ipt intro to dental anatomy tooth dental dentistry

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ipt-intro-to-dental-anatomy-tooth-dental-dentistry 1/37

University of the Pacic

Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry

Week I : Introduction to Dental Anatomy



Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Human&Anatomy&&&Gross&Anatomy& Microscopic&Anatomy&

Examples&Histology&Physiology&Biochemistry&

&

Regional&Groups&

Examples&

Head&&&Neck&Thorax&Abdomen&

ental&Anatomy&

!tudy&o"&the&Teeth&

Restoring&#uncEon&&&&$ontour&



University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni

School of Dentistry


General Information

!

!

Muscles lay a key role in masticatory functions! seaking ands"allo"ing

#hey may e$hi%it di&erential regional action due to comle$movements of the #M's




!

Ma(or )omonents *f #he #M'

)ranial +ase

! #he Mandi%le

! Muscles *f

! Mastication

,With innervation and

vascular suly-



University of the Pacific School of Dentistry


+asic Skull Anatomy

!

!

Ma$illa uer (a" %one

Mandi%le lo"er (a" %one

Maxilla

Mandible





+asic Skull Anatomy

!

!

Ma$illary teeth / ma$illary arch

Mandi%ular teeth / mandi%ular arch

Maxillary

Teeth

Mandibular

Teeth





#ooth Identication Systems

! #here are three main systems used in modern dentistry for thenum%ering of teeth. #hey are:

! Universal 0um%ering System

!

Palmer 0otation System! International 0um%ering System





Universal 0um%ering System

!

!

1istory

! Suggested %y Parreidt in 2334

! Adoted %y the A.D.A. in 2567

Details! Uses num%ers 2 through 84 for

ermanent teeth

! Uses letters A through # forrimary teeth

A B $ E # G H %

T ! R ' P ( N M ) *





Palmer 0otation System

! Details

! Uses %rackets to reresent the four9uadrants

! Permanent teeth are la%eled 2 to 3 oneach side of the midline

! Deciduous teeth are la%eled "ith the same%rackets! letters A through

E $ B A

E $ B A

Uer ;ight Uer <eft

<o"er ;ight <o"er <eft





Universal 0um%ering System

! Details

!

!

Uses t"o digits for each tooth

=irst digit reresents dentition! arch and side

! 2 / ermanent dentition! ma$illary! right! 4 / ermanent dentition! ma$illary! left

! 8 / ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! left

! > / ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! right

! 7 / rimary dentition! ma$illary! right

! ? / rimary dentition! ma$illary! left

! 6 / rimary dentition! mandi%ular! left

! 3 / rimary dentition! mandi%ular! right

Second num%er denotes the tooth ositionrelative to midline! 2 3! from central incisor to8rd molar





International 0um%ering System

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

2

4

8

>7

?

6

3

/

/

/

//

/

/

/

ermanent dentition! ma$illary! right

ermanent dentition! ma$illary! left

ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! left

ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! rightrimary dentition! ma$illary! right

rimary dentition! ma$illary! left

rimary dentition! mandi%ular! left

rimary dentition! mandi%ular! right





#rait )ategories Set #raits

! Set #raits / dentition traits distinguish teeth in the rimarydentition from secondary dentition





#rait )ategories Arch #raits

! Arch #raits @ distinguish ma$illaryfrom mandi%ular





#rait )ategories )lass #raits

! )lass #raits @ distinguish the four categories of teeth ... incisors!canines! remolars! molars

%ncisors

$anines

Premolars

Molars





#rait )ategories #ye #raits

! #ye #raits distinguish teeth "ithin one class




1umans 1ave #"o Dentitions #hroughout <ife

!

!

Primary dentition during childhood

Permanent dentition during adulthood

Primary entition Permanent entition





Anterior vs. Posterior Permanent Dentition

!

!

Anterior #eeth incisors and canines

Posterior teeth remolars and molars

A A A P P P P P





Permanent Dentition

;ight

Uer right

<eft

Uer left

<o"er right <o"er left





#erminology Used to Distinguish #ooth Surfaces =acial Surface

! =acial Surface the surface ne$t to the face! theouter surface of a tooth resting ne$t to the cheeksor lis.

! Used in %oth anterior and osterior teeth





#erminology Used to Distinguish #ooth Surfaces +uccal Surface

! +uccal Surface the facial surface of osterior teeth! meaning ne$tto the cheek





#erminology Used #o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces <a%ial Surface

! <a%ial Surface the facial surface ne$t to the lis!generally used for anterior teeth





#erminology Used to Distinguish #ooth Surfaces Pro$imal Surface

!

!

Pro$imal Surface the surface or side of atooth that is ne$t to an ad(acent tooth

Pro$imal surfaces are not considered self@cleansing



! Mesial Surface @ is the surface of the tooth nearest to themidline of the dental arch


#erminology Used

#o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces



! Distal Surface @ is the surface of the tooth farthest from themidline of the dental arch


#erminology Used

#o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces





#erminology Used #o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces

! <ingual Surface @ is the surface of ma$illary and mandi%ular teethnearest the tongue





#erminology Used #o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces

!

Palatal Surface @ is thesurface of ma$illary teethnearest the alate





Primary Dentition

!

!

!

!

#here are 4 teeth in the rimary dentition

! 2 ma$illary teethB 2 mandi%ular teethB 7 teeth in each 9uadrant

#his dentition is also termed the deciduous dentition

#he rst signs of this dentition aear %et"een Cero and si$ monthsPrimary teeth fall out due to a natural rocess of tooth succession




Dental =ormula for the Primary Dentition

! #he dental formula for one side of the mouth is:

% +

+$

,

,M

+

+- ,. teeth on each side

% %

% %

$

$ M M

M M

,Permanent 2st molars erut at the age of ?B "hile most rimary teeth are still in lace-University of the Pacific School of Dentistry




School of Dentistry


Primary Dentition

!

!

!

#he teeth function an average of 3years for ma$illary teeth

#he teeth function an average of 6.?years for mandi%ular teeth

1old an imortant role in reservingsace for ermanent teeth




School of Dentistry


)ro"n Proortion <a%ial Asect of Primary Incisors

! Primary ma$illary central incisors are theonly incisor in %oth dentitions that is"ider mesiodistally than they are longincisocervically




School of Dentistry


)ervical <ines <a%ial Asect of Primary )anines

! 1old an imortant role in

reserving sace for ermanent teeth

M




School of Dentistry


Primary Molars

!

!

!

!

Smaller than rimary second molars

Are 9uite uni9ue in their shae

Primary second molars have considera%lelikeness to ermanent rst molars

Ma$illary molars have three roots andmandi%ular have t"o





Permanent Dentition

!

!

!

#here are 84 teeth in the ermanent dentition

! 2? ma$illary teethB 2? mandi%ular teethB 3 teeth in each 9uadrant

#his dentition is also termed the succedaneous dentition %ecause itsucceeds the rimary dentition

#he rst signs of the ermanent dentition aear at age ?




School of Dentistry


General Descrition of Incisors

! #here are four ma$illary incisors:

! #"o centrals

! #"o laterals

/ 0 1 ,.




Introduction to )anines

!

!

#here are four canines:

! 0um%ers ?! 22! 44! 46

General information

! #hey are the longest of theermanent teeth

! )alled cornerstones of the arches

! Also kno"n as cusids! eyeteethor fangs

2 ,,



University of the Arthur A. Dugoni Pacific

School of Dentistry


General Descrition of Premolars

!

!

#here are eight remolars in human dentition

0um%ers >! 7! 24! 28! 4! 42! 43! 45

3

4

,+

,5

+.

+0 +,

+1




School of Dentistry


General Descrition of Molars

!

!

!

#here are 24 ermanent molars

=irst! second and third on each sidema$illary and mandi%ular

Under universal num%ering system they

are 2!4!8!2>!27!2?!26!23!25!8!82!84

ipt intro to dental anatomy tooth dental dentistry

Documents