introduction to printing industry
DESCRIPTION
Printing methods and workflow in the printing industryTRANSCRIPT
Introdution
to printing
industry
Printed media
• Conventional printing methods
• Offset
• sheet-fed, heatset, coldset
• Gravure
• Flexo
• Letterpress
• Silk screen
• Others
• Digital printing methods
• Laser (electro photography)
• Ink jet
• Others
Products
XXNewspapers
XXXBooks
XXXPackages,
wrappers
XXXXXDirect marketing
XX
Brochures,
annual reports
etc.
XXXMagazines,
catalogues
Colds
et
Heats
et
Sheet-
fed
DigiFlexoGravu-
re
Offset
Placement of printing methods
100 1 000 10 000 100 000 1 000 000 10 000 000
Run length
Qu
ality
Lo
wM
ed
ium
Hig
h
Ink-jet
Electro photo-
graphy
GravureHeatset offsetSheet-fed offset
Workflow in printing industry
• File formats
• Layout programs: Adobe InDesign, PageMaker, Quark Xpress• Design programs: Adobe Illustrator, Macromedia Freehand• PDF• Pictures: TIFF, JPG, EPS all in either RGB or CMYK• Office programs: Word, PowerPoint NOT recommended!
Ad agencies
Publisher
Companiesand others
PrinterPrinter’s repro dep.
Finishing
Repro company- scanning
- page assembly
- proofing
- colour correction
and conversion
etc…
- imposition
landscape
camera
RGB image
conversion in e.g. in
Photoshop
CMYK image
printing
PDF/publishing
software
CTP
proofing
proof
Image creation
• Images from
• Digital camera
• RGB
• Image banks
• RGB/CMYK
• Conventional camera
• Needs scanning � RGB
• Done usually at repro
• RGB is a device dependent colour space
• red, green and blue
• used for digital images or for colour displays
• eg. scanners and digital cameras operate in RGB space
• CMYK is a device dependent colour space
• cyan, magenta, yellow and black
• used for four-colour prints
Color conversion and correction
• Color conversion
• Changing colour space from RGB to CMYK
• Can be done e.g. by Photoshop or workflow programs
• Needs ICC-profile
• Color correction
• Can be done with RGB or CMYK images
• Changing image white balance etc.
• Correcting image faults (scars etc..)
• Done usually at repro
RGB
image
conversion in
e.g. in
PhotoshopCMYK
image
Page assembly and figures
• Figures i.e vector graphics
• drawings made with
• Adobe Illustrator
• Freehand
• Page assembly
• Combining text, images and figures using
• Adobe InDesign
• Quark Xpress
• (Pagemaker)
• Creating A4 (A3) PDF's
Imposition and plate making
• Imposition
• Done usually at the printer
• Depends on what press is used
• 16/32/48/64 pages
• Special software used
• Plate making
• From imposition layout
Publishing industry - costs
Publishing~50%
Printing~40%
Distri-bution~10%
Paper~45%
Production~45%
Other ~10%
Payed by:
Readers Advertisers
30-70% 70-30%