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Inventions that Changed the World
c Pearson Education Limited 2008 Inventions that Changed the World - Answer keys � of 3
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1–2 Open answers3 a cannon rifle b floppy disk processor c rocket satellite d compass radar4 a Leonardo da Vinci b Pythagoras c Marco Polo5 Open answers6 a F b F c T d F e F f T g T h F i T7 1 b 2 e 3 d 4 f 5 a 6 c 7 g 8 I 9 h8 a 5 cm b 8 c 440 d 29 a writing numbers with two signs b the number 1.414213 … c a way of proving things d writing numbers with letters e writing numbers with nine signs f algebra10 160 meters11 a faster b Italy c India d on a map e The curve of the earth means that they get further
from the ground the further they travel.12 a 4 b 5 c 2 d 3 e 113 Open answers14 Open answers (a 11th or 12th b 14th century c 19th century d 16th century e 19th century)15 a cannon b gunpowder in Europe c the Mary Rose d the Victory e the repeating handgun f a machine gun with ten barrels g a machine gun with one barrel
16 Possible answers: People could learn to use a matchlock more quickly. Matchlocks could kill, through metal, from a greater distance. Bullets were more dangerous. Inexperienced enemy soldiers were frightened by the noise and smoke that matchlocks produced.
17 Open answers18 a high b low c outside d land vehicle e separately f improved g built h ships i inside j Germany19 a It was too slow. b Horses or water. c The steamboat (1783). d They were too heavy. e Karl Benz. f It could only fly for a short time.20 Open answers21 1 g 2 b 3 i 4 a 5 c 6 e 7 d 8 f 9 h22–23 Open answers24 a moving arms on buildings b horses c electric telegraph d telephone e radio f television25 üüü üß ßß üüß ü üßüü S a m u e lßß ßßß üßü üüü ü M o r s e üü ßü üüüß ü ßü ß ü ßüü i n v e n t e dß üüüü üü üüü üü ßü t h i s i n üßßßß ßßßüü üüüßß ßßüüü 1 8 3 726 Open answers (a False. It was planned by Charles Babbage in the
early 19th century. b True c True d True e False. She sent it in 1976. f False. (He invented the World Wide Web.)
Inventions that Changed the World
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27 Apple II 6 Colossus 1 ENAIC 3 PDP-8 5 UNIVAC 1 4 Z3 228 a had 25,000 parts. b counted the U.S. population. c was finished in Switzerland. d was right when people were wrong. e is still true. f was one of the first personal computers. g was better than tapes. h made the Internet more popular. 29 Open answers30 a an animal b a Bible c plants d a wedding ring e spears f a streetcar g a machine on a factory roof31–41 Open answers
Discussion activities key1 The presses used for printing were similar to those
used for making wine.2 Open answers3 Open answers.Bill Gates is the creator of Windows
and the owner of Microsoft.4 Open answers5 10.5 (11 – ½); their most important contribution was
the spreading of mathematical knowledge in Europe.6–7 Open answers8 (32 × 5) × (6 × 5) ; 160 × 30 ; 240 ; (4 × 5) 20 (XXXII × V) × (VI × V) ; CCXL (IV × V)9–16 Open answers17 Open answers; a connection may be made because the
development of engines enabled people to travel and made languages necessary for communication.
18–20 Open answers21 Open answers. They became afraid of his powers and
sent him out of the country (page 22).
22–26 Open answers27 The instructions are: Find information about smoke
signals and prepare a presentation. Smoke signals are a form of visual communication developed by Native Americans. It consists of controlling puffs of smoke by covering a fire with a blanket.
28 Open answers; approximately in 183429 Open answers30 In 1943 IBM estimated that the world market for
computers was for about five, and today there are over 100 million (page 47); they also failed to see that business was in the development of systems rather than machines (page 50). Considering that Microsoft charges $10 for each machine sold with their system, the 100 million computers in the market today have given them a minimum of 1,000 million.
31–34 Open answers
Activity worksheets key1 a 6; blocks b 2; cards c 4; color d 7; steam e 1; words f 9; printing g h 8; metal i 5; books2 a 42 × 32 = 52
b 1311; (525 + 786) c x2 = 3x so x = 3 3 a Plato b Elements c double step d algebra4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 1 e 55 a Greek b Alexandria c Ptolemy d Jupiter
K N O T
A knot is used for measuring speed. It is equivalent to 1.85 km.
Inventions that Changed the World
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Answer keys LEVEL 4PENGUIN READERS
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6 a the Mary Rose sank because she was carrying too many guns.
b the Victory fought at Trafalgar with 104 guns. c Samuel Colt invented a simple type of handgun. d a force of Zulus killed over 1,300 British soldiers. e British soldiers killed 11,000 people at Omdurman. f the British Army killed 19,000 men in France.7 It is difficult to say that Colt, Bacon, Gatling and
Maxim made a contribution to the history of mankind.
8 a Papin b Newcomen c Watt d Newcomen e Wilkinson9 a 1825 b 1941 c 1862 d 1 AD e 188510 a zeppelin > balloon b balloon > airplane c airplane > station d station > zeppelin11 I C E a Italian b Cordoba c Neil In 1919, Brown had to climb over the wings of his
airplane to remove the ice while crossing the Atlantic.12 Possible answers: Across a Claude ………… killed himself because his
invention was not successful enough. b ………… carried letters across six states in ten
days. c The first cell phones looked very ………… . d ‘Mr …………, come here, I want you’ were the
first words spoken by Bell on the telephone. Down b David ………… invented the first printing
telegraph. e Philo Taylor ………… was the first person to send
good pictures by television. f A ………… is a message usually sent over a long
distance.
13 a 5 b 4 c 1 d 2 e 314 a Catseyes and windshield wipers b Velcro and sewing machines c Post-it notes d Catseyes, the Dual Cyclone vacuum cleaner and
Bayliss’s radio e Bayliss’s radio f Lock-nuts
Progress test key1 a good-quality b 42-lined c fully-colored d water-powered e desk-top2 a Al-Khwarizmi b Euclid c Samos d Alexandria e Uzbekistan3 a two bits of wood b shadow c China d India e east4 a rockets b gunpowder c cannon d barrel e rifles5 a to entertain people b used for several decades c French d Britain e jet airplanes6 a 17th b 16th c 19th d 18th e 20th7 a kilometers b impersonal c employment d unlike8 1 a transistor b together c electronic d centimeter 2 e floppy f improvement