introduction to the hippocampus the hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and...

13

Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection of brain structures located on the inner border of the neocortex that process olfactory information, regulate emotion and encode memory.

Post on 21-Dec-2015

217 views

Category:

Documents

0 download

Report

Download

Tags:

Embed Size (px):

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Introduction to the Hippocampus

The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection of brain structures located on the inner border of the neocortex that process olfactory information, regulate emotion and encode memory.

Page 2: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Why “Hippocampus”?

The basis for the name is unclear, but human hippocampus bears a resemblance to a seahorse.

Page 3: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

More Nomenclature

The hippocampus is also called Ammon’s Horn (cornu ammonis), after the Egyptian god Ammon (Amun) Ra, who was often depicted with ram’s horns.

Depiction of Ammon Ammon’s Horn, seen from the top of the brain

Page 4: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Hippocampus: Rodent versus Man

The volume of the human hippocampus is about 100 times larger than a rat’s, and about 10 times larger than a monkey’s.

Page 5: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Structure of the Hippocampus

• Basic structure preserved across species• Hippocampal formation

consists of two regions:– Dentate gyrus– Hippocampus proper

Page 6: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Subdivisions of the Hippocampus: the CA (Cornus Ammonis) Fields

Page 7: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Two Types of Principle CellsHippocampal Pyramidal Neuron

Dentate Granule Cell

Page 8: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Structure of the Dentate Gyrus

Stratum moleculare:

Outer 2/3 receives input from entorhinal cortex

Inner 1/3 receives input from CA3

Stratum granulosum

Dentate hilus

Page 9: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Structure of CA3

sl-m

Stratum lacunosum-moleculare:receives afferents from entorhinal cortex

Stratum radiatum:receives afferents from CA3 (ipsi & contra)

Stratum pyramidale

Stratum oriens:receives afferents from CA3 (ipsi & contra)

Stratum lucidum:receives mossy fiber input from dentate gyrus

Page 10: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Structure of CA1

Stratum lacunosum-moleculare:receives afferents from entorhinal cortex

Stratum radiatum:receives afferents from CA3 (ipsi & contra)

Stratum pyramidale

Stratum oriens:receives afferents from CA3 (ipsi & contra)

Page 11: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Basic Hippocampal Connections

Page 12: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Modulatory Inputs to Hippocampus

Attention Mood Reward Novelty

Page 13: Introduction to the Hippocampus The hippocampus is the most important (i.e., most obvious and interesting looking) structure in the limbic system, a collection

Hippocampal Output

Originally proposed to play a role in control of emotion; likely also involve in memory storage

:

Neural correlates of socio-emotional perception in 22q11.2 ......been related to emotion processing, mainly including the limbic system (amygdala, anterior hippocampus, an-terior insula,

C. Basic Anatomical Structureselearning.kocw.net/.../2015/honam/limkyoungyuel/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · The Limbic System A set of brain structures: the hippocampus, amygdalae, anterior

Web viewUse the word bank below to label the structures of the brain. ... Pons. Hippocampus* Reticular Formation. Pituitary Gland* Cerebral Cortex (* = part of limbic system

Brain regions Neural systems interact The limbic system Number of brain structures connected to hypothalmus Includes hippocampus & amygdala

Review Stress Response Life- stressor Perceive as a threat ALARM—Hippocampus (leads to an emotion) SEAT OF EMOTIONS- Limbic System (…physical response)

2 Limbic System Limbic lobe Hippocampal formatiom Hipocampus

Dennis Marikis. Many brain areas are involved in emotions Limbic system Sapolsky(2004) and Damasio(2010) Amygdala and sensitivity Hippocampus

Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758) · 2019-11-04 · Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758) Por José García Casanova . El caballito de mar [Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus,

Cerebral Cortex Structure, Function, Dysfunction. Cortex Dental 2012.ppt.pdf · Limbic System (not a true lobe) involves •Cingulate gyrus - affect, pain, memory •Hippocampus-

Physiology of Loveremains stable in order to survive. The limbic system is primarily made up of the hypothalamus, hippocampus, ... Love is, undeniably, a nutritional need for all humans

Sistemul limbic

Disclosures Pharmacology Review and Update 2016 · • MRI shows volume of hippocampus decreased in patients with depression and PTSD •Atrophy in the hippocampus most significant

Neuro Revision Emily Hodgson. LIMBIC SYSTEM Mamillary bodies Ant. Nucleus of thalamus Cingulate gyrus Parahippocampal gryus Hippocampus Entorrhinal

Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint - Masarykova univerzita · Limbic system – classic ... gyrus parahippocampalis hippocampus ncl. mamillaris uli tr. mammilo-thalamicus fornix . RECENT

Anatomy of Section 1: the Nervous Systempages.ucsd.edu/.../pdf-files/SU19-COGS17-01-Section-Lexi-Neuroanatom… · Limbic System Motivation and emotions Hippocampus: formation of

THE LIMBIC SYSTEM - Anatomický ústav 1. LF UK · LIMBIC SYSTEM Limbic cortex = g. cinguli + g. parahippocampalis + hippocampal formation (gyrus dentatus, hippocampus, subiculum)

Alcohol Awareness: Rodeo Rundown!Alcohol Awareness: Rodeo Rundown! What about Alcohol? Cerebral Cortex Hippocampus Limbic System Cerebellum Hypothalamus Medulla • RESULT OF DRINKING

Limbic encephalitis

Limbic system- BasalForebrain-Amygdalazlab.rutgers.edu/classes/behaviorCogNeuro/AMY-BF-HIP.pdf · The limbic system consists of the limbic lobe and deep-lying structures. A: the limbic

LIMBIC presentation - Branding-Institute · Limbic System Illustration: the parts of the human brain Limbic system The human brain is steered by the limbic instructions The limbic

The Amygdala part of the limbic system (with the hippocampus and hypothalamus) amygdala = “almond” processes emotional significance of stimuli and generates