mohammed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1924.al-Baghdadi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Harithi (Shaykh al-Mufid). Translation by I.K.A. Howard. Kitabal-Irshad: The Book of Guidance into the Lives of the Twelve Imams. UK: Balagha Books, 1981.Barakat, Ahmad. Muhammad and the Jews: A Re-Examination. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing, 1979.Bashier, Zakaria. Sunshine at Madinah. Leicester: Islamic Foundation, 1990.136Birkeland, Harris. The Legend of the Opening of Muhammed’s Breast. Oslo: I. Kommisjon Hos JacobDybwad, 1955.Bodley, R.V.C. The Messenger: The Life of Mohammed. Garden City: Doubleday, 1946.Dashti, Ali. Twenty-Three Years: A Study of the Prophetic Career of Mohammad. London: George Allen &Unwin, 1985.Dermenghem, Emile.The Life of Mahomet. New York: The Dial Press, 1930.Muhammad and the Islamic Tradition. New York: Harper & Brothers.Dibble, R.F. Mohammed. Garden City: Garden City Publishing, 1926.Faraj, Al-Sayyid. Message to the Arab Soldier. Annotated and translated version of Uyun al Athar fi Fununal Maghazi wa-al-shama'il Wa-al-Siyar/Authentic Chronicle of the Art of Military Expeditions, Behaviorand Campaigns of the Holy Prophet, by Imam Sayyid al-Nas. Cairo: Supreme Council for IslamicAffairs, 1964.Hamidullah, Muhammad. Muhammad Rasulullah: A Concise Survey of the Life and Work of the Founder ofIslam. Hyderabad: 1974.Haykal, Muhammad Husayn. The Life of Muhammad. North American Trust Publications, 1976.Iqbal, Afzal. The Prophet’s Diplomacy: The Art of Negotiation as Conceived and Developed by the Prophetof Islam. Cape Cod: Claude Stark & Co., 1975.Irving, Washington. Life of Mahomet. London: J.M. Dent & Sons, 1928.Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad. Translation by Alfred Guillaume. The Life of Muhammad [Sirat Rasul Allah].London: Oxford University Press, 1955.Kaldani, David Benjamin. Mohammad in the Bible. Allahabad: Abbas Manzil Library, 19--?Kashmiri, Ismail. Prophet of Islam Muhammad and Some of His Traditions. Cairo: Supreme Council forIslamic Affairs, 1967.Lings, Martin. Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. Rochester, VT: Inner TraditionsInternational, 1983.Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir ibn Muhammad. Translation by James Merrick. The Life and Religion ofMohammed, as Contained in the Sheeah Traditions of the Hyat-ul-Kuloob. Boston: Phillips, Sampsonand Co., 1850.Margoliouth, D.S. Mohammed and the Rise of Islam. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1906.Muir, Sir William. The Life of Mohammad. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1912.Rahman, Afzalur. Muhammad: Encyclopedia of Seerah. London: Muslim Schools Trust, 1981.Rodinson, Maxime. Translation by Anne Carter. Muhammad. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.Rubin, Uri. The Eye of the Beholder: The Life of Muhammad as Viewed by the Early Muslims: A TextualAnalysis. Princeton: Darwin Press, 1995.Vidyarthi, Maulana Abdul Haque. Mohammad in World Scriptures. Lahore: Dar-ul-Kutub Islamia, 1940.Watt, W. Montgomery.Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961.

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137Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953.Muhammad at Medina. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956.III. THE HOLY QUR'AN AND THE HADITHA. Qur'an TranslationsSelections from the Kur-an, Commonly Called, in England, the Koran / Commentary and Introduction(based on Sale) by Edward William Lane. London: James Madden and Co., 1843.The Koran / Translated into English from the Original Arabic by George Sale. London: Frederick Warneand Company, 187-?The Speeches and Table-Talk of the Prophet Mohammad / Chosen and Translated, with Introduction andNotes, by Stanley Lane-Poole. London: Macmillan and Company, 1882 (1915 reprint).The Qur'an / Translated, with a Critical Re-Arrangement of the Surahs, by Richard Bell. Edinburgh: T. & T.Clark, 1937.The Koran / Translated from the Arabic by the Reverend J.M. Rodwell. London: J.M. Dent & Sons, 1943.The Holy Qur'an / Text, Translation and Commentary by A. Yusuf Ali. Cambridge, MA: Murray PrintingCompany, 1946.A Book of Quranic Laws / Compiled by Muhammad Valibhai Merchant. Lahore: Muhammad Ashraf, 1947.Translation of the Holy Quran / With Short Notes and Introduction by Muhammad Ali. Lahore: AhmadiyyaAnjuman Isha'at Islam, 1948.The Message of Islam / By A. Yusuf Ali. London: John Murray, 1949.The Short Koran: Designed for Easy Reading / Edited by George M. Lamsa. Chicago: Ziff-Davis PublishingCompany, 1949.The Holy Koran / An Introduction with Selections by A.J. Arberry. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1953.The Koran (Qur'an) / Translated by E.H. Palmer. London: Oxford University Press, 1953.The Koran: An Edition Prepared for English Readers / Being an Arrangement in Chronological Order fromthe Translations of Edward W. Lane, Stanley Lane-Poole, and A.H.G. Sarwar. Mount Vernon, NY:Peter Pauper Press, 1953.The Meaning of the Glorious Koran / An Explanatory Translation by Mohammed Marmaduke Pickthall. NewYork: Mentor Books, 1953.The Koran Interpreted / By A.J. Arberry. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1955.The Student's Quran: An Introduction / By Hashim Amir Ali. Hyderabad: Shalimar Publishers, 1959.The Teaching of Islam in Verses from the Koran / By Yacoub Szynkiewicz. Cairo: Islamic Congress, n.d.138Selections from the Noble Reading: An Anthology of Passages from the Qur'an / Translated intoContemporary English by T.B. Irving. Cedar Rapids: Unity Publishing Company, 1968.The Glorious Kur'an / Translation and Commentary by A. Yusuf Ali. Libyan Arab Republic: Call of IslamSociety, 1973.The Holy Qur'an / Arabic Text, English Translation and Commentary by Maulana Muhammad Ali. Lahore:Ahmadiyyah Anjuman Isha'at Islam, 1973.The Message of the Qur'an / Translated and Explained by Muhammad Asad. Gibraltar: Dar al-Andalus,1980.Man in Qur'an and the Meaning of Furqan: Surat ul-Baqarah / Tafsir by Shaykh Fadhlalla Haeri. Blanco,TX: Zahra Publications, 1982.Heart of Qur'an and Perfect Mizan: Surat Ya Sin / Tafsir by Shaykh Fadhlalla Haeri. Blanco, TX: ZahraPublications, 1983.Beams of Illumination from the Divine Revelation: Juz' 'Amma, the Last Section of the Qur'an / Tafsir byShaykh Fadhlalla Haeri. Blanco, TX: Zahra Publications, 1985.The Qur'an: The First American Version / Translation and Commentary by T.B. Irving. Brattleboro, VT:Amana Books, 1985.

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The Koran / Translated with Notes by N.J. Dawood. London: Penguin Books, 1990.Commandments by God in the Quran / Compiled by Ch. Nazar Mohammad. New York: The MessagePublications, 1991.Al-Qur'an / A Contemporary Translation by Ahmed Ali. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.The Quran: A New Interpretation / Textual Exegesis by Muhammad Baqir Behbudi, English Translation byColin Turner. Surrey: Curzon Press, 1997.Index of Qur’anic Topics / Compiled by Ashfaque Ullah Syed. Washington, DC: IFTA Office, 1998.Readings in the Qur'an / Selected and Translated by Kenneth Cragg. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press,1999.Women in Islam: An Anthology from the Quran and Hadiths / Translated and Edited by Nicholas Awde.New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000.An Interpretation of the Qur'an: English Translation of the Meanings / Translated by Majid Fakhry. NewYork: New York University Press, 2002.The Qur'an: A New Translation / M.A.S. Abdel Haleem. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.The Qur'an: With a Phrase-by-Phrase English Translation / Translated by 'Ali Quli Qara'i. London: IslamicCollege for Advanced Studies Press, 2004.B. HadithAn Important Manuscript of the Traditions of Bukhari, with Nine Facsimile Reproductions / By A. Mingana.Cambridge: W. Heffers and Sons, 1936.A Manual of Hadith / by Maulana Muhammad Ali. Lahore: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha’at Islam, 1951.139Sayings of Mohammed / From Stanley Lane-Poole’s Translation. Mount Vernon, NY: Peter Pauper Press,1958.Khair-ul-Bareeyah / Selections from Sihah-e-Sittah, et al., Translated by Syed Farhat Husain. Bombay:Alamdar P. Press, 1960.Mishkat Al-Masabih (4 vols.) / English Translation with Explanatory Notes by James Robson. Lahore: Sh.Muhammad Ashraf, 1963.An-Nawawi’s Forty Hadith / Translated by Ezzeddin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies. Damascus: HolyKoran Publishing House, 1977.Submission: Sayings of the Prophet Muhammad / By Shems Friedlander. New York: Harper ColophonBooks, 1977.Mishkat-ul-Masabih (Wali ad-Din Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Khatib at-Tabrizi) / Translated andAnnotated by Abdul Hameed Siddiqui. New Delhi: Kitab Bhavan, 1987.A Shi'ite Anthology / Edited by Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i, translated by William Chittick. Albany:SUNY Press, 1981.Traditions of the Prophet: Ahadith / Javad Nurbakhsh. New York: Khaniqahi-Nimatullah Publications,1981.The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih al-Bukhari (Arabic-English) (9 vols.) / Muhammad Ibn Ismail al-Bukhari and Muhammad Muhsin Khan. Medina: Dar al-Fikr, 1981.Gardens of the Righteous: Riyadh as-Salihin of Imam Nawawi / Translated from the Arabic by MuhammadZafrulla Khan. New York: Olive Branch Press, 1989.The Translation of the Meanings of Summarized Sahih Muslim (Arabic-English) (2 vols.) / Muslim ibn al-Hajja al-Qurayshi and Al-Hafiz Zakiuddin Abdul-Azim Al-Mundhiri. Riyadh: Darussalam, 2000.Moral Teachings of Islam: Prophetic Traditions from a l-Adab al-mufrad by Imam al-Bukhari / Selected andTranslated by Abdul Ali Hamid. Walnut Creek, CA: Alta Mira Press, 2003.C. Selected Commentaries and Overviews: The Holy Qur'an and Hadith(For a complete list, see the Library Catalog)Ali, Muhammad. The Living Thoughts of the Prophet Muhammad. Lahore: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha’atIslam, 1946.

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Ayoub, Mahmoud. The Qur'an and Its Interpreters. Albany: SUNY Press, 1984; 1992.Azad, Mawlana Abul Kalam. Translation by Syed Abdul Latif. The Tarjuman al-Qur'an: Volume One, Suratul-Fatiha. Bombay: Asia Publishing House, 1965.Azami, Muhammad Mustafa. Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature. Indianapolis: American TrustPublications, 1977.Birkeland, Harris. Old Muslim Opposition Against Interpretation of the Koran. Oslo: I Kommisjon HosJacob Dybwad, 1955.Brown, Kerry and Martin Palmer, eds. The Essential Teachings of Islam. London: Rider, 1987.Bucaille, Maurice. The Bible, the Qur’an and Science: The Holy Scriptures Examined in the Light of ModernKnowledge. Paris: Seghers, 1987.140Burton, John. An Introduction to the Hadith. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1994.Dundes, Alan. Fables of the Ancients? Folklore in the Qur'an. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,2003.El-Fandy, Muhammad Jamaluddin. On Cosmic Verses in the Quran. Cairo: Supreme Council for IslamicAffairs, 1967.Firestone, Reuven. Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.Al-Ghazali, Muhammad. Translation by Yusuf Talal De Lorenzo. Remembrance and Prayer: The Way ofProphet Muhammad. Leicester: The Islamic Foundation, 1986.Guillaume, Alfred. The Traditions of Islam: An Introduction to the Study of the Hadith Literature. Oxford:Clarendon Press, 1924.Haeri, Shaykh Fadhlalla. Journey of the Universe as Expounded in the Qur'an. London: KPI Limited, 1985.Ibn Warraq, ed. What the Koran Really Says: Language, Text and Commentary. Amherst, NY:Prometheus Books, 2002.Izutsu, Toshihiko. Ethico-Religious Concepts in the Qur’an. Montreal: McGill University Press, 1966.Jansen, J.J.G. The Interpretation of the Koran in Modern Egypt. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1980.Jeffery, Arthur. The Qur'an as Scripture. New York: Russell F. Moore Co., 1952.Jeffery, Arthur, ed. Materials for the History of the Text of the Qur'an: The Old Codices. Leiden: E.J. Brill,1937.Katsh, Abraham. Judaism in Islam: Biblical and Talmudic Backgrounds of the Koran and ItsCommentaries: Suras II and III. New York: New York University Press, 1954.Khalifa, Mohammad. The Sublime Qur'an and Orientalism. London: Longman, 1983.Al-Khu'i, Al-Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Musawi. Translation by Abdulaziz Sachedina. The Prolegomena to theQur'an. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.Latif, Syed Abdul. Bases of Islamic Culture. Hyderabad: Institute of Indo-Middle East Cultural Studies,1959.Al-Marzouqi, Ibrahim Abdulla. Human Rights in Islamic Law. Abu Dhabi: 2000.Mernissi, Fatima. The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women’s Rights in Islam.Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing, 1991.Murad, Khurram. Way to the Qur’an. Leicester: The Islamic Foundation, 1985.Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, ed. Shi'ism: Doctrines, Thought and Spirituality. Albany: SUNY Press, 1988.[See Chapter 3, "The Shi'i Interpretation of the Qur'an," and Chapter 4, "The Shi'i Interpretation ofHadith Literature" (Tabataba'i)]Nettler, Ronald. "Sayyid Qutb's Qur'anic Views on Islamic Society and Polity." In Proceedings of theAnnual Conference of the British Society for Middle Eastern Societies, 1992.Robinson, Neal. Discovering the Qur'an: A Contemporary Approach to a Veiled Text. Washington, DC:Georgetown University Press, 2003.Sherif, Faruq. A Guide to the Contents of the Qur'an. Reading: Garnet Publishing, 1995.141

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Stowasser, Barbara Freyer. Women in the Qur’an, Traditions and Interpretation. New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 1994.Swarup, Ram. Understanding Islam through Hadis: Religious Faith or Fanaticism? Smithtown, NY:Exposition Press, 1983.Tabataba'i, Allamah Sayyid M.H. The Qur'an in Islam: Its Impact and Influence on the Life of Muslims.London: Zahra Publications, 1987.Valiuddin, Mir. The Quranic Sufism. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1977.Wadud, Sayed Abdul. Phenomena of Nature and the Quran. Lahore: Sayed Khalid Wadud, 1971.Watt, W. Montgomery and Richard Bell. Bell's Introduction to the Qur'an: Completely Revised andEnlarged by W. Montgomery Watt. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1977.142APPENDIX B: ISLAM AND ISLAMISM IN COUNTRIES OUTSIDE THE MEI GEOGRAPHICAL AREAGeneral WorksHaddad, Yvonne Yazbeck and Wadi Zaidan Haddad, eds. Christian-Muslim Encounters. Gainesville:University Press of Florida, 1995.Kepel, Gilles. The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.Kettani, M. Ali. Muslim Minorities in the World Today. London: Mansell Publishing, 1986.The Muslim World. Special Issue: Islam in the West. Hartford: Duncan Black Macdonald Center, Spring2002.Ramadan, Tariq. Western Muslims and the Future of Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.Stoddard, Philip, David Cuthell and Margaret Sullivan, eds. Change and the Muslim World. Syracuse:Syracuse University Press, 1981.AfricaAusten, Ralph. "Islam in African History." In Islam in the Contemporary World, Cyriac Pullapilly, ed. NotreDame: Cross Roads Books, 1980.Bravmann, Rene. African Islam. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983.Brenner, Louis, ed. Muslim Identity and Social Change in Sub-Sahara Africa. Bloomington: IndianaUniversity Press, 1993.Brett, Michael, ed. Northern Africa: Islam and Modernization. London: Frank Cass, 1973.Creevey, Lucy. "Religion and Modernization in Senegal." In Islam and Development: Religion andSociopolitical Change, John Esposito, ed. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1980.De Waal, Alex, ed. Islamism and Its Enemies in the Horn of Africa. Bloomington: Indiana University Press,2004.Esack, Farid. Qur’an, Liberation and Pluralism: An Islamic Perspective of Interreligious Solidarity againstOppression. Oxford: Oneworld, 1997.Fisher, Humphrey J. Ahmadiyyah: A Study in Contemporary Islam on the West African Coast. London:Oxford University Press, 1963.Gambari, Ibrahim A. "Islamic Revivalism in Nigeria: Homegrown or Externally Induced?" In The IranianRevolution: Its Global Impact, John Esposito, ed. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.Kritzeck, James and William Lewis, eds. Islam in Africa. New York: Van Nostrand-Reinhold Company,1969.Lewis, I.M., ed. Islam in Tropical Africa. UK: International African Institute, 1964.Muhammad, Akbar. "Islam and National Integration through Education in Nigeria." In Islam andDevelopment: Religion and Sociopolitical Change, John Esposito, ed. Syracuse: Syracuse UniversityPress, 1980.O’Brien, Donal Cruise. “Sufi Politics in Senegal.” In Islam in the Political Process, James Piscatori, ed.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.143Oded, Arye. Africa and the Middle East Conflict. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1987. [See Chapter 3,"Arab Islamic Activity in Africa"]Rosander, Eva Evers and David Westerlund, eds. African Islam and Islam in Africa: Encounters between

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Sufis and Islamists. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1997.Trimingham, J. Spencer.The Influence of Islam upon Africa. London: Longman, 1980.Islam in East Africa. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964.Islam in West Africa. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959.Vikor, Knut. "Jihad in West Africa: A Global Theme in a Regional Setting." In Muslim Diversity: Local Islamin Global Contexts, Leif Manger, ed. Surrey: Curzon Press, 1999.AmericasHaddad, Yvonne Yazbeck, ed. The Muslims of America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck and John Esposito, eds. Muslims on the Americanization Path? Atlanta: ScholarsPress, 1998.Hassan, Umar. "African-American Muslims and the Islamic Revival." In Islam in the Contemporary World,Cyriac Pullapilly, ed. Notre Dame: Cross Roads Books, 1980.Muhammad, Amir Nashid Ali. Muslims in America: Seven Centuries of History (1312-1998). Beltsvillle:Amana Publications, 1998.Smith, Jane I. Islam in America. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.AsiaAbaza, Mona. “Islam in South-east Asia: Varying Impact and Images of the Middle East.” In Islam,Muslims and the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Tajul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Abuza, Zachary. Militant Islam in Southeast Asia: Crucible of Terror. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2003.Agwani, M.S. “God’s Government: Jama’at-i-Islami of India.” In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State:Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. NewYork: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Ali, Ahmed. Muslim China. Karachi: Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, 1950.Ali, Mustafa. "The Islamic Movement and the Malaysian Experience." In Power-Sharing Islam?, AzzamTamimi, ed. London: Liberty Publications, 1993.al-Attas, Syed Naguib. Some Aspects of Sufism As Understood and Practised Among the Malays.Singapore: Malaysian Sociological Research Institute, 1963.Banu, U.A.B. Razia Akter. “Jamaat-i-Islami in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects.” In Islam, Muslimsand the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Brakel, Clara. Islamic Syncretism in Indonesia: From Historical Written Sources to Contemporary RitualPractice in Java. Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1995.144Braten, Eldar. "To Colour, Not Oppose: Spreading Islam in Rural Java." In Muslim Diversity: Local Islam inGlobal Contexts, Leif Manger, ed. Surrey: Curzon Press, 1999.Dreyer, June. "The Islamic Community of China." In Middle East Perspectives: The Next Twenty Years,George Wise and Charles Issawi, eds. Princeton: Darwin Press, 1981.Esposito, John, ed. Islam in Asia: Religion, Politics and Society. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.Fatimi, S.Q. Islam Comes to Malaysia. Singapore: Malaysian Sociological Research Institute, 1963.Gardner, Katy. "Global Migrants and Local Shrines: The Shifting Geography of Islam in Sylhet,Bangladesh." In Muslim Diversity: Local Islam in Global Contexts, Leif Manger, ed. Surrey: CurzonPress, 1999.Gladney, Dru.Muslim Chinese: Ethnic Nationalism in the People's Republic. Cambridge: Harvard University Press,1991."The Salafiyya Movement in Northwest China: Islamic Fundamentalism Among the Muslim Chinese?"In Muslim Diversity: Local Islam in Global Contexts, Leif Manger, ed. Surrey: Curzon Press, 1999.Haq, Mushir-Ul-. Islam in Secular India. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1972.Hashmi, Taj ul-Islam. “Islam in Bangladesh Politics.” In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case-

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Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St.Martin’s Press, 1994.International Crisis Group. Indonesia Backgrounder: Jihad in Central Sulawesi. Jakarta/Brussels: 2004.Israeli, Raphael, ed. The Crescent in the East: Islam in Asia Major. London: Curzon Press, 1982.Khan, M. Rafiq. Islam in China. Delhi: National Academy, 1963.Laffan, Michael Francis. Islamic Nationhood and Colonial Indonesia: The Umma Below the Winds. London:Routledge, 2003.Lipman, Jonathan N. Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China. Seattle: University ofWashington Press, 1997.Madjid, Nurcholish. "Islam in Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities." In Islam in the ContemporaryWorld, Cyriac Pullapilly, ed. Notre Dame: Cross Roads Books, 1980.Majul, Cesar Adib. "The Iranian Revolution and the Muslims in the Philippines." In The Iranian Revolution:Its Global Impact, John Esposito, ed. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.McVey, Ruth. “Faith as the Outsider: Islam in Indonesian Politics.” In Islam in the Political Process, JamesPiscatori, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.von der Mehden, Fred R."Islamic Resurgence in Malaysia." In Islam and Development: Religion and Sociopolitical Change,John Esposito, ed. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1980."Malaysian and Indonesian Islamic Movements and the Iranian Connection." In The IranianRevolution: Its Global Impact, John Esposito, ed. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.Two Worlds of Islam: Interaction between Southeast Asia and the Middle East. Gainesville: UniversityPress of Florida, 1993.Mehmet, Ozay. Islamic Identity and Development: Studies of the Islamic Periphery. [Turkey andMalaysia] London: Routledge, 1990.Millard, Mike. Jihad in Paradise: Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 2004.145Mohamad, Mahathir. Islam and the Muslim Ummah: Selected Speeches of Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, PrimeMinister of Malaysia. Subang Jaya: Pelanduk Publications, 2001.Mutalib, Hussin. “Islamisation in Malaysia: Between Ideals and Realities.” In Islam, Muslims and theModern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Taj ul-IslamHashmi, eds. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Nagata, Judith. “Indices of the Islamic Resurgence in Malaysia: The Medium and the Message.” InReligious Resurgence: Contemporary Cases in Islam, Christianity and Judaism, Richard Antoun andMary Elaine Hegland, eds. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1987.Starr, S. Frederick, ed. Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 2004.Watson, C.W. “Muslims and the State in Indonesia.” In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St.Martin’s Press, 1994.Europe/RussiaBulliet, Richard and Martha Imber-Goldstein, eds. The Bosnian Crisis and the Islamic World. New York:Columbia University, 2002.Chejne, Anwar. Muslim Spain: Its History and Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1974.Gerholm, Tomas and Yngve Georg Lithman, eds. The New Islamic Presence in Western Europe. London:Mansell Publishing, 1998.Hunter, Shireen, ed. Islam, Europe’s Second Religion. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2002.International Crisis Group. Bin Laden and the Balkans: The Politics of Anti-Terrorism. Brussels: 2001.Islamic Research Institute. Islam in the Balkans: Special Issue of Islamic Studies. Islamabad: 1997.Kappeler, Andreas, et al., eds. Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspectives on Nationality,Politics, and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. Durham: Duke University Press,1994.Karam, Azza, ed. Transnational Political Islam: Religion, Ideology and Power. London: Pluto Press,

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2004.Kepel, Gilles. The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.[Chapter 7: The Battle for Europe]Lebor, Adam. A Heart Turned East: Among the Muslims of Europe and America. New York: St. Martin'sPress, 1998.Lewis, Philip. Islamic Britain: Religion, Politics and Identity among British Muslims. London: I.B. Tauris,2002.Malik, Hafeez. Russian-American Relations: Islamic and Turkic Dimensions in the Volga-Ural Basin. NewYork: St. Martin’s Press, 2000.Marin, Manuela, et al., eds. The Formation of al-Andalus (2 volumes). Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 1998.McDermott, Mustafa Yusuf and Muhammad Manazir Ahsan. The Muslim Guide: For Teachers, Employers,Community Workers and Social Administrators in Britain. Leicester: Islamic Foundation, 1980.146Menocal, Maria Rosa. The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews and Christians Created a Culture ofTolerance in Medieval Spain. Boston: Little, Brown, 2003.Munoz, Gema Martin, ed. Islam, Modernism and the West: Cultural and Political Relations at the End ofthe Millennium. London: I.B. Tauris, 1999.Nielsen, Jorgen. Muslims in Western Europe. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995.Norris, H.T. Islam in the Balkans: Religion and Society between Europe and the Arab World. Columbia:University of South Carolina Press, 1993.Pedersen, Lars. Newer Islamic Movements in Western Europe. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 1999.Pinson, Mark, ed. The Muslims of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1994.Vucinich, Wayne. “Islam in the Balkans.” In Religion in the Middle East: Three Religions in Concord andConflict. Volume 2: Islam, A.J. Arberry, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.Watt, W. Montgomery. A History of Islamic Spain. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1965.Wheeler, G.E. “Islam in the USSR.” In Religion in the Middle East: Three Religions in Concord and Conflict.Volume 2: Islam, A.J. Arberry, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.Yamauchi, Masayuki. “Muslim National Communism in Tatarstan: The Dream of Sultangaliev Revisited.” InIslam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutaliband Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Yunosova, Aislu. “Political Perspectives of Islam in Bashkortostan.” In Russian-American Relations: Islamicand Turkic Dimensions in the Volga-Ural Basin, Hafeez Malik, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000.147APPENDIX C: LIST OF TITLES BY COUNTRYAfghanistanAbdullah, D. The Biting Falsehood: A Study of Islam and Western Thought. London: Ta-Ha, 1984.Amin, Tahir. Afghanistan Crisis: Implications and Options for Muslim World, Iran and Pakistan. Islamabad:Institute of Policy Studies, 1982.Amstutz, J. Bruce. Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. Washington, DC: NationalDefense University, 1986.Baljon, Johannes M.S. “Islam in Afghanistan, India and Pakistan.” In Religion in the Middle East: ThreeReligions in Concord and Conflict. Volume 2: Islam, A.J. Arberry, ed. Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1969.Banuazizi, Ali and Myron Weiner, eds. The State, Religion and Ethnic Politics: Afghanistan, Iran andPakistan. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1986.Bergen, Peter. Holy War, Inc.: Inside the Secret World of Osama bin Laden. New York: The Free Press,2002.Bradsher, Henry S. Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. Durham: Duke University Press, 1985.Central Asian Survey. Propaganda Posters of the Afghan Resistance, January 1985. Oxford, UK: 1985.

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Coll, Steve. Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan and bin Laden, from the SovietInvasion to September 10, 2001. New York: Penguin Press, 2004.Cooley, John. Unholy Wars: Afghanistan, America and International Terrorism. London: Pluto Press, 2000.Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Revolutionary Afghanistan ThroughHonest Eyes. Kabul: 1982. [See Chapter 4, "Is Islam in Danger in Afghanistan?"]Edwards, David Busby. “The Evolution of Shi’i Political Dissent in Afghanistan.” In Shi’ism and SocialProtest, Juan Cole and Nikki Keddie, eds. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.Emadi, Hafizullah. State, Revolution and Superpowers in Afghanistan. New York: Praeger, 1990. [SeeChapter 4, "Politics of the Resistance"]Farr, Grant and John Merriam, eds. Afghan Resistance: The Politics of Survival. Boulder: Westview Press,1987.Fukuyama, Francis. The Future of the Soviet Role in Afghanistan: A Trip Report. Santa Monica: RAND,1980.Fuller, Graham. Islamic Fundamentalism in Afghanistan: Its Character and Prospects. Santa Monica:RAND, 1991.Ghani, Ashraf. “Afghanistan: Islam and Counterrevolutionary Movements.” In Islam in Asia: Religion,Politics and Society, John Esposito, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.Giustozzi, Antonio. War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan 1978-1992. Washington, DC: GeorgetownUniversity Press, 2000.Griffin, Michael. Reaping the Whirlwind: Afghanistan, al Qa’ida and the Holy War. London: Pluto Press,2003.Hanifi, M. Jamil. “Islam in Contemporary Afghanistan.” In The Crescent in the East: Islam in Asia Major,Raphael Israeli, ed. London: Curzon Press, 1982.El-Helbawy, Kamal. "The Future of Power-Sharing in Afghanistan." In Power-Sharing Islam?, AzzamTamimi, ed. London: Liberty Publications, 1993.Jalali, Ali Ahmad and Lester Grau. The Other Side of the Mountain: Mujahideen Tactics in the Soviet-Afghan War. Quantico: U.S. Marine Corps, 1999.Jami'at Islami Afghanistan. Situation in the North of Afghanistan 1987. Peshawar: 1987.Khalilzad, Zalmay. “Iranian Policy Toward Afghanistan Since the Revolution.” In The Iranian Revolutionand the Muslim World, David Menashri, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.Klass, Rosanne, ed. Afghanistan: The Great Game Revisited. New York: Freedom House, 1987.Konarovsky, Mikhail. “Russia and the Muslim States of Central Asia and Afghanistan.” In Islam, Muslimsand the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries, Hussin Mutalib and Taj ul-Islam Hashmi, eds. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Lemercier-Quelquejay, Chantal and Alexandre Bennigsen. "Soviet Experience of Muslim Guerrilla Warfareand the War in Afghanistan." In The USSR and the Muslim World: Issues in Domestic and ForeignPolicy, Yaacov Ro'i, ed. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984.Magnus, Ralph, ed. Afghan Alternatives: Issues, Options and Policies. New Brunswick, NJ: TransactionBooks, 1985. [See especially Chapter 3, "The Afghan Resistance Movement"]Maley, William. The Afghanistan Wars. New York: Palgrave, 2002.148Margolis, Eric S. War at the Top of the World: The Struggle for Afghanistan, Kashmir and Tibet. New York:Routledge, 2002.Marsden, Peter. The Taliban: War, Religion and the New Order in Afghanistan. New York: St. Martin'sPress, 1998.Poladi, Hassan. The Hazaras. Stockton, CA: Mughal Publishing, 1989.RAND. Democracy and Islam in the New Constitution of Afghanistan. 2003.Roy, Olivier.Afghanistan: From Holy War to Civil War. Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press, 1994.“Afghanistan: An Islamic War of Resistance.” In Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities,Economies and Militance, Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. Chicago: University of ChicagoPress, 1993.

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Islam and Resistance in Afghanistan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990."The Mujahidin and the Future of Afghanistan." In The Iranian Revolution: Its Global Impact, JohnEsposito, ed. Miami: Florida International University Press, 1990.Rubin, Barnett.“Arab Islamists in Afghanistan.” In Political Islam: Revolution, Radicalism or Reform?, John Esposito,ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.The Fragmentation of Afghanistan: State Formation and Collapse in the International System. NewHaven: Yale University Press, 2002. [See Part III, "The Islamic Resistance: Mujahidin, Society andthe International System"]Saikal, Amin."Iran's Turbulent Neighbour: The Challenge of the Taliban." In Iran at the Crossroads, GlobalDialogue, Spring/Summer 2001. Nicosia: 2001."The Regional Politics of the Afghan Crisis." In The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan, Amin Saikaland William Maley, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.Shah, Sirdar Ikbal Ali. Afghanistan of the Afghans. London: Octagon Press, 1982.Shahrani, M. Nazif and Robert Canfield, eds. Revolutions and Rebellions in Afghanistan: AnthropologicalPerspectives. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1984.Shikara, A.A. "The Islamic Dimension of Soviet Policies in the Middle East: The Case of Afghanistan." InProceedings of the 1988 International Conference on Middle Eastern Studies, British Society forMiddle East Studies. Leeds: 1988.Urban, Mark. War in Afghanistan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988.US/UK Coalition Information Centers. The Global War on Terrorism: The First 100 Days. Washington, DC:2001.Wilber, Donald. “The Structure and Position of Islam in Afghanistan.” Middle East Journal, Winter 1952 (v.6, no. 1).Yousaf, Mohammad and Mark Adkin. Afghanistan-The Bear Trap: The Defeat of a Superpower. Havertown,PA: Casemate, 2001.Zahab, Mariam Abou and Olivier Roy. Islamist Networks: The Afghan-Pakistan Connection. New York:Columbia University Press, 2004.AlgeriaAndezian, Sossie. "The Role of Sufi Women in an Algerian Pilgrimage Ritual." In African Islam and Islam inAfrica: Encounters between Sufis and Islamists, Eva Evers Rosander and David Westerlund, eds.Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1997.Chasdi, Richard. Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994-1999. Lanham: LexingtonBooks, 2002.Cheriet, Boutheina. "Islamism and Feminism: Algeria's 'Rites of Passage' to Democracy." In State andSociety in Algeria, John Entelis and Phillip Naylor, eds. Boulder: Westview Press, 1992.Deeb, Mary-Jane. “Islam and the State in Algeria and Morocco: A Dialectical Model.” In Islamism andSecularism in North Africa, John Ruedy, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Entelis, John. “Islam, Democracy and the State: The Reemergence of Authoritarian Politics in Algeria.” InIslamism and Secularism in North Africa, John Ruedy, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Haddam, Anwar. "The Political Experiment of the Algerian Islamic Movement and the New World Order."In Power-Sharing Islam?, Azzam Tamimi, ed. London: Liberty Publications, 1993.Hafez, Mohammed.149“Armed Islamist Movements and Political Violence in Algeria.” Middle East Journal, Autumn 2000 (v.54, no. 4)."From Marginalization to Massacres: A Political Process Explanation of GIA Violence in Algeria." InIslamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach, Quintan Wiktorowicz, ed. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 2004.Hunter, Shireen. The Algerian Crisis: Origin, Evolution and Lessons for the Maghreb and Europe.

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Rittersberger-Tiliç, Helga. "The Alevis and Politics in Turkey." In Contrasts and Solutions in the MiddleEast, Ole Hoiris and Sefa Martin Yürükel, eds. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1997.Ross, Jeffrey. “Politics, Religion and Ethnic Identity in Turkey.” Religion and Politics in the Middle East,Michael Curtis, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1981.Schimmel, Annemarie. “Islam in Turkey.” In Religion in the Middle East: Three Religions in Concord andConflict. Volume 2: Islam, A.J. Arberry, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.Shankland, David.Islam and Society in Turkey. Huntingdon, UK: Eothen Press, 1999."Religion." In Turkish Transformation: New Century-New Challenges, Brian Beeley, ed. Huntingdon,UK: Eothen Press, 2002.Starr, June. "Islam and the Struggle over State Law in Turkey." Law and Islam in the Middle East, DaisyDwyer, ed. New York: Bergin & Garvey Publishers, 1990.Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul.Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives. Istanbul: 1998.Civil Society, Democracy and the Muslim World. Istanbul: 1997.Toprak, Binnaz."Politicisation of Islam in a Secular State: The National Salvation Party in Turkey." In FromNationalism to Revolutionary Islam, Said Amir Arjomand, ed. London: Macmillan Press, 1984.“The Reception of the Iranian Revolution by the Muslim Press in Turkey.” In The Iranian Revolutionand the Muslim World, David Menashri, ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990."The Religious Right." In Turkey in Transition, Irvin Schick and Ertugrul Ahmet Tonak, eds. New York:Oxford University Press, 1987.181White, Jenny B. Islamist Mobilization in Turkey: A Study in Vernacular Politics. Seattle: University ofWashington Press, 2002.Yavuz, M. Hakan.Islamic Political Identity in Turkey. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003."Opportunity Spaces, Identity and Islamic Meaning in Turkey." In Islamic Activism: A SocialMovement Theory Approach, Quintan Wiktorowicz, ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004.“Towards an Islamic Liberalism? The Nurcu Movement and Fethullah Gülen in Turkey.” Middle EastJournal, Autumn 1999 (v. 53, no. 4).Yavuz, M. Hakan and John Esposito, eds. Turkish Islam and the Secular State: The Gülen Movement.Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2003.Yesilada, Birol. "The Virtue Party." In Political Parties in Turkey, Barry Rubin and Metin Heper, eds.London: Frank Cass, 2002.TurkmenistanEdgar, Adrienne Lynn. Tribal Nation: The Making of Soviet Turkmenistan. Princeton: Princeton UniversityPress, 2004.Turkmenbashy, Saparmyrat. Rukhnama: Reflections on the Spiritual Values of the Turkmen. Ashgabat:2003.United Arab EmiratesFindlow, Sally. The United Arab Emirates: Nationalism and Arab-Islamic Identity. Abu Dhabi: EmiratesCenter for Strategic Studies and Research, 2000.King, Geoffrey. "The Coming of Islam and the Islamic Period in the UAE." In United Arab Emirates: A NewPerspective, Ibrahim Al Abed and Peter Hellyer, eds. London: Trident Press, 2001.UzbekistanAbduvakhitov, Abdujabar. “Islamic Revivalism in Uzbekistan.” In Russia’s Muslim Frontiers: NewDirections in Cross-Cultural Analysis, Dale Eickelman, ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press,1993.Bohr, Annette. Uzbekistan: Politics and Foreign Policy. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs,1998. [See Chapter 5, "The Politics of 'Islamophobia'"]Critchlow, James. “Nationalism and Islamic Resurgence in Uzbekistan.” In Central Asia: Its StrategicImportance and Future Prospects, Hafeez Malik, ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.Hale, Henry. “Islam, State-building and Uzbekistan’s Foreign Policy.” In The New Geopolitics of CentralAsia and Its Borderlands, Ali Banuazizi and Myron Weiner, eds. Bloomington: Indiana University

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The Agony of Algeria / Martin Stone / 1997 / DT 295.5 S75 1997Aishah: The Beloved of Mohammed / Nabia Abbott / 1973 / BP 80 A52 A2 1973Al-Qaeda's Armies: Middle East Affiliate Groups and the Next Generation of Terror / Jonathan Schanzer /2005 / HV 6431 S323 2005Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives / Swedish Research Institute / 1998 /BP 189.7 B42 A45 1998Algeria: Revolution Revisited / Reza Shah-Kazemi, ed. / 1997 / BP 173.7 A4954 1997Algeria’s Struggle for Democracy / Mona Yacoubian / 1997 / DT 295.5 Y33 1997The Algerian Civil War 1990-1998 / Luis Martinez / 2000 / DT 295.5 M3713 2000The Algerian Crisis: Origin, Evolution and Lessons for the Maghreb and Europe / Shireen Hunter / 1996 /BP 64 A4 A44 1996The Algerian Crisis: Policy Options for the West / Andrew Pierre and William Quandt / 1996 /DT 295.5 P5 1996Allah: The God of Islam: Moslem Life and Worship / Florence Mary Fitch / 1950 / BP 166.2 F5Allah’s Commonwealth: A History of Islam in the Near East, 600-1100 AD / F.E. Peters / 1973 / BP 55 P47The Alleged Founder of Ismailism / W. Ivanow / 1946 / BP 80 A2 I8Amal and the Palestinians: Understanding the Battle of the Camps / Elaine Hagopian, ed. / 1985 /DS 87 A6558 1985Amal and the Shi'a: Struggle for the Soul of Lebanon / Augustus Richard Norton / 1987 /DS 80.5 N67 1987America and Political Islam: Clash of Culture or Clash of Interests? / Fawaz Gerges / 1999 /DS 63.74 G46 1999Among the Believers: An Islamic Journey / V.S. Naipaul / 1981 / BP 63 A1 N35 1981And God Knows the Soldiers: The Authoritative and Authoritarian in Islamic Discourses / Khaled M. AbouEl Fadl / 2001 / BP 165.7 A26 2001Annual Report on International Religious Freedom / U.S. Department of State / 2002 / BV 741 A56 2002Answering Only to God: Faith and Freedom in Twenty-First Century Iran / Geneive Abdo and JonathanLyons / 2003 / DS 318.9 A23 2003184Appeasing Tehran's Mullahs: US Policy on Iran's Resistance Under Scrutiny / National Council ofResistance of Iran / 1994 / DS 318.83 A66 1994Arab and Regional Politics in the Middle East / P.J. Vatikiotis / 1984 / DS 62.4 V33 1984Arab Awakening and Islamic Revival: The Politics of Ideas in the Middle East / Martin Kramer / 1996 /DS 63.6 K73 1996Arab Culture: Religious Identity and Radical Perspectives / Center for the Study of the Modern Arab World/ 1977 / DS 42.4 C4 1977The Arab Influence in Medieval Europe / Dionisius Agius and Richard Hitchcock, eds. / 1994 /CB 353 A7 1994Arab Nationalism: Between Islam and the Nation-State / Bassam Tibi / 1997 / DS 63.6 T513 1997The Arab Shi'a: The Forgotten Muslims / Graham E. Fuller and Rend Rahim Francke / 1999 /BP 192.7 A65 F65 1999The Arab World after Desert Storm / Muhammad Faour / 1993 / DS 63.1 F34 1993Arabism and Islam: Stateless Nations and Nationless States / Christine Helms / 1990 /BP 190.5 A67 H45 1990Arabs Face the Modern World: Religious, Cultural and Political Responses to the West / Nissim Rejwan /1998 / DS 36.82 R45 1998Aristocratic Violence and Holy War: Studies in the Jihad and the Arab-Byzantine Frontier / Michael Bonner/ 1996 / DS 38.6 B74 1996Army of Roses: Inside the World of Palestinian Women Suicide Bombers / Barbara Victor / 2003 /

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HV 6545.9 V53 2003Aspects of Islam / Duncan Black Macdonald / 1911 / BP 161 M27Aspects of the Iranian Revolution / M. Taghi Farvar / 1980 / DS 318.8 F3 1980Assad and the Peace Process: The Pivotal Role of Lebanon / Stephen Pelletiere / 1995 /DS 95.6 L4 P45 1995An Assessment of the Iranian Presidential Elections / Woodrow Wilson Center / 2002 /DS 318.825 A884 2002At the Heart of Terror: Islam, Jihadists and America's War on Terrorism / Monte and Princess Palmer /2004 / HV 6431 P347 2004The Attributes of Divine Perfection: The Concept of God in Islam / 1995 / BP 166.2 G49713 1989Authoritarian Power and State Formation in Ba'thist Syria: Army, Party and Peasant / RaymondHinnebusch / 1990 / JQ 1825 S873 B31975 1990Authority and Political Culture in Shi'ism / Said Amir Arjomand, ed. / 1988 / BP 194.9 G68 A94 1988Authority in Islam: From Muhammad to Khomeini / Mehdi Mozaffari / 1987 / JC 49 M6713 1987Authority in Islam: From the Rise of Muhammad to the Establishment of the Umayyads / Hamid Dabashi /1989 / BP 165.7 D33 1989Autocracy, Modernization and Revolution in Russia and Iran / Tim McDaniel / 1991 / DK 265 M3743 1991The Babi and Baha'i Religions: From Messianic Shi'ism to a World Religion / Peter Smith / 1987 /BP 330 S65 1987Al-Babu 'l-Hadi 'Ashar: A Treatise on the Principles of Shi'ite Theology / Allama-i-Hilli / 1928 /BP 195 S5 H3The Baha'is of Iran / Roger Cooper / 1985 / BP 370 C66 1985Bases of Islamic Culture / Syed Abdul Latif / 1959 / BP 134 C5 L1Beams of Illumination from the Divine Revelation: Juz’ ‘Amma, the Last Section of the Qur’an / Tafsir byShaykh Fadhlallah Haeri / 1985 / BP 129.42 H34 1985Being Modern in Iran / Fariba Adelkhah / 2000 / HN 670.2 A8 A3413 2000Bell’s Introduction to the Qur’an / W. Montgomery Watt / 1977 / BP 130 B45 1977The Betrayal of Iran / Abd al-Rahman / 1979 / DS 318 A613Between Ballots and Bullets: Algeria's Transition from Authoritarianism / William B. Quandt / 1998 /JQ 3231 Q36 1998Between Jihad and Salaam: Profiles in Islam / Joyce Davis / 1997 / BP 70 D32 1997Between Memory and Desire: The Middle East in a Troubled Age / R. Stephen Humphreys / 1999 /DS 63.1 H856 1999Between Pragmatism and Ideology: The Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan, 1989-1994 / Sabah El-Said / 1995/ BP 10 J383 E44 1995Between Quran and Crown: The Challenges of Political Legitimacy in the Arab World / Tamara Sonn /1990 / DS 38.9 S58 1990185Beyond Veil and Holy War: Islamic Teachings and Muslim Practices with Biblical Comparisons / SaleemAhmed / 2002 / BP 172 A36 2002The Bezels of Wisdom / Ibn 'Arabi / 1980 / BP 189.26 I2513 1980The Bible, the Qur’an and Science: The Holy Scriptures Examined in the Light of Modern Knowledge /1987 / BP 134 B4 B8313Bin Laden: The Man Who Declared War on America / Yossef Bodansky / 2001 / HV 6430 B55 B63 2001Bin Laden and the Balkans: The Politics of Anti-Terrorism / International Crisis Group / 2001 /HV 6433 B3 B56 2001Bin Laden, Islam and America's New "War on Terrorism" / As'ad AbuKhalil / 2002 /HV 6432.5 T15 A165 2002The Biting Falsehood: A Study of Islam and Western Thought / D. Abdullah / 1984 / BP 173.7 A2 B5Bitter Legacy: Ideology and Politics in the Arab World / Paul Salem / 1994 / DS 63.1 S255 1994The Black Book of the Lebanese Elections of May 25, 1947 / National Lebanese Bloc Party / 1947 /DS 86 A5

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A Book of Quranic Laws / Muhammad Valibhai Merchant / 1947 / BP 134 L4 M5Boundaries of Faith: Geographical Perspectives on Religious Fundamentalism / Roger W. Stump / 2000 /BL 238 S82 2000Bring Down the Walls: Lebanon's Postwar Challenge / Carole Dagher / 2000 / DS 87.54 D34 2000Building a Palestinian State: The Incomplete Revolution / Glenn Robinson / 1997 / DS 119.6 R6456 1997The Caliphate Agitation in India (1919-1923) and Its Influence upon British Near Eastern Policy / GeorgeBeck / 1952 / DS 480.5 B4The Call from Algeria: Third Worldism, Revolution and the Turn to Islam / Robert Malley / 1996 /DT 295.5 M34 1996The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World / Francis Robinson, ed. / 1996 /DS 35.63 C35 1996The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization / Richard Bulliet / 2004 / DS 36.85 B85 2004Censorship in Islamic Societies / Trevor Mostyn / 2002 / BP 173.66 M67 2002Central Asia: Islam and the State / International Crisis Group / 2003 / DK 859.5 C468 2003Central Asia: Its Strategic Importance and Future Prospects / Hafeez Malik, ed. / 1994 / DK 859.5 C461994Central Asia: The New Geopolitics / Graham Fuller / 1992 / DK 859 F85Central Asia and the Caucasus after the Soviet Union: Domestic and International Dynamics / 1994 /DK 859.5 C454 1994The Challenge of Fundamentalism: Political Islam and the New World Disorder / Bassam Tibi / 1998 /BP 173.7 T56 1998The Challenge of Islam / Altaf Gauhar, ed. / 1978 / BP 161.2 C49Change and the Muslim World / Philip Stoddard, David Cuthell and Margaret Sullivan, eds. / 1981 /BP 60 C42A Changing Turkey: The Challenge to Europe and the United States / Heinz Kramer / 2000 /DR 576 K73 2000Christian-Muslim Encounters / Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and Wadi Zaidan Haddad, eds. / 1995 /BP 172 C434 1995Chronology of Religion and Politics in Lebanon, 1982-1984 / Center for the Study of the Modern ArabWorld / 1982-84 / DS 42.4 C4AChronology of World Terrorism, 1901-2001 / Henry Mattox / 2004 / HV 6431 M379 2004 REFCities of God: Faith, Politics and Pluralism in Judaism, Christianity and Islam / Nigel Biggar, et al., eds. /1986 / BL 65 P7 C57 1986Civil Democratic Islam: Partners, Resources and Strategies / Cheryl Benard / 2003 / BP 173.63 B46 2003Civil Society, Democracy and the Muslim World / Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul / 1997 /JC 336 C58 1996Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92 / Edgar O'Ballance / 1998 / DS 87.5 O14 1998A Clarification of Questions: An Unabridged Translation of Resaleh Towzih al-Masael / Imam RuhollahKhomeini / 1984 / BP 194.2 K4813 1984Classical Islam: A Sourcebook of Religious Literature / Norman Calder, et al., eds. / 2003 /BP 89 C56 2003Commandments by God in the Quran / Compiled by Ch. Nazar Mohammad / 1991 / BP 109 M64 1991The Concept of an Islamic State / Sohail Mahmood / 1989 / JC 49 M23 1989Concept of War in Islam / Muhammad Abu Zahra / 1961 / BP 182 A29The Concise History of Islam and the Origin of Its Empires / Gregory Kozlowski / 1991 /BP 161.2 K68 1991Conflicts and Tensions in Islamic Jurisprudence / Noel Coulson / 1969 / BP 144 C68The Constitution of Iran / Asghar Schirazi / 1997 / KMH 2101 S34 1997Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran / 1979 / KPF I7 1979 REFConstitutions in a Nonconstitutional World: Arab Basic Laws and the Prospects for AccountableGovernment / Nathan J. Brown / 2002 / KMC 524 B76 2002Contemporary Arab Political Thought / Anouar Abdel-Malek / 1983 / JA 84 A6 P4613 1983

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Contemporary Debates in Islam: An Anthology of Modernist and Fundamental Thought / Mansoor Moaddeland Kamran Talattof / 2000 / BP 163 C64 2000Contemporary Islamic Movements in Historical Perspective / Ira Lapidus / 1983 / BP 60 L37 1983The Contemporary Islamic Revival: A Critical Survey and Bibliography / Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, JohnVoll and John Esposito / 1991 / BP 60 H23The Contemporary Middle East: Tradition and Innovation / Benjamin Rivlin and Joseph Szyliowicz, eds. /1965 / DS 57 R77Contested Holiness: Jewish, Muslim and Christian Perspectives on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem / RivkaGonen / 2003 / DS 109.28 G66 2003Contrasts and Solutions in the Middle East / Ole Hoiris and Sefa Martin Yurukel, eds. / 1997 /DS 57 C66x 1997Conversion to Islam / Nehemia Levtzion, ed. / 1979 / BP 52 C66Cosmopolitanism, Identity and Authenticity in the Middle East / Roel Meijer, ed. / 1999 /DS 63.1 C68 1999Counsels in Contemporary Islam / Kenneth Cragg / 1965 / D 199.3 I8 no. 3Creating Enemies of the State: Religious Persecution in Uzbekistan / Human Rights Watch / 2004 /BR 1608 U9 C74 2004The Creed of Islam / Abdel Haleem Mahmud / 1978 / BP 165.5 M3313 1978The Crisis in Algeria / U.S. House of Representatives / Hearing: March 22, 1994 / DT 295.5 C75 1994The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror / Bernard Lewis / 2003 / BP 182 L48 2003The Crisis of Modern Islam: A Preindustrial Culture in the Scientific-Technological Age / Bassam Tibi /1988 / BP 163 T5313 1988The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives / Carole Hillenbrand / 2000 / D 157 H55 2000The Crusades through Arab Eyes / Amin Maalouf / 1985 / DS 38.6 M3213 1985Cultural Diversity and Islam / Abdul Aziz Said and Meena Sharify-Funk, eds. / 2003 / BP 173.25 C85 2003Cultural Foundations of Iranian Politics / M. Reza Behnam / 1986 / JQ 1785 B44 1986The Deadly Embrace: The Impact of Israeli and Palestinian Rejectionism on the Peace Process / Ilana Kassand Bard O’Neill / 1997 / DS 119.7 K2996 1997Dealing with Hamas / International Crisis Group / 2004 / DS 119.76 D43 2004The Decline of the Soviet Union and the Transformation of the Middle East / David Goldberg and PaulMarantz, eds. / 1994 / DK 68.5 D43 1994Defeating the Jihadists: A Blueprint for Action / Richard Clarke, et al. / 2004 / HV 6432 D436 2004Defenders of God: The Fundamentalist Revolt Against the Modern Age / Bruce Lawrence / 1989 /BL 238 L38 1989Defining Islam for the Egyptian State: Muftis and Fatwas of the Dar al-Ifta / Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen /1997 / BP 64 E3 S64 1997Democracy and Islam in the New Constitution of Afghanistan / RAND / 2003 / JQ 1763 A5 2003Democracy Betrayed / National Council of Resistance of Iran / 1995 / DS 318.83 D45 1995Democratic Formation in Palestine / Arab Thought Forum / 2001 / DS 119.76 D4663 2001Democratization and the Islamist Challenge in the Arab World / Najib Ghadbian / 1997 /BP 63 A4 A7247 1997Democratization in the Middle East: Experiences, Struggles, Challenges / Amin Saikal and AlbrechtSchnabel, eds. / 2003 / JQ 1758 A91 D466 2003A Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopaedia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies and Customs, Togetherwith the Technical and Theological Terms, of the Muhammadan Religion / Thomas Patrick Hughes /1935 / BP 40 H8 1935 REFA Discourse on the Islamic Republic / Ayatollah Murtaza Mutahhari / 1985 / BP 63 I68 M868 1985Discovering Islam: Making Sense of Muslim History and Society / Akbar S. Ahmed / 1988 /187BP 52 A35 1988

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Discovering the Qur'an: A Contemporary Approach to a Veiled Text / Neal Robinson / 2003 /BP 130.4 R58 2003Divided Kashmir / Mushtaqur Rahman / 1996 / DS 485 K27 R33 1996The Dual Nature of Islamic Fundamentalism / Johannes J.G. Jansen / 1997 / BP 166.14 F85 J36 1997The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution / Jahangir Amuzegar / 1991 / DS 316.32 A48 1991The Early Years of the Saudi State in the Twentieth Century / George Rentz / 1977 / DS 225 R3Egypt: The Stalled Society / Hamied Ansari / 1986 / DT 107.827 A57 1986Egypt after Nasser / Thomas Lippman / 1989 / DT 107.85 L56 1989Egypt and the Crisis of Islam / Zahia Ragheb Dajani / 1990 / BP 64 E3 D35 1990Egypt as a Failing State: Implications for US National Security / U.S. Air Force / 2003 /DT 82.5 U6 B458 2003Egypt at the Crossroads / Phebe Marr, ed. / 1999 / DT 107.87 E34 1999Egypt from Independence to Revolution, 1919-1952 / Selma Botman / 1991 / DT 107 B58 1991Egypt in Search of Political Community / Nadav Safran / 1961 / DT 107 S2Egypt, Islam and Democracy: Critical Essays / Saad Eddin Ibrahim / 2002 / DT 107.827 I24 2002The Egypt of the Future / Edward Dicey / 1907 / DT 82 D5Egypt Under Pressure / Scandinavian Institute of African Studies / 1986 / DT 46 E49 1986The Emergence of a New Lebanon: Fantasy or Reality? / Edward E. Azar, et al. / 1984 / DS 87 E47 1984Endless Torment: The 1991 Uprising in Iraq and Its Aftermath / Human Rights Watch / 1992 /JC 599 I72 G6 1992Enemy in the Mirror: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Limits of Modern Rationalism / Roxanne Euben /1999 / BP 166.14 F85 E93 1999Erased in a Moment: Suicide Bombing Attacks Against Israeli Civilians / Human Rights Watch / 2002 /JC 599 I87 S76 2002Essays on Eastern Questions / William Palgrave / 1872 / DS 42.5 P3The Essential Teachings of Islam / Kerry Brown and Martin Palmer, eds. / 1987 / BP 130.4 E88The Eternal Message of Muhammad / Abd al-Rahman Azzam / 1993 / BP 161.2 A97913 1993Ethico-Religious Concepts in the Qur’an / Toshihiko Izutsu / 1966 / BP 134 E8 I9 1966Ethics and the Gulf War: Religion, Rhetoric and Righteousness / Kenneth Vaux / 1992 /DS 79.72 V37 1992Ethnic Conflict and International Politics in the Middle East / Leonard Binder, ed. / 1999 /DS 62.8 E84 1999Everyday Islam: Religion and Tradition in Rural Central Asia / Sergei Poliakov / 1992 /DK 859 P6513 1992Everyday Life in the Muslim Middle East / Donna Bowen and Evelyn Early, eds. / 2002 / DS 57 E94 2002Expectation of the Millennium / Seyyed Hossein Nasr, ed. / 1989 / BP 194.185 E96 1989Extremism in Uzbekistan / Bakhram Tursunov / 2002 / BP 63 U9 T87 2002Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects / Matti Moosa / 1988 / BP 193.5 M68 1988The Eye of the Beholder: The Life of Muhammad as Viewed by the Early Muslims: A Textual Analysis / UriRubin / 1995 / BP 75.3 R83 1995The Eye of the Heart: An Introduction to Sufism and the Major Tariqats of Anatolia and the Balkans /Yasar Nuri Ozturk / 1988 / BP 188.8 T9 O98 1988Fables of the Ancients? Folklore in the Qur’an / Alan Dundes / 2003 / BP 130.58 D86 2003Facts and Myths on the People's Mojahedin of Iran: Examples of the Lies, Distortions and Fabrications inErvand Abrahamian's "The Iranian Mojahedin / Association of Committed Professors of IranianUniversities / 1990 / DS 318.825 A273 1990Fadlallah: The Making of a Radical Shi'ite Leader / Jamal Sankari / 2005 / BP 80 F24 S26 2005The Failure of Political Islam / Olivier Roy / 1994 / BP 63 A4 M537313 1994Faith and Power: The Politics of Islam / Edward Mortimer / 1982 / BP 63 A4 N425 1982The Faith of Islam / Edward Sell / 1880 / BP 50 S4The Fall of Iran 1978-1979: An Historical Anthology / Charles Ismail Semkus / 1979 / DS 318 F3Fatal Choices: Israel's Policy of Targeted Killing / Steven R. David / 2002 / HV 6535 I8 D38 2002Fatima Is Fatima / Ali Shariati / 1980 / BP 80 F36 S48

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Female Warriors of Allah: Women and the Islamic Revolution / Minou Reeves / 1989 /HQ 1735.2 R44 1989"Fight on All Fronts": Hizballah, the War on Terror, and the War in Iraq / Ely Karmon /2003 /188JQ 1828 A98 K37 2003Fighting Terrorism: How Democracies Can Defeat Domestic and International Terrorists / BenjaminNetanyahu / 1995 / HV 6431 N48 1995The First War on Terrorism: Counter-Terrorism Policy during the Reagan Administration / David Wills /2003 / HV 6432 W55 2003Forbidden Agendas: Intolerance and Defiance in the Middle East / Khamsin / 1984 / DS 42.4 F67 1984Forbidding Wrong in Islam: An Introduction / Michael Cook / 2003 / BJ 1291 C662 2003Foreign Hostages in Lebanon / Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies / 1988 / DS 87.2 B88The Forgotten Queens of Islam / Fatima Mernissi / 1993 / DS 38.4 A2 M4713 1993The Formation and Perception of the Modern Arab World / Marwan Buheiry / 1989 / DS 63.2 U5 B82 1989The Formation of al-Andalus / Manuela Marin, ed. / 1998 / DP 103 F67 1998Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith / Benjamin Walker / 1998 / BP 161.2 W33 1998The Fragmentation of Afghanistan / Barnett Rubin / 2002 / DS 371.2 R83 2002Freedom of Expression in Islam / Mohammad Hashim Kamali / 1997 / BP 173.66 K36 1997From House to House: Abuses by Mahalla Committees / Human Rights Watch / 2003 /DK 948.8657 U93 2003From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam / Said Amir Arjomand, ed. / 1984 / DS 62.4 F76 1984From Palace to Prison: Inside the Iranian Revolution / Ehsan Naraghi / 1994 / DS 316.9 N37 A3 1994From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates / Frauke Heard-Bey / 2004 / DS 247 T88 H4 2004From Zarathustra to Khomeini: Populism and Dissent in Iran / Manochehr Dorraj / 1990 /DS 272 D67 1990A Fundamental Fear: Eurocentrism and the Emergence of Islamism / Bobby Sayyid / 1997 /BP 163 S356 1997The Fundamental Principles and Precepts of Islamic Government / Abolhassan Banisadr / 1981 /JC 49 B3313Fundamentalism: Sect or Mass Movement? / Nico Kielstra / 1990 / BP 163 K555 1990The Fundamentalisms Project / Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby, eds. / BL 238 F83 v. 1-5:Fundamentalisms Observed (1991)Fundamentalisms and Society: Reclaiming the Sciences, the Family and Education (1993)Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities, Economies and Militance (1993)Accounting for Fundamentalisms: The Dynamic Character of Movements (1994)Fundamentalisms Comprehended (1995)Fundamentals of Islamic Thought / Ayatollah Murtaza Mutahhari / 1985 / BP 163 M88 1985Funding Evil: How Terrorism Is Financed – And How To Stop It / Rachel Ehrenfeld / 2003 /HV 6431 E394 2003The Future of Muslim Civilisation / Ziauddin Sardar / 1979 / BP 163 S35The Future of Political Islam / Graham Fuller / 2003 / BP 173.7 F8554 2003The Future of the Islamic Revival / U.S. Army War College / 1981 / BP 173.5 T33The Future of the Soviet Role in Afghanistan / Francis Fukuyama / 1980 / DS 357.6 R9 F8 1980Gardens of the Righteous: Riyadh as-Salihin of Imam Nawawi / Muhammad Zafrulla Khan / 1989 /BP 135 A2 N363 1989Gender and Citizenship in the Middle East / Suad Joseph, ed. / 2000 / JQ 1758 A92 G45 2000The Genesis of Pakistan / K. Sarwar Hasan / 1950 / DS 384 H34Ghost Wars / Steve Coll / 2004 / DS 357.6 U5 C63 2004A Glance at Two Years of War / Islamic Revolution's Guards Corps / 1982 / DS 318.8 I77 G5 1982Global Support for the Peace Plan of the National Council of Resistance of Iran / 1986 /DS 318.85 G56 1986The Global War on Terrorism: The First 100 Days / Coalition Information Centers / 2001 /HV 6433 G6 G562 2001The Globalization of Terror: The Challenge of Al-Qaida and the Response of the International Community /

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Yoram Schweitzer and Shaul Shay / 2003 / HV 6432.5 Q2 S3713 2003Globalized Islam: The Search for a New Ummah / Olivier Roy / 2004 / BP 163 R693 2004The Glorious Kur’an / Translation and Commentary by A. Yusuf Ali / 1973 / BP 109 A37 1973God and Juggernaut: Iran’s Intellectual Encounter with Modernity / Farzin Vahdat / 2002 /DS 316.4 V34 2002God Has Ninety-Nine Names: Reporting from the Middle East / Judith Miller / 1996 /BP 63 A4 M53625 1996God Is One: The Way of Islam / R. Marston Speight / 1989 / BP 161.2 S64 1989189God, Soul and Universe in Science and Islam / Mohammed Yamin Khan / 1947 / BP 175 S21 K5 1947God's Rule: Government and Islam / Patricia Crone / 2004 / DS 38.2 C76 2004The Golden Age of Islam / Maurice Lombard / 2004 / DS 35.6 L6513 2004Guests of God: Pilgrimage and Politics in the Islamic World / Robert Bianchi / 2004 / BP 187.3 B53 2004A Guide to the Contents of the Qur’an / Faruq Sherif / 1995 / BP 130 S538 1995Habib Bourguiba, Islam and the Creation of Tunisia / Norma Salem / 1984 / DT 264.3 B6 S24 1984Hajj / Ali Shari'ati / 1978 / BP 187.3 S48 1978Hamas: From Religious Salvation to Political Transformation: The Rise of Hamas in Palestinian Society /Hisham Ahmad / 1994 / DS 119.7 A62894 1994Hamas: Political Thought and Practice / Khaled Hroub / 2000 / DS 119.7 H37644 2000Hamas’s Development Efforts in the Gaza Strip: Grass Roots Initiatives, Democratic Participation and theRole of Women / Michael Brown / 1997 / DS 119.7 B769 1997Has Usama bin Laden Sprung from the Womb of "Wahhabism"? / Abdalla M. Tayer Mohammed andMohammed A. Al-Sheikh / 2002 / BP 195 W2 T394 2002The Hazaras / Hassan Poladi / 1989 / DS 354.6 H3 P65 1989Hazrat Ali's Letters and Sayings from the Nahj ul-Balagha / Ali ibn Abu Talib / 1981 /BP 193.1 A2 S513 1981Heart of Qur’an and Perfect Mizan: Surat Ya Sin / Tafsir by Shaykh Fadhlallah Haeri / 1983 /BP 128.78 H34 1983Heirs of the Prophets: An Account of the Clergy and Priests of Islam, the Personnel of the Mosque and"Holy Men" / Samuel Zwemer / 1946 / BP 163 Z9Hezbollah: Born with a Vengeance / Hala Jaber / 1997 / HV 6432.5 H5 J224 1997Highlights of Imam Khomeini’s Speeches (Nov 5, 80-Apr 28, 81) / 1981 / DS 318.815 K4653 1981The History of al-Tabari / Abu Jafar Muhammad b. Jarir al-Tabari / 1980s and 1990s / DS 38.2 T313A History of Christian-Muslim Relations / Hugh Goddard / 2000 / BP 172 G633 2000The History of Iran / Elton Daniel / 2000 / DS 272 D36 2000A History of Islamic Legal Theories / Wael Hallaq / 1997 / K 417 H35 1997A History of Islamic Societies / Ira Lapidus / 2002 / DS 35.63 L37 2002A History of Islamic Spain / W. Montgomery Watt / 1965 / D 199.3 I8 no. 4The History of Islamic Theology: From Muhammad to the Present / Tilman Nagel / 2000 /BP 166.1 N3413 2000The History of Jerusalem: The Early Muslim Period, 638-1099 / Joshua Prawer and Haggai Ben-Shammai,eds. / 1996 / DS 109.916 S4413 1996The History of Modern Egypt / P.J. Vatikiotis / 1991 / DT 107 V38 1991The History of Saudi Arabia / Alexei Vassiliev / 2000 / DS 223 V37 2000A History of the Crusades / Steven Runciman / 1951 / D 157 R8History of the Order of Assassins / Enno Franzius / 1969 / BP 195 A8 F7A History of the Sudan / P.M. Holt and M.W. Daly / 2000 / DT 155.6 H64 2000The History of the Wahabis from Their Origin until the End of 1809 / Louis Alexandre Olivier de Corancez /1995 / BP 195 W2 C613 1995Hizb'allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis / Magnus Ranstorp / 1997 /DS 87.5 R367 1997Hizbu’llah: Politics and Religion / Amal Saad-Ghorayeb / 2002 / JQ 1825 H5 S233 2002

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Hizbullah: The Story from Within / Naim Qassem / 2005 / HV 6432.5 H5 Q37 2005Holier Than Thou: Saudi Arabia's Islamic Opposition / Joshua Teitelbaum / 2000 / DS 244.63 T458 2000The Holy Koran / A.J. Arberry / 1953 / BP 110 A7The Holy Qur’an / Text, Translation and Commentary by A. Yusuf Ali / 1946 / BP 100 A21 1946The Holy Qur’an / Translation and Commentary by Maulana Muhammad Ali / 1973 / BP 100 E5 1973Holy Terror: Inside the World of Islamic Terrorism / Amir Taheri / 1987 / BP 60 T34 1987Holy War / Wilhelm Dietl / 1984 / DS 63.1 D5313 1984Holy War: The Crusaders and Their Impact on Today's World / Karen Armstrong / 1991 / D 157 A76 1991Holy War, Inc.: Inside the Secret World of Osama bin Laden / Peter Bergen / 2002 /HV 6430 B55 B47 2002The Holy War Idea in Western and Islamic Traditions / James T. Johnson / 1997 / BT 736.2 J64 1997Holy Wars: The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism / Dilip Hiro / 1989 / BP 63 A4 M534 1989How to Understand Islam / Jacques Jomier / 1989 / BP 161.2 J713 1989Human Rights in Islamic Law / Ibrahim Abdulla Al-Marzouqi / 2000 / JC 599 I74 M37 2000190I Speak for Lebanon / Kamal Joumblatt / 1982 / DS 87 J6Ibn Khaldun and Islamic Ideology / Bruce Lawrence, ed. / 1984 / D 116.7 I3 I27 1984Ibn Sa'ud's Warriors of Islam: The Ikhwan of Najd and Their Role in the Creation of the Sa'udi Kingdom,1910-1930 / John S. Habib / 1978 / DS 244 H26The Idea of Pakistan / Stephen Cohen / 2004 / DS 376.9 C63 2004Identity Crisis: Israel and Its Arab Citizens / International Crisis Group / 2004 / DS 113.7 I346 2004The Ideological Revolution in the Middle East / Leonard Binder / 1964 / DS 63 B5If Islam Were To Be Established / Ayatollah Muhammed Shirazi / 2000 / BP 173.6 S525 2000Imams and Emirs: State, Religion and Sects in Islam / Fuad Khuri / 1990 / BP 161.2 K58An Important Manuscript of the Traditions of Bukhari, with Nine Facsimile Reproductions / A. Mingana /1936 / BP 135 M55In Search of Leadership: West Bank Politics since 1967 / Emile Sahliyeh / 1988 / DS 110 W47 S24 1988In the Name of Osama bin Laden: Global Terrorism and the Bin Laden Brotherhood / Roland Jacquard /2002 / HV 6430 B55 J3313 2002In the Path of Hizbullah / Ahmad Nizar Hamzeh / 2004 / HV 6432.5 H5 H36 2004In the Shadow of Islam: The Women’s Movement in Iran / Azar Tabari and Nahid Yeganeh, eds. / 1982 /HQ 1735.2 I5 1982In the Shadow of the Prophet: The Struggle for the Soul of Islam / Milton Viorst / 1998 /BP 173.5 V48 1998In Whose Image? Political Islam and Urban Practices in Sudan / T. Abdou Maliqalim Simone / 1994 /BP 64 S73 S57 1994Index of Qur’anic Topics / Ashfaque Ullah Syed / 1998 / BP 133 S92 1998India Divided / Rajendra Prasad / 1947 / DS 448 P7 1947India, Pakistan and the Kashmir Dispute / Robert Wirsing / 1998 / DS 485 K27 W57 1998Inheriting Syria: Bashar's Trial by Fire / Flynt Leverett / 2005 / DS 98.6 L48 2005Initiatives and Actions Taken by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the War on Terrorism / Embassy of SaudiArabia / 2003 / HV 6433 S2 I55 2003Initiatives and Actions Taken by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to Combat Terrorism / Embassy of SaudiArabia / 2004 / HV 6433 S2 I552 2004Inquiries About Islam / Imam Mohamad Jawad Chirri / 1965 / BP 165 C55 1965Inside Al Qaeda: How I Infiltrated the World's Deadliest Terrorist Organization / Mohamed Sifaoui / 2004 /HV 6431 S54 2004Inside Sudan: Political Islam, Conflict and Catastrophe / Don Petterson / 2003 / DT 157.5 P47 2003Intellectual Discourse and the Politics of Modernization: Negotiating Modernity in Iran / Ali Mirsepassi /

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2000 / DS 316.6 M57 2000Intellectual Origins of Islamic Resurgence in the Modern Arab World / Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi / 1996 /BP 60 A26 1996Internal and External Dynamics of South Asian Security / Moonis Ahmar, ed. / 1998 / DS 340 I67 1998International Human Rights and Islamic Law / Mashood Baderin / 2003 / KBP 2460 B33 2003International Islamic Conference / Islamic Research Institute / 1968 / DS 38 I55 1968The Interpretation of the Koran in Modern Egypt / J.J.G. Jansen / 1980 / BP 130.45 J36 1980An Interpretation of the Qur’an: English Translation of the Meanings / Majid Fakhry / 2002 /BP 109 F35 2002Intifada / Ze'ev Schiff and Ehud Ya'ari / 1990 / DS 110 W47 S34 1990Into the Shadows: Radical Vigilantes in Khatami's Iran / Michael Rubin / 2000 / DS 318.9 R83 2000Introduction to Islam / Bruce Barnes, ed. / 1984 / BP 161.2 I57 1984Introduction to Islam / M. Cherif Bassiouni / 1988 / BP 161.2 B33 1988Introduction to Islam / Muhammad Hamidullah / 1979 / BP 161.2 H25 1979Introduction to Islamic Civilization: Course Syllabus and Selected Readings / Marshall G.S. Hodgson /1958-59 / DS 223 H55An Introduction to Islamic Law / Joseph Schacht / 1964 / BP 144 S3An Introduction to Shi'i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism / Moojan Momen / 1985 /BP 193.5 M66 19895An Introduction to the Hadith / John Burton / 1994 / BP 135 B79 1994Iqtisaduna/Our Economics / Muhammad Baqir as-Sadr / 1982 / BP 173.75 S23Iran: A Decade of War and Revolution / David Menashri / 1990 / DS 318.825 M46 1990Iran: A Revolution in Turmoil / Haleh Afshar, ed. / 1985 / DS 318 I686 1985Iran: At War with History / John Limbert / 1987 / DS 254.5 L56 1987Iran: Dilemmas of Dual Containment / Anthony Cordesman and Ahmed Hashim / 1997 /191UA 853 I7 C63 1997Iran: From Religious Dispute to Revolution / Michael M.J. Fischer / 2003 / BP 192.7 I68 F57 2003Iran: Political Culture in the Islamic Republic / Samih Farsoun and Mehrdad Mashayekhi, eds. / 1992 /DS 318.825 I65 1992Iran after Khomeini / Shireen Hunter / 1992 / DS 318.8 H865 1992Iran after the Revolution / Saeed Rahnema and Sohrab Behdad, eds. / 1995 / DS 318.8 I73 1995Iran and its Neighbors / Shahram Chubin / 1987 / DS 274.2 I55 C48Iran and the Arab World / Hooshang Amirahmadi and Nader Entessar, eds. / 1993 / DS 63.2 I68 I68 1993Iran and the World / Shireen Hunter / 1990 / DS 318.83 H86 1990Iran at the Crossroads / Global Dialogue / 2001 / DS 318.8 I736 2001Iran Encountering Globalization: Problems and Prospects / Ali Mohammadi, ed. / 2003 /DS 318.825 I64 2003Iran Erupts: Independence: News and Analysis of the Iranian National Movement / Ali-Reza Nobari, ed. /1978 / DS 318 I68Iran in the Twentieth Century / M. Reza Ghods / 1989 / DS 316.6 G49 1989The Iran-Iraq War: Impact and Implications / Efraim Karsh, ed. / 1989 / DS 318.85 I69 1989Iran, Iraq and the Legacies of War / Lawrence Potter and Gary Sick, eds. / 2004 / DS 318.85 I635 2004Iran Revolution Chronology 1977-78 / National Security Archive / DS 316.6 I736 1977 REFIran since the Revolution / Social Research / 2000 / DS 318.8 S62 2000Iran under the Ayatollahs / Dilip Hiro / 1985 / DS 318.8 H57 1985Iran's Elections: Implications for US Policy / MEI / 1997 / DS 318.825 I68 1997Iran’s First Revolution: Shi’ism and the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1909 / Mangol Bayat / 1991 /DS 313 B39 1991Iran's Revolution: The Search for Consensus / R.K. Ramazani, ed. / 1989 / DS 318.825 I7 1989Iran's Security Policy in the Post-Revolutionary Era / RAND / 2001 / UA 853 I7 I72 2001Iran’s Seizure of the United States Embassy / Hearings, US House of Representatives / 1981 /E 183.8 I55 I73 1981

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Iranian Intellectuals and the West / Mehrzad Boroujerdi / 1996 / DS 316.4 B67 1996Iranian Islamic Clergy: Governmental Politics and Theocracy / Middle East Institute / 1984 /DS 318.8 I718 1984The Iranian Labyrinth / Dilip Hiro / 2005 / DS 254.5 H57 2005Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran under the Shah and Khomeini/ H.E. Chehabi / 1990 / DS 318 C47 1990The Iranian Revolution / Race & Class / 1979 / DS 319 I7 A3The Iranian Revolution: Its Global Impact / John Esposito, ed. / 1990 / DS 318.825 I736 1990The Iranian Revolution: Thanatos on a National Scale / Gholam Afkhami / 1985 / DS 318 A65 1985The Iranian Revolution and the Islamic Republic / Nikki Keddie and Eric Hooglund, eds. / 1986 /DS 318.8 I72 1982The Iranian Revolution and the Muslim World / David Menashri, ed. / 1990 / BP 192.7 I68 I73 1990Iranian Revolution in Perspective / Society for Iranian Studies / 1980 / SerialThe Iranian Revolution Then and Now / Dariush Zahedi / 2000 / DS 318.825 Z34 2000Iraq's Shiites Under Occupation / International Crisis Group / 2003 / DS 70.8 S55 I73 2003The Iraqi-Iranian Dispute: Facts v. Allegations / Iraq Ministry of Foreign Affairs / 1980 /DS 70.96 I55 I7371980Is Radical Islam Inevitable in Central Asia? Priorities for Engagement / International Crisis Group / 2003 /DK 859.56 I58 2003Islam / Isma’il Raji al Faruqi / 1984 / BP 161.2 F37Islam / Alfred Guillaume / 1954 / BP 161 G87Islam / Henri Masse / 1938 / BP 161 M43Islam / Fazlur Rahman / 1979 / BP 161.2 R29 1979Islam / John Alden Williams, ed. / 1962 / BP 161.2 W5 1962Islam: A Challenge to Religion / G.A. Parwez / 1968 / BP 161.2 P3Islam: A Primer / John Sabini / 1990 / BP 161.2 S18 1990Islam: A Way of Life / Philip K. Hitti / 1970 / BP 161.2 H588 1970Islam: An Introduction / Annemarie Schimmel / 1992 / BP 55 S3413 1992Islam: Beliefs and Institutions / H. Lammens / 1979 / BP 161 L252 1979Islam: Beliefs and Observances / Caesar Farah / 1968 / BP 161.2 F3Islam: Beliefs and Practices / A.S. Tritton / 1951 / BP 161 T68Islam: Continuity and Change in the Modern World / John Voll / 1994 / BP 60 V64 1994192Islam: Its Meaning and Message / Khurshid Ahmad, ed. / 1976 / BP 161.2 I86Islam: Its Meaning for Modern Man / Muhammad Zafrulla Khan / 1962 / BP 161.2 K47Islam: Its Prophet, Peoples, Politics and Power / George W. Braswell, Jr. / 1996 / BP 161.2 B73 1996Islam: Legacy of the Past, Challenge of the Future / Don Peretz, et al. / 1984 / BP 163 P42Islam: Origin and Belief / Emory Bogle / 1998 / BP 50 B65 1998Islam: Muhammad and His Religion / Arthur Jeffery, ed. / 1958 / BP 161 J4Islam: Our Choice / S.A. Khulusi / 1961 / BP 167 K6Islam: Politics and Religion in the Muslim World / Th omas Lippman / 1982 / E 744 H43 no. 258Islam: State and Society / Klaus Ferdinand and Mehdi Mozaffari / 1988 / BP 173.7 I75 1988Islam: The Fear and the Hope / Habib Boulares / 1990 / BP 161.2 B67 1990Islam: The Religious and Political Life of a World Community / Marjorie Kelly, ed. / 1984 /BP 161.2 I882 1984Islam: The Straight Path / John Esposito / 1991 / BP 161.2 E85 1991Islam: The Straight Path: Islam Interpreted by Muslims / Kenneth Morgan, ed. / 1958 / BP 161 M63Islam: Today and Tomorrow / Kemal A. Faruki / 1974 / BP 25 F3Islam against the West: Shakib Arslan and the Campaign for Islamic Nationalism / William Cleveland /1985 / DS 86 A82 C57 1985Islam and Communism / Khalifa Abdul Hakim / 1953 / HX 550 M7 H3 1953Islam and Contemporary Society / Islamic Council of Europe / 1982 / BP 161.2 I843 1982Islam and Democracy / USIP / 2002 / BP 190.5 D45 S66 2002Islam and Democracy / John Esposito and John Voll / 1996 / JC 49 E76 1996

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Islam and Democracy: Fear of the Modern World / Fatima Mernissi / 1992 / BP 163 M47 1992Islam and Democracy: Religion, Politics and Power in the Middle East / Timothy Sisk / 1992 /BP 173.7 S58 1992Islam and Democracy in the Middle East / Larry Diamond, et al., eds. / 2003 / BP 173.7 I8536 2003Islam and Development: Religion and Sociopolitical Change / John Esposito, ed. / 1980 / BP 163 I735Islam and Ecology: A Bestowed Trust / Richard Foltz, et al., eds. / 2003 / BP 190.5 N38 I86 2003Islam and Equality: Debating the Future of Women's and Minority Rights in the Middle East and NorthAfrica / Lawyers Committee for Human Rights / 1999 / BP 173.43 I85 1999Islam and Human Rights / Ann Elizabeth Mayer / 1991 / KBL M39Islam and International Relations / J. Harris Proctor, ed. / 1965 / BP 173.5 P7Islam and Justice: Debating the Future of Human Rights in the Middle East and North Africa / LawyersCommittee for Human Rights / 1997 / JC 599 I74 I75 1997Islam and Modernity: Muslim Intellectuals Respond / John Cooper, et al., eds. / 2000 /BP 190.5 S35 I75 2000Islam and Modernization: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan, Egypt and Turkey / Javaid Saeed / 1994 /BP 63 P2 S24 1994Islam and Ownership / Seyyed Mahmood Taleqani / 1983 / BP 173.75 T35 1983Islam and Pakistan / Freeland Abbott / 1968 / BP 63 P2 A62Islam and Politics / John Esposito / 1991 / BP 63 A4 M533 1991Islam and Politics in Central Asia / Mehrdad Haghayeghi / 1995 / DK 859.5 H34 1995Islam and Power / Alexander Cudsi and Ali E. Hillal Dessouki, eds. / 1981 / BP 173.7 I84 1981Islam and Public Policy / Sohrab Behdad and Farhad Nomani, eds. / 1997 / JC 49 I85 1997Islam and Resistance in Afghanistan / Olivier Roy / 1990 / BP 63 A54 R6813 1990Islam and Revolution: Writings and Declarations of Imam Khomeini / 1981 / DS 318.84 K48 K56 1981Islam and Revolution in the Middle East / Henry Munson, Jr. / 1988 / BP 63 A4 N426 1988Islam and Russia / N.A. Smirnov / 1956 / BP 43 R8 S53Islam and Salvation in Palestine: The Islamic Jihad Movement / Meir Hatina / 2001 /DS 119.7 H3793 2001Islam and Science: Religious Orthodoxy and the Battle for Rationality / Pervez Hoodbhoy / 1991 /BP 190.5 S3 H66 1991Islam and Society in Turkey / David Shankland / 1999 / BP 173.6 S53 1999Islam and Stateness in the Modern Sudan / John Voll / 1983 / BP 173.7 V65 1983Islam and the Arabian Prophet / G.I. Kheirallah / 1938 / BP 75 K5Islam and the Challenge of Democracy / Khaled Abou El Fadl / 2004 / BP 173.7 A264 2004Islam and the Cultural Accommodation of Social Change / Bassam Tibi / 1990 / BP 173.25 T528 1990Islam and the Destiny of Man / Charles Le Gai Eaton / 1985 / BP 161.2 E27 1985Islam and the Discovery of Freedom / Rose Wilder Lane / 1997 / BP 190.5 F7 L36 1997Islam and the Economic Challenge / M. Umer Chapra / 1990 / BP 173.75 C53 1990193Islam and the Middle East: The Aesthetics of a Political Inquiry / Mona Abul-Fadl / 1990 /BP 173.7 A28 1990Islam and the Modern Muslim World / Golam W. Choudhury / 1993 / DS 35.6 C459 1993Islam and the Muslim Community / Frederick Denny / 1987 / BP 161.2 D464 1987Islam and the Muslim Ummah: Selected Speeches of Dr. Mahathir Mohamad / 2001 / BP 163 M326 2001Islam and the Plight of Modern Man / Seyyed Hossein Nasr / 1975 / BP 163 N28Islam and the State / P.J. Vatikiotis / 1987 / JC 49 V384 1987Islam and the West / Khurshid Ahmed / 1957 / BP 167 A2Islam and the West / Richard Frye, ed. / 1956 / DS 38 H35Islam and the West: A Dialog / Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad and Ahmed Yousef, eds. / 1998 /BP 173.7 I85 1998Islam and the West: A Historical Cultural Survey / Philip K. Hitti / 1962 / BP 52 H5Islam and Universal Peace / Sayyid Qutb / 1977 / BP 88 Q74Islam at the Crossroads: On the Life and Thought of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi / Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi, ed. /

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2003 / BP 253 Z8 N876 2003Islam between East and West / Alija Ali Izetbegovic / 1989 / BP 170 I94 1989Islam Condemns Racial Discrimination / Mahmoud Said Muhammad / 1967 / BP 190.5 R3 M8 1967Islam, Democracy, the State and the West: A Roundtable with Dr. Hasan Turabi / World and IslamStudies Enterprise / 1993 / BP 173.7 T87 1993Islam from Within / Kenneth Cragg and Marston Speight / 1980 / BP 161.2 I85Islam, Gender and Social Change / Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and John Esposito, eds. / 1998 /BP 173.4 I73 1998Islam, Guerrilla War and Revolution / Haim Gerber / 1988 / HX 550 I8 G43 1988Islam in a Changing World: Europe and the Middle East / Anders Jerichow and Jorgen Baek Simonsen,eds. / 1997 / BP 163 I7533 1997Islam in a Globalizing World / Thomas Simons / 2003 / BP 52 S566 2003Islam in a World of Diverse Faiths / Dan Cohn-Sherbok / 1991 / BP 161.2 I855 1991Islam in a World of Nation-States / James Piscatori / 1986 / JC 49 P57 1986Islam in Ethiopia / J. Spencer Trimingham / 1952 / BP 65 E8 T7Islam in Foreign Policy / Adeed Dawisha, ed. / 1983 / DS 35.7 I84 1983Islam in India and Pakistan / Annemarie Schimmel / 1982 / BP 63 I4 S342Islam in Iran / I.P. Petrushevsky / 1985 / BP 63 I68 P413 1985Islam in Modern History / Wilfred Cantwell Smith / 1957 / DS 38 S56Islam in Revolution: Fundamentalism in the Arab World / R. Hrair Dekmejian / 1995 /BP 63 A4 A724 1995Islam in the Contemporary World / Cyriac Pullapilly, ed. / 1980 / BP 163 I84Islam in the Indian Subcontinent / Annemarie Schimmel / 1980 / BP 63 I4 S34 1980Islam in the Modern National State / Erwin I.J. Rosenthal / 1965 / BP 173.6 R6Islam in the Political Process / James Piscatori, ed. / 1983 / BP 173.7 I853 1983Islam in the Soviet Union / Alexandre Bennigsen and Chantal Lemercier-Quelquejay / 1967 /BP 63 R8 B43 1967Islam in the Sudan / J. Spencer Trimingham / 1949 / BP 65 S8 T7Islam in the World / Zaki Ali / 1938 / BP 161 A4Islam in the World / Malise Ruthven / 2000 / BP 161.2 R87 2000Islam in USSR, Turkey and Europe / S.M. Ahmed / 1956 / BP 63 R8 A46 1956Islam, Iran and World Society / Hamid Zangeneh, ed. / 1994 / DS 318.825 I85 1994Islam, Judaism and Christianity: Theological and Historical Affiliations / Heribert Busse / 1998 /BP 172 B8613 1998Islam, Liberalism and Human Rights: Implications for International Relations / Katerina Dalacoura / 2003/ JC 599 A65 D34 2003Islam, Modernism and the West: Cultural and Political Relations at the End of the Millennium / GemaMartin Munoz, ed. / 1999 / DS 35.74 E8517 1999Islam, Nationalism and the West: Issues of Identity in Pakistan / Iftikhar Malik / 1999 /BP 173.6 M25 1999Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indonesia / Clifford Geertz / 1968 / BP 64 M6 G4Islam, Postmodernism and Other Futures: A Ziauddin Sardar Reader / 2003 / BP 163 S354 2003Islam Reconsidered: A Brief Historical Background to the Religion and Thought of the Moslem World /Kenneth Oster / 1979 / BP 161.2 O86Islam, Sectarianism and Politics in Sudan since the Mahdiyya / Gabriel Warburg / 2003 /194DT 156.4 W375 2003Islam, the Middle East and the New Global Hegemony / Simon Murden / 2002 / DS 63.1 M84 2002Islam, the People and the State / Sami Zubaida / 1993 / BP 63 A4 M539 1993Islam, the Religion of Peace / K.G. Saiyidain / 1976 / BP 88 S235 I84 1976Islam Versus the West / Maryam Jameela / 1962 / BP 52 M3Islam, Western Democracy and the Third Industrial Revolution: Conflict or Convergence? / Ali A. Mazrui /1998 / JC 49 M39 1998

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Islam Without Fear: Egypt and the New Islamists / Raymond William Baker / 2003 /DT 107.87 B347 2003Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach / Quintan Wiktorowicz, ed. / 2004 /BP 173.7 I85365 2004Islamic Activism and US Foreign Policy / Scott Hibbard and David Little / 1997 / DS 35.74 H53 1997The Islamic Alliance and the Radical Alliance (1966) / Universal / 1966 / DS 63.2 R9 U59The Islamic Call / Mohamed Atta / 1957 / BP 161 A8Islamic Concept of God / Mohammad Zia Ullah / 1984 / BP 166.2 Z52 1984The Islamic Conception of Justice / Majid Khadduri / 1984 / BP 173.43 K44 1984Islamic Constitution / Kemal Faruki / 1952 / BP 163 F23Islamic Criminal Justice System / M. Cherif Bassiouni, ed. / 1979 / KBL B377 1979Islamic Criminal Law and Procedure / Matthew Lippman, et al. / 1988 / KBL L49 1988Islamic Ethics of Life: Abortion, War and Euthanasia / Jonathan Brockopp, ed. / 2003 /BP 134 L54 I85 2003Islamic Extremists: How Do They Mobilize Support? / U.S. Institute of Peace / 2002 / BP 173.7 B377 2002Islamic Fundamentalism: An Introduction / Lawrence Davidson / 2003 / BP 60 D38 2003Islamic Fundamentalism: The New Global Threat / Mohammad Mohaddessin / 1993 /DS 318.81 M66 1993Islamic Fundamentalism and Islamic Radicalism / Hearings, US House of Representatives / 1985 /BP 163 I853 1985Islamic Fundamentalism and Modernity / W. Montgomery Watt / 1988 / BP 60 W37 1988Islamic Fundamentalism in Afghanistan: Its Character and Prospects / Graham Fuller / 1991 /BP 63 A3 F85 1991Islamic Fundamentalism in Egyptian Politics / Barry Rubin / 2002 / BP 64 E3 R83 2002Islamic Fundamentalism in Pakistan: Its Character and Prospects / Graham Fuller / 1991 /BP 173.7 F855 1991Islamic Fundamentalism in the Northern Tier Countries: An Integrative View / Graham Fuller / 1991 /BP 173.7 F85 1991Islamic Fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad / Ziad Abu-Amr / 1994 / BP 63 P32 W47413Islamic Fundamentalisms and the Gulf Crisis / James Piscatori, ed. / 1991 / BL 238 F835 1991Islamic Fundamentalist Terrorism, 1979-95 / Edgar O'Ballance / 1997 / DS 318.825 O23 1997Islamic History: A New Interpretation / M.A. Shaban / 1971-76 / DS 38.5 S5Islamic History of the Middle East / Wilson Bishai / 1968 / DS 236 B5Islamic Identity and Development: Studies of the Islamic Periphery / Ozay Mehmet / 1990 /BP 63 T8 M44 1990The Islamic Impact / Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, et al., eds. / 1984 / BP 20 I752 1984The Islamic Impulse / Barbara Freyer Stowasser / 1987 / BP 163 I775 1986Islamic Influence on Indian Society / M. Mujeeb / 1972 / DS 427 M8Islamic Law and Change in Arab Society / Center for the Study of the Modern Arab World / 1976 /DS 42.4 C4 1976The Islamic Law and Constitution / Mawlana Sayyid Abul A ‘la Mawdudi / 1960 / KM 4474 I7 1960Islamic Law and Society in the Sudan / Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban / 1987 / KRD S8 F5Islamic Legal Interpretation: Muftis and Their Fatwas / Muhammad Khalid Masud, et al., eds. / 1996 /BP 144 I86 1996Islamic Life and Thought / Seyyed Hossein Nasr / 1981 / BP 25 N27Islamic Messianism: The Idea of Mahdi in Twelver Shi'ism / Abdulaziz Sachedina / 1981 / BP 166.93 S22The Islamic Modest Dress / Murtaza Mutahhari / 1989 / BP 173.4 M88The Islamic Movement in Egypt: Perceptions of International Relations, 1967-81 / Walid MahmoudAbdelnasser / 1993 / BP 64 E3 A24 1993The Islamic Movement in North Africa / Francois Burgat and William Dowell / 1997 /BP 64 A4 N62513 1997195The Islamic Movement of Iraq (1958-1980) / Robert Soeterik / 1991 / BP 192.7 S66

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The Islamic Movement of Iraqi Shi'as / Joyce Wiley / 1992 / BP 192.7 I7 W55 1992Islamic Mysticism: A Short History / Alexander Knysh / 1999 / BP 189 K69 1999Islamic Peoples of the Soviet Union / Shirin Akiner / 1987 / DK 34 M8Islamic Political Ethics: Civil Society, Pluralism and Conflict / Sohail Hashmi, ed. / 2002 / JC 49 I766 2002Islamic Political Culture, Democracy and Human Rights / Daniel Price / 1999 / JA 75.7 P75 1999Islamic Political Identity in Turkey / M. Hakan Yavuz / 2003 / BP 173.7 Y375 2003The Islamic Polity and Political Leadership: Fundamentalism, Sectarianism and Pragmatism / MehranTamadonfar / 1989 / JC 49 T35 1989Islamic Reassertion in Pakistan / Anita Weiss / 1986 / KBL P39 I82The Islamic Question in Middle East Politics / Alan Taylor / 1988 / BP 63 A4 M538 1988Islamic Reform: Politics and Social Change in Late Ottoman Syria / David Dean Commins / 1990 /BP 63 S95 C66 1990Islamic Reform: The Political and Legal Theories of Muhammad ‘Abduh and Rashid Rida / 1966 /BP 60 K47 1966An Islamic Response to Imperialism: Political and Religious Writings of Sayyid Jamal ad-Din “al Afghani” /Nikki Keddie / 1968 / BP 80 A45 K4Islamic Resurgence in the Arab World / Ali E. Hillal Dessouki, ed. / 1982 / BP 63 A4 A73 1982Islamic Revivalism / John Esposito / 1985 / BP 173.7 E876 1985Islamic Revolution / 1979-1982 / SerialIslamic Social Welfare Activism in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: A Legitimate Target? /International Crisis Group / 2003 / DS 119.76 I853 2003Islamic Societies in Practice / Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban / 2004 / BP 64 A1 F58 2004Islamic Spirituality: Foundations / Seyyed Hossein Nasr, ed. / 1991 / BP 189 I85 1991Islamic Spirituality: Manifestations / Seyyed Hossein Nasr, ed. / 1991 / BP 189 I851 1991The Islamic State / Abdulrahman Abdulkadir Kurdi / 1984 / JC 49 K87 1984The Islamic State and Other Political Essays / Ajit Kumar Sen / 1950 / DS 38 S47The Islamic Struggle in Syria / Umar F. Abd-Allah / 1983 / DS 98.2 A23The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? / John Esposito / 1995 / BP 60 E84 1995The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection / Jane Idleman Smith and Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad/ 1981 / BP 166.8 S55An Islamic Utopian: A Political Biography of Ali Shari’ati / Ali Rahnema / 1998 / BP 80 S53 R34 1998Islamic Values and World View: Khomeyni on Man, the State and International Politics / Farhang Rajaee /1983 / BP 80 K494The Islamic World in Ascendancy: From the Arab Conquests to the Siege of Vienna / Martin Sicker / 2000/ DS 38.2 S53 2000Islamikaze: Manifestations of Islamic Martyrology / Raphael Israeli / 2003 / BP 190.5 M3 I85 2003Islamism Across the Green Line: Relations Among Islamist Movements in Israel, the West Bank and Gaza/ Elie Rekhess / 1997 / BP 63 I8 R56 1997Islamism and Secularism in North Africa / John Ruedy, ed. / 1994 / DT 204 I85 1994The Islamism Debate / Martin Kramer, ed. / 1997 / BP 173.7 I89 1997Islamism, Secularism and Human Rights in the Middle East / Mahmood Monshipouri / 1998 /JC 599 M53 M66 1998The Islamist Dilemma: The Political Role of Islamist Movements in the Contemporary Arab World / LauraGuazzone, ed. / 1995 / BP 63 A4 A734 1995Islamist Mobilization in Turkey: A Study in Vernacular Politics / Jenny B. White / 2002 /BP 173.7 W45 2002Islamist Networks: The Afghan-Pakistan Connection / Mariam Abou Zahab and Olivier Roy / 2004 /BP 173.7 A268 2004Islamists and the Challenge of Pluralism / Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad / 1995 / BP 163 H223 1995

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Islam's Political Culture: Religion and Politics in Predivided Pakistan / Nasim Ahmad Jawed / 1999 /BP 173.6 I38 1999Islams and Modernities / Aziz Al-Azmeh / 1993 / BP 173.7 A95 1993Israel/Palestine: The Black Book / Reporters Without Borders / 2003 / DS 119.76 I872 2003Issues in the Islamic Movement: 1981-82 and 1984-85 / Kalim Siddiqui, ed. / DS 35.7 I87The Jewish Foundation of Islam / Charles Cutler Torrey / 1933 / BP 173 J8 T6The "Jihad": An "Islamic Alternative" in Egypt / Nemat Guenena / 1986 / BP 182 G842 1986Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam / Reuven Firestone / 1999 / BP 182 F5 1999196Jihad: The Rise of Militant Islam in Central Asia / Ahmed Rashid / 2003 / BP 173.7 R374 2003Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam / Gilles Kepel / 2002 / BP 173.7 K453 2002Jihad and Shahadat: Struggle and Martyrdom in Islam / Mehdi Abedi and Gary Legenhausen, eds. / 1986/ BP 182 T33 1986Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam: A Reader / Rudolph Peters / 1996 / BP 182 P48 1996Jinnah and the Making of a Nation / Saleem Qureshi / 1969 / DS 385 J5 Q7Jordan in Transition / George Joffé, ed. / 2002 / DS 154.55 J73 2002Journey of the Universe as Expounded in the Qur'an / Shaykh Fadhlalla Haeri / 1985 / BP 166.23 H24Judaism in Islam: Biblical and Talmudic Backgrounds of the Koran and Its Commentaries: Suras II and III/ Abraham Katsh / 1954 / BP 134 J4 K38The Just Ruler in Shi'ite Islam / Abdulaziz Sachedina / 1988 / JC 49 S162 1988Just War and Jihad: Historical and Theoretical Perspectives on War and Peace in Western and IslamicTraditions / John Kelsay and James T. Johnson, eds. / 1991 / BT 736.2 J87 1991Justice and Human Rights in Islamic Law / Gerald Lampe, ed. / 1997 / BP 173.43 J8 1997Kar International / Organization of Iranian People’s Fedaii Guerillas / 1979-1983 / SerialKashmir in the Shadow of War / Robert Wirsing / 2003 / DS 485 K27 W58 2003Kazan and Moscow: Five Centuries of Crippling Coexistence under Russian Imperialism / Shafiga Daulet /2003 / DK 511 T17 D38 2003Khair-ul-Bareeyah / Translation by Syed Farhat Husain / 1960 / BP 135 H8The Khilafat Movement: Religious Symbolism and Political Mobilization in India / Gail Minault / 1982 /DS 480.45 M45The Khilafet / Mohammad Barakatullah / 1924 / DS 234 B2Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah / Baqer Moin / 1999 / DS 318.84 K84 M65 1999Khomeini: The Enemy of Peace and Freedom / National Council of Resistance of Iran / 1986 /DS 318.85 I7 1986The Khomeini Phenomenon: Myth and Reality / Foundation for Constitutional Government in Iran / 1985 /DS 318.815 K56 1985Khomeini, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Arab World / Marvin Zonis and Daniel Brumberg / 1987 /DS 318.8 Z56 1987Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic / Ervand Abrahamian / 1993 / DS 318.8 A286 1993King Faisal and the Modernisation of Saudi Arabia / Willard Beling, ed. / 1980 / DS 244.6 K56King Hussein: A Life on the Edge / Roland Dallas / 1999 / DS 154.55 D32 1999Kitab Al-Iman/Book of Faith / Ibn Taymiyyah / 1999 / BP 177 I268 1999Kitab al-Irshad: The Book of Guidance into the Lives of the Twelve Imams / al-Baghdadi / 1981 /BP 193 M74The Koran / Translated by N.J. Dawood / 1990 / BP 109 D39The Koran / Translated by J.M. Rodwell / 1943 / BP 109 R6 1943The Koran / George Sale / 187-? / BP 109 S3The Koran (Qur’an) / Translated by E.H. Palmer / 1953 / BP 109 P3 1953The Koran: An Edition Prepared for English Readers / 1953 / BP 110 L32The Koran Interpreted / A.J. Arberry / 1955 / BP 109 A7The Last Arab-Israeli Battlefield? Implications of an Israeli Withdrawal from Lebanon / WashingtonInstitute for Near East Policy / 2000 / DS 119.76 L37 2000

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The Last Great Revolution / Robin Wright / 2001 / DS 318.8 W75 2001Law After Ground Zero / John Strawson, ed. / 2002 / JC 571 L392 2002Law and Islam in the Middle East / Daisy Dwyer, ed. / 1990 / KPL L39The Law and Philosophy of Zakat, Vol. 1 / Farishta de Zayas / 1960 / BP 180 Z3The Law of the Near & Middle East / Herbert Liebesny / 1975 / KMC 86 L64 1975The Lebanese Shi'a and Political Violence / Elizabeth Picard / 1993 / BP 192.7 L4 P53 1993Lebanon: A Conflict of Minorities / Minority Rights Group / 1986 / DS 87 M42 1986A Lebanon Defied: Musa al-Sadr and the Shi'a Community / Majed Halawi / 1992 / BP 192.7 L4 H35 1992Lebanon's Injured Identities: Who Represents Whom during a Civil War? / Ghassane Salame / 1986 /DS 87 S17 1986Lebanon's Second Republic: Prospects for the Twenty-First Century / Kail Ellis, ed. / 2002 /DS 87.54 L418 2002The Legacy of the Prophet / Anthony Shadid / 2001 / BP 173.5 S44 2001The Legend of the Opening of Muhammed’s Breast / Harris Birkeland / 1955 / BP 75 B45197Lessons in Islamic Jurisprudence / Muhammad Baqir as-Sadr / 2003 / KBL 640 S23 2003Let Us Be Muslims / Mawlana Sayyid Abul A ‘la Mawdudi / 1985 / BP 161.2 M3Letters on Islam: Written by a Father in Prison to His Son / Mohammad Fadhel Jamali / 1965 /BP 165 J313Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook / Charles Kurzman, ed. / 1998 / BP 60 L53 1998Life After the Soviet Union: The Newly Independent Republics of Transcaucasus and Central Asia / NozarAlaolmolki / 2001 / DK 859.56 A4 2001The Life and Religion of Mohammed, as Contained in the Sheeah Traditions of the Hyat-ul-Kuloob /Muhammad Baqir ibn Muhammad Majlisi / 1850 / BP 75 M152The Life of Mahomet / Emile Dermenghem / 1930 / BP 75 D42 1930Life of Mahomet / Washington Irving / 1928 / BP 75 I6The Life of Mohammad / Sir William Muir / 1912 / BP 75 M8 1912The Life of Muhammad / Muhammad Husayn Haykal / 1976 / BP 75 H37The Life of Muhammad [Sirat Rasul Allah] / Muhammad Ibn Ishaq / 1955 / BP 75 I25The Life of the Sudanese Mahdi / Haim Shaked / 1978 / DT 108.3 M84 K8The Light of Islam / Muhammad Ali Alkhuli / 1982 / BP 167 A54 1982Lightning Out of Lebanon: Hezbollah Terrorists on American Soil / Tom Diaz and Barbara Newman / 2005/ HV 6432.5 H5 D53 2005Lists of Names and Particulars of 12,028 Victims of the Khomeini Regime's Executions / People'sMojahedin Organization of Iran / 1986 / JC 599 I65 L58 1986Lists of Names and Particulars of 14,028 Victims of the Khomeini Regime's Executions / People'sMojahedin Organization of Iran / 1987 / JC 599 I65 L58 1987The Living Imam / Yousuf Lalljee / BP 193.22 L355The Living Thoughts of the Prophet Muhammad / Muhammad Ali / 1946 / BP 132 A55Lost in the Crowd / Jalal Al-e Ahmad / 1985 / BP 187.3 A42 1985The Mahdist State in the Sudan, 1881-1898 / P.M. Holt / 1958 / DT 108.3 H6The Mahdiya / A.B. Theobald / 1965 / DT 108 T48Mahmud Shaltut and Islamic Modernism / Kate Zebiri / 1993 / BP 80 S4965 Z43 1993The Making of an Islamic Political Leader: Conversations with Hasan al-Turabi / Mohamed Elhachmi Hamdi/ 1998 / DT 157.5 H3713 1998The Making of Iran's Islamic Revolution / Mohsen Milani / 1994 / DS 318 M495 1994The Making of Pakistan / Richard Symonds / 1950 / DS 384 S95Man and Faith / Murtaza Mutahhari / 1981 / BP 177 M88 1981Man and Islam / Ali Shari’ati / 1981 / BP 163 S514 1981Man and Religion / Al-Balagh Foundation / 1988 / BP 166.7 M35 1988Man in Qur’an and the Meaning of Furqan: Surat ul-Baqarah / Tafsir by Shaykh Fadhlallah Haeri / 1982 /

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BP 128.17 H34 1982A Man to Match His Mountains: Badshah Khan, Nonviolent Soldier of Islam / Eknath Easwaran / 1984 /DS 481 K42 E27 1984The Manifesto of Islam / Mohammad Rafi-ud-Din / BP 161 R12The Mantle of the Prophet: Religion and Politics in Iran / Roy Mottahedeh / 2000 / BP 192.7 I68 M67 2000A Manual of Hadith / Maulana Muhammad Ali / 1951 / BP 135 A124 A5 1951The Many Faces of Islam: Perspectives on a Resurgent Civilization / Nissim Rejwan / 2000 /BP 163 M363 2000The March from Medina: A Revisionist Study of the Arab Conquests / John W. Jandora / 1990 /DS 38.1 J35 1990Marriage on Trial: Islamic Family Law in Iran and Morocco / Ziba Mir-Hosseini / 2000 / K 675 M57 2000Martyrs: Innocence, Vengeance and Despair in the Middle East / Joyce Davis / 2003 /BP 190.5 M3 D39 2003Marxism and Other Western Fallacies: An Islamic Critique / Ali Shari’ati / 1980 / BP 163 S516Materials for the History of the Text of the Qur’an: The Old Codices / Arthur Jeffery, ed. / 1937/ BP 130 J4Al-Mawardi's Theory of the State / Qamar-ud-Din Khan / JC 49 K46Max Weber and Islam / Toby Huff and Wolfgang Schluchter, eds. / 1999 / BP 173.25 M39 1999The Meaning of the Glorious Koran / Mohammed Marmaduke Pickthall / 1953 / BP 109 P5 1953Memoirs of Muhammad Kurd Ali: A Selection / Muhammad Kurd Ali / 1954 / DS 38 K812The Message of Islam / A. Yusuf Ali / 1949 / BP 130 A35The Message of the Qur’an / Translated and Explained by Muhammad Asad / 1980 / BP 109 A8 1980Message to the Arab Soldier / Al-Sayyid Faraj / 1964 / BP 182 I317 1964198The Messenger: The Life of Mohammed / R.V.C. Bodley / 1946 / BP 75 B56The Middle East Annual: Vol. 1, 1981; Vol. 4, 1984; Vol. 5, 1985 / DS 63.1 M4856The Middle East in Crisis / Council on Foreign Relations / 2002 / DS 63.2 U5 M476 2002The Middle East in 2015: The Impact of Regional Trends on U.S. Strategic Planning / Judith Yaphe, ed. /2002 / DS 63.1 M4882 2002The Middle East into the 21st Century / Chibli Mallat / 1996 / DS 63.18 M35 1996Migrants and Militants: Fun and Urban Violence in Pakistan / Oskar Verkaaik / 2004 /DS 380 M83 V47 2004Milestones / Sayyid Qutb / 1991 / BP 163 Q813 1991Militant Islam / G.H. Jansen / 1979 / BP 163 J36 1979BMilitant Islamic Movements in Lebanon: Origins, Social Basis and Ideology / Marius Deeb / 1986 /DS 87 D36The Military Balance / International Institute for Strategic Studies / 2003-2005 / UA 15 L65 REFThe Mind Al-Qur’an Builds / Syed Abdul Latif / 1952 / BP 161.2 L35Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle and Self-Expression / Mordechai Nisan / 2002 /DS 58 N57 2002Minorities, Mullahs and Modernity: Reshaping Community in the Former Soviet Union / Mark Saroyan /1997 / DK 509 S26 1997Mishkat Al-Masabih / Translated by James Robson / 1963 / BP 135 A2 K435Mishkat-ul-Masabih / Translated by Abdul Hameed Siddiqui / 1980 / BP 135 A2 K43 1980Mixed Blessings: Gender and Religious Fundamentalism Cross Culturally / Judy Brink and Joan Mencher,eds. / 1997 / BL 238 M59 1997Mobilizing Islam: Religion, Activism and Political Change in Egypt / Carrie Rosefsky Wickham / 2002 /DT 107.827 W53 2002Moderate and Radical Islamic Fundamentalism: The Quest for Modernity, Legitimacy and the Islamic State/ Ahmad Moussalli / 1999 / BP 173.7 M38 1999A Modern Approach to Islam / Asaf Fyzee / 1963 / BP 165 F92Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution / Nikki Keddie / 2003 / DS 316.3 K42 2003Modern Islam in India / Wilfred Cantwell Smith / 1946 / DS 427 S55 1947Modern Islamic Political Thought / Hamid Enayat / 1982 / JA 84 I7815 1982

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Modern Trends in Islam / H.A.R. Gibb / 1947 / BP 163 G5Modernist Islam, 1840-1940 / Charles Kurzman, ed. / 2002 / BP 60 M55 2002Modernizing Islam: Religion in the Public Sphere in the Middle East and Europe / John Esposito andFrancois Burgat, eds. / 2003 / BP 173.7 M634 2003Mohammad in the Bible / David Benjamin Kaldani / BP 75 K2Mohammad in World Scriptures / Maulana Abdul Haque Vidyarthi / 1940 / BP 75 V5Mohammed / R.F. Dibble / 1926 / BP 75 D45Mohammed: The Man and His Faith / Tor Andrae / 1960 / BP 75 A57 1960Mohammed and Mohammedanism / R. Bosworth Smith / 1875 / BP 161 S5 1875Mohammed and the Rise of Islam / D.S. Margoliouth / 1906 / BP 75 M2Mohammedan Saints and Sanctuaries in Palestine / Taufik Canaan / 1927 / BP 65 P3 C3Mohammedanism / C. Snouck Hurgronje / 1916 / BP 161 H83Mohammedanism / D.S. Margoliouth / 1911 / BP 161 M35Mohammedanism: An Historical Survey / H.A.R. Gibb / 1953 / BP 50 G5 1953Monetary and Fiscal Economics of Islam / Mohammad Ariff, ed. / 1982 / BP 173 R281Moral Logic of Hizballah / Martin Kramer / 1987 / DS 87 K73 1987Moral Teachings of Islam: Prophetic Traditions from al-Adab al-mufrad by Imam al-Bukhari / Abdul Ali-Hamid / 2003 / BP 135 A124 E5 2003Morals and Manners in Islam: A Guide to Islamic Adab / Marwan Ibrahim Al-Kaysi / 1986 / BP 188 K3Moroccan Islam: Tradition and Society in a Pilgrimage Center / Dale Eickelman / 1976 / BP 64 M62 B653The Moslem Brethren: The Greatest of Modern Islamic Movements / Ishak Musa Husaini / 1956 /DT 107.82 H813 1956Moslem Schisms and Sects / Abu-Mansur 'Abd-al-Kahir ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi / 1935 / BP 195 A12The Most Learned of the Shi'a: The Institution of the Marja Taqlid / Linda Walbridge, ed. / 2001 /BP 195 M7 M67 2001Muhammad / Maxime Rodinson / 1980 / BP 75.13 R613 1980Muhammad: Encyclopedia of Seerah / Afzalur Rahman / 1981 / BP 135 A2 R34Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources / Martin Lings / 1983 / BP 75 L56 1983Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman / W. Montgomery Watt / 1961 / BP 75 W33 1961199Muhammad ‘Abduh / Osman Amin / 1953 / BP 80 M8 A68Muhammad and the Conquests of Islam / Francesco Gabrieli / 1968 / DS 236 G33Muhammad and the Islamic Tradition / Emile Dermenghem / BP 75 D393Muhammad and the Jews: A Re-Examination / Ahmad Barakat / 1979 / BP 76.4 A35Muhammad at Mecca / W. Montgomery Watt / 1953 / BP 75 W3Muhammad at Medina / W. Montgomery Watt / 1956 / BP 75 W32Muhammad in the Mirror of Islam / Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i / 1979 / BP 163 T17Muhammad Rasulullah: A Concise Survey of the Life and Work of the Founder of Islam / MuhammadHamidullah / 1974 / BP 75 H28Muhammad the Prophet / Maulana Muhammad Ali / 1984 / BP 75 A55 1984The Mullahs Who Rule Iran: Present Role and Future Possibilities / Foundation for ConstitutionalGovernment in Iran / 1985 / DS 318.815 M85The Muslim Brotherhood and the Kings of Jordan, 1945-1993 / Marion Boulby / 1999 / BP 63 J6 B68 1999Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspectives on Nationality, Politics, and Opposition in theFormer Soviet Union and Yugoslavia / Andreas Kappeler, et al., eds. / 1994 / DK 34 M8 M8713 1994The Muslim Creed: Its Genesis and Historical Development / A.J. Wensinck / 1979 / BP 161 W4 1979Muslim Devotions: A Study of Prayer-Manuals in Common Use / Constance Padwick / 1996 /BP 188.5 P3 1996Muslim Diversity: Local Islam in Global Contexts / Leif Manger, ed. / 1999 / BP 163 M886 1999Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh / Gilles Kepel / 1985 / BP 64 E3 K4413 1985The Muslim Family / Al-Balagh Foundation / 1988 / BP 134 F25 M88 1988The Muslim Jesus: Sayings and Stories in Islamic Literature / Tarif Khalidi, ed. / 2001 / BP 172 K535 2001Muslim Law Courts and the French Colonial State in Algeria / Allan Christelow / 1985 / K C5 1985

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Muslim League Yesterday and Today / A.B. Rajput / 1948 / DS 448 R25The Muslim Mind / Charis Waddy / 1990 / BP 161.2 W27 1990Muslim National Communism in the Soviet Union / Alexandre Bennigsen and S. Enders Wimbush / 1979 /HX 313 B42Muslim Palestine: The Ideology of Hamas / Andrea Nüsse / 1998 / DS 119.7 N877 1998Muslim Perceptions of Other Religions / Jacques Waardenburg, ed. / 1999 / BP 171 M86 1999Muslim Politics / Dale Eickelman and James Piscatori / 2004 / DS 35.69 E37 2004Muslim Preacher in the Modern World: A Jordanian Case Study in Comparative Perspective / RichardAntoun / 1989 / BP 184.25 A5 1989A Muslim Primer: Beginner’s Guide to Islam / Ira Zepp, Jr. / 1992 / BP 161.2 Z46 1992Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan / 1994 /DK 511 C2 G28 1994Muslim Sects and Divisions / Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Karim Shahristani / 1984 / BP 191 S51613 1984Muslim Spain: Its History and Culture / Anwar Chejne / 1974 / DP 103 C46Muslim Theology / A.S. Tritton / 1947 / BP 161 T7Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices / Andrew Rippin / 2001 / BP 161.2 R53 2001Muslims in the USSR / Abdulla Vakhabov / 1980 / BP 63 S652 S678 1980Muslims of the Soviet Empire: A Guide / Alexandre Bennigsen and S. Enders Wimbush / 1986 /DK 34 M8 B46 1986Mystical Elements in Mohammed / John Clark Archer / 1924 / BP 75 A7Mysticism and Dissent: Socio-Religious Thought in Qajar Iran / Mangol Bayat / 1982 / BP 192.7 I68 B39Nahjul Balagha: Sermons, Letters and Sayings of Hazrat Ali / Ali ibn Abu Talib / 1977 /BP 193.1 A2 S513 1977Nation and Religion in the Middle East / Fred Halliday / 2000 / DS 63.18 H35 2000Nationalism and Revolution in Egypt: The Role of the Muslim Brotherhood / Christina P. Harris / 1964 /DT 107 H33The Nationalities Question in the Soviet Union / Graham Smith, ed. / 1990 / DK 288 N37 1990The Nature and Structure of the Islamic World / Ralph Braibanti / 1995 / BP 163 B585 1995Nature of the Islamic Community / Toshio Kuroda and Richard Lawless, eds. / 1991 / BP 161.2 N38 1991Naval Power and Trade in the Mediterranean AD 500-1100 / Archibald Lewis / 1951 / D 128 L4An-Nawawi’s Forty Hadith / Translated by Ezzeddin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies / 1977 /BP 135 A2 N313 1977The Neglected Duty [English translation of Al-Faridah al-Gha'ibah] / Muhammad 'Abd al-Salam Faraj /Appendix in: Johannes J.G. Jansen / The Neglected Duty: The Creed of Sadat's Assassins and IslamicResurgence in the Middle East / 1986 / BP 182 J36 1986200The Neglected Duty: The Creed of Sadat's Assassins and Islamic Resurgence in the Middle East /Johannes J.G. Jansen / 1986 / BP 182 J36 1986The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations / Olivier Roy / 2000 / DK 857.5 R68 2000The New Encyclopedia of Islam / Cyrill Glasse / 2001 / BP 40 G63 2001 REFThe New Jackals: Ramzi Yousef, Osama bin Laden and the Future of Terrorism / Simon Reeve / 1999 /HV 6432 R42 1999The New Palestinians: The Emerging Generation of Leaders / John and Janet Wallach / 1992 /DS 126.6 A2 W3 1992The New Politics of Islam: Pan-Islamic Foreign Policy in a World of States / Naveed Sheikh / 2003 /DS 35.7 S53 2003The New World of Islam / Theodore L. Stoddard / 1922 / DS 38 S7Newer Islamic Movements in Western Europe / Lars Pedersen / 1999 / D 1056.2 M87 P43 1999The Next Threat: Western Perceptions of Islam / Jochen Hippler and Andrea Lueg, eds. / 1995 /DS 35.74 E85 F4513 1995The Ninety-Nine Beautiful Names of God / Abu Hamid al-Ghazali / 1992 / BP 166.2 M49613 1992No God But God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam / Reza Aslan / 2005 / BP 161.3 A79 2005Nonviolence and Peace Building in Islam: Theory and Practice / Mohammed Abu-Nimer / 2003 /

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BL 65 V55 A28 2003North Africa: Regional Tensions and Strategic Concerns / Richard Parker / 1987 / DT 204 P34 1987Occidentosis: A Plague from the West / Jalal Al-i Ahmad / 1983 / DS 316.4 A4713 1983Old Games, New Rules: Conflict on the Israel-Lebanon Border / International Crisis Group / 2002 /DS 119.76 O434 2002Old Muslim Opposition Against Interpretation of the Koran / Harris Birkeland / 1955 / BP 130 B6Oman and Ibadhism / Ahmed Hamoud Al-Maamiry / 1980 / BP 195 I3 M3On Cosmic Verses in the Quran / Muhammad Jamaluddin El-Fandy / 1967 / BP 134 S3 F3On Islam and Shi'ism / Ahmad Kasravi / 1990 / BP 163 K3813 1990On the Sociology of Islam / Ali Shari’ati / 1979 / BP 173.25 S52The "Open Councils" and the Islamic Concept of Rule in Saudi Arabian Politics / Faisal bin Misha'al binSa'ud bin Abdul-Aziz al-Sa'ud / 2003 / JQ 1825 S33 I26 2003Operation Iraqi Freedom and the New Iraq / Washington Institute for Near East Policy / 2004 /DS 79.75 O64 2004The Organization of the Government of Saudi Arabia / American Legation, Jidda / 1948 /DS 227 D38 1948Organization of the Islamic Conference / 1982 / DS 35.3 O7425 1982Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam / S. Husain M. Jafri / 1979 / BP 192.4 J33Origins of Terrorism / Walter Reich, ed. / 1998 / HV 6431 O74 1998The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in MedievalSpain / Maria Rosa Menocal / 2003 / DP 103 M46 2003Osama: The Making of a Terrorist / Jonathan Randal / 2004 / HV 6430 B55 R36 2004The Other Side of the Mountain: Mujahideen Tactics in the Soviet-Afghan War / Ali Ahmad Jalali andLester Grau / 1999 / DS 371.2 J26 1999Our Decline and Its Causes / Amir Shakib Arsalan / 1952 / BP 163 A8 1952Overcoming Tradition and Modernity: The Search for Islamic Authenticity / Robert D. Lee / 1997 /BP 163 L36 1997The Oxford Dictionary of Islam / John Esposito, ed. / 2003 / BP 40 O95 2003 REFPakistan: At the Crosscurrent of History / Lawrence Ziring / 2003 / DS 383.5 A2 Z57 2003Pakistan: Eye of the Storm / Owen Bennett Jones / 2003 / DS 382 B46 2003Pakistan: Transition from Military to Civilian Rule / Golam W. Choudhury / 1988 / DS 384 C56 1988Pakistan as an Islamic State / Wilfred Cantwell Smith / 1951 / DS 379 S55Pakistan, Islam and Economics: Failure of Modernity / Izzud-Din Pal / 2000 / DS 384 P3638 2000Pakistan on the Brink: Politics, Economics and Society / Craig Baxter, ed. / 2004 / DS 389 P3473 2004Pakistan, One and Indivisible / Fazlur Rahman / 1960 / DS 383.5 A2 R2Pakistan's Drift into Extremism / Hassan Abbas / 2005 / DS 384 A27 2005Palestine – Mohammedan Holy Land / Charles Matthews / 1949 / BP 163 M38Palestine in Crisis: The Struggle for Peace and Political Independence after Oslo / Graham Usher / 1995 /DS 119.7 U79 1995The Palestinian Intifada / Edgar O'Ballance / 1998 / DS 119.75 O22 1998201The Palestinians between Terrorism and Statehood / Pinhas Inbari / 1996 / DS 119.7 I46913 1996Pan-Turkism and Islam in Russia / Serge Zenkovsky / 1960 / DK 34 T8 Z4Pankisskoye Gorge: Residents, Refugees and Fighters / C.W. Blandy / 2002 / DK 678 B63 2002Partner or Pariah? Attitudes toward Israel in Syria, Lebanon and Jordan / WINEP / 1996 /DS 119.7 K439 1996Passion for Islam: Shaping the Modern Middle East: The Egyptian Experience / Caryle Murphy / 2002 /BP 64 E3 M866 2002Patterns of Global Terrorism / US Department of State / 1987, 1992, 2000 / HV 6431 P27 REFPeace for Lebanon? From War to Reconstruction / Deirdre Collings, ed. / 1994 / DS 87 P43 1994Peacewatch: The Arab-Israeli Peace Process and US Policy: Documents and Analysis, January 1993-March1994 / 1994 / DS 63.1 P427 1994Peacewatch/Policywatch: Anthology / Washington Institute for Near East Policy / 1997-2002 /

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DS 63.1 P4272The Persian Gulf at the Millennium / Gary Sick and Lawrence Potter, eds. / 1997 / DS 326 P4732 1997Persian Pilgrimages / Afshin Molavi / 2002 / DS 259.2 M65 2002Phenomena of Nature and the Quran / Sayed Abdul Wadud / 1971 / BP 134 S3 W3Philosophy of Islam / Muhammad Hosayni Behisti and Hujjatul-Islam Javad Bahonar / 1982 /BP 193.5 P48 1982Pious Passion: The Emergence of Modern Fundamentalism in the United States and Iran / MartinRiesebrodt / 1993 / BT 82.2 R5413 1993Pity the Nation: The Abduction of Lebanon / Robert Fisk / 1990 / DS 87 F55 1990The Place of Tolerance in Islam / Khaled Abou El Fadl, et al. / 2002 / BP 171.5 A28 2002Political and Social Thought in the Contemporary Middle East / Kemal Karpat, ed. / 1982 /JA 84 N18 P64 1982The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy / Charles Butterworth, ed. / 1992 / B 741 P74 1992Political Dissent: An International Guide to Dissident, Extra-Parliamentary, Guerrilla and Illegal PoliticalMovements / Henry Degenhardt / 1983 / JC 328.3 D43 1983 REFThe Political History of Modern Iran: From Tribalism to Theocracy / Mehran Kamrava / 1992 /DS 298 K36 1992Political Islam: Essays from Middle East Report / Joel Beinin and Joe Stork, eds. / 1997 /BP 63 A4 M5368 1997Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Arab World / Nazih Ayubi / 1991 / JC 49 A928 1991Political Islam: Revolution, Radicalism or Reform? / John Esposito, ed. / 1997 / BP 60 P64 1997Political Islam: U.S. Policy Implications / Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs / 1996 /BP 173.7 P655 1996Political Leaders and Democracy in Turkey / Metin Heper and Sabri Sayari, eds. / 2002 / DR 593 P65 2002Political Parties in the West Bank under the Jordanian Regime, 1949-1967 / Amnon Cohen / 1982 /JQ 1825 J67 C63 1982Political Parties in Turkey / Barry Rubin and Metin Heper, eds. / 2002 / DR 590 P655 2002Political Science: An Islamic Perspective / Abdul Rashid Moten / 1996 / JC 49 M67 1996The Political Thought of Ibn Taymiyah / Qamaruddin Khan / 1973 / JC 49 K47The Politicization of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith and Community in the Late OttomanState / Kemal Karpat / 2001 / DR 572 K28 2001Politics and Islam in Contemporary Sudan / Abdel Salam Sidahmed / 1996 / DT 157.5 S53 1996Politics, Gender and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of A’isha bint Abi Bakr / D.A. Spellberg / 1994 /BP 80 A52 S64 1994Politics of Compromise: The Tajikistan Peace Process / Conciliation Resources / 2001 /DK 928.8657 P65 2001The Politics of Islamic Reassertion / Mohammed Ayoob, ed. / 1981 / DS 35.7 P64 1981The Politics of Jerusalem since 1967 / Michael Dumper / 1996 / DS 109.94 D86 1996The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia / Adeeb Khalid / 1998 /BP 63 A34 K54 1998Politics of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject / Saba Mahmood / 2005 /HQ 1785 M34 2005A Popular Dictionary of Islam / Ian Richard Netton / 1992 / BP 40 N48 1992 REFPopular Islam in Tunisia / Kees Schilder / 1991 / BP 64 T7 S34 1991Postmodernism and Islam: Predicament and Promise / Akbar Ahmed / 1992 / BP 163 A354 1992Post-Revolutionary Iran / Hooshang Amirahmadi and Manoucher Parvin, eds. / 1988 / DS 318.8 P68 1988Power-Sharing Islam? / Azzam Tamimi, ed. / 1993 / BP 173.7 P69 1993202Prayer – For Progress: A Reasoned Exposition of Ebadat of Allah in the Light of the Teachings of theShariyaat / Abdur Razzaque / 1951 / BP 163 R2The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith / T.W. Arnold / 1913 /BP 50 A7 1913Prisoners of the Mahdi / Byron Farwell / 1989 / DT 156.6 F37 1989Problems of the Modern Middle East in Historical Perspective / John Spagnolo, ed. / 1992 /

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DS 57 P76 1992The Prolegomena to the Qur’an / Al-Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Musawi al-Khu’i / 1998 / BP 130.4 K413 1998Propaganda Posters of the Afghan Resistance January 1985 / DS 371.2 H963 1985Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background / YohananFriedmann / 1989 / BP 195 A5 F75 1989Prophet of Islam Muhammad and Some of His Traditions / Ismail Kashmiri / 1967 / BP 75 K3The Prophet’s Diplomacy: The Art of Negotiation as Conceived and Developed by the Prophet of Islam /Iqbal Afzal / 1975 / BP 77.69 I65 1975The Prophet's Pulpit: Islamic Preaching in Contemporary Egypt / Patrick Gaffney / 1994 /BP 184.25 G34 1994Protest Movements and Religious Undercurrents in Egypt, Past and Present / Afaf Lutfi al-Sayyid Marsot /1984 / DT 100 S334 1984Putting Islam to Work: Education, Politics and Religious Transformation in Egypt / Gregory Starrett / 1998/ BP 64 E3 S73 1998Al Qaeda and What It Means to be Modern / John Gray / HV 6431 G73 2003Quotations / Mustafa Kemal Atatürk / 1982 / DR 592 K4 A2 1982The Qur’an / Translated, with a Critical Re-Arrangement of the Surahs, by Richard Bell / 1937 / BP 109 B4Al-Qur’an: A Contemporary Translation / Ahmed Ali / 1994 / BP 109 A54 1994The Quran: A New Interpretation / Muhammad Baqir Behbudi and Colin Turner / 1997 / BP 109 1997AThe Qur'an: A New Translation / M.A.S. Abdel Haleem / 2004 / BP 109 H35 2004The Qur’an: The First American Version / Translation and Commentary by T.B. Irving / 1985 /BP 109 1985The Qur’an and Its Interpreters / Mahmoud Ayoub / 1984; 1992 / BP 130.4 A835 1984The Qur’an as Scripture / Arthur Jeffery / 1952 / BP 130 J42The Qur’an in Islam: Its Impact and Influence on the Life of Muslims / Allamah Sayyid M.H. Tabataba’i /1987 / BP 130.4 T32Qur’an, Liberation and Pluralism: An Islamic Perspective of Interreligious Solidarity against Oppression /Farid Esack / 1997 / BP 64 S6 E8 1997The Qur'anic Idea of Evolution / Muhammad Abdul Quddus / 1971 / BP 166 A235The Quranic Sufism / Mir Valiuddin / 1977 / BP 189.3 M56 1977Rachid Ghannouchi: A Democrat Within Islamism / Azzam Tamimi / 2001 / BP 80 G27 T36 2001Radical Islam: Medieval Theology and Modern Politics / Emmanuel Sivan / 1985 / BP 163 S63 1985Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin / Ervand Abrahamian / 1989 / DS 318.8 A27 1989Radical Islam in Central Asia: Responding to Hizb Ut-Tahrir / International Crisis Group / 2003 /DK 859.56 R335 2003Radical Islamic Fundamentalism: The Ideological and Political Discourse of Sayyid Qutb / Ahmad Moussalli/ 1992 / BP 80 Q86 M68 1992Radical Politics in Modern Turkey / Jacob Landau / 1974 / DR 593 L36A Reader on Islam: Passages from Standard Arabic Writings Illustrative of the Beliefs and Practices ofMuslims / Arthur Jeffery, ed. / 1962 / BP 20 J4Readings in the Qur’an / Kenneth Cragg / 1999 / BP 110 C734 1999Readjusting Perspectives: Nationalism, Religion and Culture / Center for the Study of the Modern ArabWorld / 1980 / DS 42.4 C4 1980Reaping the Whirlwind: Afghanistan, al Qa’ida and the Holy War / Michael Griffin / 2003 /DS 371.2 G739 2003Reason, Freedom and Democracy in Islam / Abdolkarim Soroush / 2000 / BP 190.5 R4 S88 2000Recent Developments in North Africa / U.S. House of Representatives / 1994 / DT 204 R43 1994Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Middle East / Michael Gilsenan / 2000 /BP 63 A4 A725 2000Redemptive Suffering in Islam: A Study of the Devotional Aspects of Ashura in Twelver Shi'ism /

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Mahmoud Ayoub / 1978 / BP 194.5 T4 A94 1978203Redefining Community in the Middle East: Old Answers to New Problems / Center for the Study of theModern Arab World / 1981 / DS 42.4 C4 1981The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution / Shaul Bakhash / 1990 /DS 318.8 B34 1990Reinventing Khomeini: The Struggle for Reform in Iran / Daniel Brumberg / 2001 / DS 318.8 B78 2001Religion and Conflict in Sudan / Yusuf Fadl Hasan and Richard Gray, eds. / 2002 / BL 2470 S73 R45 2002Religion and Politics in Contemporary Iran: Clergy-State Relations in the Pahlavi Period / ShahroughAkhavi / 1980 / BP 63 I68 A36Religion and Politics in Iran: Shi’ism from Quietism to Revolution / Nikki Keddie, ed. / 1983 /BP 192.7 I68 R44 1983Religion and Politics in the Middle East / Michael Curtis, ed. / 1981 / BP 63 A4 N427Religion and Power in Morocco / Henry Munson / 1993 / BP 64 M6 M86 1993Religion and Social Change in Modern Turkey: The Case of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi / Serif Mardin / 1989 /BP 80 N89 M36 1989Religion and State: The Muslim Approach to Politics / L. Carl Brown / 2000 / BP 173.6 B76 2000Religion and State in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia / Ayman Al-Yassini / 1985 / BP 63 S33 A48 1985Religion in the Middle East: Three Religions in Concord and Conflict. Volume 2: Islam / A.J. Arberry, ed. /1969 / BL 1600 A7 v.2Religion in Third World Politics / Jeff Haynes / 1993 / BL 65 P7 H38 1993The Religion of Islam / Ahmad Galwash / 1966 / BP 161 G252 1966The Religion of Islam / F.A. Klein / 1971 / BP 161 K5 1971The Religion of Islam: A Comprehensive Discussion of the Sources, Principles and Practices of Islam /Maulana Muhammad Ali / BP 161 A45Religion, State and Ideology: CEMAM Reports 1975 / Center for the Study of the Modern Arab World /1975 / DS 42.4 C4 1975Religious and Political Trends in Modern Egypt / J. Heyworth-Dunne / 1950 / DT 107.82 H4Religious Fundamentalism and Political Extremism / Leonard Weinberg and Ami Pedahzur, eds. / 2004 /BL 238 R465 2004Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women / Courtney Howland, ed. / 1999 /K 3243 R45 1999Religious Radicalism and Politics in the Middle East / Emmanuel Sivan and Menachem Friedman, eds. /1990 / BP 63 A4 M537 1990Religious Radicalism in the Greater Middle East / Bruce Maddy-Weitzman and Efraim Inbar, eds. / 1997 /BP 63 A4 M5372 1997Religious Resurgence: Contemporary Cases in Islam, Christianity and Judaism / Richard Antoun and MaryElaine Hegland, eds. / 1987 / BL 98 R43 1987Remembrance and Prayer: The Way of Prophet Muhammad / 1986 / BP 132 G5Renaissance of Islamic Culture and Civilization in Pakistan / Abdur Rauf / 1965 / DS 379 R3The Renaissance Party in Tunisia: The Quest for Freedom and Democracy / AMC / 1991 /JQ 3339 A56 R46 1991Report of the DOD Commission on Beirut International Airport Terrorist Act, October 23, 1983 /DS 87 U554 1983Report on Saudi Arabia / U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom / 2003 / BL 640 R37 2003Resistance and Control in Pakistan / Akbar Ahmed / 1991 / DS 392 W3 A36 1991The Resurgence of Central Asia: Islam or Nationalism? / Ahmed Rashid / 1994 / DK 859 R37 1994Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon Answers / Mohammed Arkoun / 1994 /BP 163 A69613 1994Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey / Sibel Bozdogan and Resat Kasaba, eds. / 1997 /

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DR 432 R48 1997The Revenge of God: The Resurgence of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in the Modern World / GillesKepel / 1994 / BL 238 K4613 1994Revolt Against Modernity: Muslim Zealots and the West / Michael Youssef / 1985 / BP 163 Y68 1985Revolution and the Millennium: China, Mexico and Iran / James Rinehart / 1997 / BL 503.2 R56 1997Revolution in Iran: A Reapprasial / Enver Koury and Charles MacDonald, eds. / 1982 / DS 318.8 R48 1982Revolutions & Rebellions in Afghanistan: Anthropological Perspectives / M. Nazif Shahrani and RobertCanfield, eds. / 1984 / DS 371.2 R49 1984Revolutionaries and Reformers: Contemporary Islamist Movements in the Middle East / Barry Rubin, ed. /2003 / BP 60 R46 2003Revolutionary Afghanistan Through Honest Eyes / Democratic Republic of Afghanistan / 1982 /204DS 371.2 R485 1982Revolutionary Iran: Challenge and Response in the Middle East / R.K. Ramazani / 1988 /DS 63.2 I68 R36 1988The Rise (English Defense Publication) and Leaflets in English / Organization of Iranian Moslem Students /1979 / DS 319 I7 R7Rites of Pilgrimage / UAR (Egypt) / 1967 / BP 187.3 A43 1967The Road to Al-Qaeda: The Story of Bin Laden's Right-Hand Man / Montasser Al-Zayyat/ 2004 /HV 6430 Z38 Z913 2004The Role of the Bektashis in Turkey's National Struggle / Hülya Küçük / 2002 / BP 189.7 B4 K83 2002The Roots of Radical Islam / Gilles Kepel / 2005 / BP 173.7 K47 2005Rukhnama: Reflections on the Spiritual Values of the Turkmen / Saparmyrat Turkmenbashy / 2003 /DK 938.6 T8713 2003Russia's Muslim Frontiers: New Directions in Cross-Cultural Analysis / Dale Eickelman, ed. / 1993 /DK 859 R87 1993Russia's Restless Frontier: The Chechnya Factor in Post-Soviet Russia / Dmitri Trenin and AlekseiMalashenko / 2004 / DK 511 C37 T74 2004Russian-American Relations: Islamic and Turkic Dimensions in the Volga-Ural Basin / Hafeez Malik, ed. /2000 / DK 34 M8 R87 2000The Sacred Journey: The Pilgrimage to Mecca / Ahmad Kamal / 1961 / BP 181 K3Sacred Performances: Islam, Sexuality and Sacrifice / M.E. Combs-Schilling / 1989 / BP 64 M6 C66 1989Sacred Rage: The Crusade of Modern Islam / Robin Wright / 1985 / DS 63.1 W75 1985Sadat and After: Struggles for Egypt's Political Soul / Raymond William Baker / 1990 /DT 107.87 B35 1990Saddam Speaks on the Gulf Crisis: A Collection of Documents / Ofra Bengio / 1992 / DS 79.72 H87 1992Sandstorm: Middle East Conflicts and America / Daniel Pipes, ed. / 1993 / DS 63.1 S3 1993Sanusiyah: A Study of a Revivalist Movement in Islam / Nicola Ziadeh / 1958 / BP 187.7 S4 Z5Saudi Arabia: Forces of Modernization / Bob Abdrabboh / 1985 / DS 204 A6 1985Saudi Arabia: Religious Intolerance: The Arrest, Detention and Torture of Christian Worshippers and Shi'aMuslims / Amnesty International / 1993 / BR 1608 S33 S39 1993Saudi Arabia and Beirut: Lesson Learned on Intelligence Support and Counterterrorism Programs / U.S.Senate Hearing: July 9, 1996 / HV 6431 S383 1996Saudi Arabia and the Illusion of Security / J.E. Peterson / 2002 / UA 853 S32 P3 2002Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent / Mamoun Fandy / 1999 / DS 244.63 F36 1999Sayings of Mohammed / From Stanley Lane-Poole’s Translation / 1958 / BP 135 A3 P4Sayyid Jamal ad-Din “al-Afghani”: A Political Biography / Nikki Keddie / 1972 / BP 80 A45 K43Science and Civilization in Islam / Seyyed Hossein Nasr / 1987 / BP 190.5 S3 N37The Search for Arab Democracy: Discourses and Counter-Discourses / Larbi Sadiki / 2004 /JQ 1850 A91 S235 2004

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The Search for Peace and Unity in the Sudan / Francis Deng and Prosser Gifford, eds. / 1987 /DT 159.6 S73 S4 1987The Second Message of Islam / Mahmoud Mohamed Taha / 1987 / BP 163 T28513 1987The Secular Miracle: Religion, Politics and Economic Policy in Iran / Ali Rahnema and Farhad Nomani /1990 / DS 318.825 R34 1990Secularism in Turkey: Past and Present / Dogu Ergil / 1987 / JQ 1802 E74 1987Seeds of Hate: How America's Flawed Middle East Policy Ignited the Jihad / Lawrence Pintak / 2003 /DS 87.53 P565 2003Selection and/or Election / Ali Shari'ati / 1979 / BP 166.94 S5313 1979Selections from the Kur-an, Commonly Called in England the Koran / Edward William Lane / 1843 /BP 110 L3 1843Selections from the Noble Reading: An Anthology of Passages from the Qur’an / T.B. Irving / 1968 /BP 110 I7A Sense of Siege: The Geopolitics of Islam and the West / Graham Fuller and Ian Lesser / 1995 /DS 35.74 E85 F85 1995The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict between Islam and Christianity / M.J. Akbar / 2002 /BP 182 A433 2002The Shadow of God and the Hidden Imam: Religion, Political Order and Societal Change in Shi’ite Iranfrom the Beginning to 1890 / Said Amir Arjomand / 1984 / DS 292 A75 1984Shaping the Current Islamic Reformation / B.A. Roberson, ed. / 2003 / BP 60 S53 2003205The Shar'ia: An Introduction to the Law of Islam / Rodolphe J.A. De Seife / 1994 / KBL D48 1994The Shebaa Farms: A Case Study of Border Dynamics in the Middle East / Asher Kaufman / 2002 /DS 119.65 K384 2002The Shi'a Community and the Future of Lebanon / Helena Cobban / 1985 / BP 192.7 L4 C62 1985Shi'a Islam: From Religion to Revolution / Heinz Halm / 1997 / BP 193.5 H39 1997Shi'i Thought from the South of Lebanon / Chibli Mallat / 1988 / BP 192.7 L4 M3The Shi'is of Iraq / Yitzhak Nakash / 2003 / DS 70.8 S55 N35 2003Shi'ism: Doctrines, Thought and Spirituality / Seyyed Hossein Nasr, et al., eds. / 1988 /BP 193.5 S527 1988Shi'ism and Constitutionalism in Iran / Abdul-Hadi Hairi / 1977 / JA 84 I75 H34Shi’ism and Social Protest / Juan Cole and Nikki Keddie, eds. / 1986 / BP 192.7 N33 S54 1986A Shi'ite Anthology / Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i / 1981 / BP 193.26 S54Shi'ite Islam / Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i / 1975 / BP 193.5 T3213The Shi'ite Religion: A History of Islam in Persia and Irak / Dwight Donaldson / 1933 / BP 195 S5 D6A Short History of the Ismailis / Farhad Daftary / 1998 / BP 195 I8 D36 1998A Short History of the Revivalist Movement in Islam / Mawlana Sayyid Abul A ‘la Mawdudi / 1963 /BP 163 M3823The Short Koran / George Lamsa, ed. / 1949 / BP 110 L29Situation in the North of Afghanistan / Jami'at Islami Afghanistan / 1987 / DS 371.2 E84 1987Social Ethics of Islam: Classical Islamic-Arabic Political Theory and Practice / Abdul Malik A. Al-Sayed /1982 / BP 173.7 A4Social Justice in Islam / Sayyid Qutb / 1953 / HN 40 M6 K62The Social Origins of the Iran-Iraq War / W. Thom Workman / 1994 / DS 79.719 W67 1994Social Origins of the Iranian Revolution / Misagh Parsa / 1989 / DS 316.6 P37 1989Society and Economics in Islam: Writings and Declarations of Ayatullah Sayyid Mahmud Taleghani /Ayatollah Sayyid Mahmud Taleqani / 1982 / BP 25 T2613 1982The Society of the Muslim Brothers / Richard Mitchell / 1969 / DT 107.82 M5 1969Some Religious Aspects of Islam: A Collection of Articles / Hava Lazarus-Yafeh / 1981 / BP 25 L39 1981Soviet Russian Colonialism and Imperialism in Turkistan as an Example of the Soviet Type of Colonialismof an Islamic People in Asia / Baymirza Hayit / 1965 / DK 857 H31Speaking Stones: Communiques from the Intifada Underground / Shaul Mishal and Reuben Aharoni /1994 / DS 119.75 S68 1994The Speeches and Table-Talk of the Prophet Mohammad / Stanley Lane-Poole / 1915 / BP 110 L35Speeches and Writings of Mr. Jinnah / Jamil-ud-Din Ahmad / 1976 / DS 480.82 J48

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The Spirit of Allah: Khomeini and the Islamic Revolution / Amir Taheri / 1986 / DS 318.84 K48 T34 1986The Spirit of Islam: A History of the Evolution and Ideals of Islam / Syed Ameer Ali / 1953 / BP 50 A5State and Ideology in the Middle East and Pakistan / Fred Halliday and Hamza Alavi, eds. / 1988 /DS 63.1 S72 1988The State, Religion and Ethnic Politics: Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan / Ali Banuazizi and Myron Weiner,eds. / 1986 / DS 63.1 S73 1986State, Revolution and Superpowers in Afghanistan / Hafizullah Emadi / 1990 / DS 371.2 E48 1990The State and Social Revolution in Iran: A Theoretical Perspective / Farrokh Moshiri / 1985 /BP 63 I68 M67 1985The Struggle for Power in Syria: Politics and Society under Asad and the Ba'th Party / Nikolaos Van Dam /1996 / DS 98.2 D34 1996The Student’s Quran: An Introduction / Hashim Amir Ali / 1959 / BP 109 A4Studies in a Mosque / Stanley Lane-Poole / 1883 (1966 reprint) / BP 52 L3 1966Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature / Muhammad Mustafa Azami / 1977 / BP 135 A9Studies in Muslim Apocalyptic / David Cook / 2002 / BP 166.8 C66 2002A Study in Tolerance as Practiced by Muhammad and His Immediate Successors / Adolph Wismar / 1927 /BP 52 W5 1927AThe Sublime Qur’an and Orientalism / Mohammad Khalifa / 1983 / BP 130 K44 1983Submission: Sayings of the Prophet Muhammad / Shems Friedlander / 1977 / BP 135 A3 A47 1977The Subtlest Battle: Islam in Soviet Tajikistan / Muriel Atkin / 1989 / BP 63 T35 A87 1989The Sudan: Contested National Identities / Ann Mosely Lesch / 1998 / DT 157.5 L47 1998Sunshine at Madinah / Zakaria Bashier / 1990 / BP 75 B37Succession to the Rule in Islam / Anwar Chejne / 1960 / BP 166.9 C5The Sudan: A Second Challenge to Nationhood / Bona Malwal / 1985 / DT 157.5 M35 1985Sudan: The Christian Design / Hassan Makki Mohamed Ahmed / 1989 / DT 156.5 A36206The Sufis / Idries Shah / 1971 / BP 189 S38 1971Sufis and Anti-Sufis: The Defence, Rethinking and Rejection of Sufism in the Modern World / ElizabethSirriyeh / 1999 / BP 189.23 S57 1999Sufism: An Account of the Mystics of Islam / A.J. Arberry / BP 175 M9 A693Sufism: The Essentials / Mark Sedgwick / 2003 / BP 189 S355 2003Sufism and Islamic Reform in Egypt: The Battle for Islamic Tradition / Julian Johansen / 1996 /BP 189.7 S5 J64 1996Survey of Islamic Doctrine / Kamil Avdich / 1979 / BP 161.2 A83The Sword of Islam / Arthur Wollaston / 1905 / BP 161 W6Syria: Fragile Mosaic of Power / Martha Kessler / 1987 / DS 98.2 K47 1987Syria: Peace Partner or Rogue Regime? / U.S. House of Representatives Hearing, July 25, 1996 /HV 6431 S975 1996Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System / Anoushiravan Ehteshami and RaymondHinnebusch / 1997 / DS 95.5 E374 1997Syria under Bashar: Domestic Policy Challenges / International Crisis Group / 2004 / DS 95.5 S972 2004Syria under Bashar: Foreign Policy Challenges / International Crisis Group / 2004 / DS 95.5 S97 2004Syrian Ismailism: The Ever Living Line of the Imamate / Nasseh Ahmad Mirza / 1997 /BP 195 I8 M575 1997Talaq-i-Tafwid: The Muslim Woman's Contractual Access to Divorce / Lucy Carroll and Harsh Kapoor, eds./ 1996 / KNC 174 T358 1996The Tales of the Prophets of al-Kisa’i / Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Kisa’i / 1978 / BP 137 K5213Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia / Ahmed Rashid / 2000 /DS 371.3 R367 2000The Taliban: War, Religion and the New Order in Afghanistan / Peter Marsden / 1998 /

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DS 371.3 M37 1998Tapestry of Terror: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1994-1999 / Richard Chasdi / 2002 /HV 6433 M5 C534 2002The Tarjuman al-Qur’an: Volume One, Surat-ul-Fatiha / Mawlana Abul Kalam Azad / 1965 /BP 130.4 A913 1965Tawhid: Its Implications for Thought and Life / Isma’il Raji al Faruqi / 1982 / BP 161.2 A477 1982The Teaching of Islam in Verses from the Koran / Yacoub Szynkiewicz / BP 101 S9Tensions and Transitions in the Muslim World / Louay Safi / 2003 / BP 163 C32 2003Terror and Liberalism / Paul Berman / 2003 / HV 6431 B4794 2003Terrorism and the Middle East Peace Process / U.S. Senate Hearing, March 19, 1996 /HV 6431 T477 1996Terrorism in Algeria: Its Effect on the Country's Political Scenario, on Regional Stability and on GlobalSecurity / U.S. House of Representatives / Hearing: October 11, 1995 / DT 295 T47 1995The Terrorism Reader / David Whittaker / 2003 / HV 6431 T493 2003The Texts of Letters Exchanged between the Presidents of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic ofIraq 1369 (1990) / Maryam Daftari, trans. / 1995 / DS 70.96 I72 T49 1995Textual Sources for the Study of Islam / Andrew Rippin and Jan Knappert, eds. / 1990 /BP 161.2 T43 1990Theocracy, Human Rights and Women: The Iranian Experience / Montclair State University / 1993 /DS 318.81 T48 1993"They Cannot Stop Our Tongues": Islamic Activism in Jordan / Robert Satloff / 1986 /DS 154.55 S274 1986This Religion of Islam (Hadha ‘d-Din) / Sayyid Qutb / 1967 / BP 161.2 Q8The Threat of Islamic Extremism in Africa / U.S. House of Representatives / 1995 / BP 173.7 T57 1995Three Muslim Sages: Avicenna, Suhrawardi, Ibn Arabi / Seyyed Hossein Nasr / 1976 / BP 70 N36 1976Three Years of Pakistan 1947-1950 / Pakistan Publications / 1950 / DS 384 T5Through Muslim Eyes: M. Rashid Rida and the West / Emad Eldin Shahin / 1993 /BP 80 M825 S4712 1993Through Our Enemies' Eyes: Osama bin Laden, Radical Islam and the Future of America / Anonymous /2002 / HV 6430 B55 T49 2002To Be a Muslim: Islam, Peace and Democracy / Prince El Hassan bin Talal / 2004 / BP 161.3 H373 2004To Mutilate in the Name of Jehovah or Allah: Legitimization of Male and Female Circumcision / Sami A.Aldeeb Abu-Sahlieh / 1994 / BP 184.8 A44 1994Too Many Enemies: The Palestinian Experience in Lebanon / Rosemary Sayigh / 1994 /207DS 80.55 P34 S28 1994The Touch of Midas: Science, Values and Environment in Islam and the West / Ziauddin Sardar, ed. /1984 / BP 190.5 S3 T68 1984Toward an Islamic Reformation: Civil Liberties, Human Rights and International Law / Abdullahi AhmedAn-Na'im / 1990 / KBL N24 1990Towards Understanding the Qur’an / Mawlana Sayyid Abul A ‘la Mawdudi / 1988 / BP 130.4 M38Traditional Islam in the Modern World / Seyyed Hossein Nasr / 1990 / BP 163 N282 1990Traditionalists, Militants and Liberals in Present Islam / Jebran Chamieh / 1995 / BP 173.7 C48 1995The Traditions of Islam: An Introduction to the Study of the Hadith Literature / Alfred Guillaume / 1924 /BP 135 G8Traditions of the Prophet: Ahadith / Javad Nurbakhsh / 1981 / BP 135 A3 N87 1981The Tragedy of the Middle East / Barry Rubin / 2002 / DS 63.1 R835 2002Translation of the Holy Quran / Muhammad Ali / 1948 / BP 109 M8 1948The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari / Muhammad Muhsin Khan / 1981 /BP 135 A124 E54 1981The Translation of the Meanings of Summarized Sahih Muslim / Al-Hafiz Zakiuddin Abdul-Azim Al-Mundhiri/ 2000 / BP 135 A14 M86 2000Transnational Political Islam: Religion, Ideology and Power / Azza Karam, ed. / 2004 / BP 173.7 T73

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2004Tribal Nation: The Making of Soviet Turkmenistan / Adrienne Lynn Edgar / 2004 / DK 938.85 E35 2004Triumph of Disorder: Islamic Fundamentalism, The New Face of War / Morgan Norval / 1998 /HV 6431 N67 1998Tunisia: Prolonged Incommunicado Detention and Torture / Amnesty International / 1992 /JC 599 T8 A45 1992The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran / Said Amir Arjomand / 1988 /DS 316.6 A74 1988Turkey: A Short History / Roderic Davison / 1998 / DR 440 D24 1998Turkey at the Crossroads: Ottoman Legacies and a Greater Middle East / Dietrich Jung / 2001 /DR 557 J86 2001Turkey in the Middle East: Oil, Islam and Politics / Alon Liel / 2001 / DR 477 L54 2001Turkey in Transition / Irvin Schick and Ertugrul Ahmet Tonak, eds. / 1987 / DR 590 T84 1987Turkey's Relations with Iran, Syria, Israel and Russia, 1991-2000: The Kurdish and Islamist Questions /Robert Olson / 2001 / DR 477 O476 2001Turkish Islam and the Secular State / Nicholas Ludington / 1984 / BP 63 L8 T8 1984Turkish Islam and the Secular State: The Gülen Movement / M. Hakan Yavuz and John Esposito / 2003 /BP 173.7 T875 2003The Turkish Labyrinth: Atatürk and the New Islam / James Pettifer / 1998 / DR 603 P48 1998Turkish Nationalism and Western Civilization: Selected Essays / Ziya Gökalp / 1959 / DR 405 G613The Turkish Transformation: A Study in Social and Religious Development / Henry E. Allen / 1935 /DR 589 A6Turkish Transformation: New Century-New Challenges / Brian Beeley, ed. / 2002 / DR 589 T875 2002Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective / Robert Canfield, ed. / 1990 / DS 57 T83 1990Turmoil: The Druzes, Lebanon and the Arab-Israeli Conflict / Najib Alamuddin / 1993 / DS 59 D78 A43Twenty-Three Years: A Study of the Prophetic Career of Mohammad / Ali Dashti / 1985 / BP 75 D3 1985Two Halves of the Same Truth: Schacht, Hallaq and the Gate of Ijtihad / Michel Hoebink / 1994 /KBL H642 1994Understanding Islam / Frithjof Schuon / 1976 / BP 161.2 S386 1976Understanding Islam: An Introduction to the Muslim World / Thomas Lippman / 1990 / BP 161.2 L56 1990Understanding Islam through Hadis: Religious Faith or Fanaticism? / Ram Swarup / 1983 /BP 136.8 S92 1983Understanding Terror Networks / Marc Sageman / 2004 / HV 6431 S23 2004Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam / John Esposito / 2002 / HV 6431 E76 2002Unholy Wars: Afghanistan, America and International Terrorism / John Cooley / 2000 /HV 6431 C665 2000United Arab Emirates: A New Perspective / Ibrahim Al Abed and Peter Hellyer, eds. / 2001 /DS 247 T8 P4772 2001The United Arab Emirates: Nationalism and Arab-Islamic Identity / Emirates Center / 2000 /DS 247 T82 F563 2000US Policy Toward Iran, January 1979 / US House of Representatives / 1979 / DS 274.2 U6 U86 1979208USA and the Islamic World / A. Kislov and R. Zimenkov / 1984 / DS 35.7 K57 1984The USSR and the Muslim World: Issues in Domestic and Foreign Policy / Yaacov Ro’i / 1984 /DK 855.5 M8 U85 1984Uzbekistan: Politics and Foreign Policy / Annette Bohr / 1998 / DK 948.8657 B657 1998Uzbekistan on the Threshold of the Twenty-First Century / Islam Karimov / 1998 /DK 948.8657 K3747 1998The Vanguard of the Islamic Revolution: The Jama’at-i Islami of Pakistan / Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr / 1994 /JQ 559 A54 N37 1994The Vanished Imam: Musa Al Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon / Fouad Ajami / 1986 / BP 188.8 L4 A38 1986The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women’s Rights in Islam / Fatima Mernissi /

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