IODINE CONTENT OF HOUSEHOLD SALT

DISSEMINATION FORUM

July 28, 2020

DOST-FNRI, Taguig City

IODINE DEFICIENCY

a lack of the trace element iodine, an essentialcomponent of the thyroid hormones involved inthe regulation of various enzymes and metabolicprocesses.

(IOM-FNB, 2001)

IODINE DEFICIENCYIodine deficiency disorders (IDD) include:

Goiter

Mental retardation

Hypothyroidism

Cretinism

Increased morbidity and mortality

of infants

Impaired cognitive development

Source: https://www.primehealthchannel.com/wp-

content/uploads/2013/05/Iodine-Deficiency-Picture.b197b0.webp

https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https://www.primehealthchannel.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Iodine-Deficiency-Picture.b197b0.webp?fbclid%3DIwAR11AG1Nb1lFTP_MZqJHS1FfXkxIq6IOg-fYMW1Kk2xXr3Tpf3hzqKeUzJM&h=AT0c0O6Rcy9IAHJsIRxrAXEuiV5Exc5a8wZV2naPPV4w8I8sQJMezk8m61Wy3m-jcjqJjo4ujGSsuBLuZZS4XyPxtZKG2nxREtiTk3FxntTqJYQnWyKFTKRwcrMDp4FlZic

STRATEGIES IN COMBATINGIODINE DEFICIENCYIN THE PHILIPPINES

Salt iodization

Use of iodized salt in processed foods

Iodization of drinking water

What is ASIN Law?Republic Act No. 8172

“An Act for Salt Iodization Nationwide”

Enacted in 1995, seeks to contribute to theelimination of micronutrient malnutrition in thecountry, particularly iodine deficiency disorders,through the cost-effective preventive measure ofsalt iodization

SALT IODIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINESFDA Circular No. 2013-007 dated 05 March 2013

2008 NNS 80.97% of salt at the household level is

positive for iodine but only 25.2% isadequately iodized at the WHO

recommended level of 15 ppm (mg/Kg)

RESULTS

Household Response Rate

ELIGIBLE

RESPONSE

RESPONSE RATE (%)

27,943

20,801

74.4%

Distribution of Households by WYD test results for salt by Place of Residence: Philippines, 2018

43.0

19.8

37.2

44.5

20.9

34.6

41.0

18.5

40.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

Distribution of Households by WYD test results for salt by Wealth Quintile: Philippines, 2018

42.1

25.9

32.0

45.1

21.8

33.1

42.6

20.1

37.2

43.7

16.3

40.040.7

14.1

45.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

Type of Salt used by Households by Place of Residence: Philippines, 2018

62.5

28.9

8.5

65.2

29.0

5.7

59.7

28.8

11.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Rock salt Fine salt Both

Per

cen

tage

(%

)

All Rural Urban

Type of Salt used by Households by Wealth Quintile: Philippines, 2018

74.6

22.5

2.9

69.1

25.6

5.2

64.1

29.0

6.9

57.3

31.9

10.8

44.936.7

18.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

ROCK SALT FINE SALT BOTH

Per

cen

tage

(%

)

Poorest Poor Middle Rich Richest

Source of Salt

Type of Salt Sari-sari

store

Market/ talipapa

Supermarket/ grocery

Ambulant vendors

Health centers/ hospital

s

Give-free

Others

Rock salt45.9

%54.5% 6.2 % 2.0% 0.04 % 0.5% 0.2%

Fine salt29.2

%38.6 % 34.8% 1.4 % 0.6% 1.9% 0.9 %

Are Filipino households aware of

iodized salt?

65.1%

Source: https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSquyzd3WsQpYofVhpQIsrAxFUblSWDWm3CAg&usqp=CAU

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSquyzd3WsQpYofVhpQIsrAxFUblSWDWm3CAg&usqp=CAU

Perception of Meal Planners on Iodized Salt: Philippines, 2018

1.1

5.3

5.8

15.4

18.6

30.1

47.6

0 10 20 30 40 50

Good for pregnant mother

Others

Good for the brain

Good for the body

Added with iodine

Prevent goiter

Cleaned/Refined

Note: These are verbatim answers

Are Filipino households using

iodized salt?

61.6%

Source: https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSquyzd3WsQpYofVhpQIsrAxFUblSWDWm3CAg&usqp=CAU

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSquyzd3WsQpYofVhpQIsrAxFUblSWDWm3CAg&usqp=CAU

Households who claimed using Iodized Saltby Place of Residence: Philippines, 2018

56.865.7

0

20

40

60

80

RURAL URBAN

Per

cen

tage

(%

)

Households who claimed using Iodized Salt by Wealth Quintile: Philippines, 2018

Per

cen

tage

(%

)

45.452.4

58.166.9

77.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

POOREST POOR MIDDLE RICH RICHEST

Trends in Iodized Salt Awareness and Usage

67.379.5 78.5

71.565.1

24.838.1 41.9

47.5

61.6

0

20

40

60

80

100

1998 2003 2008 2013 2018Awareness Users

Pe

rce

nta

ge(%

)

Proportion of iodine status among those who are using salt adequately iodized (>15 ppm) by population groups

35.0 37.6 34.4 35.737.0

26.8 27.1

32.734.9

28.7

0

10

20

30

40

School agedchildren, 6-12 y/o

WRA, NPNL Pregnant women Lactating mothers Elderly

NOT IODINE DEFICIENT IODINE DEFICIENT (UIE < 50 µg/L)

* *

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

*

SUMMARY

Households who use adequately iodized salt (> 15ppm) was lowest among the poorest and highest among the richest

Majority of households were aware and were users of iodized salt

SUMMARY

Households who claimed using iodized salt was highest among the richest households

There was a decline in iodized salt awareness from 2003 to 2018 but there was an increasing trend in the usage of iodized salt

SUMMARY

Among those who are using salt adequately iodized, there was a significantly lower iodine deficiency among population groups such as school-aged children, 6-12 years old, women of reproductive age, non pregnant non lactating women and among the elderly