is95 introduction
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cdma introTRANSCRIPT
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An Introduction to CDMA Air Interface:TIA/EIA/IS-95A
Advanced Technology Center
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
Industrial Technology Research InstituteRay-Guang Cheng
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Chung-Wei Ku
ATC/CCL/ITRI
Advanced Technology CenterComputer & Communications Research LaboratoriesIndustrial Technology Research Institute
Contents
Introduction
Forward CDA Channel
Reverse CDA Channel
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CDA Around the !orld
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ultiple Access
FDA
" Advanced obile #hone $ervice %A#$ and Total Access
Communications $ystem %TAC$
" A#$ systems use '( )*+ ,slices, o- spectrum -or each channel
" .arrowband A#$ %.A#$ re/uires only 0( )*+ per channel" TAC$ channels are 12 )*+ wide
TDA
" I$324 systems5 designed to coe6ist with A#$ systems5 divide '( )*+ o-
spectrum into three channels
" #DC divides 12 )*+ slices o- spectrum into three channels" 7$ systems create 8 time3division channels in 1(( )*+ wide carriers
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ultiple Access
CDA
" uni/ue digital codes are used to di--erentiate subscribers
" codes are shared by both $ and 9$
" all users share the same range o- radio spectrum
9ene-its o- CDA:" Capacity increases: 8 to 0( times %A#$; 4 to 2 times %7$
" Improved call /uality
" $impli-ied system planning
"
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CDA
There are two CDA common air inter-ace standards:" Cellular %81438=4 *+ 3 TIA>I$3=2A
" #C$ %082(30==( *+ 3 A.$I ?3$TD3((8
They are very similar in their -eatures5 with e6ceptions o- the
-re/uency plan5 mobile identities5 and related message -ields@ I$3=2A
" 42 *+ spacing -or -orward & reverse channel
" #ermissible -re/uency assignments are on '( )*+ increments
" !>R 0( log %0@1188 *+>=B((*+ 10 d9 -or the =B(( bps rate set
A.$I ?3$TD3((8" 8( *+ spacing -or -orward & reverse channel
" #ermissible -re/uency assignments are on 2( )*+ increments
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Fre/uency #lan o- I$3=2A
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Fre/uency #lan o- A.$I ?3$TD3((8
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Forward CDA Channel o- I$3=2A
From 9$$ to $
It carries tra--ic5 a pilot signal5 and overhead in-ormation@
#ilot is a spread but unmodulated D$$$ signal@
#ilot and overhead channels establish the system timing and
station identity@
#ilot channel is also used in the mobile3assisted hando--
%A* process as a signal strength re-erence@
F1 and the #. rate is 0@1188 *+ %0@1188
*+ 018=B(( bps@
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Forward Lin) Channel #arameters
Channel $ync #aging Tra--ic
Data rate 01(( 48(( =B(( 01(( 14(( 48(( =B(( bps
Code repetition 1 1 0 8 4 1 0
odulationsymbol rate 48(( 0=51(( 0=51(( 0=51(( 0=51(( 0=51(( 0=51(( sps
#. chips>modulation symbol 12B B4 B4 B4 B4 B4 B4
#. chips>bit 0(14 12B 018 0(14 201 12B 018
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$ignal $tructure
The -orward lin) consists o- up to B4 logical channels %code
channels@
Code channels is one o- a set o- B4 so3called !alsh -unctions@
nly whole periods o- the !alsh -unctions occur in each code
symbol5 the !alsh ma)es the channels completely separable inthe receiver@
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verhead Channels
There are three types o- overhead channel in the -orward lin):
" pilot5 is re/uired in every station
" sync
" paging
#ilot channel" pure short code with no additional cover or in-ormation content
" always code channel +ero
" a demodulation re-erence -or the mobile receivers and -or hando-- level
measurements
" carries no in-ormation" all stations use the same short code5 distinguished by the phase
" period o- the short code5 102 1B@BBG ms at the 0@1188 *+ chip rate
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verhead Channels
#ilot channel %Conti@
" pilot phases always be assigned to stations in multiples o- B4 chips5
giving a total o- 1023B 201 possible assignments
" =3bit number that identi-ies the pilot phase assignment is called the Pilot
Offet
$ync Channel
" sync channel carries timing and system con-iguration in-ormation
" data rate is always 01(( bps
" interleaver period is also 8(>' 1B@BBG ms5 simpli-ies -inding -rame
boundaries5 once the mobile has located the pilot" code period ambiguity is then resolved by the long code state and system
time -ields
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verhead Channels
#aging channel
" used to communicate with $s when they are not assigned to a tra--ic
channel
" success-ul accesses are normally -ollowed by an assignment to a
dedicated tra--ic channel
" paging channel may run at either 48(( or =B(( bps
" each 9$ must have at least one paging channel per sector5 on at least one
o- the -re/uencies in use
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Tra--ic Channel
Tra--ic channels
" assigned dynamically5 in response to $ accesses5 to speci-ic $
" always carries data in 1( ms -rames
" carry variable rate tra--ic -rames5 either 05 0>15 0>45 or 0>8 o- =B(( bps
" rate variation is accomplished by 05 15 45 or 83way repetition o- codesymbols5 but the energy per bit appro6imately constant
" rate is independently variable in each 1( ms -rame
" the 8(( bps reverse lin) power control subchannel is carried on the
tra--ic channel by puncturing 1 -rom every 14 symbols transmitted@
Timing" all base stations must be synchroni+ed within a -ew microseconds
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Reverse CDA Channel o- I$3=2
From $ to 9$$
It carries tra--ic and signaling in-ormation@
F'5 the code symbol rate 1858(( symbols>sec5
B code symbols>modulation symbol5 and the #. rate is 0@1188
*+ modulation is B43ary orthogonal !alsh -unctions5 each period o-
the !alsh -unction is repeated -or -our chips o- the #. code
!alsh symbol rate is 0@1188 *+>%4 chips per !alsh chip>%B4
!alsh chips per !alsh symbol 458(( modulation symbols>second
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Reverse CDA Channel #arameters5 Rate $et 0
Channel Access Tra--ic
Data rate 458(( 051(( 154(( 458(( =5B(( bps
Code Rate 0>' 0>' 0>' 0>' 0>'
$ymbol Ratebe-ore Repetition 0454(( '5B(( G51(( 0454(( 1858(( sps$ymbol Repetition 1 8 4 1 0
$ymbol Rate a-ter Repetition 1858(( 1858(( 1858(( 1858(( 1858(( sps
Transmit Duty Cycle 0 0>8 0>4 0>1 0
Code $ymbols>odulation $ymbol B B B B B
#. Chips>odulation $ymbol 12B 12B 12B 12B 12B
#. chips transmitted>bit 12B 018 018 018 018
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$ignal $tructure
Reverse CDA Channel consists o- 1 4130logical channels
ne o- the logical channel is permanently and uni/uely
associated with each $@ The channel does not change upon
hando--@
Reverse lin) addressing is accomplished through manipulation o-period 1 4130Long Code5 which is part o- the spreading process@
The reverse CDA Channel does not use strict orthogonality in
any sense to separate logical channels@ Rather5 it uses a very long
period spreading code5 in distinct phases@ The correlations
between stations are not +ero5 but they are acceptably small@
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*ando--
CDA is speci-ically designed not only to reduce hando--
-ailures but also to provide seamless service@
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*ando--
$teps in a hando--
" $tarting in a state where only one cell is supporting the call in /uestion@
" In-orming the candidate cell o- the imminent hando--
" $ignaling the mobile to begin e6ecuting the hando--@
" .ew cell beginning to service the mobile" obile beginning to use the new cell
"
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A#$ v@s@ CDA
Di--erence between A#$ & CDA
" CDA hando--s do not normally re/uire -re/uency tuning@
" CDA re/uires change o- the code channel in the -orward CDA channel@
" .o tuning5 either -re/uency or code channel is re/uired in the reverse
CDA channel at any time@
A#$
" *ard hando-- %communication is interrupted brie-ly
" not simultaneous communication with more than one 9$
" 9$ do the signal /uality measurement
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CDA #rotocol
Hpper Layers
%#rimary Tra--ic
Hpper Layers
%$econdary Tra--ic
Layer 1
%#rimary Tra--ic
Layer 1
%$econdary Tra--ic
Layer 1
%$ignaling
ultiple6 $ublayer %Tra--ic Channel
Layer 1
%Lin) Layer
#aging & Access
Channels
Layer 1
$ync
Channels
Layer ' %obile $tation Control #rocesses
Layer 0 %#hysical Layer
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ultiple6 ption In-ormation
Format 9its #rimaryTra--ic
$ignalingTra--ic
$econdaryTra--ic
TransmitRate%bps&
i6edode % &
Tra--icType %TT &
Tra--icode
% T &9its>-rame 9its>-rame 9its>-rame
( 3 3 0G0 ( (
0 ( (( 8( 88 (
0 ( (0 4( 018 (
0 ( 0( 0B 021 (
0 ( 00 ( 0B8 (
0 0 (( 8( ( 88
0 0 (0 4( ( 018
0 0 0( 0B ( 021
=B((
0 0 00 ( ( 0B8
48(( 3 3 3 8( ( (
14(( 3 3 3 4( ( (
01(( 3 3 3 B ( (
Format 9its #rimaryTra--ic
$ignalingTra--ic
$econdaryTra--ic
TransmitRate%bps&
i6edode % &
Tra--icType %TT &
Tra--icode
% T &9its>-rame 9its>-rame 9its>-rame
( 3 3 0G0 ( (
0 ( (( 8( 88 (
0 ( (0 4( 018 (0 ( 0( 0B 021 (
0 ( 00 ( 0B8 (
0 0 (( 8( ( 88
0 0 (0 4( ( 018
0 0 0( 0B ( 021
=B((
0 0 00 ( ( 0B8
48(( 3 3 3 8( ( (
14(( 3 3 3 4( ( (01(( 3 3 3 B ( (
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#rimary and $ignaling Tra--ic
!!
"#
!!
"$
!!
"$
!!
"$
!!
"$
TT
"#
TT
"#
TT
"#
TT
"#
T!
"##
T!
"#$
T!
"$#
T!
"$$
Pri%ary Traffic " $&$ 'it
Pri%ary Traffic
" (# 'it
)ignaling Traffic
" (( 'it
Pri%ary Traffic
" *# 'it
)ignaling Traffic
" $+( 'it
Pri%ary Traffic
" $, 'it
)ignaling Traffic
" $+ 'it
)ignaling Traffic " $,( 'it
Pri%ary Traffic " (# 'it
Pri%ary Traffic " *# 'it
Pri%ary Traffic " $, 'it
,## ' Pri%ary
Traffic only
0i% 1 2urt with rate $/+
ri%ary 1 ignaling traffic
0i% 1 2urt with rate $/*
ri%ary 1 ignaling traffic
0i% 1 2urt with rate $/(ri%ary 1 ignaling traffic
2lan3 1 2urt with
ignaling traffic only
*(## ' ri%ary
traffic only
+*## ' ri%ary
traffic only
$+## ' Pri%ary
traffic only
$&+ 'it
(# 'it
*# 'it
$, 'it
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$econdary Tra--ic
!!
"$TT
"$
T!
"##
Pri%ary Traffic
" (# 'it
)ignaling Traffic
" (( 'it
!!
"$TT
"$
T!
"#$
Pri%ary Traffic
" *# 'it
)ignaling Traffic
" $+( 'it
!!
"$TT
"$
T!
"$#
Pri%ary Traffic
" $, 'it
)ignaling Traffic
" $+ 'it
!!
"$TT
"$
T!
"$$)ignaling Traffic " $,( 'it
0i% 1 2urt with rate
$/+ ri%ary 1
)econ4ary traffic
0i% 1 2urt with rate
$/* ri%ary 1
)econ4ary traffic
0i% 1 2urt with rate
$/( ri%ary 1
)econ4ary traffic
2lan3 1 2urt with
)econ4ary traffic only
$&+ 'it
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$ync Channel
$ignaling on all channels use a synchroni+ed bit3orientedprotocol@
$ync channel is used during the system ac/uisition stage@
$ync channel -rame length is the length o- pilot #. se/uence@
nly the )ync Channel !eageis sent on the sync channel@
$
" obtains in-ormation -rom )ync Channel !eage
" adusts its timing to normal system timing
" begins monitoring itsPaging Channel
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#aging Channel
Data rate: 14((5 48((5 =B(( bps
ne =B(( bps #aging Channel can support 08( pages>sec@
#aging Channel conveys -our maor types o- messages:
" overhead
"paging
" order
" channel assignment
Con-iguration o- the system is conveyed in -our overhead messages:
" $ystem #arameter essage
" Access #arameter essage" .eighbor List essage
" CDA Channel List essage
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verhead essages
$ystem #arameter essage:" con-iguration o- the #aging Channel
" registration parameters
" parameters to aid pilot ac/uisition
Access #arameter essage
" con-iguration o- the Access Channel" control parameters used to stabili+e the Access Channel
.eighbor List essage
" time o--set o- the pilot
" basic neighbor con-iguration
CDA Channel List essage
" CDA -re/uency assignment that contain #aging Channels
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#aging Channel essages
#age essage:" contains pages to one or more mobile stations@
rder essage:
" a broad class o- messages used to control a particular $@
Channel Assignment essage:" let 9$ to assign a $ to the tra--ic channel
" change #aging Channel Assignment
" direct the $ to use the analog F system
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Access Channel
Access Channel provides communications -rom $ to 9$ when$ is not using a Tra--ic Channel@
All Access Channel use 48(( bps mode
Access Channel essage:
" call origination" response to pages
" orders
" registrations
ne or more Access Channel are paired with every #aging Channel
Control o- Access Channel transmission is accomplished through
the Access #arameter essage sent on the #aging Channel
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Framing and $ignaling on the Tra--ic Channel
9oth -orward & reverse Tra--ic Channels use 1( ms -rames@
Frames can be sent at =B((5 48((5 14((5 or 01(( bps
$ignaling
" blan)3and3burst signaling:
sent at =B(( bps replace one or more -rames o- primary tra--ic data
" dim3and3burst signaling:
sent at =B(( bps
sends both signaling and primary tra--ic data in a -rame
degradation in voice /uality is essentially undetectable
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Tra--ic Channel essages & $ervice ption
Four types o- control messages on the Tra--ic Channel" messages controlling the call itsel-
" messages controlling hando--
" messages controlling -orward lin) power
" messages -or security and authentication
I$3=2 supports di--erent user applications5 called service options
Two di--erent service options can be simultaneous supported:
" primary tra--ic
" secondary tra--ic
$ can speci-y the desired service option at call origination@
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I$3=2 $tandard
Forward Lin)" #ilot Channel
" $ync Channel
" #aging Channels %ma6@ G
" Tra--ic Channels
#ower Control $ub3Channel
Reverse Lin)
" Access Channels
" Tra--ic Channels
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Forward CDA Channel
Forward lin) consists o- up to ,*logical channels %code channels The code channels are distinguished by a set o- B4 Walh
function
!alsh -unction code number +ero is always reserved as theilot
)hort Co4e %withperiod 1025 1G@BBG ms at 0@1188 *+
" spreading the CDA Forward Channel
" used in conunction with theLong Co4e-or spreading the CDA Reverse
Channel
Long Co4e %withperiod 141 3 0
" spreading the CDA Reverse Channel" Long Co4e !a3serves as a reverse lin) address
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7eneration o- Forward Code Channel
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Forward Channel odulator %$preading
Identical I5 E signals; but di--erent I5 E #. se/uences %short code Transmitted power is reduced by '5 B5 or = d9 -or variable data
rates at =@B )5 4@8 )5 1@4 )5 and 0@1 )bps
E#$ modulation
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Forward Lin) odulation #arameters
B4 othoronal !alsh codes per sector to identi-y channels" %$>. is not in-inite due to A!7.5 multipath5 and the neighboring cell
Long code %period 1 4130 to scramble data
D$ at 0@1188 cps
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Logical Forward CDA Channel
Forward CDA Channel
#ilot
Chan
$ync
Chan
!( !'1
#aging
Ch 0
!0
@@@Hp
to !G
#aging
Ch G
!8
@@@Hp
to
Tra--ic
Ch .
Tra--ic
Ch 0
Tra--ic Data obile #owerControl $ub3Channel
@@@
!'0
Tra--ic
Ch 14Hp
to
@@@
!B'
Tra--ic
Ch 22
!''
Tra--ic
Ch 12
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#ilot Channel
Hnmodulated signal Hni/ue per sector>cell
$ignal level is 4KB d9 higher than tra--ic channel
#er-ect phase>time>signal strength re-erence -or $
Hsed in initial system ac/uisition and hando-- -or $
#ilotChannel
%All (s
!alsh
Function
!(
#. Chips
0@1188 cps
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$ync Channel
01(( bps To convey pilot #. se/uence o--set5 time o- day5 and long code
state to allow immediate sync o- $ to the networ)
$ync
Channel
9its 0@1 )bps
Convolutional
15 =
Code
$ymbol
1@4 )sps
$ymbol
Repetition
9loc)
Interleaver
odulation
$ymbol
4@8 )sps
odulation
$ymbol
4@8 )sps
!alsh
Function
!'1
#. Chips
0@1188 cps
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$ync Channel Frame $tructure
$ync channel message has length o- =' 6 . bits
$ent in . super-rames:
" 0 super-rame %=B bits5 8( ms ' sync channel -rames
" 0 -rame %'1 bits5 1B@BG ms 03bit $ J '03bit data
" $ 0 : start o- message
essage contains:
" system identi-ication %$ID and networ) identi-ication %.ID
" #. se/uence o--set and long code state" system time5 leap seconds5 o--set -rom HTC5 etc@
" paging channel data rate
essage
Length
%in bytes
8 bits
Data
. $7 1 K 004B bits
CRC
'( bits
#adding
M(((@@@
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#aging Channels
4@8 ) or =@B ) bps $ame time alignment as the tra--ic channels
To page $ and to process other orders
#aging
Channel
9its 4@8 )bps
or
=@B )bps
Convolutional
15 =
Code$ymbol
=@B )sps
or
0=@1 )sps
$ymbol
Repetition
9loc)
Interleaver
odulation$ymbol
0=@1 )sps
odulation$ymbol
0=@1 )sps
!alsh
Function
! p
0 p G
#. Chips0@1188 cps
Long Code
as) -or#aging
Channel p
Long Code7enerator0@1188 cps
Decimator
0=@1 )sps
0=@1 )sps
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#aging Channel Frame $tructure
$ynchroni+ed paging channel message has length o- 4G 6 . or =2 6 . bits
$ent in . paging channel slots:
" 0 slot %8( ms 8 paging channel hal-3-rames" 0 hal-3-rame %0( ms5 48 or =B bits 03bit $CI J 4G %or =23bit data
" $CI 0 : start o- a paging channel message
essage contains:
" system parameters
" access parameter %-or access channel" channel assignment
" T$I %temporary $ identi-ication assignment
essage
Length
%in bytes
8 bits
Data
. $7 1 K 004B bits
CRC
'( bits
#adding
M(((@@@
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Forward Tra--ic Channel Frame $tructure
8
T
01
F
0G1
in-ormation bits
0=1 bits %1( ms=B(( bps
Frame
8
T
8
F
8(
in-ormation bits
=B bits %1( ms48(( bps
Frame
8
T
8
F
4(
in-ormation bits
48 bits %1( ms14(( bps
Frame
8
T
8
F
0B
in-ormation bits
14 bits %1( ms01(( bps
Frame
F: Frame Euality Indicator %CRC
T:
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Forward Tra--ic Channel Frame $tructure
For signaling
essage
Length
%in bytes
8 bits
Data
. $7 0B K 00B( bits
CRC
0B bits
#adding
M(((@@@
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Logical Reverse CDA Channel
Reverse CDA Channel
Access
Ch 0
Access
Ch n@@@Tra--ic
Ch 0
Tra--ic
Ch m
Address by Long Code #.s
n '1 mB1
M
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Access Channels
To access the system5 respond the page5 ma)e call originationand process other messages between the $ and the 9$
4@8 )bps slotted random access channel
$ is identi-ied by orthogonal o- long codeAccess
ChannelIn-ormation
9its
%88 bits>-rame4@4
)bps
Convolutional
'5 =
Code$ymbol
04@4
)sps
$ymbol
Repetition
9loc)
Interleaver
odulator
$ymbol
%!alsh chip
#. Chips 0@1188 cps
Add 83bit
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Long code mas) contents
$$###$$$$Acce Channel
5u%'er
Paging Channel
5u%'er
2ae )tation
I4entification
Pilot Offet for the
6orwar4 Channel
$$###$$### Per%ute4 7)5
Acce Channel Long Co4e !a3
Re8ere Traffic Channel Pu'lic Long Co4e !a3
*$ 99 9+ +( +& + +* ( #
*$ 9+ 9$ #
7)5":79$; 79#; 7+; 7+(; 7+&; 7+,; 7+; < ; 7+; 7$; 7#=
Per%ute4 7)5":7#; 79$; 7++; 7$9; 7*; 7+,; 7$&; 7(; 79#; 7+$; 7$+; 79; 7+; 7$,;
7&; 7+; 7+#; 7$$; 7+; 7+*; 7$; 7,; 7+(; 7$; 7$#; 7$; 7+9; 7$*;
7; 7+&; 7$(; 7=
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Access Channel
Acce
Channel
Is used by the $ to initiate communication with the 9$ & to respond to#aging Channel message
Fi6ed data rate %48(( bps & 1( ms -rame duration
Acce Channel !eage %ay carryOrigination of a call > Paging reone
Or4er reone > 0ata 'urtAc3nowle4ge%ent to Paging Channel %eageRegitration
Infor%ation 2it " (( 'it7nco4er Tail
( 'it
, 'it :+# %=
2aic fra%e tructure
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Access Channel Frame $tructure
Access channel message has length o- 88 6 . bits
Access channel slot is as
" Access channel -rame 883bits J 83bit tail bits %all (s" The value o- #AO$P and ANOCA#O$P are received on the paging
channel
essage
Length
%in bytes
8 bits
Data
. $7 1 K 841 bits
CRC
0B bits
#adding
M(((@@@
Access Channel #reamble (((M(((
=B 6 %0J#AO$P bits
Access Channel Frame
=B bits
@@@ Access Channel Frame
=B bits
=B 6 %4J#AO$PJANOCA#O$P bits
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Access Channel $lot $tructure
Acce Channel
)lot )tructure
Is %'JANOCA#O$PJ%0J#AO$P Access Channel -rames in length
An Acce Channel lot 'egin 1 en4 on an Acce Channel fra%e
'oun4ary.Acce Channel lot 'egin at Acce Channel fra%e in which
t %o4 :*?!ACAP)B?PA!)B="# 1 t yte% ti%e in fra%e
Prea%'le !aD Caule )iEe
Acce Tran%iion
!aD Length
Acce )lot
2oun4ary+# %
Acce channel fra%e
Acce channel lot of fi8e
+# % Acce Channel fra%e
Acce )lot n Acce )lot n?$ Acce )lot n?+
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Access Channel $tructure
Acce Channel )lot
AC6ra%e
AC6ra%e
AC6ra%e
AC6ra%e
AC6ra%e
Acce Channel Prea%'le AC2o4y
AC2o4y
AC2o4y
T T T
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!)GLength
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
(( 5f 'it
5f fra%e", 5f 'it$? PA!)B fra%e", :$? PA!)B='it
+# % " , 'it
#.#+ :*?PA!)B?!ACAP)B= ec " , :*?PA!)B?!ACAP)B= 'it
AC fra%e " Acce Channel fra%e
5f 5u%'er of Acce Channel fra%enee4e4 for %eage tran%iion
T 7nco4er Tail 'it
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Access Channel -ield %$7OLength & CRC
Acce Channel fiel4
:!)GLength 1 CRC=
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
The !) et the fiel4 of to the length of the %eage in octet; inclu4ing
the !)GLength; the %eage 'o4y 1 the CRC.The fiel4 hall 'e ( 'it in length; 1 the !) hall li%it the %aDi%u%
Acce Channel length to $$# octet or ((# 'it
The CRC inclu4e the !)GLength 1 the %eage 'o4y.
The generator olyno%ial for the CRC i
g:D="9#?+?+$?+#?$?$9?$+?$$?(?&?,?+?$
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Access Channel -ield %essage 9ody
Acce Channel fiel4
:!eage 2o4y=
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
Regitration !eage " H#######$Or4er !eage " H######$#0ata 2urt !eage " H######$$Origination !eage " H#####$$#Page Reone !eage " H#####$#$Authentication Challenge Reone !eage " H#####$$#
A Ch l -i ld % 9 d
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Access Channel -ield %essage 9ody
Acce Channel fiel4
:!eage 2o4y=
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
ACK)7J Ac3nowle4ge%ent )euence 5u%'er > !)G)7J !eage )euence 5u%'erACKR7J Ac3nowle4ge%ent Reuire4 In4icator > ALI0ACK ali4 Ac3nowle4ge%ent In4icator
ACKTP7 Ac3nowle4ge%ent A44re Tye > !)I0TP7 !) I4entifier fiel4 tye!)I0L75 !) I4entifier fiel4 length > !)I0 !) I4entifier
( fiel4
A Ch l -i ld % 9 d
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Access Channel -ield %essage 9ody
Acce Channel fiel4
:!eage 2o4y=
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
AMTN!O07 Authentication %o4e
AMTNR Authentication 4ata
RA50C Ran4o% Challenge 8alue
COM5T Call hitory ara%eter
* fiel4
A Ch l -i ld R i t ti
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Access Channel -ield: Registration essage
Acce Channel fiel4
Regitration
!eage
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
#######$
Regitration !eageRegitration !eage
ACK)7J
:9 'it=
!)G)7J
:9 'it=
ACKR7J
:$ 'it=
ALI0ACK
:$ 'it=
ACKTP7
:9 'it=
!)I0TP7
:9 'it=
!)I0L75
:* 'it=
!)I0
:(!)I0L75=
AMTN!O07
:+ 'it=
AMTNR
:# or $( 'it=
RA50C
:# or ( 'it=
COM5T
:# or , 'it=
R7GTP7
:* 'it=
)LOTCCL7
I507:9 'it=
!O2PR7
:( 'it=
)C!
:( 'it=
!O2T7R!
:$ 'it=
Reer8e4
:, 'it=
A Ch l -i ld d
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Access Channel -ield: rder essage
Acce Channel fiel4
Or4er !eage
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
######$#
Or4er !eageOr4er !eage
ACK)7J
:9 'it=
!)G)7J
:9 'it=
ACKR7J
:$ 'it=
ALI0ACK
:$ 'it=
ACKTP7
:9 'it=
!)I0TP7
:9 'it=
!)I0L75
:* 'it=
!)I0
:(!)I0L75=
Re8ere4
:+ 'it=
Or4er
:, 'it=
A00R
R7COR0L75
:9 'it=
Or4er-ecific
fiel4 if ue4
:( A44recor4len 'it=
Reer8e4
: 'it=
0oe 5OT ha8e Thi 6iel4
A Ch l -i ld D t 9 t
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Access Channel -ield: Data 9urst essage
Acce Channel fiel4
0ata 2urt !eage
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
######$$
0ata 2urt !eage0ata 2urt !eage
ACK)7J
:9 'it=
!)G)7J
:9 'it=
ACKR7J
:$ 'it=
ALI0ACK
:$ 'it=
ACKTP7
:9 'it=
!)I0TP7
:9 'it=
!)I0L75
:* 'it=
!)I0
:(!)I0L75=
AMTN!O07
:+ 'it=
AMTNR
:# or $( 'it=
RA50C
:# or ( 'it=
COM5T
:# or , 'it=
!)G
5M!27R
:( 'it=
2urtTP7
:, 'it=
5M!!)G)
:( 'it=
)5M!6I7L0
:( 'it=
CNARi
:( 'it=
Access Channel -ield: rigination essage
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Access Channel -ield: rigination essage
Acce Channel fiel4
Origination !eage
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
#####$##
Origination !eageOrigination !eage
ACK)7J:9 'it= !)G)7J:9 'it= ACKR7J:$ 'it= ALI0ACK:$ 'it= ACKTP7:9 'it= !)I0TP7:9 'it= !)I0L75:* 'it= !)I0:(!)I0L75=
AMTN!O07
:+ 'it=
AMTNR
:# or $( 'it=
RA50C
:# or ( 'it=
COM5T
:# or , 'it=
$:$'it=
+:9'it=
9:('it=
*:('it=
-:9'it=
,:$'it=
&
:#or$,'it=
(:$'it=
.:$'it=
$#
:#o9'it=
$$
:#or*'it=
$+
:$'it=
$9
:('it=
$*
:*or('it=
$-
:$'it=
$,
:#F&'it=
$ !O2T7R! +)LOTCCL7I507 9!O2PR7 *)C! R7JM7)T!O07 ,)P7CIAL)7RIC7 &)7RIC7OPATIO5 (P!
0IGIT!O07 $#5M!27RTP7 $$5M!27RPLA5 $+!OR76I7L0) $95M!6I7L0) $*CNARi $5ARA5CAP $,R7)7R70
5M!6I7L0) occurrence of thi fiel4
Access Channel -ield: #age Response essage
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Access Channel -ield: #age Response essage
Acce Channel fiel4
Page Reone
!eage
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
#####$#$
Page Reone !eagePage Reone !eage
ACK)7J
:9 'it=
!)G)7J
:9 'it=
ACKR7J
:$ 'it=
ALI0ACK
:$ 'it=
ACKTP7
:9 'it=
!)I0TP7
:9 'it=
!)I0L75
:* 'it=
!)I0
:(!)I0L75=
AMTN!O07
:+ 'it=
AMTNR
:# or $( 'it=
RA50C
:# or ( 'it=
COM5T
:# or , 'it=
!O2
T7R!
:$'it=
)LOT
CCL7
I507@
:9'it=
!O2
PR
7K
:('it=
)C!
:('it=
R7JM7)T
!O07
:9'it=
)7RKIC7
OPTIO5
:$,'it=
P!
:$'it=
5AR
A5
CAP
:$'it=
R7)7RK70
:-'it=
Access Channel -ield:
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Authentication Challenge Response essage
Acce Channel fiel4
Authentication Challenge
Reone !eage
Acce Channel !eage Caule
Acce Channel !eage Pa44ing
!eage 2o4y CRC
( 'it +F(*+ 'it 9# 'it
(!)GLength 'it A Reuire4
!)GLength
!eage TyeCo%%on Layer + 1
I4entification fiel4
Co%%on Authentication
fiel4
Reer8e4 or other
a nee4e4
#####$$#
Authentication Challenge Reone !eageAuthentication Challenge Reone !eage
ACK)7J
:9 'it=
!)G)7J
:9 'it=
ACKR7J
:$ 'it=
ALI0ACK
:$ 'it=
ACKTP7
:9 'it=
!)I0TP7
:9 'it=
!)I0L75
:* 'it=
!)I0
:(!)I0L75=
R7)7R70
:+ 'it=
AMTNR
:# or $( 'it=
R7)7R70
:* 'it=
Reverse Tra--ic Channels
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Reverse Tra--ic Channels
Qariable data rates and -ormat are as -orward tra--ic channel@ 9ut transmission duty
cycle is reduced accordingly@ %9its are not repeated on this channel@
essage -ormat is identical to the -orward tra--ic channel@
Reverse Tra--ic
Channel
In-ormation 9its
%0G15 8(5 4( or0B bits>-rame
8@B )bps
4@( )bps1@( )bps
(@8 )bps
Convolutional
'5 =
$ymbol
Repetition
9loc)
Interleaver
Code
$ymbol
18@8 )sps
Code
$ymbol
18@8 )sps
Add Frame
Euality Indicator
-or =B(( &
48(( bps Rates
Add 83bit
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Reverse CDA Channel $ignal 7eneration
Reverse Channel odulator %$preading
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Reverse Channel odulator %$preading
Identical I5 E signals; but di--erent I5 E #. se/uences %long code Jshort code
E#$ modulation
Reverse Lin) odulation #arameters
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Reverse Lin) odulation #arameters
1( ms interleaver -or time diversity rthogonal B43ary !alsh modulation symbols
Long code o- period 1 4130 %-or channel identi-ication
concatenated with #. codes o- length 1 02@
.oncoherent E#$ Diversity
" time diversity: coding J interleaving
" path diversity: RA< receiver
" spatial diversity: 1 R6 antennas %4 R6 antennas available during hando--
Reverse Channel Demodulation
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Reverse Channel Demodulation
$ystem with 4 -ingers and 8 searchersAntenna 9Antenna A
.ocoherent a6imal Ratio Combining
$o-t Decisions to Qiterbi Decoder
$ignaling Flow o- Registration #rocess
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$ignaling Flow o- Registration #rocess
$ noti-ies 9$ o- its presence %location5 status5 identi-ication5etc@ in the system
I$3=2 supports the -ollowing registration types:
" power3up registration
" power3down registration
" timer3based registration
" distance3based registration
" +one3based registration
" parameter3change registration
" ordered registration
" implicit registration
$ignaling Flow o- Registration #rocess
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g g g
$ 9$ $C
.ew
QLR
ld
QLR*LR
Register Determination
7lobal Challenge
Register
Qalidate RA.D
I$D. R
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g
Ac/uires the pilot channel Receives the sync channel with sync channel message
Adust to system timing
Receives the paging channel message
$ends origination message %also registration on the accesschannel
Receives channel assignment message on the paging channel
Initiali+es the tra--ic channel