introduction to sociology aging and health. the world’s population is getting older american...
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INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
AGING AND HEALTH
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THE WORLD’S POPULATION IS GETTING OLDER American children born in 1990 have a life
expectancy of 78 years (Natl. Center for Health Statistics-07)
2000 yrs ago, the average newborn Roman baby could expect to live to the age of 22
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The Population is Aging
In 1800 the average person’s chance of living to the age of 100 was roughly 1 in 20 million-today it’s 1 in 50
By 2030 there will be more elderly people than young people in the U.S.
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The Population is Aging
The young-old(65-74)
The old-old (75-84)
The oldest-old (85 and older)
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What is Aging??
Sociologically aging is the combination of biological, psychological and social processes that affect people as they grow older
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Biological Aging
Biological aging typically means things like: declining vision Hearing loss Wrinkles Decline of muscle mass/accumulation of fat Drop in cardiovascular efficiency
***These changes can be offset in part by health, diet and exercise
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Psychological Aging
These effects are much less well established than physical effects
We assume memory, learning, intelligence, skills and motivation decline but this is a more complex issue
Memory and learning ability don’t decline significantly until very late in life although speed of recall may slow
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Social Aging
Refers to the norms, values and roles that are culturally associated with a chronological age
These ideas differ from society to society and change over time
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Functionalist theories of aging
Disengagement theory-it is functional for society to remove people from their traditional roles when they become elderly
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Activity Theory
Elderly people who are busy and engaged, can be functional for society; the elderly can best serve society by being active
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Conflict theory and Aging The elderly can be
seen as competing with the young for increasingly scarce resources
Among the elderly, those who fare worse economically are women, low-income folks and “minorities”
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Symbolic Interactionist perpectives and Aging
We modify our behavior through the life course-we adapt to the changing expectations of our culture
Continuity theory- older adults can substitute satisfying new roles for those they’ve lost.
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ageism
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HIV DISEASE –PG 502