introduction to virtual reality lecture 2015

1 http://mikhailfominykh.com/

Introduction to

Virtual RealityMikhail Fominykh, PhD

Molde University College, Norway

Volga State University of Technology, Russia

Europlan UK ltd., United Kingdom

Invited lecture at Aksaray University, Turkey | 12.11.2015

http://mikhailfominykh.com/


I. The term “Virtual Reality”

II. History

III. Effect

IV. Components

V. Application examples

Outline


3 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from VR 2013 © Mikhail Fominykh



From latin virtuālis, Vir (man) Virtus

(connotations of valor, manliness,

excellence, courage, character, etc.)

The term “Virtual Reality”



Virtual = almost real




Movie examples





II. History

III. Effect

IV. Components


Outline


8 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from ISM 2013 © Mikhail Fominykh



View master

1939

Photo from wikipedia


10 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://www.shortlist.com/


11 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://amturing.acm.org/

Head-mounted display

1968


12 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from wikipedia

Aspen

Movie

Map,

1977


13 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://starwars.wikia.com/

Aspen Movie Map

1977

Star Wars. New hope, 1977


14 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://p3.no/

Aspen Movie Map

1977

Tron, 1982



History



Photo from http://www.amazon.com/

History



1980–1990

o High price

o New competitor – the Internet

History


19 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/



1990–2000

o CAVEs

o VRML

History



VR paper box

2015

Photo © Mikhail FominykhPhoto from http://www.umich.edu/



2000–>

o Desktop technologies

o Head-mounted displays

o Haptics

o Augmented reality

o Wearables

o Internet of things

o Price

History


23 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo © Mikhail Fominykh

http://secondlife.com


24 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo © Mikhail Fominykh

http://vacademia.com


25 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from Wikipedia

Oculus Rift DK1

2013


26 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://www.augmentedreality.org/

Oculus Rift DK1

2013



VR paper box

2015

Photo from http://www.aliexpress.com/



Oculus Rift DK1

2013



Oculus Rift DK1

2013

Photo from http://techcrunch.com/




II. History

III. Effect

IV. Components


Outline


31 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MP0Dg0B0bi0



Virtual Reality Effect

Senses

Consciousness

Reality

Action




Virtual reality

Senses

Consciousness

Action

Output devices

Input devices

Senses

Consciousness

Reality

Action



Virtual reality I3

o Imagination

o Interaction

o Immersion


Immersion

Interaction Imagination

T. B. Sheridan: Interaction, imagination and immersion some research needs



Virtual reality is

o Believable

o Interactive

o Computed-generated

o Explorable

o Immersive


Inspired by http://www.explainthatstuff.com/virtualreality.html



o Believable: A user must feel and believe

that he/she is in a virtual reality. Otherwise,

the illusion disappears.




o Interactive: When a user is moving in

virtual reality, the environment is moving

accordingly, it reacts to the actions of

users.




o Computed-generated: Only computer

technologies can generate virtual reality

believable enough and interactive, so

that the users can fall into illusion.




o Explorable: Virtual reality should be

explorable with multiple points of view

opening new perspectives depending on

the actions of users.




o Immersive: Virtual reality should immerse

mind and body, affecting five main senses

and other senses.

Virtual reality should be immersive enough:

more complex technologies do not always

lead to a better effect




o Sight – desktop / stereo / CAVE / HMD– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_virtual_reality

– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoscopy

– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_Automatic_Virtual_Env

ironment

– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-mounted_display

o Hearing

o Taste

o Smell

o Touch

Virtual Reality senses: Sight



Desktop Virtual Reality



Stereoscopy

http://www.xdcam-user.com/alisters-blog/



Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE)

http://www0.cs.ucl.ac.uk/research/vr/Projects/Cave/


45 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculus_Rift

Head-mounted display (HMD)


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculus_Rift


Head-mounted display (HMD)



o Sight

o Hearing – 3D audio– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_virtual_reality

o Taste

o Smell

o Touch

Virtual Reality senses: Hearing


48 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://www.stormaudio.com/en/technologies/3d-audio/spheraudio/

Virtual acoustics and sound



o Sight

o Hearing

o Taste – virtual taste– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersive_technology

o Smell

o Touch

Virtual Reality senses: Taste



http://mixedrealitylab.org/projects/all-projects/digital-taste-

interface/

Digital taste interface



o Sight

o Hearing

o Taste

o Smell – virtual smell– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersive_technology

o Touch

Virtual Reality senses: Smell


52 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/

Virtual Cocoon


53 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://phys.org/news/2011-04-virtual-reality-scent-human.html

Meta cookie



o Sight

o Hearing

o Taste

o Smell

o Touch – haptic / force feedback– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_technology

Virtual Reality senses: Touch


55 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~vikash/Hddn.html

Haptic glove - touch


http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~vikash/Hddn.html


https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/141790329/araig-as-real-

as-it-gets/

Multisensory suit prototype


https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/141790329/araig-as-real-as-it-gets/


Screenshot from http://www.virtuix.com/

Movement interface «Omni»




II. History

III. Effect

IV. Components


Outline


59 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from http://www.slate.com/



o Generated environment

real-time 3D graphics, sound

o Affect senses

Input/output devices

o Interaction

Interfaces and navigation

o Immersion

Scenario and task

Components: properties



Components: basics

Output device

Image generator

Input device

Oculus

PC



o Keyboard and mouse

o Joysticks and gamepads

o Position sensors

o Orientation sensors

o Force feedback/smart gloves

o Exoskeletons and suits

o Motion capture

o Brain activity sensors

Components: Input devices



o Video: monitors, projectors, helmets

o Audio: speakers, earphones

o Touch: force feedback gloves, suits

o Smell and taste?

o Additional senses (balance, temperature,

time, etc.)

o Artificial senses

Components: Output devices



o Real time, >25 frames/s

o Latency < 50 ms (performance, input)

o Large volumes of data (memory)

o 3D graphics, highest quality with given FPS

o High-speed Internet

o Price?

Components: requirements




II. History

III. Effect

IV. Components


Outline


66 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Photo from https://medium.com/



Software market 2013 = US$407.3 bln + 4.8%

per year



Software market 2013 = US$407.3 bln + 4.8%

per year

+80 /+100%



Major application areas

o Military / defense

o Medicine / health

o Entertainment / games

o Industry– Communication / teleconferencing

– Education / training

– Collaborative work

Application

Inspired by http://www.explainthatstuff.com/virtualreality.html


70 http://mikhailfominykh.com/Future Immersive Training Environment_(FITE)


71 http://mikhailfominykh.com/nccastaff.bournemouth.ac.uk


http://nccastaff.bournemouth.ac.uk/xyang/Publication.htm

72 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://www.roadtovr.com/


73 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://www.cobrasimulation.com/


74 http://mikhailfominykh.com/http://www.esi-group.com/



http://www.uni-weimar.de/de/medien/professuren/vr/research/display-

systems/c1x6-a-stereoscopic-six-user-display/



Q&A

[email protected]

http://www.mikhailfominykh.com/

http://slideshare.net/mfominykh/

Mikhail Fominykh, PhD

Molde University College, Norway

Volga State University of Technology, Russia

Europlan UK ltd., United Kingdom
