iraq war analysis

8/7/2019 Iraq war analysis

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Modern Day Iraq Understand the current

conflict in Iraq


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IRAQ A rea of 438,317 sqkm27.5 millionMuslim46% LiteracyUnemployment25-50%Oil rich country


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H istory of IraqFormerly part of Ottoman EmpireUN Mandate under Great Britain after WWI(1920)

Independence received in 1932Republic (Democracy) declared in 1958 Military Strongmen Dictatorship

SaddamH

ussein & Baathist party seizespower in 1978Saddam H ussein & Totalitarian Rule Executions

Genocide of Kurds


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SaddamH usseinPresident(Dictator) of Iraq


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Iran vs. Iraq (1980 1988)


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1988

Endsin

cease-fire


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Persian Gulf War 1991Iraq owed Kuwait money (20 million) Iraq invades and overthrows rich Kuwait

(1990)

Kuwaiti govt. flees to Saudi A rabiaUS A Response US freezes Iraqi & Kuwati assets

Stop tradingOperation Desert Shield Fastest Large-scale deployment of military

troops over intercontinental distance inmilitary history


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Operation Desert Shield4 Days 120,000 troops; Eventually500,000


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Protect Saudi A rabia


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H usseins Decision?Listen to UN andleave?

Continue to stay Be sanctioned

UN Coalition Every country of the

world is against you World Condemnation


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Death

TotalUS A

152Iraq over 100,000


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S eptember 11, 200 1

WorldTradeCenter

TerroristA ttacks


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S eptember 11, 200 1Pentagon hit by planes


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S eptember 11,

200 1

Pennsylvania fields - Flight93 crash


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S addam HusseinKnown for harboring terroristsThought to have weapons of massdestruction (WMD)Israel blew up his nuclear facilities inthe 1980s

Iraq does not listen to UnitedNations; nuclear facilitiesPresident Bush and his Cabinet

believe he is a threat to US security


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DO YOU THINK IF IRAQ IS

ACCUSED OF...

H arboring & supporting terroristsPLO, A l-Qaeda & bin Laden

Being accused of having WMDIsrael blew up their facilities in the

pastCoalition did in 1991 as well

that these are legitimate reasons

for the US to go to war with IR A Q?


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Q uestionsIs Saddam H ussein guilty for the 9/11 attacks?

Why does Bush want to go towar with Iraq?


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Th e U SA seeks support Great Britain will give it (8,000 troops)Little support for the proposed war fromother countries; want diplomacy not war US gets help from a few countries butnot a lot Japan, Brazil, Ukraine, Poland, etc.

Turkey wont allow US access to invadeUN inspectors not moving fast enoughon finding WMD; Bush & Congress gets

restless


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Marc h 17, 2003 S addamHussein must

leave Iraq wit h in 48 h oursor face war.

Why wouldBush say thathe wanted

SaddamH ussein toleave the

country?


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H ouse of Representatives

296 133


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SenateVote in favor of War if Saddam does notgive up WMDs: 77-23

Vote inFavor?


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Reasons for War in Iraq??1) Find WMD (original)2) Freedom?

3) Establish Democracy inM.E.?

A side Israel4) Protect US economy (oil)?

5) Global War on Terrorism


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1) Realism: unipolarity,matainhegemony and avoid post 9/11 decline.

2) Liberalism: security arises fromspreading democracy and humanrights.3) Elite intrests:war for partisanpolitical gain, Vested interests (e.g.energy corporations), war profiteering

Interests of the defense bureaucracy andintelligence agencies

Theories of conflict


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US and Coalition Invade Iraq

March 19, 2003 - Bush declares war March 20, 2003 - Operation Iraqi Freedom

Decapitation Attack Shock and Awe air attack Attempt to kill Saddam Hussein and regime

members in Baghdad

Marines and Army invade and steam rolltheir way to Baghdad Superior weaponry


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A pril 9, 2003

Baghdad overtaken by Coalition;Saddam out of power and on the run.

May 1, 2003

Declared end of major combat byCoalition forces


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New Problem:Shia vs. Sunni Civil War

Never a problem before

Competing for political power;weak government


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G reen Sunni IslamBlue Shia Islam


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Civilian Deaths (30-90,000)


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Car Bomb aimed at Shiite Market


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+ 2,000,000 Refugees today


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Troop Surge of 2007 Troop increase in Iraq (160,000) created

more stability for Iraqi government to operateeffectively & reduce violence Was a controversial move in 2007 2008

Bec aus e of the t roop surg e, the level of

vi olence i s s i g ni f ic a ntly d ow n. Civili a nde a ths ar e d ow n. Sect ar i a n killings ar ed ow n. Att a ck s on Ame r ic a n for ce s ar ed ow n. - President Bush


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Misc. Info.Oil productiondownA merican oilcompaniessecuringcontracts withIraq

Iraq has never knowndemocracyExtremists

Civil War possibility Sunni Shiite


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CriticismWidespreadViolenceNo UN approval / NoCoalition builtWMD??US Military DeathsCivilian DeathsWorld DisapprovalUS ReputationSimilar to Vietnam?


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R ecommendations

Honest effort for Peace from internationalactors.Immediate Withdrawal of coalition forces from Iraq.

Appointment of international peace force from neutralcountries for the transition period.

Capacity building of Iraqi security forces.

Involvement of shia, sunni religious leaders in peaceprocess.

iraq war analysis

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