is this feasible for women? industry or academia? can membership in ieee help you in your career?...

Is this feasible for women?Industry or Academia?

Can membership in IEEE help you in your Can membership in IEEE help you in your career?career?

Celia DesmondPresident

World Class –Telecommunications

Past President IEEE Communications Society President IEEE Canada (2000-2001)

Vice President IEEE Technical Activities 2006IEEE Secretary 2007 and 2012

Celia Desmond World Class - Telecommunications 1

Is an engineering career feasible for women?Yes, but …

Industry or Academia?Really a personal decision

Can membership in IEEE help you in your Can membership in IEEE help you in your career?career?A resounding yes – and some commentsA resounding yes – and some comments


Teacher◦ Kindergarten◦ High School◦ University programs◦ University courses

Bell Canada Stentor World Class – Telecommunications Author

…and a few stories


Communications Society Activity

Technical Committee member Technical Committee chair Elected to Board of Governors Director Chapters Elected Vice President – Member

Activities Director – Meetings and

Conferences Division III Director President

Chair – Audit Committee Chair – Transnational Committee Chair – WCET Committee


Local Activity

Chapter Member Chapter organizing committee Chapter Chair Section Executive Section Chair Region Director

Local Chapters, Section Chapter Member Chapter organizing committee Chapter Chair Section Executive Section Chair Region Director

Board of Directors◦ Must work up to this

Committees◦ Highly interesting, at all levels

◦ Lots of time required – so why do this?


… a diverse group of international communications professionals with a common interest in advancing all communications technologies. Toward that end it sponsors publications, conferences, educational programs, local activities, and technical committees that:

Foster original work in all aspects of communications.

Encourage applications for voice, data, image, and video communications and the integration of computing and communications.

Promote the theory and development of end–to–end communications networking and systems.

Advance communications infrastructure and technologies for systems including the Internet, personal communications, multimedia communications, enterprise networks, and optical communications.

Celia Desmond World Class - Telecommunications

IEEE Communications SocietyIEEE Communications Society

6


Member EmploymentMember Employment

Academic or Gov’t Research 11%

Students 10%

Industry Research 11%Industry Other 16%

Industry Other includes operations, marketing, finance, etc.

All Other includes retired and unemployed.

Industry Design & Development

39%

Academic or Gov’t Design & Development 5%

Academic or Gov’t Other 1%

All Other 8%

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Mary Ward-CallanIEEE Managing Director of Technical

Activities

8Celia Desmond World Class -

Telecommunications

General unemployment in US: not separated by gender (trend and 2Q2009)

General employment information for women Gender gap in pay and bonuses

◦ Gender gap in cities with most female engineers◦ Employers with the highest percentage of female engineers

Why are Women leaving Engineering Women in Academics Women in the IEEE


Telecommunications


Telecommunications

04/19/2311


Telecommunications

US Employment in Selected Occupations(Numbers in thousands - 2008)

Occupations Total % WomenAccountants 1,134 57.0%Architects 111 24.7%Engineers 1,949 11.5%Lawyers 554 24.0%Nurses 2,543 91.7%Physicians 263 30.0%

All Professionals 30,210 56.2%All Workers 135,185 46.4%

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US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2008 National Employment and Wage Estimates Celia Desmond World Class -

Telecommunications

US Employment in Selected Occupations(Numbers in thousands - 2008)

Engineers Total % Women Aerospace 67,800 10.5%

Biomedical 15,220 Chemical 30,970 21.2%Civil 261,360 11.5%Computer Hardware 73,370 10.8%Computer Software 875,990 20.8%Electrical/Electronics 294,600 8.6%Mechanical 233,610 5.8%

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US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2008 National Employment and Wage Estimates



Telecommunications

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http://www.glassdoor.com/blog/engineering-pay-gap-glassdoor-reveals-many-women-engineers-earn-less-than-men/


18



engineers City Male Engineer Annual

PayFemale Engineer Annual Pay

1 New York $103,398 $95,8812 San Diego $96,569 $85,0303 San Jose $118,040 $102,7994 Austin $95,287 $82,8005 Seattle $102,566 $79,596

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http://www.glassdoor.com/blog/engineering-pay-gap-glassdoor-reveals-many-women-engineers-earn-less-than-men/ Celia Desmond World Class -

Telecommunications


Telecommunications

While only one in 10 male engineers leave their field by the time they reach their 30s, about one in four women are not working in engineering despite having completed the necessary education

NSF Funded study the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (UWM) will explore the reasons for the relatively large gap between the number of women who obtain engineering degrees but leave the field or never enter, and those who pursue careers and remain

POWER (Project on Women Engineers' Retention) is an online survey of women alumni from more than 30 universities that have awarded the most bachelor's degrees in engineering to women (www.nsfpower.org).

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http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-11/uow--use110609.php


Women earn about 20 percent of university degrees in engineering annually, although women earned◦ 50% of all bachelors ◦ 45% of mathematics undergraduate degrees◦ 52% of chemistry undergraduate

Study showed that women earn degrees at the same rate as men, there are just too few enrolled

Retention in engineering programs does not seem to be the issue. But the number of women enrolled is still low.

http://www.urban.org/publications/1001338.html, PRISM magazine, the flagship publication of the American Society for Engineering Education.

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Female Students Are Just as Persistent as Men in Engineering, Database Shows By Paul Basken, http://chronicle.com/article/Female-Students-Are-Just-as/47933/


Between ages 25 and 30, 41% of the young talent with credentials in those subject matters are female

52% of this talent drops out. Attrition rates among women spike between age 35 and 40

24

Computerworld By Kathleen Melymuka June 16, 2008 12:00 PM EThttp://www.computerworld.com/s/article/319212/Why_Women_Quit_Technology


machismo : 63% of women in science, engineering and technology have experienced sexual harassment.

isolation many women cope with daily: Isolation in and of itself is debilitating, with no mentors, no role models, no buddies.

mysterious career path tracks: Lack of mentors makes mapping out a career path difficult, leading to a sense of stalling or being stuck

risky behavior patterns are not supported: For men, heroic efforts are rewarded and failures supported. Women do not have a support system that allows them to fail and rebound.

Long hours during family rearing years challenge the best women: average workweek is 71 hours, emergencies and family unfriendly environments challenge women much more than men

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Computerworld By Kathleen Melymuka June 16, 2008 12:00 PM EThttp://www.computerworld.com/s/article/319212/Why_Women_Quit_Technology



Telecommunications

Data for 2006 show that women continue to constitute a much lower percentage of S&E full professors than their share of S&E doctorates awarded in that year.

Women have made gains in all major S&E fields, but considerable differences by field remain. Women earned half or more of doctorates in psychology (71%) and the life sciences (52%) in 2006 but considerably less than half of doctorates in mathematics (30%), physical sciences (29%), computer sciences (21%), and engineering (20%).

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Thirty-Three Years of Women in S&E Faculty Positions

NSF 08-308 | June 2008 , http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf08308/Celia Desmond World Class -

Telecommunications

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SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 1958–2006. Celia Desmond World Class -

Telecommunications


Telecommunications

Women in IEEE

IEEE Composition by Gender* – All Members

* Based on those reporting gender to IEEE

7.6%8.0%

8.4% 8.5%8.8%

9.0%8.7% 8.6%

9.1%

5.0%

5.5%

6.0%

6.5%

7.0%

7.5%

8.0%

8.5%

9.0%

9.5%

10.0%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

In 2008, Women joining societies was 6.3%

In 2001, Women joining societies was 5.9%


Telecommunications

2008 Female Membership by RegionRegion HG Students Overall

R1 6.2% 12.3% 6.8%

R2 6.5% 13.0% 7.2%

R3 6.2% 12.7% 7.2%

R4 5.9% 10.0% 6.5%

R5 6.2% 11.2% 6.8%

R6 6.5% 11.7% 7.0%

R1–R6 Subtotal 6.3% 11.8% 7.0%

R7 6.7% 11.0% 7.5%

R8 7.1% 15.8% 9.4%

R9 8.0% 18.0% 13.2%

R10 7.5% 24.4% 14.4%

R7–R10 Subtotal 7.2% 20.2% 11.7%

Total IEEE 6.6% 17.7% 9.1%

* Based on those reporting gender to IEEE 31Celia Desmond World Class -

Telecommunications


© 2008 WEPAN www.wepan.org and Laurel Haak, PhD Sponsored by a generous grant from

32

Gender Differences in Learning

September 25, 2008

Dr. Laurel HaakDiscovery Logic

Sponsored by a generous grant from Alcoa Foundation

Dr. Laurel Haak

http://www.wepan.org


Subject 1990 1994 1998 2000

Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls

Mathematics•Trig/Algebra 3 20.6% 20.9% 23.0% 24.9% 19.4% 22.5% 17.9% 21.1%

•Precalculus 14.4% 13.0% 16.3% 18.4% 23.1% 22.9% 25.4% 27.9%

•Calculus 8.3% 6.2% 10.3% 10.1% 12.0% 11.6% 13.3% 12.0%

Science•Advanced Biology

25.7% 29.2% 31.5% 37.8% 33.8% 40.8% 31.5% 40.5%

•Chemistry 43.8% 46.1% 47.5% 53.3% 53.3% 59.2% 58.1% 66.8%

•Physics 24.9% 18.3% 26.7% 22.5% 31.0% 26.6% 35.6% 31.5%Source: US Dept of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress,

1990, 1994, 1998 and 2000 High School Transcript Studies. Based on Table 1-8 in National Science Board (2006) Science and Engineering Indicators, 2006. Arlington, VA: National

Science Foundation.


Source: National Science Board (2006) Science and Engineering Indicators, 2006. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation., Appendix Table 2-6.


Source: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resource Statistics, special tabulations of the US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education

Data System, Completions Survey. Data available at http://www.nsf.goiv/statistics/wmpd/tables/tabc-15.xls


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Year

Per

cent

Wom

en P

hDs

Social Sciences

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences

Engineering

Source: National Science Foundation (2006) Survey of Earned Doctorates, 1974-2004. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation.


Pipeline Problems?Pipeline Problems?

For more than 30 years, women have earned more than 30% of doctorates in social and behavioral sciences and more than 20% in the life sciences.

But, at top research institutions, women hold:

• 15% of full professorships in social sciences • 15% of full professorships in the life sciences • <10% of full professorships in other scientific fields

Minority women are virtually absent from leading S&E departments.


Controlled experiments and observation of real life experiences

show that people, including scientists and engineers:

◦ are less likely to hire a woman than a man with identical qualifications

◦ are less likely to ascribe credit to a woman than to a man for identical accomplishments

◦ will far more often give the benefit of the doubt to a man than to a woman


Telecommunications

Is a(n engineering) career feasible for women?Yes, but …

Industry or Academia?Really a personal decision

Can membership in IEEE help you in your Can membership in IEEE help you in your career?career?A resounding yes – and some commentsA resounding yes – and some comments


No one can select the career that works for you

You will spend at least half, probably 80% of your waking hours immersed in your career choice

Choose carefully!


is this feasible for women? industry or academia? can membership in ieee help you in your career?...

Documents

personal communications

communications technologies

multimedia communications

video communications

aspects of communications

optical communications

ieee secretary

industry research