introduction to volcanoes! 8science ecuador pasto indonesia mexico costa rica
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Introduction to Volcanoes! 8SCIENCE ECUADOR PASTO INDONESIA MEXICO COSTA RICA](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022033104/56649e5d5503460f94b5699b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Volcanoes!8SCIENCE
ECUADOR
PASTO
INDONESIA
MEXICO
COSTA RICA
![Page 2: Introduction to Volcanoes! 8SCIENCE ECUADOR PASTO INDONESIA MEXICO COSTA RICA](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022033104/56649e5d5503460f94b5699b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is a volcano?• A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface• Most volcanoes are dormant – Not currently active
• Active volcanoes– Hawaii: Kilauea volcano– Iceland: “the land of fire and ice”
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How is a volcano formed?• Inside the earth heat
and pressure causes rock to melt and turn to magma
• Magma is forced up to the surface of the Earth because it is less dense – flows out through an
opening called a vent
• The lava cools quickly to form layers
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Where do volcanoes occur?• Directly related to the
movement of the Earth’s plates along plate boundaries
• Occur where tectonic plates are moving together or apart
• Or may be formed by a hot spot
• Plates moving apart: Mid-Atlantic ridge separates and forms long cracks
• Plates moving together: Nazca and South American plates are being forced under the Caribbean plates
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Hot Spots• Hot spots: Ex. Hawaiian islands are
volcanic islands but are not found on the edge of the plates
• Some areas in the mantle are hotter than others• These hot spots melt rock and it is forced upwards
towards the crust • Volcanoes are formed in a line because the Pacific
plate is moving over the hot spot