iri - greece

8/13/2019 IRI - Greece

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( )

B Ale i Giann li , ICT In e n Team

The ge f immig a i n e eciall d ing he c e f he a en ea ha c ea ed an n eceden edi a i n, man anal a T jan H e f adical I lam in ide he all le an and libe al We e n E eancie ie b inging he e ec i e g e nmen n bef e a fai acc m li i a i n ha m be deal i h b alla ie in l ed, ha i he cie ie and g e nmen f he h c n ie a ell a he h me c n ie f he eimmig an .G eece c n i e a ni e and in e e ing ca e in man a . Fi , al h gh a membe f NATO, EU, EMU andWe e n defen i e and li ical mechani m in gene al ha n fa been he a ge f an a ack hea e fe a i n f I lamic e i g de i e i imi he M lim ld f b h A ia (Cen al, S h A ia and

he Middle Ea ) and N h Af ica a ell a he M lim la i n f he Balkan enin la.The c e f hi d i a em gi e a fai de c i i n f he backg nd f gene al immig a i n end G eece ince he ea l 1990 af e he fall f he ciali egime in Cen al, Ea e n E e and he USSR, he nea e f immig a i n hich can be aced in he ea l ea f he ne cen and hen ill m e n he dangee en ed b he c en i a i n i hin G eece gi en he n eceden ed n mbe f M lim immig an c en l inhe c n , m f hem ha ing c ed he b de illegall hence diffic l be aced in e m f ide l g ,backg nd, belie e and in en i n .The in d c i n and fi a f he a e gi e a backg nd f immig a i n hi and c en end in hec n affec ed b de el men in A ia and N h Af ica. The ec nd and hi d cha e ill l k a he a andc m i i n f he M lim c mm ni ie in he c n , b h he hi ic ne a ell a he ne ha ha e eme gedince he ea l 1990 . I ill al l k a he gani a i n c en l e i ing in he c n and he e ec i e M limc mm ni ie leade . The hi d cha e ill be l king a he e e i i e f he illegal m e and c l al

cen e c en l ing h gh he c n a ell a he maj i e f he c ea i n f a legal, majm e in A hen a he G eek ca i al i he nl E ean ne c en l i h a main M lim lace f hi .Cha e f ill e amine blem ela ed b de c n l a i i f hi ea n ha illegal immig a i n ha gedd ing he a en ea a ell a he c en e a i n he e b he EU F n e eam and he i e f hec n c i n f a fence al ng he G eek T ki h b de a a de e ence f he e e inc ea ing infl f immig an .The fif h cha e ill e amine ecific I lamic ela ed e i m inciden . A men i ned ab e, al h gh G eece han e been a a ge f I lamic e i m, a hi a e ill h , i i bec ming a f ba e f e i ac i ie eciall f backg nd e , aining, acc mm da i n f ce ain indi id al be f a ded We e nE e and financing f e a i n in hi d c n ie gi en he e e inc ea ing l f candida e , ha i illegalimmig an h a e l l ac i ing a ba e in he c n and can en iall n adical.Gi en he f nding f hi d , he c ncl i n ill de c ibe he main challenge he G eek S a e and cie faceda in ie f he c en end and in ha a he e end can be e e ed a ell a h can G eece

challenge he ca e f he blem f adicali a i n f he c n M lim la i n f da and f egene a i n f b h G eek and he legall e iding n n G eek ci i en f he c n .


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A) The Fi Maj Wa e f Immig an : 1989 2001

Af e he fall f ciali egime ac Cen al, Ea e n and SE E e a ell a he USSR

be een 1989 and 1992, G eece al ng i h he e e n and he n E ean c n ie

a ed ecei ing an n eceden ed n mbe f ef gee and immig an , all i h a e

fficial claim in ie f he a id de el men b h i hin hei h me c n ie and in he

E ean C mm ni a la ge. M f he e immig an , incl ding he illegal ne , did n

c n i e a maj h ea f he cial and a e ec i f G eece albei he c iminal ma f he

c n a ed changing a idl . The fi ha e f immig an infl e eciall mainl f mAlbania and e le e e end f m B lga ia and R mania had an im ac n ce ain ec f

em l men b al n c iminal ac i i ie incl ding e hef , ee c ime a ell a gani ed

c ime hich a ed g ing eadil in n mbe f ac i i ie and l me. Tha incl ded

i i n, bbe ie and d g m ggling. Al h gh m f he immig an did n iden if

hem el e eligi l e e ei he Ch i ian O h d , a hei (d e he cha ac e and hi

f hei egime ) and a mall n mbe f M lim igina ing ima il f m Albania and B lga ia.

The immedia e imi f G eece h e c n ie c ea ed a e f illegal immig an h ,

af e he fi ea , ei he a ed blending in cie aking j b ha G eek ld g ad all

aband n (e.g. in ag ic l e and c n c i n) f c ed n he e e g ing black ma ke and

illegal ac i i ie incl ding d g , i i n a ell a m ggling f mall a m he ea ca hef

and he kind f a med bbe ie ged. H e e , he g h G eece e e ienced (de i e

ha h mea e in de b ing he c n ec n m and li ical c e in line EU and

he c ming m ne a ni n acce i n) a ell a he e a a i n f he 2004 A hen Ol m ic

Game c ea ed h and f j b e alm a decade (mid 1990 2004) hich meh

am lified he i a i n i h ega d illegal ac i i ie de i e he fac ha in ab l e n mbe

c ime a c n in l n he i e. Al h gh he infl f immig an c n in ed, he e a a

ce ain deg ee f c n l e illegal immig a i n hich f m ime ime incl ded ide cale

lice e a i n ( he called b m e a i n ) e eciall in n he n G eece nde he K.

Mi aki c n e a i e g e nmen d ing he ea l mid 1990 a ell a he b e en PASOK

g e nmen leading 2004 Ol m ic Game .


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In he ame ime h e e , ce ain li ical (mainl igh f he cen e) ci cle e e a g ing f m

an ea l ime ha he c n in infl f immig an f m SE and Ea e n E e and he f

ea men b he G eek a h i ie f e f chea lab ld e en all c ea e

blem hen he n eceden ed g h G eece a e e iencing ld ea e nce he c n

had bec me a f ll membe f EMU a ell a hen he maj jec ela ed he Ol m ic

Game and G eece inf a c e in gene al ld c me c m le i n ( ch jec incl ded

he El Veni el In e na i nal Ai , A hen Pe i he al high a A iki Od , he Ri An i i

B idge, A hen Me li an and Pe i he al Rail a , he maj Ea We n he n m a

Egna ia and a n mbe f he jec , me f hem ill nde a ). Al h gh G eece ha

al a been in he c ad f man kind f immig an f m A ia and Af ica, ha in

he eligi elemen a n f ecial c nce n, a fa a cen al and ea e n E e e e

c nce ned, mainl d e he fac ha he immig an f m ha a f E e and he f me

(E ean) S ie a e e e ei he a hei n eligi in ac ice and ch c l al a ec

e e f ec nda (if f an a all) im ance hem. A a ed ab e, n n Ch i ian immig an

e e mainl c ming f m Albania (e eciall he n he n a f he c n ), Y g la ia (mainl

K ) and a le e e end f m FYROM (e eciall he Albanian la i n he e) and

B lga ia.

G eece hi a a a he h m gen c n 1 1989 had c ea ed a de fac i a i n f

he la i n, hich a la ge eac ed nega i el he dden and e helming a e f

immig a i n. Ce ain inciden f aci na e did ake lace in ie f c ime c mmi ed b me

f he immig an 2. Ne e hele , man in G eece, e eciall fa me and fac ne , k

ad an age f he illegal and legal immig an b hi ing hem a a f ac i n f he n mal a ll

k n field d ing ha e e i d a malle and la ge fac ie , a in fac did he fficial

a e i elf ing h e e le f he c n c i n f he af emen i ned jec hile

im l ane l gi ing hem he G een Ca d 3. G eek cie f man ea a el c an acce

he ne i a i n and f en ned a blind e e g ing blem . A la ge i n f he

1 1989 G C 98% C G , .

.

2 A A . A C 1980 C

C F .

3 D 1990 2000 A K . I , A K 2000 ( )

.


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la i n, ha i he n n c n e a i e igh ing e , claimed ha d e he hi

f he c n a a lace n he c ad f ci ili a i n laced be een We and Ea

g a an eed ha he e e le ld e en all blend in a did man malle e hnic g in

fac ince 1830 and he c ea i n f he m de n G eek na i n a e. C n e a i e and igh ing

e claimed ha d ing a ime f c i i he e e le ld in fac ac again he cie

and he S a e in gene al.

B) The e an i n f I lamic e ence in G eece: 2001 da e

Whe ea m f he fi a e f immig an G eece e e a hei , Ch i ian O h d

ec la M lim , e en in he Ca ca , Cen al and S h A ia af e mid la e 1990 a ed

c ea ing a ni e f G eece i a i n he e eadil la ge n mbe f illegal immig an c ming

ima il f m A ia h gh T ke a ell a n h Af ica h gh C e e and he ea e

e e a i ing he c n . The e e le, M lim in hei a maj i , e e mainl illegal

immig an h ei he aimed a a ing in G eece n il f he n ice an a ing G eece in

de each We e n E e. Al h gh illegal immig an f m A ia had been a i ing a ing

h gh G eece f man ea (mainl ince ea l 1980 af e he S ie in a i n f Afghani an

h gh E i e n he b de i h T ke in Th ace and ia he ea e n Aegean i land cl e

T ke i h mall b a ) a ell a Paki an he e had all been in e mall n mbe and

m f hem did n in end a i hin he c n . T ki h a ell a G eek m ggle ,

ne f mall b a in he Aegean e e all he e le e n ible f an fe ing h e

immig an . H e e , he me el ac ed a an e , ecei ing m ne f hi b he e e

n in l ed in he ini ial ha e f he m ggling, i.e. f m he immig an n c n ie . I

emain nkn n a ha kind f ela i n (if an ) h e an e had i h la ge g ,

I lamic n f m i hin he egi n. In a acial and ci il c nflic in he f me USSR (Tajiki ani

ci il a and he Chechn a i a i n), he India Paki ani c nf n a i n e Ka hmi egi n inh A ia and he e i he al c nflic in he A abian Penin la and N h Af ica (MENA egi n)

had adi i nall been he ce f illegal immig an ending a ing h gh G eece.

He e e h ld make a a en he i and a e ha he fi M lim, al h gh legal

immig an / ef gee G eece a ed a i ing in la e 1970 and ea l 1980 . The Lebane e ci il

a and he I anian Re l i n had c ea ed he fi ch a e f immig an G eece and

E e a la ge. H e e , a a ed ab e he e e e all h le familie and gene all

eacef l e le, c ming legall G eece and had ne e c ea ed an blem blending ela i el

ea il in he G eek cie a he did in F ance B i ain indeed he Uni ed S a e , lea ing hei


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c n ie e ac l beca e h e had been e aken b e emi elemen e e ignifican l

haken b l cal ci il a and e l i n . The Alge ian ci il a al c ea ed me infl f

ef gee albei in e mall n mbe a fa a G eece i c nce ned. The e le c ming f m

Leban n e e mainl Ch i ian he ea he mall Pe ian c mm ni ie in G eece (mainl

M lim and me Z a ian ) ha e adi i nall been i e and all e e f ced lea e

af e he I lamic ge i hin I an b he A a llah and hei ie . The e g al incl ded

me A menian (Ch i ian) Pe ian .

Af e 2001 he e en in Afghani an a ell a he c i e in e e al lace in Cen al, S h A ia,

MENA a ell a b Saha an Af ica a ed c ea ing a ni e i a i n f G eece. The

g e nmen ed n eac hea il n he e a he g e nmen did ( ima il F ance and

I al ) and, d e li ical c and he eac i n f he e le ( h h e e lacked backg ndkn ledge ab he ible dange hi infl c ld ha e) G eek a h i ie e e el c an in

ing e ce i e f ce, i.e. inking h ea ening ink he b a i h immig an im l

hibi ing hem a ach he mainland n h mani a ian g nd . The infl h gh T ke

( hich adi i nall ha d ne e li le a hal he i a i n ee ec i n bel ) al ng

E i e b de in n he n G eece and he Aegean Sea e a ed g ing eadil and b

2004 he G eek ban cen e and maj (like he f Pi ae , Sal nika and mainl Pa a

in e e n G eece, hich link G eece I al ) a ed c ncen a ing la ge n mbe f illegal

immig an , mainl Afghan , Paki ani , Banglade hi, and N h. C n a he e le f m SE

and Ea e n E e he e e e alm e cl i el illegal h e e ei he eeking a l m in

G eece (enc aged b he g e nmen linea ance) an ed each We e n E e. Thi

i a i n eadil g f hand and f m e e al h and e ea (al h gh a i ic ha e

all been ambig ) c en a i ic (a e ill ee f he n) alk f m e han 100,000

e le c ming G eece each ea in ie f ecen egi nal de el men . One f he ea n

ega ding hi linea ie ha e been he lef ing a ie (mainl S na i m SYRIZA and a

le e e end he C mm ni ) mainl i h a ce ain lan, im l n h mani a ian g nd

ha e been ing he le ance f G eek cie e n he a i g e nmen n eac

hea il n he i a i n. Thi clima e ha b gh he G eek a e and cie da bef e a

i a i n and ince he ea l 2000 (mainl in cen al A hen ) he i a i n g f

hand. The ec i e c ing i h f eign aid f he 2004 S mme Ol m ic Game did

im e he i a i n albei nl em a il . Thef , bbe ie , d g m ggling and i e

handling ha e been he main ac i i ie f he e e le he ea a cla ic endea i illegal

ede ian ma ke and affic ligh begging. La el , he e ha e been e e g ing inciden f


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in a immig an cla he mainl be een A ian M lim and Albanian , a b h claim adi i nal

f b ine . A e ill ee f he n, he la c le f ea ha e een a a id inc ea e in

claim f h man igh , incl ding he c ea i n f m e in A hen and he ban cen e and

an e e inc ea ing e e n g e nmen ince 2000 gi e g een ca d and g an a l m

he c n in infl f illegal immig an . I h n icing ha la ea he EU had

al been a he el c an in hel ing G eece deal deci i el i h he illegal immig a i n a ell a

e ing T ke a hal he a ing h gh a d G eece and E e a la ge. The

G eek di l mac ha n been e e i en in ing hi i e a a e e i i e f T ke EU

acce ance neg ia i n .

A) T adi i nal and Hi ic C mm ni ie

The indigen M lim la i n f G eece i mainl l ca ed in he egi n f We e n Th ace

and in me i land f he D decane e in he Ea e n Aegean mainl n he i land f Rh de and

K . Thi min i c n ide i elf m l f T kic igin al h gh he G eek a e ha been

el c an in acce ing ha fac and d e n ec gni e hem a an min i b me el a a

eligi ne. The bel ng he m de a e Hanafi, S nni adi i n f I lam. The n mbe

a ima el 140,000 e le li ing ed minan l in he ci ie f K m ini and Xan hi and he

a ea a nd he e ci ie 4. E hnic g f he la i n incl de P mak a ell a M lim

R ma, al h gh m f he R ma in G eece li e a nd maj ban a ea and a e all

Ch i ian . The l cal M lim la i n f Th ace ha n c ea ed an e i blem h fa in

e m f ecific inciden , al h gh he T ki h c n la e in K m ini ha been ac i e (e en m e

la el ) in calling T ki h g e nmen fficial and di l ma alk and c mm nica e i h

hei c mm ni a he claim hi i an e hnic (T ki h) min i . A ela i el ecen inciden in

N embe 2004 c ea ed i len eac i n f m he l cal c mm ni incl ding ning and

in ec i e f ac and TV c e hen f he e f a TV e ie a man ( he leading

ac e ) alked in a M e in he illage f Echin . Al h gh man e le he e k a in

he i (la ing 1 2 da ) he c mm ned nl f e le, f hem f nd g il

4 D C I : :// . . / / / / /2006/71383.


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ge ing 9 m n h im i nmen i h defe men in 2007 5. The inciden , al h gh a min ne

i hin he gene al f ame k f I lami ela ed i lence, h ed h e e ha he l cal

c mm ni ie a e m e c n e a i e han m e le i hin G eece belie ed and le el f

le ance can ea il been b eached.

O ide Th ace and he fe i land f he Aegean, m f he M lim c mm ni i be f nd

in Sal nika hile mall n mbe f M lim ha e adi i nall li ed a nd A hen . The A ani e ,

an he e hnic g ini iall b gh in ha i da G eece b he B an ine and la e he

O man , ha e been m l c n e ed Ch i iani a he ed emain i hin he ne l

e abli hed G eek a e back in 19 h cen af e he e l i n f 1821 and G eece f ma i n

a a na i n a e. A ani e ed li e ima il in A ica egi n a nd and in ide A hen , E ia

i land, he i land f he Sa nic G lf ( ff he c a f A ica) and in Ea e n Pel nne e incl ding

he ld ci f Naf li n, G eece ec nd ca i al af e he e l i n, hile he e a e e e al

illage alm e cl i el inhabi ed b hem in all f S e ea Ellada egi n, i.e. he n G eece,

bel The al egi n. The ela i el mall n mbe f adi i nal M lim c mm ni ie in G eece,

mainl c ncen a ed in he n h, e en ed hem f m li ing agg e i el (al h gh n ea n f

agg e i n e i ed) and ha e been la gel li ing in i la i n, al h gh he main li ical a ie

( ima il PASOK, Ne Dem c ac and me lef i ne ) ha e had e e al MP h gh he

ea (albei n m e han 2 3 a an gi en m men ) in he G eek a liamen e e en ing h e

c mm ni ie in he n h. I i in e e ing n e ha l cal leade ch a he M f i a e

a in ed b he G eek a e 6; h e e , he a e all (and n fficiall ) e a ed b he

c mm ni and enj i . Alm e cl i el all M e in G eece a e be f nd in

Th ace hile a c le e i n Rh de and K i land .

B) P 1989 C mm ni ie

The M lim A cia i n f G eece (MAG) a e ha c en l he n mbe f legali ed M lim in

he c n i ghl a nd f 830,000 1,000,000 7 e le. I al indica e ha man f h e

e le ha e c me G eece ince he ea l 1970 hile a a id inc ea e in he n mbe f man

5 , A . D C E (G ), , 24/10/2007:// . . / / /7970/

6 K , I . F F (G ), , 4/6/2006, :// . . / / /? =173675

7 A G ( AG) A G :// . / / / /


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ce ain M lim min i ie , ch a he Paki ani ne, cc ed af e 1991. Beca e fficial cen

i h ega d immig an ha nl a ed la el ( he la e being in 2001, hile al i ha been

blema ic de e mine e ac n mbe f legal and illegal immig an ) he e i all g ea

c nf i n i h ega d b h he e ac n mbe a ell a he c m i i n f he e

c mm ni ie . Be nd he n eliable cen da a, e ima e n he n mbe f M lim in g ea e

A hen egi n a be een 120,000 200,000 8 e le. H e e , e f al n mbe f

illegal immig an , la gel nkn n a hei igin e hnic g , eak f ab 470,000

e le 9, me f hem b inging he al n mbe f immig an a nd 1,500,000 ibl

e en 2,000,000 e le, M lim in hei a maj i acc ding ec nda , n fficial ce 10 .

Officiall he e a e me 500,000 ce ified M lim legal immig an in G eece n f hich 300

350,000 li e in A hen 11 . Albei illegal, m f he e e le ha e a g ing n mbe f

e e en a i e c mm ni ie m f hem e af e 2001 hile me e i ed ince he ea l

1990 .

The ge g a h f illegal and he immig an da i m e ca e ed and al h gh A hen and

he maj ban cen e c n i e hei main h b, he can al be f nd h gh he

c n , im l in lace he e he can k ( f en ela ed ag ic l al d c i n). The

ec lia i ab he G eek ca i al in c m a i n he E ean ne i ha he a maj i

f M lim and he immig an (incl ding Af ican, Chine e and Ea E ean) a e in fac

c ncen a ed in he e cen e f he ci , hich, e eciall d ing he nigh can bec me

in imida ing f G eek a ell a i . Pe le f m SE and S h A ia a e al be f nd in

l e middle cla cen al a ea f Ag. Pan eleim na ( e cl e he cen al Om n ia S a e)

and he neighb h d f K l n and Me a gi . Place like he a ea nding he

Na i nal Thea e ( h f Om n ia S .), he cen al ail a a i n f A hen , he neighb h d

f Pa i ia ( he e he Na i nal P l echnic Uni e i i ) and he lace ea f he ancien Ag aa e c mm n h b f ima il M lim immig an .

8 E , H , . , CRONEM 6th Annual Conference June 2010, , : :// 3. . . /A /C E /C

2010/ /E H . , .2

9 D , H I G A E IA E , 17/1/2011,:// . . / / . ? = & = & =16875&I =86

10 , I G ? (G ) 10/2/2011,:// . . / . ? =80& =272526& =122

11 G . I G (G , E ), 26/9/2005, :// . . /? =3768


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Wi h ega d he ge g a h f immig an all e he c n , a d c nd c ed nl ecen l

b P fe Vi na K amani f m he Lab a f Dem g a hic and S cial Anal e f he

Uni e i f The al in cen al G eece ( bli hed in he a h i a i e ne a e

Elef he ia 12) h ha M lim immig an a e li ing ima il in A ica (mainl A hen ) and

he c n ie (n m i) f E ia, Ve ia hile al a g d n mbe e i in a i lace f C e e

and me Aegean I land . The e ea ch h ha nl 28 m nici ali ie ( f 1034) all e

G eece eem ha e n immig an a all hile in 165 m nici ali ie immig an make m e

han 10% f he la i n (na i nal a e age being 6.79%). An he ke in i ha 20 35% f

bi h in 2004 and 2005 came f m immig an , ed minan l M lim ne .

Ma 1 bel h he di ib i n and he maj a i ic f he immig an in G eece:

E lana i n f c l 13:

The bl e c l (G A) h egi n he e e ha e an inc ea e f immig an bi h i h a

im l ane dec ea e f G eek bi h . The g e c l (G B) h a dec ea e in b h

immig an bi h a ell a G eek hile he Yell c l (G C) h he i e an

inc ea e in G eek bi h and a dec ea e in immig an bi h . G D, he beige c l

bec ming ed and dee ed nde nea h h he inc ea e in he al la i n f G eek and

he i e h gh he c n . The e i d f all he e a i ic i f m 1991 2001, i.e.

bef e he big infl f illegal immig an f ll ing US led e a i n in I a and Afghani an and

he maj de el men .

12 D , E G I (G ), E 19/1/2011,:// . . /? = . . & =242814

13 I


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O ide Th ace he e l cal gani a i n and m e ha e e i ed f ea , m f hem

financed b T ke , he e a e c en l a fe fficial and an Hellenic M lim a cia i n in he

c n in he f m f NGO , hile he e i a g ing n mbe f l cal ba ed cen e , all

a nd i a e m e c l al cen e gani a i n 14 . Va i emba ie e a e c l al

cen e and ch l a ell, h e e he all a e m ni ed and ell kn n. The m

e abli hed gani a i n i MAG 15 , f nded in 2003 i h link he Eg ian M lim

B he h d 16 . P e iden f he MAG i Naim El Ghand an Eg ian b n M lim h li e in

G eece ince he ea l 1970 and ha ac i ed G eek ci i en hi . Hi ife Anna S am a G eek

c n e I lam i a membe f he b a d f ad i f he gani a i n 17 . She i al he

admini a f he i lamf iend .g eb i e and al k f g eek e hink.c m, an Engli h

eb i e a ealing he in e na i nal c mm ni f nded b Iman S i ia K ali a G eek

Canadian c n e I lam. The eb i e a i lam.g i he nline ed ca i nal la f m f MAG.

An he maj gani a i n i h alleged ie he M lim B he h d i he I lamic C l al

Cen e f A hen ( G eek A abic c l al Cen e), e abli hed in 2001 iginall in Am el ki i, an

a ea i hin alking di ance f m he cen e, hile in 2007 i m ed he ea ide b b

M cha cl e Pi ae (n aceable eb i e li ed). The m e a achie ed b a Sa di

b ine man named Al Fa an h b gh in 2006 an ld e ile fac b ilding a he ice f

2.5 milli n, in de h he G eek A abic C l al Cen e. The 1,800m2 b ilding al ide

a lace he e M lim can a and e e a a emi f mal m e, in fac he fi in A hen

af e 170 ea . The b ilding ha a ca aci h ab 3,000 hi e 18 . An he

gani a i n i h ie he M lim B he h d i a i al ne. The eb i e i lam.g i an

nline la f m f he MB in G eece. The admini a f he eb i e i Shadi A bi, a

Lebane e j nali and c e nden f he Al Ja ee a in A hen19

. Finall , an he eb i eela ed I lami ac i i ie and aganda i h ://i lamf g eek . g hile e e al bl g and

14 I F ::// . . / I C . ? = & =0& =50& = & =

15 AG : :// .

16 B , A . B G , I E, 13/3/2011 :// . /? =226

17 I

18 , ; (G ), 22/6/2007:// . . / / / =112, =22.06.2007, =45124756

19 G , . I G (G ), 19/3/2008:// . . /4 / 100062 13/09/2008 284648


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11

he min eb i e c me and g e i dicall n he ne .

A ecen e ela i n b Wikileak f US De f S a e eleg am , h ed ha al ead ince 2009

he f me Amba ad f US G eece, M . Daniel S eckha d, had n ed he dange f he

f ma i n f e emi I lamic cell and he e f he c n a a a e e in f e i

f m he Middle Ea he E ean c n ie aking ad an age f he e all le ance f he

G eek cie and he dee belief (f man hi ical, li ical, cial and e nal ea n) ha

G eece i n in dange i h ega d he c ea i n and ac i i f e emi gani a i n in he

c n .

Se e al in h e e m be aken in acc n in de nde and da h hi belief

ha ac all led he ela a i n f he na i nal an i e i ni and in elligence c mm ni

and h hi i a i n can lead a c i i . The in elligence c mm ni in G eece i ima il

c m mi ed b he Na i nal In elligence Agenc EYP ( .ni .g ), he an i e i

de a men f he Hellenic P lice 20 ( .a n mia.g ) hile he M D ha n fficial in elligence

agenc / ni b nl a di ec a e (li e all an ffice i h n m e han 10 e le in al king

in i ) ha ima il m ni ea n ac i i i n and m emen , mainl b T ke (in me

c e a i n i h EYP b mainl h gh OSINT inf ma i n and SIGINT inf b he mili a ). The

ab ence f ell gani ed de a men i hin EYP ( hich mainl f c e n he lef i e i

gani a i n in G eece and e i nage b T ke and a le e e end ac i i ie b Albanian and

FYROM ela ed li ical en i ie in he n h), he limi ed e i ence f de igna ed and decla ed

M lim immig an and gani ed cen e in he c n f man decade and he belief ha

G eece cann c n i e a a ge d e he adi i nall g d ela i n i h he A ab ld

f elled hi ela a i n f he fficial S a e hile i h ega d he li ical cene m li ical

a ie did n ec gni e, a lea n il ecen l , he e i ence f ch h ea . Al , beca e f allhe ab e belief and he immen e infl f illegal immig an he a h i ie ha e nl ecen l

eali ed ha G eece, albei n a a ge a lea fa , can and m babl i being ed a a

an i in and a a afe ha en f gani a i n ing he c n f ing e a i n a

ell a ec i men , n m ch f G eek ci i en (de i e he aganda f me f he

af emen i ned eb i e and cen e ha G eek inc ea ingl c n e I lam n ch end can

e i l ake lace) b f he c n le M lim illegal immig an c ming f m Af ica, he

20 I .


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12

Middle Ea , and A ia 21 .

I i nde andable ha al h gh he e minen indi id al li ing in G eece and he a i

gani a i n ha e i did n and c ld n c ea e blem e en e en ea ag hen

he c n held he Ol m ic , aken in acc n all he ab e elemen ch a he

gani a i n f he ec i f ce , lack f e ec i e kn ledge a he high anking le el f he

in elligence, lice, he a med f ce and f he ign ance f he li ical e abli hmen , he

i a i n l l and nn iceabl ha eached da a c cial in . Recen de el men in

N h Af ica a ell a T ke ance and he a chemen be een G eece and I ael

ima il f ge li ical and ene g e , a e c ea ing a c n an l changing i a i n. A

e ab he f e f (mainl M lim) immig an in G eece indica e n mbe

ab e 2,150,000 e le 22 (e cl ding he l ng e abli hed M lim c mm ni ie ) and i h he

e hnic G eek la i n emaining la gel he ame d ing he a decade ne can nl eali e

he eme ging blem and he need f m ch cl e m ni ing f all he ab e en i ie and hei

leade . A e al, he ne ef ing cl e c e a i n i h he S a e and eg la checking

mechani m m be c n ide ed ici . I al ec lia n ice ha inf ma i n ab

en ial e ended a ack i b Al Qaeda and he ela ed g in A hen all c me

f m he Righ . S ecificall , he leade f he LAOS (P la O h d Ala m) a and ld

membe f he ne libe al Ne Dem c ac a , Ge ge Ka a afe i ha ken la el f a

ecific h ea b me 5000 (allegedl ) Al Qaeda affilia ed Afghan , a he claim , li ing in he

cen e f A hen h c ld c ea e ma hem a an gi en m men 23 . Thi i c en l a min i

a liamen a a in i ec nd e m in he na i nal a embl hich, h e e , in ligh f ecen

de el men gain c n an l e . Beca e he e a emen c me ima il f m igh ing

a ie he maj i f he la i n di ega d hem and al h gh he e a e all

e agge a i n , he e i al a a d f h in hei a i ic . We ill deal i h he i e fecific h ea la e n in d .

21 D . I C (G ), 14/3/2011,:// . . / / . ? = & = & =18276&I =86

22 I

23 Proto Thema Newspaper Prime Minister of Greece says A Shame not to have a Mosque (Greek), 10/12/2010http://www.protothema.gr/politics/article/?aid=94967


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13

A) The I e f c n c ing a maj m e in A hen

The i e f lace f hi he han Ch i ian ch che in G eece ha been ne f he

ab f G eek cie and li ic f decade . In lace he e he maj i , if n he ali

e e ed be Ch i ian O h d , l cal cie ie incl ding ie all fie cel eac in

ie f lan f a d f he c n c i n f an lace f hi he han a ch ch.

Regi n in n he n G eece he e adi i nal M lim c m ni ie a e d , f c e, c n i e an

e ce i n. The egi n f Th ace ha ghl 300 m e 24 .

S me 33 ea ag he hen P ime Mini e f G eece, K n an in Ka amanli had mi ed he

King f Sa di A abia Khaleb ha he e ee he c n c i n f a m e in A hen n he n

b b ( ne f he iche egi n f he ca i al) 25 hile en fi e ea ag he PM, And ea

Pa and e , he fa he f he c en PM f G eece Ge ge Pa and e , had fi mi ed

b ild a m e in A hen i hin a gene al clima e f a chemen i h he A ab ld

incl ding hi g d ela i n i h Ya e A afa and M amma Gaddafi 26 hich ha c ed G eece

dea l i h ega d i in e na i nal ela i n in he a . The i e ha la el bec me in e linked

i h he illegal immig a i n and he g ing n mbe f M lim immig an h , ince he d

e i ( me f hem f m e han en ea ) he a g men g e h ld ha e a lace f

hi . M f he e le in G eece nde and hi , e , man f h e a g e ha he a

maj i f he M lim la i n ince he a e illegal immig an h ld n ha e been he e,

hence, b c n c ing a maj m e in cen al A hen im lie cial ec gni i n. Thi i a

ici ci cle kind f a g men . Since man illegal m e , lace f hi and c l al

cen e d e i , he b ilding f a maj m e acc m anied b a c l al cen e ld

e e hing in e ec i e, c ea e a e (i.e legal) lace f hi hich can be al m ni edbe e .

Since he fall f he O man Em i e and he final de a f he la M lim li ing in A ica egi n,

A hen i he nl E ean ca i al i h n e m e. The g e nmen f Ge ge

Pa and e ha decided ( i h a c n en f alm all a liamen a a ie ) ceed i h

24 See International Herald Tribune via NY Times http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2006/10/06/europe/EU_GEN_Greece_New_Mosque.php 25 Kalafatis, Alexandros Greece Fears Immigrant Unrest, Presseurop, 29/5/2009 Http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/article/11841-greece-fears-immigrant-unrest 26 Ibid.


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a g men i , a men i ned ab e, ha he a ea in hich i ill be b ild ill e en all bec me a

ghe . H e e , acc ding ini n e ince 2006 he i i e ini n f he

c n c i n f a maj m e a e n he i e 29 . Recen e en ch a he fi ma i e a e

b me 13,000 M lim in he e cen e f A hen 30 (c nd c ed b Eg ian M f i h came

ecificall f he e en ) n 16 N embe , 2010, ha e a a en l hed he blic ini n

cl e he acce ance f he c n c i n f a maj m e, ide he cen e, a he han

he m e cen al (ancien ) a ea f Elai na he e he g e nmen i al hinking b ild a

m e i h a ca aci f 500 e le hich ha ecei ed e in en e c i ici m de i e he fac

ha he nce li e ee f e f ancien ime , a h l lace f ancien G eek became la e an

ind ial a ea.

The ma h he al igin f M lim immig an . The lef c l mn (bl e c l mn ) ead he

n mbe f a lica i n f e manen e idenc ecei ed 31

B) Illegal m e : n mbe , iden i , financing

The n mbe f illegal m e and he cen e in G eece, mainl in A hen , ha been f

a ic la c nce n and ha been linked (n i h ea n) d ing he a decade i h he

inc ea ing infl f illegal immig an . The e, la gel nm ni ed lace f hi a l he

e l f he ab ence f maj and legal cen e a e all f nded b e e nal ce m f

hem nkn n b he lice and S a e ec i e ice ( hich lack kn ledge and e e i e nI lamic e emi m and c l e in gene al 32). The M lim A cia i n f G eece (MAG) claim ha

he al n mbe f M lim li ing in A hen igh n (legal and illegal) ha e eached he n mbe

f me 700,000 e le 33 , he ame a in L nd n a he a icle f M An ni F li ead . M

P a ian , h c n e ed he ecen l c ea ed egi nal g e nmen f G ea e A hen

29 See a major survey about Islam and Greek societys opinions by a prominent public opinion company: http://www.publicissue.gr/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/islam-analysis-2010.pdf 30

To Ethnos Newspaper 13000 Muslims Pray in Athens, 16/11/2010 http://www.ethnos.gr/article.asp?catid=11424&subid=2&pubid=41838991 31 Antoniadou, Maria. The Map of Islam in Greece (Greek), To Vima 14/2/2010, http://www.tovima.gr/relatedarticles/article/?aid=315192 32 It is interesting to note that Greece never had a specific National Security Strategy . 33 Fourlis, Antonis, Mosque in Athens on the Eve of the Election?, MAG, 8/11/2010, Http://equalsociety.com/en/2010/11/mosque-in-athens-at-the-on-the-eve-of-the-elections/


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( ed b lef i a ie and ne al ) aid he al n mbe f M lim in G eece (e ce

h e in Th ace) can be a m ch a 1,000,000 e le 34 . I i h nde andable ha he

e i ence and c n an c ea i n f ne , illegal lace f hi ill nl c n in e. Man ha e

called hi hen men n he I lamic T jan H e hich G eece m n deal i h. I ha been a

imele cha ac e i ic f he G eek S a e deal i h a blem nl hen i bec me imminen

and, all , i e e ible. A man die indica e, G eece lacked a l ng e m lan deal i h

illegal immig a i n (b h in c n lling he infl and am lif ing he i a i n i hin G eece) 35 .

Acc ding me e he e a e a lea 100 illegal m e e a ing nl in he A hen

me li an a ea 36 hile he e l e he n mbe 70 (in ide A hen ) and a nd 65 in

he e f he c n 37 . I i e diffic l iden if and de igna e he backg nd f h e

m e ( he he he a e S nni Shii e ela ed), h e e acc ding he e iden f MAG,

Naim El Gand , he e a e n me Wahhabi h ha e c me G eece d ing he la e ea

and ec i ng immig an f m i hin he e illegal m e and cen e . M El Gand aid

ecificall ha e a e ing i la e hem...b i ill l ima el be he g e nmen mi i n

h ld he i a i n ge f hand 38 . H e e , i a M El Gand h ha e ea edl i i ed

ne f he illegal m e cl e A iki S a e, in he e cen e f A hen hich ha n

bec me a h b f M lim immig an and he cen al in f n me a ack again ci i en ,

all f e hef , hile la ea he ide , cen al, neighb h d f Agi Pan eleim na

became he hea e f n me inciden in l ing e emi igh ing gani a i n and

e again illegal immig a i n. The immig an affilia ed i h he illegal m e a e mainl

f Afghan, K di h, I a i, Banglade hi and Paki ani igin hile al me Pale inian

c mm ni ie ha e been e a ing hei n cen e .

The nl fficial lace f hi , he A ab Hellenic Cen e f C l e and Ci ili a i n inM cha a ea (f nded b he Sa di El Fa a) hich ened back in 2007 i belie ed be S nni

d mina ed al h gh he h and f hi e i i ing he cen e (1000 e le e e e en in

i ening i h he Eg ian Imam Oma Abde Kafi c nd c ing he fi e e ) d c me f m all

fac i n f I lam, incl ding n n A ab immig an . C n a he financing f he lanned maj

34 Antoniadou, Maria, To vima http://www.tovima.gr/relatedarticles/article/?aid=315192 35 Nomikos M, John Illegal Immigration and Organised Crime in Greece, RIEAS Research Paper No 144, August 2010 36 Strategy Report, Rapid Islamisation in Greece (Greek), 15/11/2010, http://www.strategyreport.gr/?p=5112#more-5112 37 Epikera (online) Athenians Demand a Mosque Beyond the Walls (Greek) 2/12/2010,http://www.epikaira.gr/epikairo.php?id=5045&category_id=0 38 Strategy Report (as above) http://www.strategyreport.gr/?p=5112 #more-5112


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m e, financing f he cen e ch a he M cha ne all c me f m niden ified

ce and, e en h e hich a e kn n i i n clea he he he e ac al ne in c

and i h he f hi d ce .

S me n able m e and cen e he han h e efe ed in hi d ea lie he ne

affilia ed i h he M lim c mm ni in n he n G eece (Th ace and he ci f Sal nika) n a e

in cen al A hen (nea K lia a e), he in Kali hea

b b, n fa f m he cen e i h a ea f n nea Pi ae , he again

cl e he cen e in Ne K m a ea ( i h link MAG), he in

cen al Ka Pa i ia a ea, in A hen , in Pang a i a ea, he

, a cia ed i h .i lamf g eek . g

eb i e, in A hen and Chania n in C e e, he al in Chania,

he in A hen , he in Chania, C e e, he in P i i

cen al a ea f A hen , he in Pi ae , ne f he lde cen e ( he fi in

Pi ea and ec nd lde in A hen e abli hed in 1981), he in K eli cen al

neighb h d f A hen , he in A hen , he m e in Om nia cen al

a e f A hen , he m e ( fficial?) f He akli n in C e e, he m e in Pe i e i b b f

A hen , he al in He akli n ( nkn n if a cia ed i h MAG), he

n he i land f Rh de , he in cen al A hen , he

cen e in A hen hile me he cen e and m e can be f nd in A hen , Pi ae and

Sal nika ch a he , fi A abic and I lamic c mm ni in

Sal nika hich al e a ed an A abic lang age ch l. 39 Finall Sa di A abia and K ai ha e in

he a decla ed he ld finance he c n c i n f m e and cen e in G eece.

A) S f L cal C mm ni ie f m Ab ad

M f he cen e and m e de c ibed in he e i ec i n a e financed b a i

ce indi id al , ch a he Sa di b ine man h deci i el ed he c ea i n f

he maj I lamic cen e a M cha a ea. While i i ce ain m ne f m ab ad d

a i (n n fficial) cen e he e ha n been fa ecific cal f m ce ain

39 See Islamic Finder info on the Palestine Community of Thessaloniki: http://www.islamicfinder.org/getitWorld.php?id=38170&lang=


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c n ie . Imam f m Eg ha e been c ming G eece eadil in la e ea c nd c

eligi ce em nie and a e ( ch a he ma i e a e f N embe 2010 de c ibed in he

e i ec i n). Na i nali ic eligi h e e i ng b egi nal c n ie :

T ke and Albania. T ke f he M lim min i in Th ace 40 ha been a ma e f

di l ma ic di e f decade ( me li ical a ie , all igh ing claim he T ki h

c n la e f K m ini i in fac king a a i e cen e f he l cal c mm ni ie ing

b T kic na i nali m and b e en l I lam) 41. La el , T ke ha been ing he

c ea i n f a maj m e in A hen and ha a ed hi a a h man igh i e i a i he

G eek claim f he e ening f he Chalki Sch l in T ke hich cea ed e a e in he

1950 and i ha bec me and in e na i nal i e a he UN i hing f i ec i n and e

ening, a a ch l a m e m. An he i e f c nce n, a lea ince he ea l 1990 , i he

fac ha T ke ha c n an l been el c an hibi ing illegal immig an m ggling

( ed minan l M lim f m h, cen al A ia and he Middle Ea ). The e a e main

ga e : he n he n b de be een G eece and T ke al ng E i e in Th ace ( ee

f ll ing ec i n n he c n c i n f he fence and F n e ac i i ie ) and he main i land in

he Aegean Sea al ng he G eek T ki h ea b de . De i e a i a i n j in he EU, Anka a ha

c n an l been idle in ac ing deci i el and m l a e he m ggle f immig an (a

ell a d g and ea n ) and limi hei infl G eece. Thi i e ha nl la el bec me an

elemen f di e and di c i n be een B el , G eece and T ke .

While all T ki h in l emen ha ima il e l ed a nd he M lim c mm ni in

Th ace, he Albanian in l emen i m e m l idimen i nal and e a e in a m e clande ine

a . De i e he fac ha i i n a el eligi (I lamic) i d e ha e an I lamic

a ame e a Ch i ian Albanian (b h he h d ne h migh ha e e hnic G eek igin and

he ca h lic ne , me ime i h link I al ) a e n in l ed in e hnical claim ha eeligi ela ed demand . The e ha e n been an maj inciden f eligi i lence

e i ac b Albanian in G eece, h e e , he e i an e l ing i a i n ince he beginning

f 2000 ela ed he n h e e n G eek egi n f E i i h Albanian claim n G eek

e i . Al ng i h he K a e i f UCK an he gani a i n, he UCC [T am ia

(Cham ia) Libe a i n A m ], ha had e i ial claim n he n h e e n (S h) E i

egi n an a ea f maj Albanian la i n n il WWII. Thi e i gani a i n ha in fac

41 See Defencenet, News, 26/11/2010http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=15753&Itemid=86


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claimed ne hi f land and h e and ha fficiall e e ed he a i ance f a la ge UK

ba ed la fi m eciali ing in in e na i nal la claim back he l e ie ha e e

a ed he G eek af e WWII 42 . The g , like UCK, i a na i nali eligi (I lamic) ne

hich can ca e e i blem ince, acc ding he Na i nal In elligence Se ice (EYP), he e

i inf ma i n f e e al l ca i n h gh e e n and n h e e n G eece i h hidden

ea n incl ding i l , ifle , hand g enade and chine e AK 47 . One ch c a f nd

, acciden all , in a f e f E i a nd 2011 Ne Yea E e 43 . The e iden f he PDIU

a , Sh e im Id i i ecen l a ed in Lajm ne a e ha a g f e le in Albania ha e

hi ed a B i i h la fi m l k in claim f e hnic clean ing and e ec i n b he G eek

d ing and af e WWII and al ab he igh f he Albanian la i n ( he Cham ian ) in

he a ea and he financial liabili f G eece a d he e la i n 44. In he ame in e ie

M . Id i i c n in e b a ing ha hi i he Albanian cen and af e K i i he n f

Albanian in FYROM, P e e (Se bian ince) and Cham ia. An he an i f ea n

a f nd in he NE Acha ne a ea f A hen 45 . Th ee Albanian e e a e ed and b gh bef e

j ice. The ea n e e f ifle , ne he machine g n, AK 47 , 25 g enade , ne

m ke b mb and 297 b lle . The h ee Albanian ca gh b lice e 18, 20 and 36 ea ld

e ec i el . I i n ce ain ha he e h ee indi id al a e linked UCC b he e a e e idence

he ea n e e ela ed he ne f nd in he c f he f e in E i egi n. An he

ecen inciden hich cc ed n 29 N embe 2010 in l ed a 46 ea ld T ki h na i nal,

Ta ki ad Mahm d, h a f nd i h hi n en e in a i a e ca ca ing ne AK 47 and

amm ni i n in Th ace. Ta ki ad Mahm d had been c n ic ed in he a f e e al c ime

incl ding h micide, ea n e i n, hef , i n b eak, e i n f mili a ea n and

he 46 , all c mmi ed in e e al G eek egi n . The e e a e ed b he G eek a h i ie b

he e i n e idence he ill be de ed T ke .

Rega ding I lamic e i m in he h le SE E ean egi n, I aeli F eign Mini e A igd

Liebe man a ned he PM f FYROM d ing hi ecen i i I ael in Ma ch 2010 ha he e i a

e e i dange f I lamic e i e a ing he e i h e cl ding he ibili f an

a ack. The B i i h E l Chai man R b Wain igh d ing a mee ing i h he e i G eek

42 Defencenet, Declaration of Freedom Struggle by UCC (Greek), 3/3/2011,http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17981&Itemid=86 43 Ibid.44 Ibid.45 Defencenet, Big quantity of Weapons in Albanian Hands, 20/12/2010,http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16297&Itemid=8646 Defencenet Ethnic Turk Arrested with Weaponry, 30/1/2010,http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=15820&Itemid=86


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20

P blic O de Mini e M. Ch i ch idi al c nfi med he e a ning . Acc ding he ame

anal i , he G eek P lice An i Te Uni and he Na i nal In elligence Se ice e ima e ha 25

30 G eek na i nal linked d me ic e i gani a i n a elled in 2009 and 2010 he

Middle Ea ecei e aining n ac ice and ea n e a i n babl , he a icle a e , b

He b llah e a i e 47 .

B) F n e O e a i n and he I e f he Fence in Th ace

While G eek a h i ie ha e been c e a ing i h E l and he E ean agencie

h gh he a decade ega ding he i e f immig an (and T ke ance i a i hi

blem), b de c n l ha been deal b he G eek a m and ecific lice ni hich,

h e e , h ld n be aken a he e i alen f b de ni e a ing in E e he US.

F m 2006 a mall F n e ni ha been hel ing he ill e i ed Hellenic C a G a d 48 al ng he

G eek T ki h ea b de line i h h e e deci i el dec ea ing he n mbe f m ggled

immig an f m T ke and A ia. The ab ence f a nd and lid an E ean an i

immig a i n lic (and b e en l f a G eek an i immig a i n lic ) ha c n ib ed

nega i el he c en i a i n hich ld be fai a ha g ne la gel nc n lled d ing

he a en ea . I i e ima ed ha 90% f all illegal immig an E e c ming f m

he Ea a e a ing h gh G eece 49 . In 2010, f e an he ea he e a a ead inc ea e f

inc ming immig an , mainl f m cen al and h A ia. Acc ding fficial ce me

47,000 e le came in he c n nl f m he E (Th ace) b de and me 6,000 f m he

ea b de i h T ke in he Aegean ea. Of he e he a maj i emained he ne f Afghan

igin ( c ming f m Afghani an) n mbe ing me 28300 e le, hile Pale inian e e

ec nd i h a ima el 8800 e le. Alge ia f ll ed i h me 7500 e le, S malia 6500,

I a 5000 and Banglade h i h a bi m e han 3200 e le50

.

Thi e all a id inc ea e in c mbina i n i h ecen i lence and inciden ch a he ne

in l ing Afghan and Paki ani immig an h had been in G eece f e e al ea and h k

e me b ilding f a fe m n h in ea l 2011 in A hen (fi he La Sch l f A hen

47 Strategy Report The Foreign Connections of Greek Terrorism, (Greek) 22/3/2010 http://www.strategyreport.gr/?p=826 48 Defencenet, Frontex Becomes Permanent (Greek),10/2/2011 http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17462&Itemid=86 49 ELLAS blog, Massive influx of Immigrants in view of Frontex Operatins, (Greek) 1/11/2010 Based on Ethnos Daily. See:http://ellas2.wordpress.com/2010/11/01/ - - - -- /50 See newscode.gr 2010 sees more illegal immigrants to Greece (Greek) 2/2/2011 http://www.newscode.gr/ellada/story/ayxhthhke-o-arithmos-paranomwn-metanastwn-sthn-ellada-to-2010


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Uni e i and hen he hi ic Ne cla ical illa H a ia in cen al A hen c ea ing maj

c n e and c i i i hin he g e nmen and cie ) ned man ci i en in fa f he

g e nmen lan b ild a high fence a he G eek T ki h b de line al ng E i e in

Th ace he e he b de d n g al ng he i e . Acc ding ini n ll c nd c ed b

he (maj ) c m anie Alc and P blic I e f he dailie P Thema and Ka hime ini

e ec i el , G eek ci i en clea l elc me he lan. The fi ll indica ed ha 73% f he

e le e lied i i el a he i i el in b ilding he fence and acc ding P blic I e

ll 59% f he e le e e gene all in fa . The P blic I e ll al h ed ha m e han

half f he e nde (56%) admi ed ha he fence ill dec ea e he n mbe f immig an

infl 51 . The fence, c en l nde c n c i n and in c mbina i n i h he F n e f ce n

e manen l in G eece ( ee bel ) ill be nning f a ima el 8 mile (12.5 13 Km) al ng

he G eek T ki h land b de .

The F n e f ce, a men i ned ab e, fi came a i he C a G a d in 2006, h e e , a

deci i e ed c i n f immig an a n e iden al h gh a n mbe f m ggle (mainl T ki h

a ell a G eek) e e a e ed. In N embe 2010 a f ce f 200 ecial F n e g a d e e

a i ned al ng he b de in Th ace and ince hen he e al infl f immig an ha been

deci i el ed ced ( n a m n hl ba i ) b 30% 52 (Decembe a ). La el ha bec me kn n ha

F n e ill be n e manen l a i ned in G eece 53 i h i h me ffice ening in Pi ae

ci ( he ci cl e A hen ) me hing ha blic ini n a ell a fficial ha e gene all

elc med. I i h n icing ha b h F n e f ce a ell a he fence a e al de igned and

aimed a ha dening he m ggling f d g and ea n , gene all belie ed be he main

financing ce f e i m b h d me ic (e eme Lef ) a ell a I lamic n nl in G eece

b h gh he E ean Uni n.

51 Defencenet.gr, Greek Support the construction of the Fence (Greek), 16/1/2011http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16862&Itemid=86 52 Koutsouba, Marina A Decrease of Immigrants due to Frontex, (Greek), 25/11/2010, http://www.cosmo.gr/News/Hellas/298804.html53 Defencenet.gr Frontex Becomes Permanent, (Greek) 10/2/2011http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17462&Itemid=86


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The ma ab e h he e he fence ill be b ild ( ell line) hile he bl e line i he E

i e be een G eece and T ke hich c n i e m f he b de (G gle ma ).

Al h gh n e ified I lami e i a ack ha e e cc ed in G eece, he la e ea ha e

een an inc ea ed, mainl backg nd ac i i . Thi ac i i ha fa been n l gi ical,

ec i men and acc mm da ing ba i a man e e in G eece and ab ad ag ee he c en

i a i n ega ding immig a i n c mbined i h he e i ence f he illegal immig an ha c ea eda h b f nc n llable, l e , indi id al h ac and e a e f eel making he an ing f

e le f m A ia and he Middle Ea h gh G eece ea ie hile al l king ec i I lamic

adical f e a i n be nd he G eek b de . The la ec i n f hi a e ill be l king a

ecific inciden i h ible di ec indi ec link I lamic e i m, a a h ea G eece

i elf and b e en l E e, a m f he illegal immig an g ing E e (a . 90% a e

a ea lie n) c me h gh G eek e i .

The innacle f effec i e ec i mea e in G eece a he e i d leading he A hen

Ol m ic Game in 2004. S em ch a C4I and ecial eillance incl ding mall ai hi i h

elec mm nica i n m ni ing ca abili ie e e fl a ing e he g ea e me li an a ea f

A hen , n i h claim ega ding e nal da a ec i b e e al g and m l lef

ing li ical a ie . Ale le el e e high and he e a cl e c e a i n be een he Hellenic

in elligence and an i e i ni i h E ean and US agencie . D e c n i i nal c nce n

h e e and nde he e e f m man cial g and NGO and al i h he fea f

li ical c he c n e a i e g e nmen ( hich a elec ed in Ma ch 2004, e e al m n h


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bef e he game beg n) cea ed he e a i n f man f he e em incl ding eillance

came a n he main a e ie f A hen a ell a he C4I em hich la e became a f he

Siemen candal hich ill c n i e a g ea deba e i hin he G eek li ical e abli hmen .

F he e f in e agenc c e a i n ega ding he game and he e i d f ll ing 2004

G eek and f eign a h i ie had nde eillance and m ni ing e e al indi id al and

gani a i n a he had al in en ified hei eff di man le an emaining link e eme

lef i gani a i n .

H e e , a ea en b hi cl e c e a i n be een G eek and f eign agencie a

g ad all am lified al h gh ce ain link e i ed ima il i h ega d he e eme gence f

me lef i e i g ( ch a he Re l i na S ggle and he N cle f Fi e) b al

ega ding he eme ging i a i n i h I lami h e e c ming a ing h gh G eek

e i .

S a ing f m 2003 he m minen inciden inf ma i n ega ding di ec indi ec

I lamic ac i i in G eece a e:

An a h i a i e a icle 54 e ed ha a ea l a 2003, e en bef e he gani a i n f he

A hen 2004 Ol m ic Game , a M lim a cia i n i h he name El Rahman a cia ed (a

lea a ha ime) i h i lamf g eek . g eb i e a e hich da n mbe

a ima el 1500 membe , m l G eek c n e I lam. The f nde and P e iden f he

a cia i n i M hi Eldin Ahmed Ali al ng i h hi n Ahmed Eldin h had died I lamic

The l g in Cai a ell a j nali m in a i a e c llege. The gani a i n, acc ding he

a icle, ac i e ince 2003 ha been m ing adical Da a and e a e mainl h gh he ne .

O he e le ela ed hi gani a i n incl de G eek c n e h in 2011 j ined AhmedEldin. Th e a e Ab Ja and Ham a h f ll Salafi Wahhabi m al ng i h an he G eek

c n e Ab Alia h acc ding Radi F ee E e ha al been ac i e in he Balkan

ibl linked i h an gani a i n named P i Raj (In i a i n Hea en) la nched in B nia

in 2010.

In 2005 n 13 Se embe G eek a h i ie a e ed a M lim e i f m Ma cc , An a

Ma a h a an ed b he F ench and M ccan a h i ie f in l emen in an

54 Banoutsos, Andreas Radical Dawah online in Greece, 27/2/2011, http://rimse.gr/?p=212


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e emi m lim gani a i n allegedl affilia ed i h Al Qaeda, ac i e in N h Af ica.

Acc ding F ench in elligence he a ini iall ac i e in F ance, he e he a ec i ing

e a i e in de e a ne k. He hen lef F ance and e en e ed he EU h gh

T ke ( i h a fake F ench a ) b b he e, af e a ignal f m he F ench in elligence,

a a e ed b he G eek a h i ie 55 .

F ll ing he a e f Ma a , E l e e ed b he G eek a h i ie in en if hei

eff l ca e m e e emi h c ld ibl e G eece a a afe ha en en ance

in he EU. Acc ding ce Imam e e nde m ni ing f ec i ing e le

a me f he illegal m e and cen e de c ibed ea lie n. The e ha e al been a e f

Helleni ed A ab in B i ain, I al and H lland. Finall , acc ding he ame ce in 2007 an

im an ignal f m BIA, he Se bian In elligence Agenc , indica ed he ible e a i n f

Salafi ela ed e emi g in G eece, m f hem c ming f m B nia, Albania and

K he e he e e ac i e d ing he a f ea l mid 1990 and 1999 NATO

b mba dmen again Se bia in c mbina i n i h UCK ac i i ie again he Se bian f ce 56 .

A m e min inciden f M lim i lence e ed in 2009 af e he a ni a ack b e eme

igh ing g again an illegal (l e g nd) m e/cen e in cen al A hen n 23 f

Ma 57 . Ab 700 e le a ici a ed in ang dem n a i n cla hing i h he lice. While

he e iden f MAG, El Ghand hea il c i ici ed h e cla he a ell a he a ni a ack

( ibl b G lden Da n Ch i A gi affilia ed membe ), he in i ed ha he e hen mena

e e a e l f he ab ence f a maj M e in he G eek ca i al.

The ea 2010 and ea l 2011 ha e een he m ac i i ega ding I lami ela ed inciden and

inf ma i n c ming f he G eek media and ha fac ha he G eek a h i ie n he

highe ale ince he e i d f he 2004 Ol m ic Game d e c n an inf ma i n fl f m,

ima il , e e n agencie and a h i ie ega ding inc ea ed ac i i f I lamic e emi .

In m e de ail:

The inciden f he 14 a cel b mb en f m G eece in la e Oc be /ea l N embe 2010

he ffice f Nic la Sa k in F ance, Angela Me kel in Ge man and Sil i Be l c ni in I al a

ell a e e al emba ie i hin G eece ( ch a he emba ie f he Ne he land , Belgi m,

55

Actionnemesis Serbian Intelligence Warns Greek Authorities on Islamic Terrorism in Greece (Greek), 30/1/2007http://www.actionnemesis.com/v2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1217&Itemid=53 From the newspaper Ta Nea 56 Ibid. 57 Kalafatis, Alexandros Greece Fears Immigrant Unrest, Presseurop.eu, 29/5/2009, http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/article/11841-greece-fears-immigrant-unrest


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Me ic and S i e land) and agencie ab ad ch a In e l, he E ean C f J ice

and he in i i n ha been denied an link I lami e i m b he G eek g e nmen

and a h i ie 58 . The g e nmen ke man Pe al i aid ha ( )

,

( e f m he ame a icle). F eign leade h had he b mb

en hem, ch a Ge man Chancell Angela Me kel al denied in l emen f

in e na i nal I lamic e i m and di c nnec ed he i e i h imila inciden like he a cel

b mb en he US f m Yemen, a he a e f he a cel b mb a a ib ed G eek

lef i and ana chi e emi g .

The m im an inciden da e in l ing I lamic e i ac i i in G eece a he a e

f Ghaleb Taleb b he G eek lice af e an im an a icle b he I alian dail C ie e Della

Se a in ea l 2011 59 . Ghaleb Taleb, he b , a Lebane e Pale inian membe f Fa ah al

I lam a a e ed in he n he n b b f Pendeli in ea l Feb a 2011 ( ibl n

Feb a 12). The lice ac ed if l af e he blica i n f he I alian dail , h e e a lice

ce a Taleb a nde eillance f e e al m n h a he had a lied ice, a he fi

a lica i n a ejec ed, i hin 2010 f a e manen e idence e mi and he an i e ni

f HELAS (Hellenic P lice) a ell a EYP (In elligence Se ice) had inf ma i n f m f eign

agencie ega ding hi ac i i ie . Acc ding ce 60 , Taleb had n ac ed fa in e m f

c nd c ing an a ack, h e e , he a en G eece in de finance, e i and

acc m da e he e a i e and a ing G eece a a ba e ide fake ID and

inf ma i n e e al indi id al ( me f hem en e ing G eece a illegal immig an ) h

e e hen en e e n and n he n E ean c n ie . While fficiall HELAS ha been

el c an ide m e inf ma i n i ha bec me kn n ha Taleb he f eigne , ha a e ed al ng i h an he indi id al ab h m he e i n m ch inf ma i n ( ibl

G eek), had c me e lace an ea lie e a i e f Fa ah al I lam in G eece, M hammed M a,

h lef af e he a de ained f a h e i d in 2009 a he i a i n a deemed

dange b hi e i . Taleb a in cha ge f a g f indi id al di e ed

h gh n he n E e a ell a F ance and B lga ia. S me f hem incl ding he

58 Athens News Government: Parcel bombs not linked to international terror, 3/11/2010, http://www.athensnews.gr/portal/1/32997 59 ekathimerini.com Suspected Lebanese terrorist caught in Athens,14/2/2011,http://www.ekathimerini.com/4dcgi/_w_articles_wsite1_1_14/02/2011_378128 60ekathimerini.com Police Detain Palestinian Terror Suspect, 14/2/2011http://www.ekathimerini.com/4dcgi/_w_articles_wsite1_1_14/02/2011_378320


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Lebane e indi id al had ied in 2006 lace a b mb in a ain in Ge man 61 . A he e a n

fficien e idence b he G eek lice i h ega d hi e i ela ed ac i i ie , Taleb a

fficiall cha ged i h illegal e idenc and e i n f fal e d c men . Inf ma i n i n e

clea n he he Taleb and Fa ah al I lam e e ac all laning a hi i hin G eece b , aken

he ela ed a e f G eek cie in gene al and he ab ence f e i I lamic e i

ac i i ie in he a , e e a ha he gani a i n f nd a afe ha en in he c n f

f he ac i i ie in E e.

The ab e inciden i linked a ide i a i n in l ing he ec nde eillance

d ing he la ea b b h HELAS an i e ni and EYP. I ha bec me kn n 62 ha d ing

he a decade G eek a h i ie had nde eillance me 40 indi id al ab h m he e

e e a m i n b hei h me a h i ie ha e e meh linked Al Qaeda affilia ed

cell . Finall , acc ding he ame ce he e a e a nd 500 indi id al nde ela ed

m ni ing b he a h i ie in G eece f ici ac i i ie i h h e e e idence he

a e affilia ed, in ne a he he , i h I lamic e i m.

Finall , a m e l ng e m i e i h ible na i nal ec i c nce n i he inc ea ed

admini a i e e he M lim min i i ge ing in n he n G eece. Af e he maj

e ha ing f G eece admini a i e di i i n b he ling PASOK g e nmen i h he

in d c i n f elec ed g e n ( he Kalik a i P g amme hich became d ing he a ea

he ic f man deba e leading l cal and egi nal elec i n f A mn 2010), he egi n

e i he ia f Ea e n Maced nia and Th ace ha bec me he ne i h he la ge (af e

G ea e A hen and Pi ae egi n) M lim min i ima il d e he e i ence he e f he

adi i nal M lim c mm ni a e lained in he fi ec i n f hi d . The egi nal

elec i n e e n ( i h a clea maj i af e he ec nd nd) b he g e nmen

ed alliance called Ken niki S machia ( S cial C mm ni Alliance) led b he n

egi nal g e n A i Giannakidi . M . Giannakidi alliance n he elec i n la gel edb he l cal M lim min i f Th ace. Re e en a i e f he elf de c ibed T ki h min i in

an a icle bli hed in he T ki h eaking dail Bi lik n demand ha me f i membe

a e in ecific i i n in he egi nal g e nmen and in a ic la fill in he i i n f

he egi nal admini a i n ke man 63 . The in e e ing a ell a ing a f he

61 GR Rporter, Greek Police Arrested a Pakestinian Suspected of Contacts with Terrorist Organisation, 14/2/2011,http://www.grreporter.info/en/greek_police_arrested_palestinian_suspected_contacts_terrorist_organization/4073 62 Karaivas, Giorgos 40 Suspected Al Qaeda Individuals in Greece (Greek), Newsit, 13/2/2011Http://www.newsit.gr//default.php?pname=Article&art_id=64565&catid=4 63 Defencenet, Extremists of the Minority Demand share of power in East Macedonia and Thrace (Greek) 22/11/2010,http://www.defencenet.gr/defence/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=15645&Itemid=86


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i ha hi a ic la g i ed b he T ki h c n la e f K m ini and elf de c ibe

i elf n nl a a eligi b a an e hnic min i a ell, mi ing he he ic f he

T ki h c n la e he e and he T ki h g e nmen e all d ing he a decade . The

ne a e ecificall a e in i a icle e i h M . Giannakidi a g d e m in ffice and

e h e ha he clea l di la hi ance and l gic ega ding he T ki h min i f he

egi n 64 .

The i a clea dange ha in de ain hi maj i and ec e f e elec i n M .

Giannakidi and hi alliance ma gi e in he e e f he e emi (i.e. clea l T ki h)

elemen f he c mm ni hence c ea ing a c m le el legal and i hin he a e f ame k

f a f iendl , a d he M lim and ible I lami , admini a i n hich can ibl , in

d e c e, ide afe ha en f a i indi id al and gani ed g f nkn n igin

in en i n a d G eece.

Thi d ha h fa h n hi i a i al ime f G eece and he egi n a la ge. Recen , ill

nf lding de el men in he MENA egi n c n i e a e i challenge f he G eek a ell a

he egi nal g e nmen hich m n add e he blem f immig a i n and

b e en l he eme gence, e abli hmen and b ild f e emi I lamic elemen and

e i cell i hin E ean c n ie . A e ha e een, gi en he end f immig a i n and

he c en i a i n in he c n , G eece ha c me a a e ha m n face a blem

ha ha g ne la gel nn iced d ing he c e f (a lea ) he a decade . Old n m

and belief f b h he G eek li ical e abli hmen a ell a he e le and cie a la ge

need be ee amined and ee al a ed and ne , b ld and l ng e m a egie m be inlace bef e he blem e and dee e in he f en c n e a i e e a idl changing G eek

cie . Thi d ha indica ed ha , gi en he backg nd and he hi ic a ell a

ge g a hical i i n f G eece, i ill ake a e balanced and delica e handling b he S a e

e c me c en blem and be e a ed f he f e. Thi handling ill ha e incl de he

cie a la ge incl ding he al ead e i ing and adi i nal M lim c mm ni ie hich, ha ing a

cl e c l al imi he I lamic elemen can c n ib e in c n lling and im ing he

64 See link to Newspaper: Gitsin, Sala PASOK Ve Yannakidis Turk Azinlik Kurtardi, 14/11/2010,http://www.birlikgazetesi.info/?pid=21&id_aktualno=42


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i a i n, bec me a f he l i n and n he blem. F e am le, ha ing an i I lamic

eaching a ning a ch l cann ffe m ch a m f he ng M lim h li e in

he c n a end hei n ed ca i nal e abli hmen .

Al h gh, a hi d ha in ed , he e ha been me inc ea ed ac i i and a n mbe f

a ning ign f he e i ence and gani a i n f adical I lamic elemen in he c n , G eece

ha fa been e cl ded a a a ge b Al Qaeda he e i gani a i n . A ecen e a b

Tech Cen al S a i n 65 ha ala med man anal a ell a he G eek MFA and he In elligence

Se ice. Thi e a , kn n US deci i n make ch a D nald R m feld a ea l a 2005 ( ha i

bef e i c m le i n) indica ed ha indeed Al Qaeda and imila gani a i n a e ing G eece

a a ba e f f he ac i i ie in E e and ha he indeed ake ad an age f he en f

h and f illegal immig an h n il la ea faced li le e i ance b acle b

a h i ie a he la e e e im l nable deci i el eac . The a e al e e he fac

ha he n me illegal m e and cen e ha e bec me h b f Wahhabi m and Salafi

elemen . The n e manen F n e eam in G eece and he b ilding f he fence in Th ace

ha e been me i h a gene al c n en f he G eek blic and fa ha e me ha im ed

he i a i n, a lea a fa a ha a ic la en in i c nce ned. The ge g a hic imi

f G eece he A ab ld and A ia, he el c ance f T ke eac (if n he n fficial

acc mm da i n f he infil a ) and he ng ing c nflic in MENA, Cen al and S h A ian

egi n a e blem and fac ha cann and ill n change ingle handedl n ill he end

in he f e eeable f e. I i a fac ha de i e all he ab e G eece ha n fa been a a ge

f Al Qaeda imila g . The ea n f hi ha n been he e a edne f he G eek

S a e b a he a n mbe f he fac ; G eece ha n a ici a ed ac i el in he a f I a

and Afghani an, al h gh in he la e ca e he e a e me ni f ing and medical

e . G eek c l e and G eek in gene al (a a na i n and e le) ha e a i i e e a i nin he A ab land f m Cen al and S h A ia Ma cc e en dee in b Saha an Af ica. Hence,

a e e like Pan K ak f he Jame n F nda i n a g e a ike again G eece lack

he mb li m Al Qaeda need a c l al ie and he i age g a fa back a Ale ande he G ea

and Al Qaeda e hi ic and c l al elemen j if and link i ac i i ie i h i he ic

and g al 66 . H e e , hi d e n an m e imm ne G eece a de el men in he ide

egi n a e a id and he c n ffe a fe ile g nd, a f ba e f backg nd, i e

65 Strategy Report Danger for Islamic Terrorism due to high immigration influx, (Greek), 12/11/2010, http://www.strategyreport.gr/?p=5029 66 Kostakos A. Panos (2007) The Threat of Islamic Radicalism to Greece, Terrorism Monitor Vol. 8, Issue 37


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ac i i ie b e e al g affilia ed i h Al Qaeda e eme I lamic ide l g in gene al. The

ge g a hic imi f G eece MENA egi n and A ia, he f (e en n n e i an n il

ecen l ) an i immig a i n lic and he blic en imen in c ela i n i h he li ical c (a

fe , if an li ician and li ical a ie e en ec gni e hi ecific blem) ha e ided a

f ile g nd f making G eece a f ba e a e a in he ca e f Ghaleb Taleb and he

e i ence f e e al illegal m e and cen e . E en he ab ence f a cen al m e in A hen

and he dela f i c n c i n ha e had nega i e effec in ha e ec . Recen dem n a i n

and blic a e ha e h n ha he icking b mb f fana ici m and i len eac i n can g

ff a an ime and i h an ca e.

C en and f e h ea ha can ell he blem and in fac bl i f i n

incl de he illegal immig a i n and he eak c n l f b de , e eciall ea e n and he n

ea b de , he ng ing e l i n and ne a e f immig an f m MENA egi n, he

Maced nian name di e i h FYROM in c nj nc i n i h e emi Albanian claim (b g

ch a UCC a ell a he ed minan l M lim Albanian li ing in FYROM) n G eek e i ,

he adicali a i n f e hnic T ki h M lim f N he n G eece (al h gh he h ea f ha i

e emel l a lea a he i a i n c en l and ) and he e a i n f he eme ging G eek

C i I aeli ela i n and c e a i n e eciall i h ega d il and na al ga e ac i n

f m he Aegean Sea and Ea e n Medi e anean. Beginning f m he la e , ha G eece h ld

n d i hin he e al f ame k f egi nal ec i i ma e iali e hi ila e al

a chemen i hin he ge li ical hea e f Ea e n Medi e anean. Wi h c ea ing

enmi ie i h he A ab ld a la ge, me hing ha ill ha e a a he nega i e effec f all

a ie in l ed, G eece h ld bec me a f a i i e a i f he illing ha ill k a a

li ical, di l ma ic and ec i embankmen again I lamic e i ac i i in G eece and

b e en l We e n E e. Wi hin he f ame k f an h ne and agma ic dial g ebe een G eece, I ael and C he e ec i e g e nmen h ld e he m de a e and

ec la egi nal a e f he ide egi n f a i i e c e a i n. Tha incl de he egime

ha a e c en l eme ging in N h Af ica and he a e he e de el men ha e been a id

d ing he la m n h . T ke le in hi can al be c cial. A e i m and e emi I lam

ha e n ac i ed a an na i nal cha ac e , he c n ib i n and c e a i n f e ec i e

agencie and g e nmen i deemed a nece a a , e en hen efe ing G eece, he e al

blem cann be deal ingle handedl and g e be nd he b nda ie f a ingle a e.

Wi h Anka a f in ance illing c n ib e in de a hal he e e inc ea ing


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h de f a i M lim na i nali ie an ing i e i end in G eece and We e n

E e, he blem f illegal immig a i n f en iall adical cha ac e can ne e cea e e i .

The G eek g e nmen h ld n e i c l al a eal and di l ma icall c e a e i h he

e ec i e c n ie ( ch a Paki an, G lf S a e , Banglade h, Leban n, Eg ) he e m f

he immig an (e eciall f adical I lam) igina e f m in de cla if he i a i n and

bila e all ake he nece a mea e ing hem in a gene al f ame k f c e a i n

and making hem a f he l i n a he han he blem. The im ance and le f T ke

cann be lef a ide e eciall if Anka a an ha e a i i e le and e i E ean

f e. G eece h ld di ec l link hi i e i h he neighb ing c n a i a i n n nl

f an EU membe hi (a di an ec a he i a i n c en l and i h he AKP

g e nmen in e ) b f a ide i i e le a a abili ing fac a he han he i e.

In e na i nal c e a i n a ide, he g ea e and b lde e m be aken i hin G eece and

b he G eek g e nmen i h he g ea e ible f he cie gi en he c en l

e f agile ela i n be een he l and he S a e in ie f he ha h ec n mic mea e

and he ec n mic i a i n. B ilding fence eng hening b de c n l can be b ne f he

l i n and ce ainl i nei he ackle he blem f he al ead e i ing c mm ni ie in

G eece n he i e f adicali a i n. Whe ea he infl f ef gee immig an i an

in e na i nal and egi nal i e he am lifica i n f adical I lami en imen and beha i

i hin he c n can nl be deal i h l ng e m and a allel licie in he li ical, ec i a

ell a cial and ec n mic he e and ed ca i n. A man e e a g e and a e i

licie ha e indica ed 67 he fi e he G eek g e nmen can ake nce ha c ea ed fai

c n l f i b de and ha inc ea ed e and effec i e ec i mea e , i g ad all

incl de h e h b ain a e and legall e ide in G eece in he c n f ee ma ke

c e. In he d , ca i ali m and he libe al ec n m can be a fi e a dam lif ing and e en all limi ing e emi beha i . Unle ecific indi id al c me lel f

he e f c nd c ing e i a ack e G eece a a f ba e f f he ac i i ie in

We e n E e (in hich ca e i i he c n ec i e ice ake ac i n), he e f

he e le h e en all ac i e legal d c men a i n h ld be g ided a d ec n mic and

cial a ici a i n and ge in l ed in ec n mic ac i i ha ill e en all c ea e b den and

make hem hink ice h ld he de i e be a f an adical g . Tha aid, he f ee

67 For an example of policies of assimilation in Turkey see: Tugal, Cihan (2009) Passive Revolution: Absorbing the Islamic Challenge toCapitalism, Stanford University Press


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ma ke i n anacea, i c ea e h e e ni ie hich can be aken ad an age f b he

all ng M lim la i n c en l li ing in he c n h can c n i e a d namic

king f ce. Al h gh I lam eache a mea ed and m de a e a f life, c n ide ing ha

immig an all eek a be e life and n adical beha i if he a e denied ne,

ni ie f ec n mic ac i i can k a an ni f m f immig an c en l in

G eece bef e he n adical. Th e indi id al m in eg a e and be a imila ed in he

G eek cie and ec n m a la ge. The b ilding f a maj m e f e am le i deemed

nece a in de f he G eek a h i ie legi ima el h n d n and cl e all he illegal

lace f hi he e adical eaching incl ding Wahhabi m a e aking lace. I ill a g abl

ake e e al ea bef e e le h ha e ecen l came feel e en em el a f he G eek

cie (e eciall ide me li an a ea ). P licie f a imila i n can ake ea . The

e am le f bigge and m e c m li an c n ie ch a Ge man , F ance he Uni ed

Kingd m a e g d e am le al h gh h e c n ie hi and im e ial a i b i l

b an iall diffe en f m ha f G eece. I i b i ha man f he illegal (M lim and n

nl ) immig an c en l e iding in G eece h ld be de ed. Ne e hele ha i all b

ea . Al , m ni ing acking d n half a milli n e le i al ac icall im ible. While

he a i f e le h en e he c n and h e h a e f ced lea e h ld e ickl

change in fa f he la e , he S a e h ld in he ame ime l l a i h iden if ing and

checking all he illegal m e and he niden ified c l al cen e . Sim l ane l he

ec i e ice and he lice h ld a iden if ing an eligi leade and eache ince

i i h gh hei n ac i i and aganda ha e emi I lamic ide l gie a e aga ed

and ead. Wi h ega d he gene al f ame k f immig a i n licie i ld be i e f

he G eek g e nmen n di c imina e cla if h e n eligi me i . Illegal legal

M lim in G eece c me f m a i e hnic backg nd and c n ie . Thei a i de and

eligi c l e can diffe c n ide abl and hi i me hing ha h ld be e l i ed b hea h i ie a eligi n all ffe a afe ha en an ne h he i e fail bec me an

ac i e a f cie . Al h gh mind cann be c n lled, he S a e h ld make eff

ed ca e hem. A h i ie and he S a e in gene al incl ding he ed ca i nal e abli hmen and

a i in i i n and NGO , m ackle he e f adicali a i n and hake he e

f nda i n f hi kind f ide l gie and beha i b ing hem nf ile hile ing a

m e libe al and e e n a f life. In he l ng n, e ha e in he hea and mind f

h e h in iall c me f a be e life han im l in imida e i la e hem. Im ing he

i a i n in hei h me c n ie i al a l ng e m, c e a i e and im an e .


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A e i m i he ide l g and he ea n f he eak in idea and ca e , e ed ca i n

can am lif he ge f ch beha i . Emb acing he ich G eek c l e and bec ming, a

lea feeling a f a f ee and libe al cie ne ha le ea n e l e i lence and

e i m. Th e h d , h ld b i l be ni hed. Alh gh a imila i n eff and

ed ca ing e le a e l ng e m licie , he can ibl be he nl e emed f G eece and

E e a la ge in he figh again adicali a i n.


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BOOKS and PAPERS:

E e ge i, Vene ia and Ha i k i , Pan . (2010), I lam in G eece: Religi iden i

and ac ice am ng indigen M lim and M lim immig an , CRONEM 6 h Ann al

C nfe ence J ne 2010, Uni e i f S e ,

URL:h :// 3. e .ac. k/A /CRONEM/C nfe ence

2010/P e en a i n /E e ge iHa i k i . df

N mik M, J hn (2010) , RIEAS

Re ea ch Pa e N 144

K ak A. Pan (2007) , Te i m M ni

V l. 8, I e 37

T gal, Cihan (2009) : ,

S anf d Uni e i P e

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iri - greece

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