Invasive GPSInvasive GPS

Two sides of the coinTwo sides of the coin

GPS: Good or Bad?GPS: Good or Bad?

GPS and associated technological GPS and associated technological developments have many developments have many implications; positive and negative.implications; positive and negative.

This presentation will deal with This presentation will deal with evaluating the benefits vs. the costs evaluating the benefits vs. the costs of GPS in modern societyof GPS in modern society

A brief history and methodology of A brief history and methodology of GPSGPS

GPS was created over the Labour Day weekend in 1973. GPS was created over the Labour Day weekend in 1973. GPS was a cumulative build-up of all the previous satellite GPS was a cumulative build-up of all the previous satellite technologies such as TRANSIT (for Polaris submarines), and technologies such as TRANSIT (for Polaris submarines), and TIMATION.*TIMATION.*

The operating principle of GPS is simple. There are 24 The operating principle of GPS is simple. There are 24 satellites in orbit above the Earth, and each one satellites in orbit above the Earth, and each one continuously broadcasts a digital radio signal that includes continuously broadcasts a digital radio signal that includes both its own position and the time, exact to a billionth of a both its own position and the time, exact to a billionth of a second. A GPS receiver takes this information from four second. A GPS receiver takes this information from four satellites and uses it to calculate its position on the planet. satellites and uses it to calculate its position on the planet.

*http://www.stanford.edu/dept/news/pr/95/950613Arc5183.*http://www.stanford.edu/dept/news/pr/95/950613Arc5183.html html

TravelTravel

GPS technology has revolutionized the GPS technology has revolutionized the marine, aviation, transportation, and marine, aviation, transportation, and military industries. Travel is now safer, military industries. Travel is now safer, and more reliable than ever before. and more reliable than ever before. Unfortunate incidents such as Korean Air Unfortunate incidents such as Korean Air Lines flight 007 no longer have to be Lines flight 007 no longer have to be repeated.repeated.

KAL 007KAL 007 On September 1, 1983, KAL On September 1, 1983, KAL

007 drifted unintentionally 007 drifted unintentionally into Soviet airspace and was into Soviet airspace and was shot down by Soviet fighter shot down by Soviet fighter jets. Apparently, the cause jets. Apparently, the cause of this incident was faulty of this incident was faulty instrumentation on the instrumentation on the Boeing 747-200Boeing 747-200

Soon after this incident, Soon after this incident, Ronald Reagan announced Ronald Reagan announced that the GPS system would that the GPS system would become available for civilian become available for civilian use once it was completeduse once it was completed

Telematics servicesTelematics services “…“…OnStar is the leading provider of telematics services in the OnStar is the leading provider of telematics services in the

United States. Telematics is the transmission of data United States. Telematics is the transmission of data communications between systems and devices. OnStar's in-communications between systems and devices. OnStar's in-vehicle safety, security, and information services use Global vehicle safety, security, and information services use Global Positioning System (GPS)…” - OnStar WebsitePositioning System (GPS)…” - OnStar Website

Certain OnStar vehicles such as the 2004 Chevrolet Malibu are Certain OnStar vehicles such as the 2004 Chevrolet Malibu are also equipped with “GM Advanced Automatic Crash Notification also equipped with “GM Advanced Automatic Crash Notification System (AACN)”. This system uses a variety of devices including System (AACN)”. This system uses a variety of devices including accelerometers, and front and side sensors to detect a crash and accelerometers, and front and side sensors to detect a crash and its severity. The OnStar system then relays this information its severity. The OnStar system then relays this information automatically to the emergency services.automatically to the emergency services.

Fleet TrackingFleet Tracking Large companies, such as UPS, that run on a tight schedule Large companies, such as UPS, that run on a tight schedule

can simplify their logistical operations by installing GPS can simplify their logistical operations by installing GPS devices in all of their vehicles so that they can be tracked.devices in all of their vehicles so that they can be tracked.

GPS Fleet Solutions provides real time GPS and passive GPS vehicle tracking systems for fleet owners and dispatchers. Unlike many of the other vehicle tracking software providers on the web; GPSFS strives to bring you a diverse collection of the most current and reliable GPS fleet management products available on the market today. We have eight fleet management tools for tracking vehicles, trailers or your heavy equipment to improve fleet productivity, accountability, and profitability.

- www.gpsfleetsolutions.com- www.gpsfleetsolutions.com

Big Brother Riding ShotgunBig Brother Riding Shotgun A Connecticut man is suing A Connecticut man is suing

a local rental company, a local rental company, Acme Rent-a-Car, after it Acme Rent-a-Car, after it used GPS (Global used GPS (Global Positioning System) Positioning System) technology to track him technology to track him and then fined him $450 and then fined him $450 for speeding three times. for speeding three times.

Acme Rent-a-Car was Acme Rent-a-Car was using a system provided using a system provided by AirIQ, a Toronto based by AirIQ, a Toronto based company, that tracks company, that tracks vehicles and also relays vehicles and also relays information regarding their information regarding their speed, heading, etc.speed, heading, etc.

In the fine print of the In the fine print of the contract, it was stated that contract, it was stated that if the driver exceeded 79 if the driver exceeded 79 mph for over 2 minutes, a mph for over 2 minutes, a fine of $150 would be fine of $150 would be assessed. This occurred assessed. This occurred three times.three times.

So What?So What? This is an example of a This is an example of a

company taking advantage company taking advantage of driving habits and of driving habits and technology. It is clear that technology. It is clear that people will speed; thus this people will speed; thus this seems to be a purely profit seems to be a purely profit motivated decision.motivated decision.

Also, Acme Rent-a-Car is Also, Acme Rent-a-Car is attempting to do the job of attempting to do the job of the police and state by the police and state by issuing penaltiesissuing penalties

Consider then that Acme Consider then that Acme also knows where exactly also knows where exactly the vehicle went, where it the vehicle went, where it stopped, and for how long. stopped, and for how long. This can be repeated for This can be repeated for every single car; this data every single car; this data may then be sold on to may then be sold on to other companies.other companies.

Example: where should a Example: where should a new McDonald’s be new McDonald’s be located? Check where located? Check where rental car drivers go.rental car drivers go.

Tracking peopleTracking people Track your children using Wherify.

Choose Your Map StyleChoose a standard street map or custom aerial photo. Then zoom in, zoom out, pan right or left for a better look.

Go Breadcrumbing!Soccer game? Play practice? With our "breadcrumb" feature, you can pre-set times on your gps watch for "locates" to ensure your child arrives safely.

Unlock The Locator RemotelyYour child has safely arrived at the pool party. Now unlock the locator via Internet or phone so your child can remove their gps watch.

Log FilesWe use IP addresses, browser type, referring

url, platform type, and access times to analyze trends, administer the site, track user's

movement, and gather broad demographic information for aggregate use. IP addresses, etc. are not linked to personally identifiable

information.

VeriTracks / STOPVeriTracks / STOP

Satellite Tracking of People LLC (STOP) is the premier Satellite Tracking of People LLC (STOP) is the premier provider of Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) tracking provider of Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) tracking systems and services to the corrections and law systems and services to the corrections and law enforcement agencies wishing to take advantage of the enforcement agencies wishing to take advantage of the most recent technological developments in the field of most recent technological developments in the field of offender monitoring.  STOP offers patented systems and offender monitoring.  STOP offers patented systems and products unmatched in the corrections and law products unmatched in the corrections and law enforcement industries.  STOP's place of business and GPS enforcement industries.  STOP's place of business and GPS service facilities are located in the United States, service facilities are located in the United States, headquartered in Houston, Texas with additional offices in headquartered in Houston, Texas with additional offices in Reston, Virginia and Nashville, Tennessee.  Our Reston, Virginia and Nashville, Tennessee.  Our management team has more than 100 years of experience management team has more than 100 years of experience in the delivery of in the delivery of correctional and law enforcement services to government.correctional and law enforcement services to government.

http://www.wired.com/news/privacy/0,1848,55740,00.html http://www.wired.com/news/privacy/0,1848,55740,00.html

E-911E-911 Karla Gutierrez's car plunged into a canal off the Florida Karla Gutierrez's car plunged into a canal off the Florida

Turnpike. Trapped inside, Gutierrez frantically dialed 911 Turnpike. Trapped inside, Gutierrez frantically dialed 911 from her cell phone, but she didn't know where she was. By from her cell phone, but she didn't know where she was. By the time help arrived, she had drowned.the time help arrived, she had drowned.

"Determining the location is the most important thing in "Determining the location is the most important thing in

any call to 911," said Thera Bradshaw, executive director of any call to 911," said Thera Bradshaw, executive director of the San Francisco Emergency Communications the San Francisco Emergency Communications Department. "If the location can be pinpointed, help can be Department. "If the location can be pinpointed, help can be sent." sent."

http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2001/03/19/BU155366.DTL&type=tech_articlearchive/2001/03/19/BU155366.DTL&type=tech_article

Sounds good right?Sounds good right? Implementing E-911 into handsets and network Implementing E-911 into handsets and network

infrastructure is very expensive. Networks have infrastructure is very expensive. Networks have to find a way to recoup some of this money.to find a way to recoup some of this money.

Potential ways to do this include the use of L-Potential ways to do this include the use of L-comm (location based commerce). This might comm (location based commerce). This might lead to a barrage of unwanted phone spam.lead to a barrage of unwanted phone spam.

Also, Industry sources said the FBI and Secret Also, Industry sources said the FBI and Secret Service are pressuring cellular carriers to Service are pressuring cellular carriers to maintain records of their customers' locations. maintain records of their customers' locations.

It’s the Five-OIt’s the Five-O When Robert Moran drove back to his law offices in Rome,

N.Y., after a plane trip to Arizona in July 2003, he had no idea that a silent stowaway was aboard his vehicle: a secret GPS bug implanted without a court order by state police.

Apparently, this kind of activity is legal, because traveling on a public highway negates any right to privacy; after all, the police could have just watched his car from a helicopter.

What's raising eyebrows, though, is the increasingly popular law enforcement practice of secretly tagging Americans' vehicles without adhering to the procedural safeguards and judicial oversight that protect the privacy of homes and telephone conversations from police abuses.

Watch out, it’s the BossWatch out, it’s the Boss Earlier this month, mobile tracking firm Xora showed off the latest version of its Nextel

GPS (global positioning system) phone software. The company says 1,600 corporate customers have signed up for its services, including "geofences" technology that sets off an alarm at the office when field workers go to preprogrammed off-limits sites, such as a bar or a park.

What's new:GPS-enabled cell phones can track users, and employers are eager to keep their mobile workers on an electronic leash.

Bottom line:Bosses want the service, many consumers want the service, and the technology is becoming cheaper and more widely available. Get used to the eye in the sky."There's no electro shock--yet," Xora CEO Sanjay Shirole said.

Employee-tracking devices are gaining steam thanks to ever-more-accurate GPS technology and a U.S. mandate requiring wireless companies to develop ways for emergency workers to find the physical location of people who dial 911 on a cell phone.

Every move you make, the boss is watching youOne of the earliest examples of how an employer can walk this fine line is in Chicago, where about 500 city employees now carry geo-tracking phones, mainly as a tool to increase their productivity. The phones were distributed to employees only after their unions won several concessions, including allowing workers to shut down geo-tracking features during lunch time and after hours.

http://news.com.com/Big+boss+is+watching/2100-1036_3-5379953.html

A WABC-TV news truck leaves the company building on West 67th St. in New York on

Wednesday. News trucks at the station were recently equipped with global positioning

systems, raising concerns among the station's union workers about privacy issues.

How to get around it.How to get around it.

ConclusionConclusion

GPS tracking technology has undoubtedly GPS tracking technology has undoubtedly made our world safer. made our world safer.

This can be used as an argument in the This can be used as an argument in the future to further enhance the tracking of future to further enhance the tracking of people. We just want to make society people. We just want to make society safer…let us put a watch on your wrist safer…let us put a watch on your wrist that will measure your pulse, blood sugar that will measure your pulse, blood sugar level, and tell us exactly where you are, level, and tell us exactly where you are, and where you have been.and where you have been.

What’s next?What’s next? There have been unsubstantiated rumors in the There have been unsubstantiated rumors in the

UK, that there are plans to implant under-skin UK, that there are plans to implant under-skin microchips (similar to the ones used in cats and microchips (similar to the ones used in cats and dogs) with GPS capabilities in young children. dogs) with GPS capabilities in young children. Sure, it sounds safe, you know where your Sure, it sounds safe, you know where your children are, but so does the government.children are, but so does the government.

Also, news articles from the UK suggest that the Also, news articles from the UK suggest that the electronic tagging of criminals is not as effective electronic tagging of criminals is not as effective as intended. Criminals are able to remove the as intended. Criminals are able to remove the tags, commit a crime, then return and put the tag tags, commit a crime, then return and put the tag back on. So what’s the point? Is the government back on. So what’s the point? Is the government just trying to soften us up for the day when just trying to soften us up for the day when everyone will be required to wear a tag?everyone will be required to wear a tag?