introduction to osh management
TRANSCRIPT
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 1/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB
"#$%&'()$*&# $& +,-
./#/0121#$
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 2/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7 &4 C:
!"#$A</+D0 &'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+"#$%&'()$*&# $& +))(5/$*&#/6 ,/41$7 /#' -1/6$8
9&57%*08$ : ;<=> ?1*061 ,/41$7 ?%&(5@ "#)A
B& 5&%$*&# &4 $8*C $1D$ 2/7 E1 %15%*#$1' 4&% &$81% $8/# 51%C&#/6 (C1A F#7 )&221%)*/6 (C1 &4
$8*C '&)(21#$ *C C$%*)$67 4&%E*''1#A
9&#$/)$ +,-F)/'127 $& /%%/#01 4&% (C1 /C / $%/*#*#0 '&)(21#$A
G8*C C$('7 0(*'1 *C '1C*0#1' $& E1 %1H*1I1' &44J6*#1 /C / $&&6 4&% 5%15/%/$*&# $& C())1CC4(667
)&2561$1 +,-F)/'127 9&(%C1 K<<A
L1/' 1/)8 2&'(61@ /#CI1% $81 M(*N M(1C$*&#C@ /#' C(E2*$ $81 M(*N M(1C$*&#C *#1 $8%&(08
$81 )&(%C1 I1E5/01A O&( )/# 5%*#$ $81 5&C$JM(*N %1C5&#C1 C)%11# I8*)8 I*66 )&#$/*# $81 )&%%1)$
/#CI1%C $& $81 M(1C$*&#CA
G81 4*#/6 1D/2 I*66 )&#C*C$ &4 M(1C$*&#C '1H16&51' 4%&2 $81 )&(%C1 )&#$1#$ /#' 2&'(61 M(*NN1CA
P1 8&51 7&( 1#Q&7 $81 )&(%C1 /#' *4 7&( 8/H1 /#7 M(1C$*&#C@ 4116 4%11 $& 12/*6 &% )/66R
+,-F)/'127
=S=T BP F2E1%061# 3/%UI/7@ ,(*$1 V<<
W1/H1%$&#@ +%10&# SK<<X
IIIA&C8/$%/*#A&%0
*#C$%()$&%Y&C8/$%/*#A&%0
Z=A[[[AXX[AS<KS
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 3/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 : &4 C:
!"#$%#$&
9&(%C1 "#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K
./#/0121#$\C L1C5&#C*E*6*$7 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K
,/41$7 *C C2/%$ E(C*#1CC] AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K
P87 C8&(6' I1 1258/C*N1 I&%U56/)1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K
?1$$*#0 ,$/%$1' AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [
.&'(61 =R G&5 ./#/0121#$ 9&22*$21#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S
?1$$*#0 G&5 ./#/0121#$ 9&22*$21#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S
G81 TJ3\C *# / ,/41$7 ./#/0121#$ ,7C$12 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S
P87 '& 2/#/01%C 2/U1 / )&22*$21#$ $& C/41$7^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S
_(64*66*#0 $81 C&)*/6 *251%/$*H1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S
_(64*66*#0 $81 4*C)/6 *251%/$*H1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =<
_(64*66*#0 $81 610/6 *251%/$*H1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =<
"$\C / M(1C$*&# &4 61/'1%C8*5 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =<
G&(08J)&1%)*H1 61/'1%C8*5 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ==
G&(08J)&#$%&66*#0 61/'1%C8*5 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =;
G&(08J)/%*#0 61/'1%C8*5 2&'16 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =;
L1/)$*H1 HCA 3%&/)$*H1 ,/41$7 ,$%/$10*1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =X
W1 E(C*#1CC C2/%$AAAE1 5%&/)$*H1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =X
?&/6C /#' &EQ1)$*H1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =X
`441)$*H1 %1)&221#'/$*&#C '1C)%*E1 )&C$C /#' E1#14*$C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =[
36/# $81 I&%U@ I&%U $81 56/# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA =S
.&'(61 = a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;<
.&'(61 ;R b/E&% /#' ./#/0121#$ F))&(#$/E*6*$7 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;=
"#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;=
P8/$ *C F))&(#$/E*6*$7^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;=
G81 ,*D `6121#$C &4 /# `441)$*H1 F))&(#$/E*6*$7 ,7C$12 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;;
`6121#$ =R _&%2/6 ,$/#'/%'C &4 31%4&%2/#)1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;;
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 4/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 E &4 C:
`6121#$ ;R F'1M(/$1 L1C&(%)1C /#' 3C7)8&C&)*/6 ,(55&%$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;>
`6121#$ >R F ,7C$12 &4 31%4&%2/#)1 .1/C(%121#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;>
`6121#$ VR F556*)/$*&# &4 `441)$*H1 9&#C1M(1#)1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;V
GI& E/C*) )/$10&%*1C &4 )&#C1M(1#)1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;T
,&&#@ 91%$/*#@ ,*0#*4*)/#$@ /#' ,*#)1%1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;X
`6121#$ TR F55%&5%*/$1 F556*)/$*&# &4 9&#C1M(1#)1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;[
P8/$ /%1 $81 )%*$1%*/ 4&% /55%&5%*/$1 )&#C1M(1#)1C^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;[
F%1 )&#C1M(1#)1C Q(C$*4*1'^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ;S
`6121#$ XR 9&#$*#(&(C `H/6(/$*&# &4 $81 F))&(#$/E*6*$7 ,7C$12A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >=
`H/6(/$*#0 4&% F))&(#$/E*6*$7 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >;
P8&\C /))&(#$/E61 4&% I8/$^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >;
P81# /%1 #10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C /55%&5%*/$1^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >;
b/C$ P&%'C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >V
.&'(61 ; a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >T
.&'(61 >R 256&711 "#H&6H121#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >K
"#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >K
,())1CC4(6 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C %1M(*%1 C2/%$ 2/#/0121#$ /#' C$%� 61/'1%C8*5 AAAAAAAAAAAA >[
L1)&0#*$*&# /#' %1I/%'C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >S
G81 E*0 C1)%1$R "$\C #&$ I8/$ 7&( %1I/%' I*$8AAA*$\C I8/$ 7&( %1I/%' AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA >S
L1/)$*H1 C/41$7 *#)1#$*H1 5%&0%/2C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA V<
3%&/)$*H1 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA V=
"#$10%/$1 $81 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA V;
3%&/)$*H1 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C $8/$ I&%U AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA V;
.&'(61 > a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA VV
.&'(61 VR `441)$*H1 9&22(#*)/$*&#CAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA VX
"#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA VX
F 2&C$ *25&%$/#$ %1C5&#C*E*6*$7] AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA V[
.&'(61 V a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T<
.&'(61 TR -/N/%' "'1#$*4*)/$*&# /#' 9&#$%&6 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T;
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 5/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 F &4 C:
"#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T;
+cAAAC& I8/$\C / 8/N/%'^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T;
b&&U /%&(#'AAAI8/$ '& 7&( C11^AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T;
9&#$%&66*#0 `D5&C(%1 J G81 -*1%/%)87 &4 9&#$%&6C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T;
G81 _*H1 P&%U56/)1 -/N/%' 9/$10&%*1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA T>
./$1%*/6C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TV
`M(*521#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TV
`#H*%#$AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TV
31&561 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TT
,7C$12 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TT
GI& *'1#$*4*)/$*&# /#' )&#$%&6 C$%/$10*1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TT
P8/$\C $81 2/Q&% I1/U#1CC &4 $81 C/41$7 *#C51)$*&#^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TX
,&@ I8/$\C $81 C&6($*&#^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TK
c17 3%*#)*561 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TK
G81 2*CC*#0 0(/%'%/*6 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA TS
.&'(61 T a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X<
.&'(61 XR "#)*'1#$ /#' F))*'1#$ "#H1C$*0/$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X;
"#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X;
_*D $81 C7C$12 #&$ $81 E6/21] AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X;
F))*'1#$C Q(C$ 8/551#AAA'&#\$ $817^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X;
"#)*'1#$ /#' F))*'1#$ '14*#1' AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X>
36/# $81 I&%UAAAI&%U $81 56/#] AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA X>
,)1#/%*& AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XV
d(C$ $81 4/)$C@ 2/\/2AAAQ(C$ $81 4/)$C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XV
P8/$ 8/551#1' #1D$^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XT
P8/$ )/(C1' $81 /))*'1#$^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XX
,(%4/)1 )/(C1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XX
L&&$ )/(C1C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XX
G*21 $& L15&%$ _*#'*#0C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XK
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 6/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 G &4 C:
.&'(61 X a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA XS
.&'(61 KR ,/41$7 `'()/$*&# /#' G%/*#*#0 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K=
"#$%&'()$*&# AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K=
G81 W*0 3*)$(%1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K=
P8/$ /%1 $81 +,-F $%/*#*#0 %1M(*%121#$C^AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K=
W17&#' +,-F )&256*/#)1 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K;
P87 *C 1'()/$*&# C& *25&%$/#$^ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K>
"$\C /66 /E&($ e,8&I /#' G166e AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA K>
F ,*2561 ,1H1#J,$15 +#JG81Jd&E G%/*#*#0 f+dGg 3%&)1CC AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KV
.&'(61 K a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KK
.&'(61 [R G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7 ./#/0121#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KS
F B1H1% `#'*#0 ,$&%7 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KS
a(/6*$7 /#' ,/41$7R 3/%$#1%C *# 5%&'()$*H*$7 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KS
G81 ,81I8/%$hi12*#0 97)61 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KS
P8/$ *C G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ./#/0121#$ fGa.g AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [<
G81 )8/25*&#C &4 G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7 ./#/0121#$ AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [<
i12*#0\C _&(%$11# 3&*#$C F556*1' $& G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [=
9&251$*$*H1 C/41$7 *#)1#$*H1 5%&0%/2C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [K
W%*#0*#0 2/#/0121#$ /#' 6/E&% $&01$81% AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [K
b/C$ I&%'C AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S=
.&'(61 [ a(*N AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA S;
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 7/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 , &4 C:
!"#$%& ()*$"+#,*-")
./)/0&1&)*2% 3&%4")%-5-6-*7
F))&%'*#0 $& $81 +,-F F)$ 1H1%7 1256&71% 8/C / 610/6 &E6*0/$*&# $& 4(%#*C8 1256&721#$ fI&%Ug
/#' / 56/)1 &4 1256&721#$ fI&%U56/)1g 4%11 4%&2 U#&I# 8/N/%'C $8/$ )&(6' )/(C1 C1%*&(C*#Q(%7 &% '1/$8A
G8*C )&(%C1 *C '1C*0#1' $& 0*H1 7&( C&21 *'1/C $& 8165 211$ $8/$ &E6*0/$*&# /#' /5567 1441)$*H1
2/#/0121#$ 5%*#)*561C $& $81 4(#)$*&# &4 I&%U56/)1 C/41$7A G81 (6$*2/$1 0&/6 *C $& 8165 7&(
(#'1%C$/#' $81C1 5%*#)*561C C& $8/$ *$ /441)$C 7&(% $8*#U*#0@ E16*14C@ '1)*C*&# /#' 4*#/667 7&(%
/)$*&#C $& *25%&H1 7&(% )&25/#7\C C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 /#' 61/'1%C8*5 )(6$(%1A
8/9&*7 -% %1/$* 5#%-)&%%:
"4 7&( I/#$ $& %1'()1 $81 )&C$C /#' %*CUC /CC&)*/$1' I*$8 I&%U56/)1 *#Q(%*1C@ *66#1CC1C /#'
4/$/6*$*1C@ 7&( C8&(6' 56/)1 /C 2()8 1258/C*C &# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 *# 7&(% I&%U56/)1 /C 7&( '&
&# &$81% 2/#/0121#$ *CC(1C C()8 /C 5%&'()$*&#@ C/61C@ $%/#C5&%$/$*&# /#' M(/6*$7 )&#$%&6A G81
&6' 58%/C1@ e,/41$7 _*%C$e@ 2/7 C&(#' #*)1@ E($ *# %1/6*$7@ C/41$7 *C 2&%1 1441)$*H1 *4 *$\C $8&(08$
$& E1 / 5%*&%*$7A "# / 8*0867 )&251$*$*H1 1#H*%#$ 5%*&%*$*1C )/# )8/#01 %/5*'67A G& C(%H*H1@ /
)&25/#7 2(C$ E&$8 5%&'()1 /#' E1 C/41A G(%# C/41$7 *#$& / )&%1 H/6(1 $8/$ #1H1% )8/#01CA
98/#01 e,/41$7 _*%C$e $& e,/41$7 +#67Ae
e,/41$7 +#67e 1258/C*N1C $81 *'1/ $8/$ *$\C 4*#1 $& 5%&'()1 /C 8/%' /#' 4/C$ /C 7&( )/#@ /C 6�
/C 7&( )/# '& *$ C/4167A -*08 5%&'()$*H*$7 *C '1C*%1'@ E($ *4 / C/41$7 8/N/%' &% 5%/)$*)1 *C
'*C)&H1%1' $8/$ 2*08$ )/(C1 C1%*&(C 587C*)/6 8/%2 &% '1/$8@ *$ C8&(6' E1 )&%%1)$1'*221'*/$167@ 1H1# *4 $8/$ 21/#C C8($$*#0 '&I# 5%&'()$*&#A G8/$\C )&22*$21#$ $& C/41$7]
;<7 %<"#6+ =& &14</%->& ="$?46/,& %/9&*7 /)+ <&/6*<@
,*2561@ *$ U115C 51&561 C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6@ /#' *$ '1)%1/C1C $81 6�J$1%2 )&C$C &4 '&*#0
E(C*#1CCA W($ 2/U1 C(%1 7&(% )&25/#7 *C 1258/C*N*#0 /))*'1#$ 5%1H1#$*&# %/$81% $8/# 6&CC
)&#$%&6A F))*'1#$ 5%1H1#$*&# *C / 5%&/)$*H1 /55%&/)8 I8*61 6&CC )&#$%&6 $1#'C $& E1 2()8 2&%1
%1/)$*H1A O&(\66 61/%# 2&%1 /E&($ $8*C 6/$1%A
"# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8@ 7&( )/# 5/7 #&I &% 5/7 6/$1%A "$\C C2/%$ $& 5/7 4&% C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 E14&%1/# /))*'1#$ &))(%CA _&% 1H1%7 5%&/)$*H1 '&66/% C51#$ 5%1H1#$*#0 I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$C@ 2/#7
2&%1 /%1 C/H1' *# '*%1)$h*#'*%1)$ /))*'1#$ )&C$CA
_&% 1H1%7 %1/)$*H1 '&66/% C51#$ &# $81 '*%1)$ )&C$C &4 / I&%U1%\C *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CC@ 2()8 2&%1 *C
C51#$ $& )&H1% $81 *#'*%1)$ /#' (#U#&I# )&C$C /CC&)*/$1' I*$8 $81 *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CCA
L1/' 2&%1 &# '*%1)$@ *#'*%1)$ /#' (#U#&I# /))*'1#$ )&C$CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 8/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 H &4 C:
A&**-)0 8*/$*&+
,$('7 $81 C1H1# U17 16121#$C &4 /# 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2 )&H1%1' *# $8*C
)&(%C1@ /#' )&21 (5 I*$8 / 56/# $& C(*$ 7&(% *#'*H*'(/6 I&%U56/)1A
i1)*'1 1D/)$67 I8/$ 7&( I/#$ $& /))&256*C8@ /#' '1$1%2*#1 I8/$ C$15C /%1 #1)1CC/%7
$& /)8*1H1 7&(% 0&/6CA
,&21 &4 $81 16121#$C 2/7 /6%1/'7 1D*C$@ #11'*#0 C 2*#&% )8/#01C $& 2/U1 $812
2&%1 1441)$*H1A
B1D$@ 56/# 8&I /#' I81# 1/)8 C$15 I*66 E1 )/%%*1' &($ /#' I8& I*66 '& *$A "4 7&(%
)&25/#7 8/C / C/41$7 )&22*$$11@ *$C 212E1%C )/# E1 / 0%1/$ 8165 *# $8*C 144&%$A
3($ $81 56/# *# I%*$*#0A "$\C C2/%$ $& 5($ 7&(% 56/# *# I%*$*#0 C& 1H1%7 )/# %1/' *$ /#'
01$ *#H&6H1'A
+,-F 8/C '1H16&51' / ,/41$7 /#' -1/6$8 3%&0%/2 F'H*C&% $8/$ I*66 8165 7&( /#/67N1 /#'
1H/6(/$1 7&(% &%0/#*N/$*&#\C C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A P1 1#)&(%/01 7&( $& (C1$8*C %1C&(%)1A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 9/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 C &4 C:
."+#6& BC D"4 ./)/0&1&)* !"11-*1&)*
A&**-)0 D"4 ./)/0&1&)* !"11-*1&)*
"$ *C 1CC1#$*/6 $& $81 C())1CC &4 7&(% )&25/#7\C C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2 $8/$ $&5
2/#/0121#$ '12&#C$%/$1C #&$ C /# *#$1%1C$@ E($ / 6� $1%2 C1%*&(C )&22*$21#$ $&
5%&$1)$ 1H1%7 1256&711 4%&2 *#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CC &# $81 Q&EA W($@ *4 7&( $8*#U 7&( '&#\$ 8/H1 $8/$
61H16 &4 )&22*$21#$@ 8&I '& 7&( 01$ *$^ L1/6 )&22*$21#$ '&1C#\$ Q(C$ /551/% &($ &4 $8*# /*%A
P8/$ *C $81 C1)%1$^
D<& EFG2% -) / 8/9&*7 ./)/0&1&)* 87%*&1
./#/0121#$ )&22*$21#$ $& C/41$7 I*66 &))(% $& $81 1D$1#$ 1/)8 2/#/01% )61/%67 (#'1%C$/#'C
$81 5&C*$*H1 E1#14*$C '1%*H1' 4%&2 $81*% 144&%$A j#'1%C$/#'*#0 $81 E1#14*$C I*66 )%1/$1 / C$%�
'1C*%1 $& *25%&H1 $81 )&25/#7\C C/41$7 )(6$(%1A ./#/01%C I*66 *#H1C$ C1%*&(C $*21 /#' 2
*#$& 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ E7 '1H16&5*#0 I8/$ " )/66 $81 eTJ3\Ce I*$8*# / C/41$7
2/#/0121#$ C7C$12R
3%&0%/2C
3&6*)*1C
36/#C
3%&)1CC1C@ /#'
3%&)1'(%1C
./#/01%C I*66 /6C& '*C56/7 61/'1%C8*5 $8%&(08 1441)$*H1 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 /#' %1)&0#*$*&# &4
E18/H*&%C /#' %1C(6$CA .&%1 &# $81C1 $&5*)C 6/$1%]
;<7 +" 1/)/0&$% 1/?& / ,"11-*1&)* *" %/9&*7@
!"#$%&'() #+, ,-"' ./0 "%/'& -/,% '"#$%&'' ).1',& 1%( %/' %( "%(' 2.)-3 ('.)%/)4
H#69-66-)0 *<& %",-/6 -14&$/*-I&
G8*C C$%/$107 *C $81 2&C$ 1441)$*H1 *# $81 6� $1%2A G81C1 2/#/01%C 8/H1 )&21 $& $81
%1/6*N/$*&# $8/$ 6�J$1%2 )&%5&%/$1 C(%H*H/6 '151#'C &# 2&%1 $8/# 2/D*2*N*#0 C8&%$J$1%2
5%&4*$CA G817 I*66 H/6(1 /#' $/5 *#$& $81 *#)%1'*E61 )%1/$*H1 5&$1#$*/6 &4 1/)8 1256&711@ 4%&2
Q/#*$&% $& 5%1C*'1#$A G81C1 2/#/01%C I*66 /55%1)*/$1 $81 *#81%1#$ H/6(1 &4 1/)8 1256&711@ #&$
Q(C$ /C / I&%U1%@ E($ /C / )&%5&%/$1 e4/2*67e 212E1%A G817 /6C& H/6(1 $81 %&61C 1/)8 &4 $81*%
1256&711C 4(64*66C /I/7 4%&2 I&%U /C 2&$81%C@ 4/$81%C@ )&/)81C@ 81651%C@ 1$)A ,/41$7 *C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 10/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9- &4 C:
51%)1*H1' / )&%1 )&%5&%/$1 H/6(1 $8/$ '&1C #&$ )8/#01 I81# $81 0&*#0 01$C $&(08A P81#
2/#/01%C H/6(1 C/41$7 /$ $8*C 61H16@ $817 #/$(%/667 1256&7 $81 #1D$ $I& C$%/$10*1CA
H#69-66-)0 *<& 9-%,/6 -14&$/*-I&
G8*C C$%/$107 )/# E1 M(*$1 1441)$*H1A ./#/01%C I8& /%1 2&$*H/$1' $& *#H1C$ *# C/41$7
(#'1%C$/#' $81 4*#/#)*/6 E1#14*$C '1%*H1' 4%&2 1441)$*H1 /556*)/$*&# &4 C/41$7 5%&0%/2CA G81
5%*2/%7 %1/C&# 4&% e'&*#0 C/41$7e C8*4$C *C $& 2/D*2*N*#0 5%&4*$CA G81 0&/6 *C $& 4(64*66 $81
&E6*0/$*&# $& C$/U18&6'1%C $& &51%/$1 $81 E(C*#1CC *# / 4*C)/667 5%('1#$ 2/##1%A G81C1
2/#/01%C I*66 '& I8/$1H1% #11'C $& E1 ' 5%&/)$*H167 &% %1/)$*H167 $& C/H1 &# '*%1)$ /#'
*#'*%1)$ )&C$C &4 /))*'1#$CA ./#/0121#$ 2/7 '*C56/7 / )&22*$21#$ E17&#' 2*#*2(2 610/6
%1M(*%121#$C *4 $817 C11 / 4*#/#)*/6 /'H/#$/01A ,/41$7 *C 2&C$ 6*U167 / 8*08 5%*&%*$7A -&I1H1%@
)&22*$21#$ $& C/41$7 2/7 E1 C(EQ1)$ $& %/5*' )8/#01 I81# $81 0&*#0 01$C $&(08A
H#69-66-)0 *<& 6&0/6 -14&$/*-I&
G8*C *C $81 61/C$ 1441)$*H1 C$%/$107A G81 5%*2/%7 0&/6 4&% 2/#/01%C *C $& 4(64*66 $81 &E6*0/$*&# $&
)&2567 I*$8 +,-F %(61CA ./#/01%C I/#$ $& C$/7 &($ &4 $%&(E61@ C& $817 '& C I8/$ 8/C $& E1
' $& 211$ 2*#*2(2 %1M(*%121#$CA ,/41$7 *C #&$ / 5%*&%*$7 &% H/6(1@ E($ $8&(08$ &4 /C /
E&$81% 2&%1 $8/# /#7$8*#0 16C1R Q(C$ $81 )&C$ &4 '&*#0 E(C*#1CCA ,/41$7 C$%/$10*1C /%1 $75*)/667
%1/)$*H1 E1)/(C1 C/41$7 *C #&$ / 5%&E612 (#61CC $81%1 *C /# /))*'1#$A +,-F 2/7 E1 )&#C*'1%1'
$81 eE/' 0(7e E1)/(C1 2/#/0121#$ '&1C#\$ (#'1%C$/#' 8&I +,-F )/# &441% )&#C(6$/$*&#
C1%H*)1C /C I166 /C 1#4&%)121#$ /)$*H*$*1CA O&( #11' $& E1 4/2*6*/% I*$8 8&I +,-F I&%UC C&
81%1 *C / 6*#U $& $81 +,-F _*16' +51%/$*&#C ./#(/6A "$\C $81 +,-F W*E61 RJg
(*2% / J#&%*-") "9 6&/+&$%<-4
`H1%7 '/7@ 1256&711C@ C(51%H*C&%C /#' 2/#/01%C 8/H1 2/#7 &55&%$(#*$*1C $& )&22(#*)/$1 /#'
/)$ *# I/7C $8/$ '12&#C$%/$1 C/41$7 61/'1%C8*5A j#4&%$(#/$167@ $81C1 &55&%$(#*$*1C 0&
(#/#CI1%1' E1)/(C1 $817 /%1 #&$ C11# /C &55&%$(#*$*1CA 256&71%C /#' 2/#/01% '& #&$
(#'1%C$/#' $8/$ $81 C*2561 1D5%1CC*&# &4 $&(08J)/%*#0 C/41$7 61/'1%C8*5 )/# %1C(6$ *# 1#&%2&(C
E1#14*$CA G81 *#/E*6*$7 $& 51%)1*H1 61/'1%C8*5 &55&%$(#*$*1C /C $817 /%*C1 6*2*$C $81 )&25/#7\C
5&$1#$*/6 $& C())11'A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 11/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 99 &4 C:
"$\C /55%&5%*/$1 $& /CC(21 $8/$ 1256&711C /$ /66 61H16C &4 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&# /%1 0&&' 51&561
$%7*#0 $& '& $81 E1C$ $817 )/# I*$8 I8/$ $817\H1 0&$A G81 5%&E612 *C@ $817 '&#\$ /6I/7C 8/H1 $81
587C*)/6 %1C&(%)1C /#' 5C7)8&C&)*/6 C(55&%$ $& /)8*1H1 $81 U*#' &4 %1C(6$C 1D51)$1' &4 $812A
P87^ j6$*2/$167@ $81 I&%U56/)1 )(6$(%1 2/7 #&$ C(55&%$ 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ /#'
61/'1%C8*5A
G81 I/7 I1 51%)1*H1 eG81 I/7 $8*#0C /%1 /%&(#' 81%1eAAA)/# 1D1%$ / 0%1/$ *#46(1#)1 &#
61/'1%C8*5 C$761CA P1 )/# /CC&)*/$1 $8%11 4(#'/21#$/6 61/'1%C8*5 C$761C $& $81 $8%11
2/#/0121#$ *251%/$*H1C '*C)(CC1' /E&H1A b1$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ $8*C /CC&)*/$*&#A
D"#0<F,"&$,-I& 6&/+&$%<-4
"# $8*C 61/'1%C8*5 /55%&/)8@ 2/#/01%C /%1 $&(08 &# C/41$7 $& 5%&$1)$ $812C16H1CR $& /H&*'
51#/6$*1CA G81 2/#/01%\C /55%&/)8 $& )&#$%&66*#0 51%4&%2/#)1 2/7 5%*2/%*67 %167 &# $81 $8%1/$
&4 5(#*C821#$A G81 &EQ1)$*H1 *C $& /)8*1H1 )&256*/#)1 $& 4(64*66 610/6 &% 4*C)/6 *251%/$*H1CA G81
)(6$(%1 *C 41/%J'%*H1#A ./#/0121#$ %1C&%$C $& /# /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 $8/$ 1258/C*N1C
#10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1CA W7 I8/$ 2/#/01%C '& /#' C/7@ $817 2/7 )&22(#*)/$1 #10/$*H1
21CC/01C $& 1256&711C $8/$ 1C$/E6*C8 &% %1*#4&%)1 #10/$*H1 %16/$*&#C8*5CA -1%1 /%1 C&21
1D/2561C &4 I8/$ / $&(08J)&1%)*H1 61/'1% 2*08$ C/7R
3(#*C821#$ J e"4 " 0& '&I#AAA"\2 $/U*#0 7&( /66 I*$8 21]e f"\H1 81/%' $8*C 27C164]g
3(#*C821#$ J e"4 7&( H*&6/$1 $8*C C/41$7 %(61@ 7&( I*66 E1 4*%1'Ae
3(#*C821#$ J e"4 7&( %15&%$ 8/N/%'C@ 7&( I*66 E1 6/E161' / )&256/*#1%Ae
B10/$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( I&%U /))*'1#$ 4%11@ 7&( I&#\$ E1 4*%1'Ae
FC 7&( 2*08$ 0(1CC@ 41/%J'%*H1# )(6$(%1C@ E7 '14*#*$*&# )/##&$ E1 1441)$*H1 *# /)8*1H*#0 I&%6'J
)6/CC C/41$7 E1)/(C1 1256&711C I&%U f/#' '&#\$ I&%Ug $& /H&*' / #10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1A
`256&711C /#' 2/#/01%C /66 I&%U $& /H&*' 5(#*C821#$A 9&#C1M(1#$67@ 41/%J'%*H1# $8&(08$C@
E16*14C /#' '1)*C*&#C 2/7 E1 '%*H*#0 $81*% E18/H*&%CA W&$$&2J6*#1R / 41/%J'%*H1# C/41$7 )(6$(%1
I*66 #&$ I&%UA "$ )/##&$ E1 1441)$*H1 4&% 1256&711C /#' 2/#/01%C /$ /#7 61H16 &4 $81
&%0/#*N/$*&#A "$ 2/7 E1 C())1CC4(6 *# /)8*1H*#0 )&256*/#)1@ E($ $8/$\C *$A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 12/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 97 &4 C:
D"#0<F,")*$"66-)0 6&/+&$%<-4
./#/01%C /%1 $&(08 &# C/41$7 $& )&#$%&6 6&CC1CA G817 8/H1 8*08 C$/#'/%'C 4&% E18/H*&% /#'
51%4&%2/#)1@ /#' $817 )&#$%&6 /66 /C51)$C &4 I&%U $& 1#C(%1 )&256*/#)1A
G8*C 61/'1%C8*5 2&'16 *C 2&C$ 4%1M(1#$67 1D8*E*$1' *# $81 e$%/'*$*&#/6e 2/#/0121#$ 2&'16A FC
1256&71%C 0/*# 0%1/$1% (#'1%C$/#'*#0@ /$$*$('1C /#' C$%/$10*1C $& 4(64*66 $81*% 610/6 /#' 4*C)/6
*251%/$*H1C *25%&H1A G817 E1)&21 2&%1 1441)$*H1 *# '1C*0#*#0 C/41$7 C7C$12C $8/$ C())1CC4(667
%1'()1 *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1C@ $81%1E7 )($$*#0 5%&'()$*&# )&C$CA G*08$ )&#$%&6 *C #1)1CC/%7 $&
/)8*1H1 #(21%*)/6 0&/6CA 9&22(#*)/$*&# *C $75*)/667 $&5J'&I# /#' *#4&%2/$*&# *C (C1' $&
)&#$%&6A F C/41$7 e'*%1)$&%e *C (C(/667 /55&*#$1' $& /)$ /C / )&5R %1C5&#C*E61 4&% )&#$%&66*#0 $81
C/41$7 4(#)$*&#A
G&(08J)&#$%&66*#0 61/'1%C 2&H1 E17&#' $81 $8%1/$ &4 5(#*C821#$ /C $81 5%*2/%7 C$%/$107 $&
*#46(1#)1 E18/H*&%A -&I1H1%@ $817 I*66 %167 $& / C&21I8/$ 61CC1% 1D$1#$ &# #10/$*H1
%1*#4&%)121#$ /#' 5(#*C821#$ $& *#46(1#)1 E18/H*&%A 3&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ 2/7 /6C& E1 (C1'
/C / )&#$%&66*#0 C$%/$107A G&(08J)&#$%&66*#0 61/'1%C8*5 C$761C 2/7 &% 2/7 #&$ %1C(6$ *# / 41/%J
E/C1' )(6$(%1A `D/2561C &4 I8/$ 7&( 2*08$ 81/% 4%&2 / $&(08J)&#$%&66*#0 61/'1% *#)6('1R
B10/$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( 8/H1 /# /))*'1#$@ 7&(\66 E1 '*C)*56*#1'Ae
B10/$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( '&#\$ 8/H1 /# /))*'1#$@ 7&( I&#\$ 6&C1 7&(% E&#(CAe
3&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( )&2567 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C@ 7&( I*66 E1 %1)&0#*N1'Ae
D"#0<F,/$-)0 6&/+&$%<-4 1"+&6
./#/01%C /%1 $&(08 &# C/41$7 E1)/(C1 $817 8/H1 8*08 1D51)$/$*&#C /#' $817 *#C*C$ $81*%
4&66&I1%C E18/H1@ /#' $817 )/%1 /E&($ $81 C())1CC &4 $81*% 1256&711C 4*%C$A G8*C *C / C164J61CC
61/'1%C8*5 /55%&/)8A
G81 $&(08J)/%*#0 61/'1%C8*5 2&'16 %15%1C1#$C / 2/Q&% C8*4$ *# 61/'1%C8*5 /#' 2/#/0121#$
$8*#U*#0 4%&2 $81 C164*C8 $&(08 )&#$%&66*#0 2&'16A ./#/01%C (#'1%C$/#' $8/$ )&2567*#0 I*$8
$81 6/I@ )&#$%&66*#0 6&CC1C@ /#' *25%&H*#0 5%&'()$*&# )/# E1C$ E1 /CC(%1' *4 1256&711C /%1
2&$*H/$1'@ C/41@ /#' /E61A
./#/0121#$ (#'1%C$/#'C $8/$ $817 )/# E1C$ 4(64*66 $81*% )&22*$21#$ $& 1D$1%#/6 )(C$&21%C E7
4(64*66*#0 $81*% &E6*0/$*&#C $& *#$1%#/6 )(C$&21%CR $81*% 1256&711CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 13/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9: &4 C:
9&22(#*)/$*&# *C $75*)/667 /66JI/7R *#4&%2/$*&# *C (C1' $& C8/%1 C& $8/$ 1H1%7 C())11'CA F
M(/#$(2 61/5 *# 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 f/#' /66 &$81% 4(#)$*&#Cg &))(%C I81# 1256&71%C /'&5$ /
$&(08J)/%*#0 /55%&/)8 $& 61/'1%C8*5A L/$81% $8/# E1*#0 $81 C/41$7 )&5@ $81 C/41$7 2/#/01% *C
%1C5&#C*E61 $& e8165e /66 6*#1 2/#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C e'&e C/41$7A b*#1 2/#/01%C 2(C$ E1 $81
)&5C@ #&$ $81 C/41$7 '15/%$21#$A G8*C %1C(6$C *# '%/2/$*) 5&C*$*H1 )8/#01C *# )&%5&%/$1 )(6$(%1
I8*)8 *C C())1CCJ'%*H1#A
F6$8&(08 5&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ *C $81 5%*2/%7 C$%/$107 (C1' $& *#46(1#)1 E18/H*&%C@ $&(08J
)/%*#0 61/'1%C /%1 #&$ %16()$/#$ *# /'2*#*C$1%*#0 '*C)*56*#1 I81# *$\C Q(C$*4*1' E1)/(C1 $817
(#'1%C$/#' *$ $& E1 / 2/$$1% &4 61/'1%C8*5A -&I1H1%@ E14&%1 $817 '*C)*56*#1@ 2/#/01%C I*66 4*%C$
1H/6(/$1 $81 '10%11 $& I8*)8 $817@ $812C16H1C@ 8/H1 4(64*661' $81*% &E6*0/$*&#C $& $81*%
1256&711CA "4 $817 8/H1 4/*61' *# $8/$ 144&%$@ $817 I*66 /5&6&0*N1 /#' )&%%1)$ $81*% &I# '14*)*1#)7
%/$81% $8/# '*C)*56*#1A P8/$ /%1 7&( 6*U167 $& 81/% 4%&2 / $&(08J)/%*#0 61/'1%^
3&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( )&2567 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C@ %15&%$ *#Q(%*1C /#' 8/N/%'C@ "
I*66 51%C&#/667 %1)&0#*N1 7&(Ae
3&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( 01$ *#H&6H1' *# $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11@ 7&( I*66 E1 2&%1
5%&2&$/E61Ae
3&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ J e"4 7&( C(001C$ /#' 8165 2/U1 *25%&H121#$C@ " I*66 51%C&#/667
%1)&0#*N1 /#' %1I/%' 7&(Ae
O&( )/# *2/0*#1 $8/$ *# / $&(08J)/%*#0 C/41$7 )(6$(%1@ $%(C$ E1$I11# 2/#/0121#$ /#' 6/E&% *C
5%&2&$1' $8%&(08 2($(/6 %1C51)$@ *#H&6H121#$ /#' &I#1%C8*5 *# /66 /C51)$C &4 I&%U56/)1
C/41$7A
5(' &%+ ('.$$& 3%""-,,'06 78%9 "' ,8' ,-"' ./0 "%/'&:
G&5 2/#/0121#$ 2/7 )&22(#*)/$1 $81*% C(55&%$ 4&% C/41$7@ E($ $81 %1/6 $1C$ 4&% )&22*$21#$
*C $81 '10%11 $& I8*)8 2/#/0121#$ /)$C &# $81*% )&22(#*)/$*&# I*$8 C1%*&(C *#H1C$21#$C *#$*21 /#' 2A P81# 2/#/0121#$ 21%167 )&22(#*)/$1C $81*% *#$1%1C$ *# C/41$7@ E($ '&1C
#&$ 4&66&I $8%&(08 I*$8 /)$*&#@ $817 /%1 1D5%1CC*#0 2&%/6 C(55&%$@ #&$ )&22*$21#$A
;'.0'() <', 98., ,8'& <-='>
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 14/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9E &4 C:
L1/6 )&22*$21#$ *C /# 1D5%1CC*&# &4 $&(08J)/%*#0 61/'1%C8*5 E7 1D/2561A "#$10%*$7@ )8/%/)$1%@
/#' '*C)*56*#1 /%1 H/6(1C $8/$ /66 2/#/01%C C11U *# $81*% 1256&711CA `256&711C I*66
'12&#C$%/$1 $81C1 *25&%$/#$ /$$%*E($1C I81# f/#' C I81#g $817 C11 2/#/0121#$
1D8*E*$*#0 $81C1 H/6(1C 4*%C$A ?%1/$ 61/'1%C $%(67 )/%1 /E&($ $8&C1 $817 61/'A P8/$ E1$$1% I/7 $&
'12&#C$%/$1 61/'1%C8*5 $8/# E7 5%&H*'*#0 / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 56/)1 &4 I&%U 4&% /66 1256&711CA
d(C$ 4&&' 4&% $8&(08$R "4 7&(\%1 / 2/#/01% &% C(51%H*C&%@ /CU 7&(%C164@ ei& " %1/667 6*U1 27
51&561^e "4 $81 /#CI1% *C#\$ 71C@ C$/%$ #&I $& %1$8*#U 7&(% &5*#*&# E1)/(C1 *$\C /62&C$
*25&CC*E61 $& '12&#C$%/$1 )/%*#0 61/'1%C8*5 *4 7&( '&#\$ /)$(/667 6*U1 7&(% 51&561A
?@' 38%%)' ,% 8.=' A'(% -/B+(-'): @' 38%%)' ,% 8.=' A'(% -/B+(-') ,8-) 0.& ./0 0% ,8-)C /%,
2'3.+)' -, -) '.)&C 2+, 2'3.+)' -, -) 8.(0C 2'3.+)' ,8., <%.$ 9-$$ )'(=' ,% %(<./-A' ./0 "'.)+('
,8' 2'), %1 %+( '/'(<-') ./0 )D-$$)C 2'3.+)' ,8., 38.$$'/<' -) %/' ,8., 9' .(' 9-$$-/< ,% .33'#,C
%/' 9' .(' +/9-$$-/< ,% #%),#%/'C ./0 %/' 98-38 9' -/,'/0 ,% 9-/C 2'3.+)' 9' 3.(' 1%(
%+()'$=') ./0 %,8'() ,%%:? 7: E.(/8."C 7.1',& F./.<'(C G%/,(.3DC H/,'(/.,-%/.$
F./.<'() <', 98., ,8'& 0')-</>
G817 C/7 e51%)15$*&# *C %1/6*$7Ae "4 7&( 51%)1*H1 / 6/)U &4 $&5 2/#/0121#$ )&22*$21#$ $&
C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8@ I8/$ )/# 0'( '& /E&($ *$^ _*%C$ &4 /66@ $8*#U /E&($ 4*D*#0 $81 C7C$12@ #&$ $81
E6/21A "$\C /66 /E&($ C7C$12 '1C*0#A
"4 2/#/0121#$ *C #&$ '12&#C$%/$*#0 )&22*$21#$ $8%&(08 /)$*&#@ 7&( 8/H1 /# &55&%$(#*$7 $&E1)&21 / U17 56/71% $& 01$ $8*#0C 2&H*#0A P*$8 $81 8165 &4 $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11 7&( )/#
e1'()/$1 (5e $& 8165 2/#/0121#$ 0/*# $81 /66J*25&%$/#$ H*C*&# /#' (#'1%C$/#'*#0 #11'1' $&
5&C*$*H167 /441)$ /$$*$('1C /#' C(EC1M(1#$ E18/H*&%C $8/$ 0*H1 I&%U56/)1 C/41$7 $81 1258/C*C *$
'1C1%H1CA B&I 61$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ I8/$ 7&( )/# '&A
@' /''0 ,% D/%9 98% 9' .(' ,% 2' "%(' '11'3,-=' ., 98., 9' 0%
O&(% 4*%C$ C$15 2/7 E1 M(*$1 C*2561@ 71$ *$ )/# 8/H1 / 2/Q&% 6�J$1%2 *25/)$ &# C/41$7 /#'
81/6$8 *# $81 I&%U56/)1A 3%&5&C1 $8/$ $81 )&25/#7 *#)6('1 $81 )&#)15$ &4 C/41$7 *# $81*% H*C*&#
C$/$121#$ /#' 2*CC*&# C$/$121#$A
G81 H*C*&# C$/$121#$ 61$C $81 1256&711 /#' )(C$&21% U#&I I8& 7&( /%1 E7 '14*#*#0 $81 %&61
7&(% )&25/#7 56/7C /#' I8/$ *$C E/C*) H/6(1C /%1A G81 H*C*&# C$/$121#$ %1461)$C $81 )&%5&%/$1
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 15/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9F &4 C:
)(6$(%1A +#1 I/7 $& (#'1%C$/#' )&%5&%/$1 )(6$(%1 *C $& $8*#U &4 *$ /C $81 )&25/#7\C (#*M(1
e51%C&#/6*$7e C1$$*#0 *$ /5/%$ 4%&2 /66 &$81%CA
I2*2'@ ".<.+D+@.
kOl P*'01$C H/6(1C *$C e%16/$*&#C8*5 I*$8 )(C$&21%e /E&H1 /66A G& E1 C())1CC4(6 I1 $%1/$ /66
1256&711C /C H/6(1' *#$1%#/6 )(C$&21%CA P1 %1C51)$ $81*% *'1/C@ H/6(1 $81*% I&%U@ /#'
5%&H*'1 I8/$1H1% *C #11'1' C& $8/$ $817 2/7 /))&256*C8 1D)1661#)1 *# / C/41J5%&'()$*H1
2/##1%A i&*#0 $8*C 125&I1%C &(% 1256&711C C& $8/$ $817 2/7 2/#*41C$ &(% H/6(1C '/*67 I*$8
&(% 1D$1%#/6 )(C$&21%CA
"$ *C $81 2*CC*&# &4 kOl P*'01$C $& C/4167 2/#(4/)$(%1 /#' '16*H1% $81 8*081C$ M(/6*$7
210/6*$8*) )7E1%I*'01$C $& &(% H/6(1' )(C$&21%C $8%&(08&($ $81 I&%6'A
G81 D2**2'@ *.<.+D+@. $166C $81 I&%6' I8/$ 7&( '& JJ I87 7&(% )&25/#7 1D*C$C@ E7 C$/$*#0 *$C
*#$1#'1' 5(%5&C1A G81 2*CC*&# C$/$121#$ 61$C 1H1%7 U#&I I8/$ 7&(% )&25/#7\C 5%&'()$ &%
C1%H*)1 *Cm I8& *$C )(C$&21%C /%1m I8/$ *$C C1%H*)1 $1%%*$&%7 *CA
"4 7&(% )&25/#7 '&1C#\$ 8/H1 / 2*CC*&# C$/$121#$@ $%7 $& '1H16&5  /#' )&#H*#)1
2/#/0121#$ &4 $81 E1#14*$C $8/$ I*66 %1C(6$ 4%&2 / I%*$$1# 2*CC*&# C$/$121#$A B&I 61$\C $/U1 /
6&&U /$ $I& E/C*) /55%&/)81C 1256&71%C 2/7 /'&5$ *# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2 2/#/0121#$A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 16/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9G &4 C:
3&/,*-I& I%K G$"/,*-I& 8/9&*7 8*$/*&0-&%
I%/J, B+), ('.3, ,% ).1',&
"$\C C/' E($ $%(1 J C&21 )&25/#*1C 8/H1 /'&5$1' /# /55%&/)8 $& C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 $8/$
1258/C*N1C / )+<A.2J+ *.)<.+40A F %1/)$*H1 /55%&/)8 /CC(21C $8/$ /))*'1#$C Q(C$ 8/551#@ /#'
$81%1\C #&$ 2()8 $8/$ )/# E1 ' /E&($ *$A 9&#C1M(1#$67@ $81 )&25/#7 56/)1C 2&C$ &4 *$C
144&%$ *#$& %1/)$*#0 $& /))*'1#$C /4$1% $817 &))(%A F %1/)$*H1 %1C5&#C1 &))(%C <=.+) /# *#Q(%7 &%
*66#1CC /#' (C(/667 8/C $81 5(%5&C1 &4 D2@2D2K2@4 .5+ A'*.* /CC&)*/$1' I*$8 $81 *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CCA
L1/)$*H1 C/41$7 5%&0%/2C /6I/7C )&C$ 2()8 2&%1 $8/# 5%&/)$*H1 5%&0%/2CAAA/6I/7CAAAE1)/(C1
$817 /%1#\$ *256121#$1' (#$*6 /# *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CC 8/C &))(%%1'A P81# 2/#/0121#$ 1258/C*N1C
/ %1/)$*H1 /55%&/)8 $& C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8@ *$ C1#'C $I& #10/$*H1 21CC/01C $& 1256&711C@ f=g I1
'&#\$ )/%1 /E&($ 7&(@ /#' f;g *$\C /66 /E&($ 2@ #&$ 7&(% C/41$7A -1%1 /%1 C&21 1D/2561C &4
%1/)$*H1 C/41$7 5%&0%/2CA
L& 5#%-)&%% %1/$*KKK5& 4$"/,*-I&
F 3)'<A.2J+ *.)<.+40 1258/C*N1C 5%1H1#$*&#R '&*#0 I8/$1H1% *$ $/U1C $& 2/U1 C(%1 /))*'1#$C
#1H1% 8/551# *# $81 I&%U56/)1A G81%1 /%1 #& 1D)(C1C 4&% /# /))*'1#$A F 5%&/)$*H1 %1C5&#C1 $&
C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 *# $81 I&%U56/)1 &))(%C L+=')+ /# /))*'1#$ 8/C &))(%%1'A "$ <@.2A23<.+* /#'
$%*1C $& 5%1H1#$ /))*'1#$CA
W7 1258/C*N*#0 <AA2/+@. 3)[email protected]'@@ 2/#/0121#$ C1#'C / 21CC/01 &4 )/%*#0 $& /66 1256&711CA
3%&/)$*H1 C$%/$10*1C /%1 /6I/7C 61CC 1D51#C*H1 $8/# %1/)$*H1 C$%/$10*1C E1)/(C1 $81 )&25/#7
2/U1C 2@J+*.D+@.* $8/$ %1C(6$ *# 5&$1#$*/667 8(01 %1$(%#CA L1212E1%@ 5%&/)$*H1 5%&0%/2C /%1
*256121#$1' $& 5%1H1#$ 4($(%1 *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1CA -1%1 /%1 C&21 1D/2561C &4 5%&/)$*H1
C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2CA
A"/6% /)+ "5M&,*-I&%
,& #&I 7&( 8/H1 / H*C*&# /#' 2*CC*&# C$/$121#$ '1H16&51'A G81 #1D$ C$15 *C $& $8*#U &4 C&21
3)'<A.2J+ 0&/6C /#' &EQ1)$*H1C $& *25%&H1 7&(% )&25/#7\C C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2A
?&/6C /%1 1/C7 $& I%*$1A G817\%1 #&$8*#0 2&%1 $8/# I*C81CA _&% *#C$/#)1@ / 0&/6 2*08$ E1 $& e01$
1H1%7 $%/*#1'eA -&I1H1%@ &51%/$*&#/6 &EQ1)$*H1C $/U1 / 6*$$61 2&%1 $8&(08$A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 17/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9, &4 C:
+EQ1)$*H1C C8&(6' 8/H1 $81 4&66&I*#0 16121#$C 5%1C1#$R
".<).* M2.5 <@ <A.2'@ J+)LA fi1)%1/C1@ *#)%1/C1@ *25%&H1@ 1$)Ag
"3+A2=2+* < *2@4;+ N+0 )+*(;. $& E1 /))&256*C81'A
?* O(<@.2=2<L;+A jC1C #(2E1%C $& 21/C(%1 / '1C*%1' )8/#01A f*A1A@ T<n *#)%1/C1g
"3+A2=2+* < .<)4+. /<.+ 4&% /))&256*C821#$A
_&% 1D/2561@ &51%/$*&#/6 C/41$7 &EQ1)$*H1C 2*08$ E1 I%*$$1# 6*U1 $8*CR
e"#)%1/C1 $81 #(2E1% &4 C/41$7 C(001C$*&#C $& ;T / 2&#$8 E7 d(67 >=C$Ae
eL1'()1 $81 #(2E1% &4 E/)U *#Q(%*1C *# $81 I/%18&(C1 E7 K<n E7 $81 1#' &4 =SSKAe
L1212E1% $& I&%U I*$8 $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11 $& C8/%1 $81 0&/6C /#' &EQ1)$*H1C I*$8 1H1%7
*# $81 )&25/#7A W7 $81 1#' &4 $8*C )&(%C1 7&( C8&(6' E1 /E61 $& $8*#U &4 2/#7 2&%1 I/7C $&
*#)%1/C1 2/#/0121#$ )&22*$21#$A
K.$D "%/'&::: ,8' 2%,,%" $-/'
-/H1 7&( 1H1% 5%&5&C1' / %1)&221#'/$*&# $& )&%%1)$ / 8/N/%' &% *25%&H1 / 5%&)1'(%1@ C $&
8/H1 *$ 4/66 &# I8/$ /551/%C $& E1 '1/4 1/%C^ +''C /%1@ 2/#/0121#$ )/%1C H1%7 2()8 /E&($
C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 *# $81 I&%U56/)1@ E($ 6*U1 7&(@ $817 /%1 H1%7 E(C7A P81# / E(C7 2/#/01%
%1)1*H1C / %1)&221#'/$*&# 4%&2 $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11@ /#' *$\C 21%167 / H/0(1 J6*#1% 6*U1@
eP1 #11' $& *#C$/66 / #1I 0(/%'%/*6 *# $81 I/%18&(C1@e $81 6*U167 %1C5&#C1 2*08$ E1 $& 5($ *$ &#
$81 E/)U E(%#1%A
i/# 31$1%C1#@ F($8&% &4 ,/41$7 ./#/0121#$R F -(2/# F55%&/)8@ C$/$1C $8/$@ e./#/0121#$ *C
4*%C$ &4 /66 *#$1%1C$1' *# 8&I $81 C/41$7 5%&41CC*&#/6\C *'1/C %16/$1 $& $81 5%&4*$C &4 $81
&%0/#*N/$*&#A G8/$ *C@ I8/$ I*66 2/#/0121#$ 01$ *# %1$(%# 4&% $81 2 *$ *C E1*#0 /CU1' $&
C51#'^ G8(C@ C/41$7 51&561 &(08$ $& E1 '&66/%J&%*1#$1' I81# $/6U*#0 $& 2/#/0121#$A `H1# *4
2/#/0121#$ (#'1%C$/#'C $81 6/#0(/01 &4 4%1M(1#)7 /#' C1H1%*$7 %/$1C@ '&66/% *#'*)/$&%C &(08$
$& E1 (C1' *#C$1/'Ae
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 18/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9H &4 C:
N99&,*-I& $&,"11&)+/*-")% +&%,$-5& ,"%*% /)+ 5&)&9-*%
F))&%'*#0 $& $81 B/$*&#/6 ,/41$7 9&(#)*6@ I81# )&#C*'1%*#0 /66 *#'(C$%*1C #/$*&#/667@ $81 /H1%/01
'*%1)$ /#' *#'*%1)$ )6/*2 )&C$ 4&% / 6&C$ $*21 *#Q(%7 *C &H1% o;[@<<<@ /#' / 4/$/6*$7 /H1%/01C
oS=<@<<<A
"#'*%1)$ )&C$C@ /))&%'*#0 $& $81 B,9 4*0(%1C /E&H1@ /H1%/01 =AXD '*%1)$ )&C$CA -&I1H1%@ *$\C
*25&%$/#$ $& (#'1%C$/#' $8/$ *#'*%1)$ )&C$C 2/7 E1 2()8 8*081%A G8%11 $8*#0C $& %1212E1% *#
I81# 1C$*2/$*#0 *#'*%1)$ )&C$CR
G81 6&I1% $81 '*%1)$ )&C$@ $81 8*081% $81 %/$*& E1$I11# $81 '*%1)$ /#' *#'*%1)$ )&C$CA _&%
*#C$/#)1@ *4 C&21 C(441%C C 2*#&% *#Q(%7 %1M(*%*#0 / 41I 8(#'%1' '&66/%C $& )6&C1
$81 )6/*2@ $81 *#'*%1)$h'*%1)$ )&C$C %/$*& 2/7 E1 2()8 8*081% $8/# $81 B,9 /H1%/01A
9/5*$/6 *#$1#C*H1 &51%/$*&#C@ I81%1 6/%01 C(2C 8/H1 E11# *#H1C$1' *# 4/)*6*$*1C@ %1/6*N1
8*081% /#' /H1%/01 *#'*%1)$h'*%1)$ )&C$ %/$*&CA _&% 1D/2561@ *4 C&21 *C C1%*&(C67 &%
4/$/667 *#Q(%1' &# /# &*6J'%*66*#0 %*0@ %1C(6$*#0 *# &51%/$*&#C C8($$*#0 '&I# 4&% / '/7 &% C&@
2/#7 $8&(C/#'C &4 '&66/%C *# 6&C$ 5%&'()$*&# I*66 %1C(6$A "# 8*08 )/5*$/6 *#$1#C*H1 I&%U
5%&)1CC1C@ $81 1D51)$1' %/$*& E1$I11# '*%1)$ /#' *#'*%1)$ )&C$C 2/7 E1 TD $& T<DA
b/E&% *#$1#C*H1 &51%/$*&#C@ I81%1 2&%1 *#H1C$21#$ *C 2/'1 *# 6/E&% $8/# )/5*$/6 /CC1$C@
%1/6*N1 6&I1% *#'*%1)$h'*%1)$ )&C$ %/$*&CA ,&21 2/7 C(441% / C1%*&(C *#Q(%7@ E($
&51%/$*&#C /%1 #&$ /C 6*U167 $& E1 C*0#*4*)/#$67 *25/)$1'A "# 6/E&% *#$1#C*H1 &51%/$*&#C $81
1D51)$1' %/$*& E1$I11# '*%1)$ /#' *#'*%1)$ )&C$C 2/7 E1 ;D $& =<DA
7.1',& L.&)>
G/U1 / 6&&U /#' '&I#6&/' +,-F\C ,/41$7 3/7C C&4$I/%1 5%&0%/2 $8/$ )/# E1 81654(6 *#
'1$1%2*#*#0 '*%1)$ /#' *#'*%1)$ )&C$A
O&( )/# (C1 $81C1 4*0(%1C $& '12&#C$%/$1 $81 E1#14*$C &4 $/U*#0 )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&#R
M%+( )+#'(=-)%( ".& .)D &%+ 98., ,8' N',+(/ %/ H/='),"'/, ONPHQ 9-$$ 2': H1 ,8' -/='),"'/, -/3%(('3,-=' .3,-%/) -) RSCTTTC ./0 ,8' #%,'/,-.$ .33-0'/, 3%+$0 3%), ,8' 3%"#./& RUVCTTT
)%"',-"' -/ ,8' 1%(')''.2$' 1+,+(' O$',J) ).& 1-=' &'.()QC B+), 0-=-0' RUVCTTT 2& RSCTTT ./0 &%+
3%"' +# 9-,8 UVTT #'(3'/,: I-=-0' ,8., ,%,.$ 2& W &'.() ./0 &%+ 3%"' +# 9-,8 ./ .//+.$ NPH %1
"%(' ,8./ WTT #'(3'/, . &'.(: X%9 ,8.,J) . <('., (',+(/>
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 19/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 9C &4 C:
./#/0121#$ 2/7 I/#$ $& U#&I 8&I M(*)U67 $81 *#H1C$21#$ I*66 E1 5/*' E/)UR I8/$ $81
3/7E/)U 31%*&' *CA d(C$ '*H*'1 o;[@<<< E7 X< 2&#$8C /#' 7&( )&21 (5 I*$8 oVXK 51% 2&#$8 *#
5&$1#$*/6 /))*'1#$ )&C$CA ,*#)1 $81 *#H1C$21#$ *C o=@<<<@ *$ I*66 E1 5/*' E/)U *# / 6*$$61 &H1% $I&
2&#$8CA F4$1% $8/$@ $81 )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&# 2/7 E1 )&#C*'1%1' /C /)$(/667 C/H*#0 $81 )&25/#7 C&21 E*0
2A B&I $8/$\C $/6U*#0 $81 E&$$&2 6*#1]
"4 7&( I/#$@ $/U1 / )6&C1% 6&&U /$ C&21 U17 16121#$C &4 /# 1441)$*H1 %1)&221#'/$*&#A
G6/) *<& ="$?O ="$? *<& 46/)
B&I 7&( 8/H1 C&21 /22(#*$*&# $& 8165 *#)%1/C1 $&5 2/#/0121#$ )&22*$21#$ $8/$ *C C&
*25&%$/#$ $& I&%U56/)1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8A O&(\66 %1)1*H1 2/#7 2&%1 $*5C /#' *'1/C /E&($ $8*C
$8%&(08&($ $81 )&(%C1A F# *25&%$/#$ C$15 *# 2/U*#0 C(%1 $81 /E&H1 *'1/C /%1 1441)$*H167
/556*1' *C $& '1H16&5 /# /)$*&# 56/# $& 01$ $&5 2/#/0121#$ )&22*$21#$A F# /)$*&# 56/# *C
#&$8*#0 2&%1 $8/# / C1$ &4 6�J$1%2 C$%/$10*1C /#' C8&%$J$1%2 $/)$*)C fe8&Ie C$/$121#$CgA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 20/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7- &4 C:
."+#6& B P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
9B PQ(*. .+;; D+ M5<. ? 5<J+ .' /' .' *.<0 '(. '= .)'(L;+P L+*. )+=;+A.* M52A5 *<=+.0
2D3+)<.2J+R
/A _*C)/6 *251%/$*H1
EA b10/6 *251%/$*H1
)A
.&%/6 *251%/$*H1
'A
+C$%*)8 *251%/$*H1
7B S<@<4+D+@. A'DD2.D+@. A<@ L+ 'L.<2@+/ D'*. +==+A.2J+;0
L0T
/A 9&256/*#*#0 /E&($ $81 6/)U &4 )&22*$21#$
EA G8%1/$1#*#0 $& )&256/*# $& +,-F
)A 3%&H*'*#0 (C14(6 *#4&%2/$*&#
'A "#H*$*#0 2/#/0121#$ $& )&22*$$11 211$*#0C
:B U52A5 *+)J2A+ 3)'J2/+)V*W D245. <**2*. 2@ 0'() +=='). .' 'L.<2@ D<@<4+D+@. A'[email protected]
/A O&(% P&%U1%C\ 9&251#C/$*&# *#C(%1%
EA +,-F )&#C(6$/#$C
)A
3%*H/$1 )&#C(6$/#$C
'A
F#7 &4 $81 /E&H1
EB "<=+.0 *5'(;/ L+ 3)2D<)2;0 .5+ )+*3'@*2L2;2.0 '= .5+ *<=+.0 /2)+A.') <@/X') .5+ *<=+.0
A'DD2..++B
/A
G%(1
EA _/6C1
FB &'DD2.D+@. )+O(2)+* 2@J+*.2@4 .2D+ <@/ D'@+0 2@.' M5<. M+ *(33').B
/A
G%(1
EA
_/6C1
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 21/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 79 &4 C:
."+#6& QC R/5"$ /)+ ./)/0&1&)* S,,"#)*/5-6-*7
()*$"+#,*-")
F))&(#$/E*6*$7 %/#UC %*08$ /$ $81 $&5 I*$8 2/#/0121#$ )&22*$21#$ /C / )%*$*)/6 *#0%1'*1#$ *# /
)&25/#7\C C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A P87 '& I1 E18/H1 $81 I/7 I1 '& *# $81
I&%U56/)1^ 9&#C1M(1#)1CA P87 '& I1 $/U1 $81 (#C/41 C8&%$)($^
./#/0121#$ 2/7 *25&C1 /66 U*#'C &4 C/41$7 5&6*)*1C@ 5%&0%/2C@ I%*$$1# 56/#C@ '*%1)$*H1C@ %(61C@
$%/*#*#0AAA&# /#' &#AAA71$ *4 /55%&5%*/$1 /556*)/$*&# &4 1441)$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C I*$8*# / )(6$(%1
&4 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 '&1C #&$ 1D*C$@ '1C*%1' E18/H*&%C I*66 #&$ E1 C(C$/*#1'A "4 1256&711C '& #&$
L+;2+J+ $817 /%1 0&*#0 $& E1 816' /))&(#$/E61 4&% $81 '1)*C*&#C $817 2/U1 /#' $81 /)$*&#C $817
$/U1@ 7&( )/# E1 C(%1 $8/$ /#7 C/41$7 144&%$ *C (6$*2/$167 '&&21' $& 4/*6(%1A
;</* -% S,,"#)*/5-6-*7@
O&( 81/% / 6&$ /E&($ %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 /#' /))&(#$/E*6*$7 *# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8@ /#' C&21$*21C
51&561 C51/U /C $8&(08 $81 $I& $1%2C 8/H1 $81 C/21 21/#*#0A W($@ /C (C1' *# +,-F C$/#'/%'C
/#' 01#1%/667 *# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$@ $81C1 $I& $1%2C 8/H1 H1%7 '*441%1#$ 21/#*#0CA
b1$\C 4*#' &($ I87A
G/U1 / 6&&U /$ / '*)$*&#/%7A O&(\66 4*#' %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 /#' /))&(#$/E*6*$7 '14*#1' C&21$8*#0 6*U1R
Y+*3'@*2L;+ J 1D51)$1' &% &E6*01' $& /))&(#$ 4&% &% /#CI1% $&m *#H&6H*#0 &E6*0/$*&# &%
'($*1CA L1C5&#C*E*6*$7 J /E61 $& /))&(#$ 4&% &% /#CI1% $&A
$AA'(@.<L;+ J %1C5&#C*E61m 6*/E61m 610/667 E&(#' &% C(EQ1)$ $& 0*H*#0 /# /))&(#$ f&%
1D56/#/$*&#g@ /#CI1%/E61A F))&(#$/E*6*$7 J /E61 $& 0*H1 /))&(#$ &% /#CI1% $&A
"4 7&( 1D/2*#1 C $81C1 $I& '14*#*$*&#C@ *$\C (#'1%C$/#'/E61 I87 I1 2*08$ )&#)6('1 $8/$
$81C1 $I& $1%2C 8/H1 H*%$(/667 $81 C/21 21/#*#0A -&I1H1%@ $81 #&$*&# &4 E1*#0 e6*/E61 &%610/667 E&(#'e C1$C /))&(#$/E*6*$7 /5/%$A P81# /5567*#0 $81C1 $I& )&#)15$C $& 2/#/0121#$ *#
$81 I&%U56/)1@ $817 $/U1 &# H1%7 *25&%$/#$ /#' '*C$*#)$ '*441%1#)1C *# 21/#*#0 /#' /556*)/$*&#A
Y+*3'@*2L2;2.0 2/7 E1 $8&(08$ &4 /C C*2567 $81 e'L;24<.2'@ .' =(;=2;; < .<*NAe G& E1
%1C5&#C*E61@ 7&( #11' C E1 /CC*0#1'  &% 2&%1 '($*1CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 22/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 77 &4 C:
$AA'(@.<L2;2.0 2/7 E1 $8&(08$ &4 /C 1C$/E6*C8*#0 $81 e'L;24<.2'@ .' =(;=2;; < .<*N .'
*.<@/<)/ ') +;*+Ae P81# 7&( /%1 816' /))&(#$/E61@ 7&(% 51%4&%2/#)1 *C 21/C(%1'
/0/*#C$ C&21 C51)*4*) )%*$1%*/ &% C$/#'/%' /#' )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 /556*1' /55%&5%*/$1 $&
$81 61H16 &% M(/6*$7 &4 51%4&%2/#)1A
D<& 8-T N6&1&)*% "9 /) N99&,*-I& S,,"#)*/5-6-*7 87%*&1
F))&(#$/E*6*$7 2/7 /6C& E1 $8&(08$ &4 /C  &4 $81 H1%7 *25&%$/#$ C(EC7C$12C I*$8*# $81
&H1%/66 C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A G81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11 &% )&&%'*#/$&% 2/7 (C1 $81C1
0(*'16*#1C $& 8165 '1H16&5@ 2&#*$&% /#' *25%&H1 I&%U56/)1 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 4&% C/41$7A
,*D *25&%$/#$ 16121#$C C8&(6' E1 5%1C1#$ *# /# 1256&71% C/41$7 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12A
eG81 I/7 $8*#0C /%1 /%&(#' 81%1eAAA)/# 1D1%$ / 0%1/$ *#46(1#)1 &# 61/'1%C8*5 C$761CA P1 )/#/CC&)*/$1 $8%11 4(#'/21#$/6 61/'1%C8*5 C$761C $& $81 $8%11 2/#/0121#$ *251%/$*H1C '*C)(CC1'
/E&H1A b1$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ $8*C /CC&)*/$*&#A
()%*%#$ +, -".*/) 0$/#1/.1& "2 3%.2".*/#4%
+,-F 8/C '1H16&51' %(61C *# &))(5/$*&#/6 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 I8*)8 C1%H1 /C C$/#'/%'C &4
51%4&%2/#)1 4&% 1256&71%CA ,*2*6/%67@ 1256&71%C /%1 %1M(*%1' $& 1C$/E6*C8 )&25/#7 5&6*)*1C@
5%&)1'(%1C@ I%*$$1# 56/#C@ 5%&)1CC1C@ Q&E '1C)%*5$*&#C /#' %(61C $& )61/%67 )&#H17 $81*%
C$/#'/%'C &4 51%4&%2/#)1 *# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 $& 1256&711CA
"$ *C *25&%$/#$ $8/$ C/41$7 5&6*)*1C /#' '*C)*56*#/%7 5%&)1'(%1C E1 )61/%67 C$/$1' *# I%*$*#0 /#'
2/'1 /H/*6/E61 $& 1H1%7A "# 4/)$@ *$ *C #1)1CC/%7 $& 1'()/$1 /66 1256&711C &# $81C1 5&6*)*1C
/#' 5%&)1'(%1CA ./U1 C(%1 $817 )1%$*47 $8/$ $817 8/H1 %1/'@ (#'1%C$&&'@ /#' I*66 )&2567 I*$8
$8&C1 C/41$7 5&6*)*1C /#' 5%&)1'(%1CA i& $8*C I81# $817 /%1 8*%1'@ /#' /##(/667 $81%1/4$1%A
"4 C$/#'/%'C &4 /))15$/E61 E18/H*&% /#' 51%4&%2/#)1 /%1 #&$ 1C$/E6*C81' /#' )61/%67
)&22(#*)/$1' $& 1256&711C@ /# 1441)$*H1 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 *C *25&CC*E61A ./#/0121#$
2/7 #&$ E1 Q(C$*4*1' *# /'2*#*C$1%*#0 '*C)*56*#1 I*$8&($ )61/%67 I%*$$1# /#' )&22(#*)/$1'
C$/#'/%'CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 23/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7: &4 C:
()%*%#$ 5, 61%78/$% 9%&"8.4%& /#1 3&:4;"&"4</) 08==".$
W14&%1 1256&71%C /%1 Q(C$*4*1' *# /'2*#*C$1%*#0 /55%&5%*/$1 )&#C1M(1#)1C@ $817 C8&(6' 4*%C$
5%&H*'1 $81*% 1256&711C I*$8 $81 21/#C /#' 21$8&'C $& /)8*1H1 $81 C$/#'/%'C &4 51%4&%2/#)1
$8/$ 8/H1 E11# 1C$/E6*C81'A `256&71%C C8&(6' 5%&H*'1 / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 587C*)/6 /#'5C7)8&C&)*/6 I&%U56/)1 1#H*%#$A
Z50*2A<; )+*'()A+*A `#C(%1C C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 )&#'*$*&#CA ,/41 $&&6C@ 1M(*521#$@
2/)8*#1%7@ 2/$1%*/6C@ I&%UC$/$*&#C@ 4/)*6*$*1C@ 1#H*%#$A +,-F 1258/C*N1C $8*C
)/$10&%7A
Z*0A5'*'A2<; *(33').A `#C(%1C C/41 E18/H*&%CA `441)$*H1 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0@
%1/C&#/E61 I&%U C)81'(61C /#' 5%&'()$*&# M(&$/C@ 8(2/# %1C&(%)1 5%&0%/2C@ C/41 I&%U
5%&)1'(%1C@ )&251$1#$ 2/#/0121#$@ $&(08J)/%*#0 61/'1%C8*5A G8%&(08 $81 71/%C@
_1'1%/6 +,-F /#' 5%&41CC*&#/6 C/41$7 &%0/#*N/$*&#C 8/H1 '12&#C$%/$1' 2&%1 1258/C*C
*# $8*C /%1/ /C 1H*'1#)1' E7 *#)%1/C1' *#$1%1C$ *# '1H16&5*#0 %(61C %1M(*%*#0 /
)&25%181#C*H1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2@ /#' I&%U56/)1 H*&61#)1 C$/#'/%'CA
()%*%#$ >, 6 0:&$%* "2 3%.2".*/#4% ?%/&8.%*%#$
+#)1 /0/*#@ I81# /556*1' $& C/41$7 E18/H*&% /#' 51%4&%2/#)1@ /))&(#$/E*6*$7 '12/#'C 2&%1
$8/# C*2567 E1*#0 /#CI1%/E61A "# /# 1441)$*H1 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 $81 M(/6*$7 &% 61H16 &4 C/41$751%4&%2/#)1 *C 21/C(%1' %10(6/%67 /#' &4$1#A .1/C(%121#$ 5%&)1CC1C *#)6('1 *#4&%2/6h4&%2/6
&EC1%H/$*&#CA L1/6 21/C(%121#$ 21/#C 2&%1 $8/# 21%167 &EC1%H*#0 E18/H*&%CA "$ /6C& *#)6('1C
M(/#$*47*#0 &EC1%H/$*&#CAAA/''*#0 (5 $81 #(2E1%CA G8&C1 #(2E1%C 4&%2 $81 C$/$*C$*)C $8/$ 7&(
)/# (C1 $& *25%&H1 $81 C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A
!""#$%&'()*)&+ '%- "#%&.#*
F E/C*) %(61 &4 $8(2E 4&% /#7 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 C$/$1C $8/$@ ?. #'()%/ )8%+$0 2' 8'$0
.33%+/,.2$' 1%( . (')#%/)-2-$-,& %/$& -1 ,8., #'()%/ -) .2$' ,% 3%/,(%$ %( 8.) ,8' .2-$-,& ,% 1+$1-$$
,8., (')#%/)-2-$-,&:? "4 / 51%C&# *C E1*#0 21/C(%1' /#' 816' /))&(#$/E61 4&% %1C(6$C &H1% I8*)8
$817 8/H1 #& )&#$%&6@ $8/$ 51%C&# I*66 /$$125$ $& 0/*# )&#$%&6 C&218&IA G81 /$$125$ $&
1C$/E6*C8 )&#$%&6 2/7 *#)6('1 *#/55%&5%*/$1 C$%/$10*1CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 24/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7E &4 C:
_&% 1D/2561@ / C(51%H*C&% I8&\C 21/C(%1' C &# '15/%$21#$ /))*'1#$ %/$1C 2/7 $8%1/$1# $&
4*%1 /#7 I8& )&2561$1C /# +,-F =<= *#Q(%7 %15&%$A B&$ C *C $8/$ E18/H*&%
)&(#$1%5%&'()$*H1 4&% $81 )&25/#7@ *$ *C *6610/6]
G81 1256&71% (6$*2/$167 )&#$%&6C /66 &4 $81 2/#7 &51%/$*&#/6 H/%*/E61C C()8 /C %/I 2/$1%*/6C@1M(*521#$@ 2/)8*#1%7@ I&%U C)81'(61C@ 51%C&##16@ /#' 5&6*)*1C $8/$ 2/U1 (5 $81 '/7J$&J'/7
I&%U 1#H*%#$A 256&71% 51%4&%2/#)1 *# 5%&H*'*#0 %1C&(%)1C /#' *256121#$*#0 5&6*)*1C@
1$)A@ C8&(6' E1 21/C(%1'A
+# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ 1256&711C 2/7 8/H1 H1%7 6*$$61 )&#$%&6 &H1% &51%/$*&#C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A
G817 '&@ 8&I1H1%@ 8/H1 )&#$%&6 &H1% $81*% &I# E18/H*&%A `256&711C 8/H1 $81 /E*6*$7 $& 2/U1 /
)8&*)1 $& )&2567 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C@ /#' $817 2/7 )8&&C1 $& %15&%$ *#Q(%*1C /#' 8/N/%'C *# $81
I&%U56/)1A 9&#C1M(1#$67@ I1 #11' $& 21/C(%1 $81C1 51%C&#/6 E18/H*&%CA
"# $81 I&%U56/)1@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $8/$ C(51%H*C&%C 21/C(%1 $81*% 1256&711C\ C/41$7 E18/H*&%CA
./#/01%C C8&(6' 21/C(%1 C(51%H*C&% /)$*H*$*1C /#' E18/H*&%CA +,-F '&1C#\$ 21%167 &EC1%H1A
G817 *#C51)$@ *#H1C$*0/$1@ /#' *CC(1 )*$/$*&#C $8/$ 2/7 *#)6('1 2$/%7 51#/6$*1CR B&I $8/$\C
21/C(%121#$ I*$8 )&#C1M(1#)1C@ *C#\$ *$^
()%*%#$ @, 6==)<4/$<"# "2 (22%4$<A% !"#&%78%#4%&
@8., .(' ?3%/)'Y+'/3')?6
F e)&#C1M(1#)1e *C /#7$8*#0 $8/$ 8/551#C /C / %1C(6$ &4 C&21$8*#0 $8/$ 8/551#CA F#&$81% I/7
$& 1D5%1CC *$ *C $& $8*#U &4 $81 *#*$*/6 E18/H*&% /C $81 e)/(C1e /#' $81 )&#C1M(1#)1 /C $81
e1441)$e &4 $81 )/(C1A _&% 1H1%7 )/(C1@ $81%1 *C /# 1441)$A
_&% *#C$/#)1@ *4 7&( 8*$ 7&(% $8(2E I*$8 / 8/221%@ $81 )&#C1M(1#)1 *C 5/*#@ *#Q(%7@
12E/%%/CC21#$@ 1$)A "4 7&( $8*#U f*#*$*/6 /)$*H*$7g C/41$7 *C #&$ *25&%$/#$@ 7&( /%1 2&%1 6*U167 $&
E18/H1 *# /# (#C/41 2/##1% f)&#C1M(1#)1gA "4 / C(51%H*C&% 7166C /$ /# 1256&711@ $81 1256&711
2/7 7166 E/)U@ &% 0& 8&21@ &% M(*$ f5&CC*E61 )&#C1M(1#)1CgA
"$\C *25&%$/#$ $& (#'1%C$/#' $81%1 *C #& C()8 $8*#0 /C e#& )&#C1M(1#)1e 4&% /# /)$*&#A O&(
)/##&$ B+G 8/H1 / )&#C1M(1#)1 4&% /# /)$*&#A _&% *#C$/#)1@ *4 / C(51%H*C&% $8/#UC / I&%U1% 4&%
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 25/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7F &4 C:
2/U*#0 / C/41$7 C(001C$*&#@ $8/$ *C / )&#C1M(1#)1 f5&C*$*H1gA "4 $81 C(51%H*C&% *0#&%1C $81
I&%U1% I8& 2/'1 $81 C/41$7 C(001C$*&#@ $8/$ *C / )&#C1M(1#)1 $&& f#10/$*H1gA
`441)$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C *#)%1/C1 '1C*%1' E18/H*&%C &% '1)%1/C1 (#'1C*%1' E18/H*&%CA "4
1256&711 C/41$7 51%4&%2/#)1 211$C &% 1D)11'C $81 C$/#'/%'C C1$ E7 $81 1256&71%@ C&21 C&%$&4 %1)&0#*$*&# C8&(6' 4&66&IA +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ *4 $81 1256&711 2/U1C /# *#4&%21' )8&*)1 #&$
$& )&2567 I*$8 $81 )&25/#7\C C/41$7 %(61C@ C&21 C&%$ &4 /55%&5%*/$1 )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&# C8&(6'
4&66&IA G81%1 /%1 H/%*&(C C$%/$10*1C 4&% /'2*#*C$1%*#0 5&C*$*H1 /#' #10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1CA
9/%14(6 56/##*#0 *C )%*$*)/6 $& 1#C(%1 )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 1441)$*H1A b1$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ 4&(%
/55%&/)81C $& )&#C*'1%A
D=" 5/%-, ,/*&0"$-&% "9 ,")%&J#&),&%
G&5 2/#/0121#$ 2/7 )&22(#*)/$1 $81*% C(55&%$ 4&% C/41$7@ E($ $81 %1/6 $1C$ 4&% )&22*$21#$
*C $81 '10%11 $& I8*)8 2/#/0121#$ /)$C &# $81*% )&22(#*)/$*&# I*$8 C1%*&(C *#H1C$21#$C *#
$*21 /#' 2A P81# 2/#/0121#$ 21%167 )&22(#*)/$1C $81*% *#$1%1C$ *# C/41$7@ E($ '&1C
#&$ 4&66&I $8%&(08 I*$8 /)$*&#@ $817 /%1 1D5%1CC*#0 2&%/6 C(55&%$@ #&$ )&22*$21#$A
b1/'1%C 01$ I8/$ $817 0*H1]
Z'*2.2J+ )+2@=')A+D+@. J "4 I1 '& C&21$8*#0 I166@ I1 01$ %1I/%'1'A "25&%$/#$ 5&*#$C $&
%1212E1% /E&($ 5&C*$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$ *#)6('1R
"$ 2(C$ /6I/7C *#)%1/C1 '1C*%1' E18/H*&%m
G81 I&%U1% 51%4&%2C $& %1)1*H1 / 5&C*$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1m
G81 I&%U1% 2/7 51%4&%2 4/% E17&#' 2*#*2(2 C$/#'/%'C J '*C)%1$*&#/%7 144&%$m
G81 4&)(C *C &# 1D)1661#)1 J *$\C C())1CCJE/C1' C$%/$107m
`D/2561C *#)6('1R
!
"4 7&( %15&%$ / 8/N/%' 7&(\66 E1 %1)&0#*N1' *# / 5&C*$*H1 I/7m
!
"4 7&( 5%1H1#$ /# *#Q(%7 &% C/H1 2 7&( I*66 E1 %1I/%'1'A
[+4<.2J+ )+2@=')A+D+@. J "4 I1 '& C&21$8*#0 I166@ I1 '&#\$ 01$ 5(#*C81'A `6121#$C &4 #10/$*H1
%1*#4&%)121#$ *#)6('1R
G81 I&%U1% 51%4&%2C $& /H&*' $81 )&#C1M(1#)1 J #&$8*#0 16C1m
G81 *#$1#$ *C $& *#)%1/C1 '1C*%1' E18/H*&%Cm
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 26/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7G &4 C:
G81 I&%U1% 51%4&%2C $& 2*#*2(2 C$/#'/%' J Q(C$ 1#&(08 $& 01$ E7m
G81 4&)(C *C &# )&256*/#)1 J *$\C / 41/%JE/C1' C$%/$107m
`D/2561C *#)6('1R
! “If you break a safety rule, you'll be fired;”
! “If you comply with safety rules, you won't be reprimanded.”
G81%1\C #& C()8 $8*#0 /C / #&#J)&#C1M(1#)1CA O&( 2*08$ $8*#U $8/$ *0#&%*#0 E18/H*&%C *C / I/7
$& I*$88&6' / )&#C1M(1#)1A B& C()8 6()UA `H1%7 %1C5&#C1@ *#)6('*#0 *0#&%*#0@ *C / )&#C1M(1#)1A
"0#&%*#0 *C (C(/667 $81 61/C$ 1441)$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1 E1)/(C1 *$ 61/'C $& 1D$*#)$*&# &4 '1C*%1'
E18/H*&%CA G8*#U /E&($ *$A -/H1 7&( 1H1% E11# *0#&%1' I81# 7&( $8&(08$ 7&( C8&(6' 8/H1 E11#
%1)&0#*N1'^ " E1$ 7&( I1%1 (5C1$A F#' *$ '*'#\$ 2/$$1% I87 7&( I1%1 *0#&%1' 1*$81%R 7&( '*'#\$
6*U1 *$A ,&@ 61$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ C&21 &4 $81 )8/%/)$1%*C$*)C &4 1D$*#)$*&#R
"$ *C $81 I*$8'%/I/6 &4 %1)&0#*$*&#m
G81 I&%U1% *C *0#&%1' /#' #& 2/$$1% I8/$@ '1C*%1' E18/H*&% E1)&21C 61CC 4%1M(1#$A _&%
*#C$/#)1R
!
"4 $81 I&%U1% 2*CE18/H1C /#' *C *0#&%1'@ 81 2/7 51%)1*H1 *$ /C 5&C*$*H1 /#' $81
E18/H*&% I*66 )&#$*#(1m
! "4 $81 I&%U1% E18/H1C /#' *C *0#&%1'@ 81 2/7 51%)1*H1 *$ /C #10/$*H1 /#' $81
E18/H*&% I*66 '*C)&#$*#(1m
P&%U1% 1H1#$(/667 51%4&%2C I*$8&($ 1D51)$/$*&# &4 %1)&0#*$*&#m B& %16/$*&#C8*5 I*$8 2/#/0121#$ 1D*C$Cm
"$ *C $81 2&C$ )&22&# 4&%2 &4 )&#C1M(1#)1 *# $81 I&%U56/)1 J "$\C 15*'12*) *#
&%0/#*N/$*&#C
`D/2561C &4 $81 $8&(08$C /#' E16*14C 5%&'()1' I81# 51&561 /%1 *0#&%1' *#)6('1R
! “It doesn't matter how hard I work around here.”
! “Apathy is rampant, but who cares.”
8"")O !&$*/-)O 8-0)-9-,/)*O /)+ 8-),&$&
"# /66 *#C$/#)1C@ $& E1 1441)$*H1@ )&#C1M(1#)1C C8&(6' E1 *''@@ A+).<2@@ *24@2=2A<@.@ /#' *2@A+)+A
F))&(#$/E*6*$7 *C &51%/$*#0 1441)$*H167 C I81# )&#C1M(1#)1C 4&66&I E18/H*&%A P81#
)&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 #D*C$1#$ &% *#)&#C*C$1#$@ /))&(#$/E*6*$7 *C #&$ 4(#)$*&#*#0 5%&51%67 *# 7&(%
)&25/#7A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 27/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7, &4 C:
9&#C1M(1#)1C 4&% C/41$7 E18/H*&%C $8/$ 211$ &% 1D)11' 1D51)$/$*&#C (C(/667 *#)6('1
%1)&0#*$*&# /#' %1I/%'CA -&I1H1%@ C /55%&5%*/$1 E18/H*&%C C8&(6' E1 %1I/%'1'A G81
1256&71% C8&(6' %1)&0#*N1 1256&711C 4&% E18/H*&%C /#' 51%4&%2/#)1 &H1% I8*)8 $817 8/H1
1D)6(C*H1 )&#$%&6A "4 $81 51%C&# 8/C /($8&%*$7AAA'1)*C*&#J2/U*#0 )&#$%&6@ $81# $81 51%C&# C8&(6'
E1 816' /))&(#$/E61 4&% $81 '1)*C*&# /#' C(EC1M(1#$ E18/H*&%C /#' 51%C&#/6 &($)&21CA
./#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C 8/H1 H/%7*#0 '10%11C &4 )&#$%&6 &H1% $81 )&#'*$*&#C &4 $81*% I&%U
/%1/C /#' $81 E18/H*&%C &4 $81*% 1256&711CA _&% 1256&711C@ )&#$%&6 (C(/667 %141%C C $&
51%C&#/6 E18/H*&%CA b1$\C 6&&U /$ C&21 1D/2561C &4 /)$*H*$*1C /#' E18/H*&%C $8/$ /%1 $75*)/667
/))&(#$/E*6*$7 21/C(%1CA
\]<D3;+* '= D+<*()+/ *<=+.0 L+5<J2')* <@/ 3+)=')D<@A+ <. J<)2'(* ;+J+;* 2@A;(/+T ^'3XD2/8
;+J+; D<@<4+)*B j#4&%$(#/$167@ 21/C(%121#$ /$ $8*C 61H16 (C(/667 *#)6('1C %1C(6$C C$/$*C$*)C &H1%
I8*)8 $&5 2/#/01%C /)$(/667 8/H1 6*$$61 '*%1)$ )&#$%&6A G81C1 21/C(%1C *#)6('1R
F))*'1#$ %/$1CA
`D51%*1#)1 2&'*4*)/$*&# %/$1 f.+i L/$1gA
P&%U1%C\ )&251#C/$*&# )&C$CA
G8*C C*$(/$*&# 2/7 )/(C1 $&5 2/#/01%C $& 5($ 5%1CC(%1 &# C(51%H*C&%C $& 8&6' '&I# $81
#(2E1% &4 /))*'1#$C *# $81*% '15/%$21#$CA 9&#C1M(1#$67@ $81 %1C(6$ 2/7 E1 *#1441)$*H1
21/C(%121#$ /$ /66 61H16CA F55%&5%*/$1 E18/H*&%C /#' /)$*H*$*1C $& 21/C(%1 /$ $&5h2*'J 61H16
2/#/0121#$ *#)6('1R
"#H&6H121#$ *# C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 4&%2(6/$*&# /#' *256121#$/$*&#m
i1H16&5*#0 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 5&6*)*1C@ 5%&0%/2C@ 5%&)1'(%1Cm
F%%/#0*#0 2/#/0121#$hC(51%H*C&% C/41$7 $%/*#*#0m
3%&H*'*#0 587C*)/6 %1C&(%)1C /#' 5C7)8&C&)*/6 C(55&%$m
"#H&6H121#$ *# C/41$7 1'()/$*&#h$%/*#*#0m ,(55&%$*#0 *#H&6H121#$ *# $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11A
,(51%H*C&%CR ,(51%H*C&%C 2/7 #&$ E1 /E61 $& )&2561$167 )&#$%&6 $81 %1C(6$C fC()8 /C $81 /))*'1#$
%/$1g &4 $81*% I&%U /%1/A G817 '&@ 8&I1H1%@ 8/H1 $81 /E*6*$7 $& )&#$%&6 $81*% C/41$7 2/#/0121#$
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 28/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7H &4 C:
/#' 61/'1%C8*5 /)$*H*$*1CA G81%14&%1@ 21/C(%121#$ /$ $8*C 61H16 C8&(6' 5%*2/%*67 *#)6('1
51%C&#/6 C/41$7 E18/H*&%C /#' /)$*H*$*1C C()8 /CR
./U*#0 C(%1 I&%U1%C 8/H1 C/41 2/$1%*/6C@ $&&6C@ 1M(*521#$@ 2/)8*#1%7@ 1$)A
`#C(%*#0 / 81/6$84(6 5C7)8&C&)*/6 1#H*%#$
_&66&I*#0 )&25/#7 C/41$7 %(61C
9&#'()$*#0 C/41$7 *#C51)$*&#C
`#4&%)*#0 C/41$7 %(61C
G%/*#*#0 C/41 I&%U 5%&)1'(%1C
L1)&0#*N*#0 1256&711C 4&% C/41$7
9&#'()$*#0 C/41$7 211$*#0C
\D3;'0++*R .1/C(%121#$ &4 1256&711C (C(/667 *#)6('1C 51%C&#/6 E18/H*&%C C()8 /CR
9&2567*#0 I*$8 )&25/#7 C/41$7 %(61C
L15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C *221'*/$167
L15&%$*#0 8/N/%'C
./U*#0 C(001C$*&#C
"#H&6H121#$ *# C/41$7 /)$*H*$*1C
F4$1% /66 *C C/*' /#' '@ *4 $81 E18/H*&%C /#' /)$*H*$*1C /E&H1 /%1 1D51)$1' /#' %1)&0#*N1'@ $81
%1C(6$C $8/$ I1 /66 I&%%7 /E&($ I*66 $/U1 )/%1 &4 $812C16H1CA "25%&H1 $81 5%&)1CC /#' I/$)8 $81
&($)&21 4&66&I] "C $8*C /66 e5*1 *# $81 CU7e^ "$ '&1C#\$ 8/H1 $& E1A B&I 61$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ C&21
%1/6JI&%6' 5%&E612C %16/$1' $& $8*C 16121#$A
N6&1&)* EC S44$"4$-/*& S446-,/*-") "9 !")%&J#&),&%
P*$8&($ $81 'Z#'3,.,-%/ &4 )&#C1M(1#)1C@ /))&(#$/E*6*$7 8/C #& )%1'*E*6*$7 /#' I*66 #&$ E1
1441)$*H1A B& )&#C1M(1#)1CAAA#& /))&(#$/E*6*$7A 9&#C1M(1#)1C #11' $& E1 /55%&5%*/$1 /C I166/C 1441)$*H1A G8*C *C $81 16121#$ I*$8 I8*)8 1H1%7 *C 5%&E/E67 2&C$ 4/2*6*/%A j#4&%$(#/$167@
*# C&21 )&25/#*1C@ )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 1*$81% #&$ /55%&5%*/$1@ #&$ 1441)$*H1@ &% E&$8A
;</* /$& *<& ,$-*&$-/ 9"$ /44$"4$-/*& ,")%&J#&),&%@
G817 /%1 Q(C$*4*1'A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 29/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 7C &4 C:
G817 )&%%1C5&#' $& $81 '10%11 &4 5&C*$*H1 &% #10/$*H1 %1C(6$C &4 $81 E18/H*&%A
G817 /%1 /556*1' )&#C*C$1#$67 $8%&(08&($ $81 1#$*%1 &%0/#*N/$*&#A
S$& ,")%&J#&),&% M#%*-9-&+@
B10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 Q(C$*4*1' I81# $81 51%C&# /'2*#*C$1%*#0 '*C)*56*#1 8/C 4(64*661' $81*%
&I# /))&(#$/E*6*$*1C 4*%C$A 3&C*$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 Q(C$*4*1' /#7 $*21 1256&711C 211$ &%
1D)11' 1D51)$/$*&#CA -1%1\C /# *25&%$/#$ 5%*#)*561 f" )/66 *$ $81 TJL 5%*#)*561gR G81 2&%1
L10(6/%67 7&( L1)&0#*N1 /#' L1I/%'@ $81 2&%1 L/%167 7&(\66 8/H1 $& L15%*2/#'A
"$\C )%*$*)/6 $& (#'1%C$/#' $8/$ E14&%1 /'2*#*C$1%*#0 5%&0%1CC*H1 '*C)*56*#1@ 2/#/01%C /#'
C(51%H*C&%C 2/U1 / Q('021#$ /E&($ 8&I I166 $817 8/H1 4(64*661' $81*% &I# /))&(#$/E*6*$*1CA G8*C
*C *25&%$/#$ $& 2/U1 C(%1 $817 /%1 /)$(/667 Q(C$*4*1' *# /'2*#*C$1%*#0 )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&#CA
i1$1%2*#*#0 $81 /55%&5%*/$1#1CC &4 /'2*#*C$1%*#0 #10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C '&1C #&$ 8/H1 $& E1
'*44*)(6$A O&( )/# (C1 $81 /)%H $& $81 614$ $& 8165 %1212E1% $81 4*H1 E/C*) C/41$7 &E6*0/$*&#C
2/#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C 8/H1 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 $& 4(64*66A b1$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ 1/)8 &4 $81 4*H1
&E6*0/$*&#CR
=A K(.-/-/<4 `256&711C 2(C$ E1 5%&H*'1' I*$8 $81 %1M(*%1' U#&I61'01 /#' 0/*# $81 CU*66C
$& )&2567 I*$8 C/41$7 %1M(*%121#$CA `256&711C@ $81#@ 8/H1 $81 #1)1CC/%7 U#&I61'01
/#' CU*66C $& (#'1%C$/#' $81 #/$(%/6 /#' C7C$12 )&#C1M(1#)1C &4 #&#)&256*/#)1A
./#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C C8&(6' /CU@ e[.=' H #(%=-0'0 O%( 8.) ,8' '"#$%&'' ('3'-='0Q
Y+.$-,& ).1',& ,(.-/-/<6 e
;A N')%+(3')4 i& 1256&711C 8/H1 $81 587C*)/6 %1C&(%)1C /#' 5C7)8&C&)*/6 C(55&%$ $&
)&2567 I*$8 C/41$7 %1M(*%121#$C^ ,(51%H*C&%C #11' $& 5%&H*'1 /'1M(/$1 $&&6C@
1M(*521#$@ 2/$1%*/6C $& 2/U1 *$ 5&CC*E61 4&% 1256&711C I&%U C/4167A ,(51%H*C&%C C8&(6'
/6C& 2/#/01 I&%U6&/'C@ C)81'(61C@ 1256&711 %16/$*&#C C& $8/$ $81 I&%U56/)1 *C /C
C$%1CCJ4%11 /C 5&CC*E61A P81# $81 1256&711 E16*1H1C I&%U*#0 4/C$ *C 2&%1 *25&%$/#$
$8/# I&%U*#0 C/41@ C(51%H*C&%C /%1 4/*6*#0 *# $8*C /%1/A ./#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C C8&(6'
/CU@ e[.=' H #(%=-0'0 ,8' '"#$%&'' 9-,8 . ).1' ./0 8'.$,8& 9%(D#$.3'6 e
>A
!/1%(3'"'/,4 i& 1256&711C E16*1H1 $817 I*66 E1 '*C)*56*#1' *4 $817\%1 )/(08$ H*&6/$*#0
C/41$7 %(61C^ +%@ '& $817 U#&I $8/$ /66 7&( I*66 '& *C C8/U1 7&(% 4*#01% /#' $8%1/$1#
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 30/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :- &4 C:
$812 I*$8&($ 4&66&I*#0 $8%&(08A "4 C(51%H*C&%C /66&I 1256&711C $& H*&6/$1 C/41$7 %(61C@
/66 Q(C$*4*)/$*&# 4&% '*C)*56*#1 '*C/551/%CA ./#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C C8&(6' /CU@ e[.=' H
.##$-'0 ).1',& .33%+/,.2-$-,& 1.-($& ./0 3%/)-),'/,$& -/ ,8' #.),6 e
VA
7+#'(=-)-%/4 W7 '14*#*$*&#@ /'1M(/$1 C(51%H*C*&# 21/#C e'1$1)$*#0 /#' )&%%1)$*#08/N/%'C &% (#C/41 E18/H*&% E14&%1 $817 )/(C1 /# *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CCAe "4 C(51%H*C&%C /%1
C$()U *# $81 &44*)1 /66 '/7 *$\C #&$ 5&CC*E61 $& &H1%C11 $81 I&%U 1256&711C /%1 '&*#0A b/)U
&4 C(51%H*C*&# *C / 2/Q&% %1/C&# '*C)*56*#*#0 1256&711C /4$1% /# /))*'1#$ *C (C(/667
*#/55%&5%*/$1A ./#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C C8&(6' /CU@ eI-0 H 3.,38 ,8'" =-%$.,-/< ).1',&
(+$') 2'1%(' ,8'& <%, 8+(,6 e
TA ;'.0'()8-#4 ,(51%H*C&%C 2(C$ eI/6U $81 $/6UAe G8/$ 21/#C $817 #11' $& C1$ $81 8*081C$
1D/2561C E7 4&66&I*#0 /66 C/41$7 5&6*)*1C /#' %(61C@ /#' $817 #11' $& E1 4(64*66*#0 $81
&$81% 4&(% &E6*0/$*&#CA ./#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C C8&(6' /CU@ e 5" H )',,-/< ,8' (-<8,
'Z."#$' 1%( "& '"#$%&'')6 e
"4 2/#/01%ChC(51%H*C&%C )/# 8C$67 /#CI1% “YES” $& 1/)8 &4 $81 /E&H1 4*H1 M(1C$*&#C@ *$ 2/7
E1 /55%&5%*/$1 $& /'2*#*C$1% #10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C f'*C)*56*#1@ %15%*2/#'g E1)/(C1 $81*%
/))&(#$/E*6*$*1C 8/H1 E11# 4(64*661' 4*%C$A "4 2/#/01%hC(51%H*C&%C )/##&$ 8C$67 /#CI1% 1/)8
M(1C$*&# *# $81 /44*%2/$*H1@ 61/'1%C8*5 %1M(*%1C /# /5&6&07 /#' / )&22*$21#$ $& 2/U1
*25%&H121#$C f5%&H*'1% E1$$1% $%/*#*#0@ %1C&(%)1C /#' 1D51)$/$*&#C &4 1#4&%)121#$@
C(51%H*C*&# /#' 61/'1%C8*5gA
i& )&#C1M(1#)1C )&%%1C5&#' I*$8 $81 5&C*$*H1 &% #10/$*H1 %1C(6$C &4 $81 E18/H*&%^
9&#C1M(1#)1C C8&(6' *#)%1/C1 I*$8 $81 C1H1%*$7 &4 $81 5&$1#$*/6 *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CC $8/$
2*08$ %1C(6$ 4%&2 $81 E18/H*&%A "4 /# 1256&711 *C 51%4&%2*#0 /# (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1
$8/$ )&(6' %1C(6$ *# / 4/$/6 *#Q(%7 $& 8*2C164 &% /#&$81% 1256&711@ $8/$ )1%$/*#67 I/%%/#$C /
C1H1%1 )&#C1M(1#)1A +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ /# 1256&711 I8& 51%4&%2C / E18/H*&% $8/$H*&6/$1C / C/41$7 %(61 71$ I*66 #&$ %1C(6$ *# /# *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CC@ / 61CC C1H1%1 )&#C1M(1#)1 *C
2&%1 /55%&5%*/$1A
9&#C1M(1#)1C C8&(6' *#)%1/C1 I*$8 $81 61H16 &4 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 &4 $81 51%C&# 51%4&%2*#0
$81 E18/H*&%A "4 /# 1256&711 #1061)$C $& 51%4&%2 / C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1 C()8 /C I1/%*#0
1/% 5%&$1)$*&#@ / C/41$7 %(61 8/C E11# H*&6/$1' /#' '*C)*56*#1 2/7 E1 *# &%'1%A -&I1H1%@ *4
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 31/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :9 &4 C:
/ C(51%H*C&% &% 2/#/01% #1061)$C $& I1/% $81 1/% 5%&$1)$*&#@ I1\%1 #&$ Q(C$ $/6U*#0 /E&($
H*&6/$*#0 / C/41$7 %(61A G8/$ C/41$7 %(61 8/C@ *# 1441)$@ E11# 610/667 %1H*C1'A F 2/#'/$&%7
%1M(*%121#$ E1)&21C / '*C)%1$*&#/%7 0(*'16*#1 /#' #&$ /('*$/E61 &% 1#4&%)1/E61A
F 2&%1 C1H1%1 61H16 &4 '*C)*56*#1 I&(6' E1 *# &%'1% E1)/(C1 &4 $81 5&C*$*&# &4 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7
$817 /CC(21A G81 C(51%H*C&% &% 2/#/01%@ *# 4/)$@ 0*H1C 51%2*CC*&# 4&% /66 1256&711C $& H*&6/$1
$81 C/21 C/41$7 %(61A G81 #10/$*H1 *25/)$ &# $81 C/41$7 &4 1256&711C 8/C $81 5&$1#$*/6 $& E1
2()8 0%1/$1% I81# $81 C(51%H*C&% &% 2/#/01% H*&6/$1C / C/41$7 %(61A
+# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ *4 / C(51%H*C&% &% 2/#/01% '&1C C&21$8*#0 5&C*$*H1@ $81 #1$ *25/)$ I*66
6*U167 E1 0%1/$1% $8/# $8/$ &4  &4 8*C &% 81% 1256&711CA 9&#C1M(1#$67@ 2&%1 C*0#*4*)/#$
5&C*$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 )1%$/*#67 *# &%'1%A
F%1 )&#C1M(1#)1C /556*1' )&#C*C$1#$67 /$ /66 61H16C &4 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#^
G& E(*6' / 8*08 61H16 &4 $%(C$ E1$I11# 2/#/0121#$ /#' 6/E&%@ /))&(#$/E*6*$7 2(C$ E1 /556*1'
)&#C*C$1#$67 /$ /66 61H16C &4 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#R (5 /#' '&I#@ /#' /)%&CC 4(#)$*&#CA `H1%7
C(51%H*C&% /#' 2/#/01% 2(C$ E1 816' /))&(#$/E61 *# $81 C/21 4/*% 2/##1% )&#C*C$1#$ I*$8
1256&711CA "4 6/E&% 51%)1*H1C $81 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 /C /5567*#0 C $& $812@ $817 I*66
#/$(%/667 )&#C*'1% *$ (#4/*%R $81 5%*2/%7 4/*6(%1 2&'1 4&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12CA
()%*%#$ B, !"#$<#8"8& (A/)8/$<"# "2 $;% 644"8#$/C<)<$: 0:&$%*D
F6$8&(08 /C / C(51%H*C&% 7&( 2/7 #&$ E1 %1C5&#C*E61 4&% 4&%2/667 1H/6(/$*#0 $81 /))&(#$/E*6*$7
C7C$12 *$\C 0&&' $& U#&I $8/$ C&21 *CA jC(/667@ $81 C/41$7 )&&%'*#/$&% /#'h&% C/41$7
)&22*$$11 /%1 *#H&6H1' *# $8*C /)$*H*$7A "# C&21 eC$/$1J56/#e C$/$1C@ 6*U1 +%10&#@ $81 C/41$7
)&22*$$11 *C %1M(*%1' E7 6/I $& )&#'()$ /# 1H/6(/$*&# &4 $81 1256&71%\C /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12A
G81 5%&)1CC (C(/667 *#H&6H1C $8%11 61H16C &4 /)$*H*$7R
H0'/,-1-3.,-%/4 "#C51)$ $81 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 5&6*)*1C@ 56/#C@ 5%&)1'(%1C@ 5%&)1CC1C $&
*'1#$*47 I8/$ 1D*C$CA
5/.$&)-)4 i*CC1)$ /#' $8&%&(0867 C$('7 1/)8 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 5&6*)7@ 56/#@
5%&)1'(%1@ 5%&)1CC $& (#'1%C$/#' I8/$ $817 6&&U 6*U1A G81 '1H*6 *C *# $81 '1$/*6A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 32/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :7 &4 C:
!=.$+.,-%/4 9&25/%1 /#' )&#$%/C$ 1/)8 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 5&6*)7@ 56/#@ 5%&)1'(%1@
5%&)1CC /0/*#C$ E1#)82/%UC /#' E1C$ 5%/)$*)1C $& Q('01 $81*% 1441)$*H1#1CCA
"4 7&( E16*1H1 $81%1 /%1 I1/U#1CC1C *# 7&(% 1256&71%\C /))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12@ 2/U1 C(%1 $&
$/U1 #&$1C &# $81 E18/H*&%C /#' )&#'*$*&#C 7&( C11 *# $81 I&%U56/)1 $8/$ 2/7 E1 5&*#$*#0 $&
/))&(#$/E*6*$7 C7C$12 5&6*)*1C@ 56/#C@ 5%&)1CC1C@ /#' 5%&)1'(%1C $8/$ /%1 *#/'1M(/$1 &% 2*CC*#0A
NI/6#/*-)0 9"$ S,,"#)*/5-6-*7
+,-F 6&&UC 5%*2/%*67 4&% $I& 5%&0%/2 16121#$C I81# 1H/6(/$*#0 /# 1256&71% 4&%
/))&(#$/E*6*$7R 3&6*)7 /#' )&#C1M(1#)1CA +,-F '&1C #&$ 2/#'/$1 C51)*4*)
%1)&0#*$*&#h'*C)*56*#/%7 5%&)1'(%1CR G8/$\C $81 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 &4 $81 1256&71%A W($@ /# 1441)$*H1
5%&)1'(%1 $8/$ *C I%*$$1# /#' )61/%67 )&22(#*)/$1' C8&(6' E1 *# 56/)1A i&1C 7&(% )&25/#7
8/H1 / I%*$$1# 5&6*)7 $8/$ /''%1CC1C /))&(#$/E*6*$7^ "4 *$ '&1C@ /%1 $81 $8%11 U17 )&25#$C
/''%1CC1'^
;<"2% /,,"#)*/56& 9"$ =</*@
`256&71%C /%1 816' /))&(#$/E61 E7 6/I 4&% 1#C(%*#0 / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 I&%U56/)1@ /#'
1256&711C /%1 816' /))&(#$/E61 E7 $81*% 1256&71%C 4&% *#'*H*'(/6 C/41$7 E18/H*&%A "$\C
*25&%$/#$ $& #&$1 $8/$ *4 1256&711C /%1 e125&I1%1'e f/($8&%*N1'g $& 51%4&%2 )1%$/*#
%1C5&#C*E*6*$*1C /#' 8/H1 )&#$%&6 &H1% $8&C1 %1C5&#C*E*6*$*1Cm $817 C8&(6' /6C& E1 816'
/))&(#$/E61A _&% *#C$/#)1@ *4 $817 /%1 125&I1%1' $& 4*D 2*#&% 8/N/%'C *# $81*% I&%U /%1/@ $817
C8&(6' %1/6*N1 $8/$ *4 $817 '&#\$ 4&66&I $8%&(08 $817 C8&(6' 1D51)$ C&21 C&%$ &4 )&#C1M(1#)1C
/C / %1C(6$A
;<&) /$& )&0/*-I& ,")%&J#&),&% /44$"4$-/*&@
3($ 7&(%C164 *#$& $81 %&61 &4 / C(51%H*C&%A "$ 2/7 #&$ E1 /55%&5%*/$1 $& /'2*#*C$1% '*C)*56*#/%7
5%&)1'(%1C 1H1# *4 *$ 4*%C$ /551/%C $8/$ /# 1256&711 *C #&$ )&2567*#0 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61CA W14&%1
'*C)*56*#*#0 /# 1256&711@ *$ *C /55%&5%*/$1 $& 4*%C$ /CU C&21 H1%7 *25&%$/#$ M(1C$*&#C $&
'1$1%2*#1 *4 7&(@ /C / C(51%H*C&%@ 8/H1 4(64*661' 7&(% &I# C/41$7 %1C5&#C*E*6*$*1C /'1M(/$167A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 33/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :: &4 C:
G& $8*#U &4 *$ /#&$81% I/7@ 7&( 2/7 E1 5&*#$*#0 $81 4*#01% &4 '*C)*56*#1 /$ /# 1256&711@ E($
%1212E1%@ $81 &$81% 4*#01%C /%1 /66 5&*#$*#0 E/)U /$ 7&(@ /C *4 $& /CU C&21 H1%7 5&*#$1'
M(1C$*&#C /E&($ 8&I I166 7&( /%1 4(64*66*#0 7&(% C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$*1CA
G81 4*%C$ C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7R 3%&H*'*#0 / C/41 1#H*%#$A FC C$/$1' 1/%6*1%@  H1%7
*25&%$/#$ C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7 *C $& 5%&H*'1 / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 I&%U /%1/A G8*C 21/#C
5%&H*'*#0 /66 $8&C1 %1C&(%)1C #1)1CC/%7 4&% 1256&711C $& )&2561$1 $81*% $/CUC C/4167A
d(25 4&% 2&%1 *#4&%2/$*&# &# 5%&H*'*#0 / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 I&%U /%1/A
G81 C1)&#' C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7R ,/41$7 G%/*#*#0A 3%&H*'*#0 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0 *C 1D$%12167
*25&%$/#$ C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7A G%/*#*#0 $1/)81C $81 CU*66C $& /5567 $81 U#&I61'01 $81
1256&711 8/C 61/%#1'A i12&#C$%/$*&# *C $81 U17 $& 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0A
?& *#1 /#' Q(25 4&% 2&%1 *#4&%2/$*&# &# 5%&H*'*#0 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0A
G81 $8*%' C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7R ,/41$7 +H1%C*08$A +,-F /$$/)81C / %/$81% #/%%&I '14*#*$*&#
$& $81 $1%2 eC(51%H*C*&#@e )&#C*'1%*#0 *$ $& E1 5%*2/%*67 / )&#$%&6 /#' 2&#*$&%*#0 4(#)$*&#A
+,-F 1D51)$C C&21 I*$8 /($8&%*$7 $& &H1%C11 I&%U E1*#0 /))&256*C81' $& 2/U1 C(%1
(#C/41 I&%U )&#'*$*&#C '& #&$ 1D*C$@ /#' $8/$ 1256&711C (C1 C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1CA F'1M(/$1
C(51%H*C*&# 21/#C '1$1)$*#0 /#' )&%%1)$*#0 8/N/%'C E14&%1 $817 )/(C1 /# *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CCA
?& *#1 /#' Q(25 81%1 4&% 2&%1 *#4&%2/$*&# &# C/41$7 C(51%H*C*&#A
G81 4&(%$8 C(51%H*C&% /))&(#$/E*6*$7R #4&%)*#0 C/41$7 %(61CA F))&(#$/E*6*$7 *C 01#1%/667 $8&(08$
$& 21/# e1#4&%)121#$ &4 C/41$7 %(61Ce (C*#0 5%&0%1CC*H1 '*C)*56*#1A -&I1H1%@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $&
(#'1%C$/#' $8/$ )&#C1M(1#)1C 2/7 $/U1 2/#7 4&%2C@ /#' $8/$ $817 /%1 #&$ /6I/7C #10/$*H1A "4
5%&0%1CC*H1 '*C)*56*#1 *C (C1'@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $8/$ C(51%H*C&%C (#'1%C$/#' 8&I $& /'2*#*C$1% *$
4/*%67 /#' )&#C*C$1#$67A
?& *#1 /#' Q(25 81%1 4&% 2&%1 *#4&%2/$*&# &# 1#4&%)*#0 C/41$7 %(61CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 34/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :E &4 C:
R/%* ;"$+%
P166@ $8/$ I/C / 6&$ &4 *#4&%2/$*&#A O&( 61/%#1' $8/$ $81 )&25#$C &4 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 /#'
/))&(#$/E*6*$7 /%1 '*441%1#$A F))&(#$/E*6*$7 8/C $8%11 E/C*) )&25#$CR 1C$/E6*C81' C$/#'/%'C@
21$8&'C &4 21/C(%121#$@ /#' )&#C1M(1#)1CA O&( /6C& 61/%#1' $8/$ C(51%H*C&%C 8/H1/))&(#$/E*6*$*1C /CC&)*/$1' I*$8 )&#$%&66*#0 $81 I&%U56/)1@ /#' 1256&711C 8/H1 /))&(#$/E*6*$*1C
%16/$1' $& 51%C&#/6 E18/H*&%A B&I *$\C $*21 $& $/U1 $81 2&'(61 M(*NA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 35/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :F &4 C:
."+#6& Q P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
GB $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> L+2@4 5+;/ P<AA'(@.<L;+P D<0 L+ /+=2@+/ <* L+2@4 <L;+ .' 42J+ .5+
)245. <@*M+)* .' <@0 O(+*.2'@* .5<. D245. L+ <*N+/B
/A $%(1
EA 4/6C1
,B !@+ '= .5+ 2D3').<@. )+*3'@*2L2;2.2+* '= < *(3+)J2*') ') D<@<4+) 2* .' D<N+ *()+ *<=+.0 2*
A'@*2/+)+/ M5+@ 3()A5<*2@4 D<.+)2<;*> +O(23D+@.> <@/ .'';* =') +D3;'0++*R
/A
$%(1EA 4/6C1
HB $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> M52A5 '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 2* < O(+*.2'@ < D<@<4+) *5'(;/ <*N =2)*.
L+=')+ A'@*2/+)2@4 /2*A23;2@+R
/A -/H1 " 5%&H*'1' /'1M(/$1 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0^
EA -/H1 " 5%&H*'1' /'1M(/$1 %1C&(%)1C^
)A -/H1 " 5%&H*'1' 5%&51% C/41$7 C(51%H*C*&#^
'A F66 &4 $81 /E&H1
CB _'( <)+ < *(3+)J2*') <@/ 0'( 5<J+ `(*. @'.2A+/ <@ +D3;'0++ /)2J2@4 < =')N;2=. <. <
/<@4+)'(* *3++/ 2@ .5+ M<)+5'(*+B ^'/<0 2* 52* =2)*. /<0 <. M')NB != .5+ =2J+ O(+*.2'@* 0'(
*5'(;/ <*N 0'()*+;= .' /+.+)D2@+ 2= /2*A23;2@+ 2* <33)'3)2<.+> M52A5 '@+ 2* D'*. ;2N+;0 4'2@4 .'
L+ <@*M+)+/ @'R
/A -/H1 " 5%&H*'1' /C C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 I&%U /%1/^
EA -/H1 " 5%&H*'1' /55%&5%*/$1 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0^
)A -/H1 " 5%&H*'1' 5%&51% C/41$7 C(51%H*C*&#^'A -/H1 " 1#4&%)1' C/41$7 %(61C *# $81 5/C$^
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 36/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :G &4 C:
9-B $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> .' L(2;/ < 5245 ;+J+; '= .)(*. L+.M++@ D<@<4+D+@. <@/ ;<L')>
<AA'(@.<L2;2.0 D(*. L+T
/A %1H*1I1' E7 $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11
EA /556*1' *221'*/$167 /4$1% $81 H*&6/$*&#)A /556*1' )&#C*C$1#$67 /$ /66 61H16C &4 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#
'A (#'1%C$&&' E7 /66
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 37/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :, &4 C:
."+#6& UC N146"7&& ()I"6I&1&)*
()*$"+#,*-")
"$\C '*44*)(6$ $& 8/H1 /# 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2 I*$8&($ '1H16&5*#0 / )&%5&%/$1
C/41$7 )(6$(%1 $8/$ 1#)&(%/01C 01#(*#1 1256&711 *#H&6H121#$A
FC I1 '*C)&H1%1' *# .&'(61 GI&@ 1256&711C /%1 816' /))&(#$/E61 E7 $81 1256&71% 4&% $8%11
51%C&#/6 E18/H*&%CR f=g )&2567*#0 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C@ f;g %15&%$*#0 I&%U56/)1 *#Q(%*1C
*221'*/$167@ /#' f>g %15&%$*#0 8/N/%'CA P1 /6C& 61/%#1' $8/$ 2/U*#0 C/41$7 C(001C$*&#C /#'
*#H&6H121#$ *# / C/41$7 )&22*$$11 &% $1/2 /%1 $I& H1%7 *25&%$/#$ E18/H*&%C $8/$@ /6$8&(08
#&$ 2/#'/$1'@ C8&(6' E1 C$%C 1#)&(%/01'A "$ 2/U1C C1#C1 4&% $81 )&25/#7 $& '1H16&5
C$%/$10*1C $8/$ 5%&2&$1 $81C1 1256&711 E18/H*&%CA
G8*C 2&'(61 I*66 1D56&%1 C&21 &4 $81 1441)$*H1 C$%/$10*1C 4&% *#)%1/C*#0 1256&711 *#H&6H121#$
*# I&%U56/)1 C/41$7A P1\66 5%*2/%*67 /''%1CC 1441)$*H1 %1)&0#*$*&# E1)/(C1@ /C I1 61/%#1'
1/%6*1%@ I1 '& I8/$ I1 '& $& /H&*' #10/$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C &% &E$/*# 5&C*$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1CA
L1)&0#*$*&# /C / 5&C*$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1 )/# E1 M(*$1 1441)$*H1 *# '%/2/$*)/667 *#)%1/C*#0 '/*67
*#H&6H121#$ *# C/41$7A b1$\C C11 I8/$ .*)8/16 G&54 8/C $& C/7 /E&($ 1256&711 *#H&6H121#$R
@8., -) !"#$%&'' H/=%$='"'/, \ F-38.'$ I: K%#1
@8., 0%') -, $%%D $-D'6
!"#$%&'' -/=%$='"'/,::: ?"'./) #.(,-3-#.,-%/ 2& '"#$%&'') ., '='(& $'='$: @8'/ +)'0 .) #.(,
%1 ,8' ,'(" '"#$%&'' %9/'()8-#C ?'"#$%&''? 0%') /%, ('1'( +/-Y+'$& ,% $-/' %( 8%+($& 9%(D'()C
2+, ,% '='(&%/' -/=%$='0 -/ ,8' %(<./-A.,-%/ ., '='(& $'='$ ./0 -/ '='(& 0'#.(,"'/,:
@8., 0%') -, ('Y+-('6
E%( ./& ).1',&C 8'.$,8 ./0 '/=-(%/"'/,.$ -"#(%='"'/, #(%3')) ,% 2'3%"' )'$1\)+),.-/-/< ./0
)+33'))1+$C -, /''0) ,% 2'3%"' . )'."$')) #.(, %1 ,8' %(<./-A.,-%/: K8-) -) 0%+2$& ,(+' -1 ,8'
0')-('0 '/0 (')+$, -) '"#$%&'' %9/'()8-#: K% ,8., '/0C ,8' #(%3')) ./0 -,) 2'/'1-,) "+), 2' )''/
.) 8.=-/< =.$+' 1%( ,8' '"#$%&'')C ,8'-( 1."-$-') ./0 %,8'() -/ ,8' 3%"#./&:? F-38.'$ I: K%#1C
L(')-0'/,C K8' K%#1 P(<./-A.,-%/ 999:K%#1P(<:3%" P33+#.,-%/.$ [.A.(0)C F.& UTTT:
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 38/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :H &4 C:
8#,,&%%9#6 $&,"0)-*-") 4$"0$/1% $&J#-$& %1/$* 1/)/0&1&)* /)+ %*$")0 6&/+&$%<-4
"$\C *25&%$/#$ $& (#'1%C$/#' $8/$ /'2*#*C$1%*#0 e5%&0%/2Ce *C E/C*)/667 / 2/#/0121#$ 4(#)$*&#
%1M(*%*#0 1441)$*H1 &%0/#*N/$*&#/6 CU*66A ./#7 )&25/#*1C '1H16&5 /#' *256121#$ 4&%2/6 C/41$7
%1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C E1)/(C1@ I166@ $8/$\C I8/$ $817\H1 E11# $&6' I&%UC E1C$ /#' $8/$\C I8/$
1H1%7 16C1 '&1CA G81%1 /%1 2/#7 '*441%1#$ $751C &4 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2 C$%/$10*1C
(C1' /#' 5%&2&$1' $81C1 '/7CA +4 )&(%C1@ C&21 /%1 2&%1 1441)$*H1 $8/# &$81%C@ E($ $81%1 *C
)1%$/*#67 #& J4*$CJ/66 5%&0%/2 /H/*6/E61 $&'/7A G& E1 C())1CC4(6@ $81 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2
2(C$ 4*$ $81 (#*M(1 )(6$(%1 &4 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#A
_&% *#C$/#)1@ 7&( )/#\$ I&%U / 8*0867 5/%$*)*5/$*H1 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2 C())1CC4(667 *# /#
&55%1CC*H167 /($8&%*$/%*/# )&%5&%/$1 )(6$(%1A "$ Q(C$ I&#\$ I&%UA +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ / I&%6'J
)6/CC C/41$7 )(6$(%1 2/7 #&$ '1H16&5 / 2/#/01' C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2 I*$8 4&%2/6
5%&)1'(%1CA L/$81%@ 2/#/01%C I*66 6*U167 51%)1*H1 $81 5%&)1CC &4 %1)&0#*$*&# /C $81*%
&55&%$(#*$7 $& '12&#C$%/$1 61/'1%C8*5 C& $8/$ (6$*2/$167@ 5&C*$*H1 I&%U*#0 %16/$*&#C8*5C /%1
1C$/E6*C81' &% %1*#4&%)1'A
_%&2 L&E1%$R " C1$ (5 / #1I C(001C$*&# E&D /$ 27 6/C$ &44*)1A `256&711C I1%1 *#4&%21' *$ I/C
$81%1 $& (C1 4&% /#7 C(001C$*&#C $817 2/7 8/H1A " I&(6' )81)U *$ &#)1 / '/7 /#' $817 )&(6'
1*$81% C*0# $81*% C(001C$*&# &% #&$A F66 C(001C$*&#C I&(6' E1 6&&U1' *#$& /#' p$81q 51%C&#
2/U*#0 $81 C(001C$*&# I&(6' E1 /'H*C1' &4 $81 &($)&21 I*$8*# fTg '/7C &%@ *4 $81 C(001C$*&#
I/C (#C*0#1'@ $81 &($)&21 I&(6' E1 /##&(#)1' /$ &(% #1D$ C/41$7 211$*#0A
W1)/(C1 &4 $81 4116*#0 *$ I/C /66 / E*0 Q&U1 /#7I/7 /#' #&  %1/667 )/%1'@ C  51%C&# *#
=; 2&#$8C 2/'1 / C(001C$*&#A " 8/#'61' *$ Q(C$ /C " C/*' " I&(6'A "4 $81 1256&711\C C(001C$*&#
I/C C()8 $8/$ " )&(6' 4*D *$ I*$8&($ 01$$*#0 /55%&H/6@ " '*' C&A i*'#\$ C112 $& 1#)&(%/01
&$81%CA G81 %1/6 5%&E612 I/C $817 8/' 81/%' *$ /66 E14&%1 /#' Q(C$ '*'#\$ E16*1H1 /#72&%1A
O&( I*66 4*#' $8/$ C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C I&%U E1C$ I81# $817 1D*C$ I*$8*# / 4%/21I&%U &4
C$%� 61/'1%C8*5A -&I1H1%@ *4 7&(% )&25/#7 '&1C #&$ )(%%1#$67 8/H1 / 4&%2/6 C/41$7
%1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2@ *$ '&1C#\$ #1)1CC/%*67 21/# C/41$7 *#)1#$*H1C /#' %1)&0#*$*&# /%1 #&$ *#
56/)1 /#' E1*#0 (C1' 1441)$*H167A "$ Q(C$ 21/#C / 4&%2/6 5%&0%/2 8/C #&$ E11# 1C$/E6*C81'A "#
$81 E1C$ )/C1 C)1#/%*& I81%1 $81%1 *C $81 5%1C1#)1 &4 C$%�@ $&(08J)/%*#0 C/41$7 61/'1%C8*5@ /
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 39/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 :C &4 C:
4&%2/6 5%&0%/2 2/7 #&$ E1 #11'1' E1)/(C1 61/'1%C /%1 %10(6/%67 5%&H*'*#0 21/#*#04(6
*#)1#$*H1C /#' %1)&0#*$*&# *#4&%2/667@ J&#J $& $81*% 1256&711CA
,&@ *# 1H/6(/$*#0 7&(% &%0/#*N/$*&#C #11' 4&% *#)1#$*H1C /#' %1)&0#*$*&#@ $/U1 / 0&&' 6&&U /$ $81
)(%%1#$ M(/6*$7 &4 61/'1%C8*5A "4 7&( E16*1H1 C/41$7 61/'1%C8*5 )&(6' E1 *25%&H1'@ *$\C 5%&E/E67 /0&&' *'1/ $& $8*#U /E&($ *#$%&'()*#0 /#' *256121#$*#0 C&21 &4 $81 *'1/C 5%1C1#$1' *# $8*C
2&'(61 $& 7&(% C/41$7 )&22*$$11 &% C/41$7 '*%1)$&%A W7 '&*#0 C&@ 7&(% )&25/#7 2/7
*256121#$ /# 1441)$*H1 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2 $8/$ )/# /6C& /)$ /C / )/$/67C$ $& 8165 2&H1 $81
)&%5&%/$1 )(6$(%1 $&I/%'C C$%� C/41$7 61/'1%C8*5A
9%4"E#<$<"# /#1 .%F/.1&
N'9.(0) .(' <('.,:::
,/41$7 %1I/%'C )&21 *# / E/N*66*&# )&6&%C@ 46/H&%C@ /#' H/%*1$*1CA P1 /%1 /66 2&$*H/$1' E7
5%*2/%*67 $I& $751C &4 %1I/%'CR 1D$%*#C*) /#' *#$%*#C*)A \].)2@*2A %1I/%'C /%1 $/#0*E61 /#'
1D$1%#/6A O&( )/# $&()8@ 1/$@ C11@ C2166@ &% &$81%I*C1 (C1 $812A +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ 2@.)2@*2A
%1I/%'C /%1 *#$/#0*E61@ *#$1%#/6@ /#' 8&(C1' I*$8*# (CA ,11 C&21 1D/2561CA
]+,C ('3%</-,-%/ -) 2',,'(:::
B&I@ )&#C*'1% $8*CA "C *$ $81 %1I/%'@ *$C164@ &% $81 %1)&0#*$*&# 7&( %1)1*H1 $8/$ 2/$$1%C 2&C$^
b*U1 2/#7 &$81%C@ 7&( 5%&E/E67 $8*#U $8/$ $81 %1)&0#*$*&# E18*#' $81 %1I/%' *C 2&C$ *25&%$/#$AP1 6*U1 $& E1 %1)&0#*N1' /#' /55%1)*/$1' 4&% I8/$ I1 '&A "$ 2/U1C (C 4116 $8/$ I1 /%1 H/6(/E61@
*25&%$/#$@ /#' / 5/%$ &4 / $1/2AAAC&21$8*#0 E*001% $8/# &(%C16H1CA ?& *#1 $& $/U1 / 6&&U
?1*061\C =T ,$15C $& `441)$*H1 L1)&0#*$*&#A
G;% C<E &%4.%$, H$I& #"$ F;/$ :"8 .%F/.1 F<$;DDD<$I& F;/$ :"8 .%F/.1
P81# '1C*0#*#0 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C *$ *C *25&%$/#$ $& %1212E1% *$\C #&$ $81 #/$(%1 &4
$81 %1I/%' $8/$ *C 2&C$ *25&%$/#$R $81 E*0 C1)%1$ *C %1)&0#*N*#0 /55%&5%*/$1 E18/H*&% *# $81
%*08$ I/7A G& E1 2&C$ 1441)$*H1@ /C 7&( 61/%#1' E7 %1/'*#0 $81 =T ,$15C $& `441)$*H1 L1)&0#*$*&#@
%1)&0#*$*&# #11'C #&$ E1 4&%2/6 /#' 4/#)7A G& E1 2&C$ 1441)$*H1@ %1)&0#*$*&# #11'C $& )&21
4%&2 $81 81/%$A b*C$1# $&  &4 ,$1H1\C C8&%$ eC/41$7 C1%2&#Ce &# 5&6*)7J'%*H1# HCA 81/%$J'%*H1#
%1)&0#*$*&#A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 40/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 E- &4 C:
9%/4$<A% &/2%$: <#4%#$<A% =."E./*&
"# .&'(61 +#1@ I1 $/6U1' /E&($ $81 )&#)15$C &4 %1/)$*H1 /#' 5%&/)$*H1 C/41$7 5%&0%/2CA ,/41$7
*#)1#$*H1 5%&0%/2C )/# E1 E&$8 %1/)$*H1 /#'h&% 5%&/)$*H1@ '151#'*#0 &# $81 E18/H*&%C $8/$ /%1
E1*#0 %1)&0#*N1' /#' %1I/%'1'A
W16*1H1 *$ &% #&$@ 2&C$ )&25/#*1C *256121#$ %1/)$*H1 C/41$7 *#)1#$*H1 5%&0%/2C $8/$ %1I/%'
*#/55%&5%*/$1 E18/H*&%A P8/$ 2*08$ $8*C 2&C$ )&22&# E18/H*&% E1^
K8'& ('9.(0 ?9-,88%$0-/< -/B+(& ('#%(,):?
G8/$\C %*08$] b&&U 4&% / E/##1% &% / C*0# $8/$ C/7C@ e[<@<<< E/N*66*&# I&%U 8&(%C I*$8&($ /
%15&%$1' /))*'1#$]e P81# 7&( C11 $8/$@ 7&(\66 U#&I $81 )&25/#7 *C %1I/%'*#0 *$C 1256&711C 4&%
#&$ %15&%$*#0 $81*% *#Q(%*1CA ,(%1@ $817 2*08$ 8/H1 [<@<<< 8&(%C I*$8&($ / %15&%$1' /))*'1#$@E($ $8/$ '&1C#\$ 21/# $81 I&%U56/)1 *C /))*'1#$ 4%11R C $8/$ /))*'1#$C /%1#\$ E1*#0 %15&%$1'A
"# %1/6*$7@ $81 I&%U56/)1 2/7 E1 4(66 &4 $81 eI/6U*#0 I&(#'1'e I8& '&#\$ %15&%$ /# *#Q(%7 &%
*66#1CCA
G81 5%&E612 &))(%C I81# 1256&711C@ *# /# 144&%$ $& E1 $1/2 56/71%C /#' 6&7/6 )&JI&%U1%C@ &%
/C / %1C(6$ &4 #10/$*H1 511% 5%1CC(%1@ '& #&$ %15&%$ $81*% *#Q(%*1CA G817 '& #&$ I/#$ $& %(*# $81
C/41$7 %1)&%' 4&% $81*% '15/%$21#$A "# C&21 )/C1C $81 5%1CC(%1 *C C& 0%1/$ $817 I*66 #&$ %15&%$
/# *#Q(%7 (#$*6 $81 5/*# E1)&21C C& C1H1%1 $8/$ $817 2*CC I&%U /#' 2(C$ %15&%$ *$ $& $81*%
C(51%H*C&%A 9&#C1M(1#$67@ $81 /)$(/6 #(2E1% &4 *#Q(%*1C *# $81 I&%U56/)1 2/7 '1)6*#1@ E($ $81
C1H1%*$7 &4 1/)8 *#Q(%7 *#)%1/C1C@ /#' E1)&21C 2()8 2&%1 )&C$67A "# C()8 )/C1C@ 1H1%7E&'7
6&C1CA
+4 )&(%C1@ $81 1256&71% *C #&$ *#$1#'*#0 $& 1#)&(%/01 &% 5%&2&$1 e#&$ %15&%$*#0@e E($@
E1)/(C1 $81 *#81%1#$ C$%/$107 &4 $81 5%&0%/2 *C 46/I1'@ *$ 4(#)$*&#C (#*#$1#$*&#/667 $& '& Q(C$
$8/$A G81 1256&71% *C '&*#0 $81 %*08$ $8*#0AAAE7 8/H*#0 / %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2AAAE($ $81 1256&71%
*C '&*#0 *$ I%�AAA)&#C1M(1#$67 $81 %1C(6$ /)$(/667 4(#)$*&#C $& 8(%$ $81 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8
5%&0%/2 %/$81% $8/# 8165 *$A
G8*C (#4&%$(#/$1 C*$(/$*&# )/# E1 C11# 2&C$ 1/C*67 I81# e#&$ %15&%$*#0e *C $81 C E18/H*&%
%1I/%'1'A "4 /55%&5%*/$1 E18/H*&%C /%1 /6C& E1*#0 %1)&0#*N1' /#' %1I/%'1'@ $81 #10/$*H1
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 41/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 E9 &4 C:
*25/)$ &4 $8*C %1I/%' C$%/$107 *C '*2*#*C81'A ,&@ 61$\C $/U1 / 6&&U /$ I8/$ $8&C1 /55%&5%*/$1
E18/H*&%C /%1A
3."/4$<A% &/2%$: .%4"E#<$<"# =."E./*&
.&%1 /#' 2&%1 )&25/#*1C /%1 '*C)&H1%*#0 $8/$ $81 2&C$ 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C
/%1 5%*2/%*67 5%&/)$*H1A 3%&/)$*H1 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2C %1I/%' 1256&711 E18/H*&%C $8/$ /%1
E&$8 f=g 2/#'/$1' E7 $81 1256&71% /#'h&% +,-F %10(6/$*&#C@ /#' f;g 1#)&(%/01' E($ #&$
%1M(*%1'A F66 &4 $81 5%&/)$*H1 1256&71% E18/H*&%C 6*C$1' E16&I /)$(/667 5%1H1#$ &% 2*#*2*N1 $81
#10/$*H1 *25/)$ &4 *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A
_&% 2/#/0121#$R
3%&H*'*#0 $81 %1C&(%)1C 4&% / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 I&%U56/)1A 3%&H*'*#0 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0A
3%&H*'*#0 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 C(51%H*C*&# J &H1%C*08$A
3%&H*'*#0 /#' 2/*#$/*#*#0 / )(6$(%1 &4 $&(08J)/%*#0 /))&(#$/E*6*$7A
_&% 1256&711CR
9&2567*#0 I*$8 )&25/#7 /#' +,-F C/41$7 %(61Cm
L15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C *221'*/$167m
L15&%$*#0 8/N/%'CA
_&% /66R
./U*#0 C/41$7 C(001C$*&#CA
"#H&6H121#$ *# C/41$7 f)&22*$$11C@ $1/2C@ 1H1#$C@ 1$)AgA
G8&C1 E18/H*&%C 6*C$1' 4&% 2/#/0121#$ /#' 1256&711C /%1 2/#'/$1' E7 +,-F %10(6/$*&#CA
./U*#0 C(001C$*&#C /#' *#H&6H121#$ /%1 #&$ 2/#'/$1'@ E($ C8&(6' E1 C$%C 1#)&(%/01'A F66&4 $81C1 E18/H*&%C %15%1C1#$ 8*0867 5%&41CC*&#/6 E18/H*&% $8/$ C8&(6' /6C& E1 %1)&0#*N1'@ /#'
I81# Q(C$*4*1'@ %1I/%'1'A
P81# 1256&711C /%1 %1)&0#*N1' /#' %1I/%'1' 4&% $81C1 E18/H*&%C@ $81*% &H1%/66 *#H&6H121#$ *#
C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 *#)%1/C1C 0%1/$67A G817 E1)&21 2&%1 /I/%1@ *#$1%1C$1'@ /#' *#H&6H1' *#
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 42/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 E7 &4 C:
(#)&H1%*#0 (#C/41 I&%U )&#'*$*&#C@ (#C/41 5%/)$*)1C@ /#' C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1CA G817 U#&I $8/$
%15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C /C C&&# /C $817 &))(% %1'()1C 6&C$ I&%U $*21 /#' /))*'1#$ )&C$CA "$ 2*#*2*N1C
8(%$ f5/*#g 4&% $81 1256&711AAA/#' 8(%$ f2$/%7 6&CCg 4&% $81 1256&71%A
()*&0$/*& *<& %/9&*7 $&,"0)-*-") 4$"0$/1
,& #&I I1 )&21 /%&(#' 4(66J)*%)61 E/)U $& &(% 2/*# 5&*#$A L1)&0#*$*&# *C /)$(/667 2&%1 /
4(#)$*&# &4 61/'1%C8*5 $8/# 2/#/0121#$A F )&25/#7 $8/$ '1610/$1C C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&#
%1C5&#C*E*6*$*1C $& / C/41$7 '*%1)$&% &% / C/41$7 )&22*$$11 C1$C (5 / C7C$12 $8/$ %16*1C &# C /
41I 51&561 $& 5%&H*'1 61/'1%C8*5A +4 )&(%C1@ *$ /6C& C1#'C $81 21CC/01 $8/$ C/41$7 *C #&$ / 6*#1
%1C5&#C*E*6*$7@ E($ / C$/44 '($7A +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ /# &%0/#*N/$*&# $8/$ 56/)1C %1C5&#C*E*6*$7
CM(/%167 &# $81 81/'C &4 2/#/01%C@ C(51%H*C&%@ /#' 1256&711C 4&% %1)&0#*N*#0 5%&41CC*&#/6
C/41$7 E18/H*&%C@ 5%&H*'1C 1H1%7 I*$8 &55&%$(#*$*1C $& '*C56/7 61/'1%C8*5A
G$"/,*-I& $&,"0)-*-") 4$"0$/1% *</* ="$?
-1%1 /%1 / 41I *'1/C 4&% '1H16&5*#0 / 5%&/)$*H1 C/41$7 %1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2 4&% 7&(% )&25/#7R
=A
7.1',& ]+3D4 ,(51%H*C&%C )/%%7 C/41$7 E()UC@ /#' I81# $817 C11 C&21 '&*#0 C&21$8*#0
%*08$@ $817 %1I/%' $812A G81 1256&711 )/# $/U1 $81 C/41$7 E()U $& $81 )&25/#7 )/41$1%*/
4&% 6(#)8@ &% $817 )/# (C1 *$ /$ / 6&)/6 5/%$*)*5/$*#0 C$&%1 $& 5(%)8/C1 *$12CA
;A
]%/+) L(%<(."4 P81# /# 1256&711 *'1#$*4*1C / 8/N/%' *# $81 I&%U56/)1 $8/$ )&(6' )/(C1
C1%*&(C 587C*)/6 8/%2 &% / 4/$/6*$7@ $817 /%1 %1I/%'1' I*$8 / E&#(C )81)UA "# C&21 )/C1C $81
E&#(C )81)U *C / 4*D1' /2&(#$A "# &$81% 5%&0%/2C $81 E&#(C )81)U *C / C2/66 51%)1#$/01 &4
$81 5&$1#$*/6 '*%1)$ )&C$ 4&% $81 /))*'1#$ $8/$ 2*08$ 8/H1 &))(%%1'A W7 $81 I/7@ $81 /H1%/01
'*%1)$ )&C$ 4&% / '*C/E6*#0 )6/*2 *# *C /%&(#' o=<@<<<A i&1C#\$ *$ 2/U1 C1#C1 $& %1I/%' /#
*#'*H*'(/6 I*$8 o=<< 4&% *'1#$*47*#0 / 8/N/%' $8/$ )&(6' 5&$1#$*/667 )&C$ $81 )&25/#7
$8&(C/#'C^
>A 7.1',& ['(%4 F4$1% /# 1D$1#'1' 51%*&' &4 $*21@ 1256&711C /%1 %1I/%'1' I*$8 / )1%$*4*)/$1 &%
E&#(C )81)U 4&% )&2567*#0 I*$8 )&25/#7 C/41$7 %(61CA
VA
N'#%(,-/< H/B+(-')4 P/*$ / 2*#($1AAAi& " %1/667 21/# $8/$ 1256&711C C8&(6' E1 %1)&0#*N1'
4&% %15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C^ G8/$\C %*08$A "4 1256&711C %15&%$ *#Q(%*1C *221'*/$167@ $817 #&$ C
2*#*2*N1 $81 587C*)/6h5C7)8&6&0*)/6 *25/)$ &4 $81 *#Q(%7 &# $812C16H1C@ $817 %1'()1 $81
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 43/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 E: &4 C:
'*%1)$h*#'*%1)$ /))*'1#$ )&C$C $& $81 )&25/#7A W&$8 $81 *#'*H*'(/6 /#' $81 )&25/#7 I*# *4
$81 1256&711 %15&%$C *#Q(%*1C *221'*/$167A
G81C1 /%1 Q(C$ / C/2561 &4 2/#7 *'1/C /H/*6/E61A G81%1 /%1 2/#7 &$81% I/7C $& %1)&0#*N1
1256&711C E1*#0 (C1' E7 )&25/#*1C /)%&CC $81 )&(#$%7A 9/66 7&(% 6&)/6 +,-F &44*)1 $& C11 *4
$817 U#&I &4 )&25/#*1C *# 7&(% /%1/ $8/$ 8/H1 '1H16&51' C())1CC4(6 5%&/)$*H1 C/41$7
%1)&0#*$*&# 5%&0%/2CA jC1 $8&C1 )&25/#*1C /C E1#)82/%UCA
P166@ $8/$ /E&($ I%/5C *$ (5 4&% $8*C 2&'(61A "# $81 #1D$ 2&'(61@ I1\66 $/U1 / 6&&U /$
)&22(#*)/$*&#C /#' $81 (C1 &4 C/41$7 )&22*$$11CA G81 C $/CU 614$ *C $81 2&'(61 M(*N E16&IA
?&&' b()U]
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 44/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 EE &4 C:
."+#6& U P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
99B S(4*> `<AN+.*> *<=+.0 L(AN*> 32KK< 3<).2+*> A+).2=2A<.+*> <@/ L'@(*+* <)+ <;; +]<D3;+* '=T
/A *#$/#0*E61 %1)&0#*$*&#
EA $/#0*E61 %1I/%'C
)A 1441)$*H1 %15%*2/#'C
'A $%*)U7 %1'*%1)$*&#
97B U52A5 '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 2* < L+5<J2') .032A<;;0 )+M<)/+/ 2@ < )+<A.2J+ *<=+.0 2@[email protected]+
3)'4)<DR
/A )&2567*#0 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C
EA %15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C
)A I*$88&6'*#0 *#Q(%7 %15&%$C
'A %15&%$*#0 -/N/%'C
9:B ^' L+ *(AA+**=(;> .5+ )+A'[email protected]'@ 3)'4)<D D(*.T
/A 4*$ $81 (#*M(1 )(6$(%1 &4 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#
EA E1 4&%2/667 /55%&H1' E7 $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11
)A 211$ 0&H1%#21#$/6 %10(6/$&%7 %1M(*%121#$C
'A /6I/7C %1)&0#*N1 /))*'1#$ %1)&%'C
9EB $;; '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 <)+ L+5<J2')* D<@/<.+/ L0 !"#$ ;<M +]A+3.T
/A )&2567*#0 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C
EA %15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C
)A %15&%$*#0 8/N/%'C
'A 2/U*#0 C(001C$*&#C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 45/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 EF &4 C:
9FB U52A5 '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 2* @'. < 3)'<A.2J+ L+5<J2') .5<. 5+;3* 3)+J+@. ') D2@2D2K+ .5+
@+4<.2J+ 2D3<A. '= 2@`()2+* <@/ 2;;@+**+* 2@ .5+ M')N3;<A+R
/A )&2567*#0 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C
EA I*$88&6'*#0 *#Q(%7 %15&%$C)A %15&%$*#0 8/N/%'C
'A 2/U*#0 C(001C$*&#C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 46/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 EG &4 C:
."+#6& VC N99&,*-I& !"11#)-,/*-")%
()*$"+#,*-")
"# .&'(61 G8%11@ I1 61/%#1' /E&($ $81 *25&%$/#)1 &4 %1)&0#*N*#0 /55%&5%*/$1 C/41$7 E18/H*&%C
$& *25%&H1 1256&711 *#H&6H121#$@ $81 $8*%' 16121#$ &4 / I&%6'J)6/CC C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8
2/#/0121#$ )(6$(%1A "# $8*C 2&'(61 I1\66 )&#$*#(1 61/%#*#0 /E&($ *#)%1/C*#0 1256&711
*#H&6H121#$ $8%&(08 1441)$*H1 )&22(#*)/$*&#CA 441)$*H1 )&22(#*)/$*&#C *C 1D$%12167
*25&%$/#$ $& $81 0&/6 &4 *#)%1/C*#0 1256&711 *#H&6H121#$ *# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8A ,U*661' C/41$7
)&22(#*)/$*&#C I*66 C(55&%$ 61/'1%C8*5@ /$ /66 61H16C@ 4%&2 $81 9`+ $& $81 1256&711A ,&@ 61$\C
01$ C$/%$1' I*$8 / %1H*1I &4 C&21 E/C*) )&22(#*)/$*&#C )&#)15$C /#' 5%*#)*561CA
L1$(%# $& C1#'1%AAA
`256&71%C 5($ $*21 /#' 2 *#$& 1256&711 C/41$7 4&%  &% 2&%1 E/C*) %1/C&#CA
G81 2&C$ E/C*) )&22(#*)/$*&# $81&%7 $/6UC /E&($ $81 %1M(*%121#$ 4&% E&$8 / C1#'1% /#'
%1)1*H1% *# $81 )&22(#*)/$*&# 5%&)1CCA G81 )8/%/)$1%*C$*)C &4 $81 C1#'1% /#' %1)1*H1% 2/7 E1
M(*$1 '*441%1#$A _&% *#C$/#)1@ )&22(#*)/$*&# 2/7 $/U1 56/)1 E1$I11# $I& *#'*H*'(/6C@ $I&
0%&(5C@ $I& )&25/#*1C@ $I& #/$*&#C@ /#' C&21$*21 *# $81 4($(%1AAAf2/7E1g E1$I11# $I&
I&%6'CA F6$8&(08 $81 C)&51 &4 $81 )&22(#*)/$*&#C 5%&)1CC 2/7 1D5/#'@ $81 5%&)1CC C$*66 E&*6C
'&I# $& E/C*)/667 $I& 51&561 $/6U*#0 &H1% H/%*&(C )8/##16CA
G81 C1#'1% *#*$*/$1C $81 )&22(#*)/$*&# /#' $81 %1)1*H1% %1)1*H1C@ *#$1%5%1$C@ /#' %1C5&#'C $&
$81 )&22(#*)/$*&#A F$ $8*C 5&*#$ $81 *#*$*/6 C1#'1% /CC(21C $81 %&61 &4 %1)1*H1%A P81%1 /#'
8&I $81 5%&)1CC 1#'C '151#'C &# $81 5(%5&C1 &4 $81 )&22(#*)/$*&# /#' $81 '7#/2*)C &4 $81
5%&)1CC *$C164A `H1# $81 C*2561C$ )&22(#*)/$*&# E1$I11# $I& *#'*H*'(/6C 2/7 E1 / H1%7
)&256*)/$1' 5%&)1CCA
H,J) /%, 98., &%+ ).&:::-,J) 8%9 &%+ ).& -,>
F#&$81% *25&%$/#$ )&#)15$ *# )&22(#*)/$*&#C *C $81 GI&Jb1H16 G81&%7 I8*)8 C$/$1C $8/$ *# /#7
)&22(#*)/$*&#C 5%&)1CC 21CC/01C /%1 C1#$ /#' %1)1*H1' &# $I& 61H16CA G81 4*%C$ 61H16 *C )/661'
$81 )&#$1#$ 61H16 /#' '1C)%*E1C C I8/$ *C C1#$A G81 C *#4&%2/$*&# $%/#C41%%1' /$ $8*C 61H16
*C '/$/@ (C(/667 *# $81 4&%2 &4 C5&U1# I&%'CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 47/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 E, &4 C:
,51/U*#0 &4 '/$/AAA i/$/@ $81 /#'%&*' &# ,$/% G%1U C )&22(#*)/$1C &# $81 )&#$1#$ 61H16A "4
7&( /%1 4/2*6*/% I*$8 $8*C )8/%/)$1% 7&( U#&I $8/$ $81 4/*6(%1 $& )&22(#*)/$1 &# / %16/$*&#C8*5
61H16 5%1H1#$C 8*2 4%&2 E1)&2*#0 2&%1 6*U1 8*C 8(2/# )&(#$1%5/%$CA
G81 C1)&#' 61H16 &4 )&22(#*)/$*&# 1D*C$C &# / 8*081%@ 2&%1 /EC$%/)$ 56/#1A "$\C )/661' $81
%16/$*&#C8*5 61H16 I8*)8 '1C)%*E1C $81 )&22(#*)/$*&# $8/$ 1C$/E6*C81C $81 %16/$*&#C8*5 E1$I11#
$81 C1#'1% /#' $81 %1)1*H1%A "$ *C 8&I $81 21CC/01 *C C1#$ $8/$ C1$C (5 $81 %16/$*&#C8*5A
L16/$*&#C8*5C E1$I11# C1#'1% /#' %1)1*H1% /%1 /6I/7C 1C$/E6*C81' I*$8 1H1%7 )&22(#*)/$*&#A
?1#1%/667 $81 $ &4 H&*)1 /#' E&'7 6/#0(/01 )&2E*#1 $& C1$ (5 %16/$*&#C8*5CA
W/)U $& ,$/% G%1U f$81 &%*0*#/6 C1%*1Cg] d/21C c*%U@ $81 9/5$/*# &4 $81 ,$/%C8*5 `#$1%5%*C1@ /6I/7C
)&22(#*)/$1' &# E&$8 $81 )&#$1#$ 61H16 /#' %16/$*&#C8*5 61H16@ I8*61 .%A ,5&)U@ &(% 4/H&%*$1
r(6)/#@ $%*1' I*$8 C&21 '*44*)(6$7 $& )&22(#*)/$1 C &# $81 )&#$1#$ 61H16A 9&#C1M(1#$67 81
/6I/7C /551/%1' )&&6@ )/62@ )&6'@ /#' 21)8/#*)/6A
b1$\C $/U1 / )6&C1% 6&&U /$ $81 '7#/2*)C &4 )&#$1#$h%16/$*&#C8*5 )&22(#*)/$*&#CR
()*+, -!$."*)/0
98/%6*1 31#'1%0/C$ *C C*$$*#0 /$ $81 E%1/U4/C$ $/E61 %1/'*#0 $81 2&%#*#0 5/51% I8*61 8*C I*41@
?6&%*/ *C )&&U*#0 (5 C&21 $(%U17 C/(C/01 /#' 100C fG817 $/U1 $(%#C )&&U*#0gA 98/%6*1
C(''1#67 6&&UC (5 4%&2 $81 5/51% /#' /CUC %/$81% 46*%$/$*&(C67@ e+8 '1/%@ I81# /%1 $8&C1 100C
0&*#0 $& E1 '^e ?6&%*/ *C 01$$*#0 5&C*$*H1 /$$1#$*&# 4%&2 98/%6*1 /#' %1C5&#'C )/C(/667
I*$8@ e-1%1 $817 )&21 #&I@ '1/%@e /#' E%*#0C 98/%6*1 / #*)1 56/$1 &4 E/)&# /#' 100C@ /#'
0*H1C 8*2 / E*0 U*CCA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 48/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 EH &4 C:
-$!/.# -!$."*)/0
98/%6*1 31#'1%0/C$ *C C*$$*#0 /$ $81 E%1/U4/C$ $/E61@ 4/)1 E(%*1' *# $81 2&%#*#0 5/51% I8*61 8*C
I*41@ ?6&%*/@ *C )&&U*#0 (5 C&21 $(%U17 C/(C/01 /#' 100CA 98/%6*1@ 4/)1 *# 5/51%@ &EH*&(C67
*%%*$/$1'@ H1%E/667 /CC/(6$C ?6&%*/ I*$8@ e+8 i1/%@ P-`B FL` G-+,` `??, ?+"B? G+ W`i+B`^]e ?6&%*/ 4116C 8(%$ /#' (#/55%1)*/$1'A ,81 C6&I67 $(%#C@ 4*%1 *# 81% 171C@ /#' C/7C@
e-1%1 $817 )&21 #&IAAAi`FL]e /#' $8%&IC $81 56/$1 4(66 &4 100C '&I# &# $81 $/E61 *# 4%&#$ &4
8*2@ /#' C$&25C &44 $& $81 E1'%&&2A
"# E&$8 )/C1C@ $81 )&#$1#$ &4 98/%6*1\C 21CC/01 I/C 1D/)$67 $81 C/21A -&I1H1%@ $81 %16/$*&#C8*5
C1$ (5 E1$I11# $81 $I& *# $81 C1)&#' C)1#/%*& '*441%1' 0%1/$67 4%&2 $8/$ 1C$/E6*C81' *#
C)1#/%*& #(2E1% A 9&#C1M(1#$67@ ?6&%*/ 0/H1 98/%6*1 / H/C$67 '*441%1#$ %1C5&#C1 *# $81
C1)&#' C)1#/%*&A "# $81 4*%C$ C)1#/%*&@ 98/%6*1 C1#$ / 5&C*$*H1 %16/$*&#C8*5 21CC/01A "# $81C1)&#' C)1#/%*&@ $81 %16/$*&#C8*5 21CC/01 I/C H1%7 #10/$*H1A G& ?6&%*/@ 8&I 98/%6*1 C1#$ $81
21CC/01 8/' 4/% 2&%1 *25/)$ $8/# I8/$ 81 C/*'A
,& 8&I '&1C /66 $8*C 4*$ *#$& I&%U56/)1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8^
`H1%7 $*21 / C(51%H*C&% %1)&0#*N1C /# 1256&711 4&% C/41 I&%U E18/H*&%C@ *$ %1*#4&%)1C /#'
2/U1C $8/$ E18/H*&% 2&%1 6*U167 $& &))(% *# $81 4($(%1A "$ C1#'C / H1%7 5&C*$*H1 21CC/01@ '&1C#\$
*$^ +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ *4 / C(51%H*C&% 7166C /$ 7&( 4&% e)&256/*#*#0@e / H1%7 #10/$*H1 21CC/01 *C
C1#$A W($@ " $8*#U $81 I&%C$ C*$(/$*&# &))(%C I81# 7&( /%1 $&$/667 *0#&%1' E7 / C(51%H*C&%A "$
C1#'C / 21CC/01 $8/$ 7&( /%1 *#H*C*E61@ (#*25&%$/#$@ /#' &4 6*$$61 &% #& H/6(1A "0#&%*#0 &$81%C
I8& /%1 $%7*#0 $& )&22(#*)/$1 *C $81 I&%C$ %1C5&#C1 5&CC*E61A 31&561 I&#\$ )/%1 I87 7&( /%1
*0#&%*#0 $812R G817 Q(C$ '&#\$ 6*U1 E1*#0 *0#&%1'A G817\66 2/U1 /66 U*#' &4 /CC(25$*&#C /E&($
I87 $817\%1 E1*#0 *0#&%1'@ /#' E1 (5C1$ /E&($ *$A -1%1\C / $*5A "4 7&( I/#$ $& 8/H1 E1$$1%
I&%U*#0 %16/$*&#C8*5C I*$8 )&JI&%U1%C@ /6I/7C E1 $81 4*%C$ $& C/7 e8*e I81# 7&( 211$ $812 4&%
$81 '/7A F6I/7C E1 4*%C$A "$ C1#'C / 5&C*$*H1 21CC/01A
S 1"%* -14"$*/)* $&%4")%-5-6-*7:
"4 7&( /%1 / C/41$7 )&22*$$11 %15%1C1#$/$*H1@ $8*#U /E&($ $81 %16/$*&#C8*5 C1$ (5 E1$I11# 7&(
/#' 7&(% )&JI&%U1%CA P8/$ 8/551#C I81# 7&( %1)1*H1 $81*% )&#)1%#C /#' C(001C$*&#C@ %15&%$
$812 $& $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11@ E($ 4/*6 $& 5%&H*'1 411'E/)U *# / $*2167 2/##1%^ F%1#\$ 7&(
*0#&%*#0 $812^ F0/*#@ *$\C $81 I&%C$ &4 /66 5&CC*E61 %1C5&#C1CA ./U1 C(%1 $8/$ 7&( 01$ E/)U I*$8
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 49/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 EC &4 C:
7&(% )&JI&%U1%C /C C&&# /C 5&CC*E61 $& 61$ $812 U#&I $81 C$/$(C &4 $81*% )&#)1%#C &%
C(001C$*&#CA G8*C *C 5%&E/E67 7&(% 2&C$ *25&%$/#$ Q&E /C / C/41$7 )&22*$$11 %15%1C1#$/$*H1A
H".<-/'C 9%(D'() 3%"#',-/< ,% 2' %/ ,8' ).1',& 3%""-,,'':::
F%1 7&(% )&JI&%U1%C Q(C$ e'7*#0e $& E1 / 212E1% &4 $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11^ .&C$ 6*U167 #&$A
P87 #&$^ G817 %1/667 '&#\$ 51%)1*H1 2()8 E1#14*$ 4%&2 *$@ '& $817^ ,& 8&I '& I1 *#)%1/C1
1256&711 *#H&6H121#$ *# $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11^ P166@ $8/$\C  &4 $81 C(EQ1)$C '*C)(CC1' *#
+,GB 9&(%C1 K<=@ ,/41$7 9&22*$$11 +51%/$*&#CA W($ 4&% #&I@ *$\C $*21 4&% 7&( $& $/U1 $8*C
2&'(61\C M(*NA ?&&' 6()U]
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 50/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 F- &4 C:
."+#6& V P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
9GB ^5+ M')/* M+ *3+<N M5+@ .<;N2@4 M2.5 <@'.5+) 3+)*'@ 2* .5+ aaaaaaaaaa '= .5+ D+**<4+B
^5+ .'@+ '= J'2A+ M+ (*+ 2* ;2N+;0 .' +*.<L;2*5 < aaaaaaaaaaaa L+.M++@ .5+ *+@/+) <@/
)+A+2J+)B
/A *#4&%2/$*&#@ '*C$/#)1
EA )&#$1#$@ %16/$*&#C8*5
)A %16/$*&#C8*5@ )&#$1#$
'A $%/#C2*CC*&#@ %1)15$*&#
9,B U52A5 A'DD(@2A<.2'@ ;+J+; 5<* .5+ 4)+<.+*. 2D3<A. '@ .5+ )+A+2J+)R
/A 9&#$1#$ b1H16
EA "#$1%51%C&#/6 b1H16
)A 31%C&#/6 b1H16
'A L16/$*&#C8*5 b1H16
9HB $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> .52* L+5<J2') 3)'L<L;0 *+@/* .5+ D'*. @+4<.2J+ D+**<4+ .'
<@'.5+) 3+)*'@T
/A '1E/$*#0
EA 7166*#0
)A *0#&%*#0
'A /%0(*#0
9CB U5<. M<* 42J+@ <* .5+ P.23P =') 2D3)'J2@4 0'() M')N )+;<.2'@*523 M2.5 A'8M')N+)*R
/A /6I/7C C/7 e8*e 4*%C$
EA #1H1% U*CC (5 $& 7&(% E&CC
)A /6I/7C 6&&U $81 &$81% *# $81 171
'A #1H1% E1 $81 4*%C$ $& C/7 e8*e
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 51/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 F9 &4 C:
7-B $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> 2= 0'() *(44+*.2'@ L'] 2* A'@.2@(<;;0 +D3.0> .5+ D'*. ;2N+;0
3)'L;+D 2*T
/A 4/*6(%1 $& )81)U $81 E&D &4$1#
EA 4/*6(%1 $& 6&)U $81 E&D
)A 4/*6(%1 $& $166 1256&711C /E&($ $81 E&D
'A 4/*6(%1 $& $8/#U 1256&711C *# / $*2167 2/##1%
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 52/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 F7 &4 C:
."+#6& EC W/>/$+ (+&)*-9-,/*-") /)+ !")*$"6
()*$"+#,*-")
"# 2&'(61 4&(%@ I1 C$('*1' /E&($ )&22(#*)/$*&# /#' 8&I *$ )/# E1 (C1' $& *25%&H1 1256&711
*#H&6H121#$ *# $81 )&25/#7\C *#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CC 5%1H1#$*&# 5%&0%/2A "# $8*C 2&'(61@ I1\66 $/U1 /
6&&U /$ 8&I 1256&711C )/# 01$ *#H&6H1' *# 5%&/)$*H1 8/N/%' *'1#$*4*)/$*&# f18J818AAA$8/$ C8&(6'
E1 8/N/%' *#H1C$*0/$*&#g $& 8165 16*2*#/$1 8/N/%'C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A
XYKKK%" =</*2% / </>/$+@
W14&%1 I1 C$('7 *'1#$*47*#0@ *#H1C$*0/$*#0 /#' )&#$%&66*#0 8/N/%'C *# $81 I&%U56/)1@ *$\C
*25&%$/#$ $& U#&I 8&I +,-F '14*#1C / 8/N/%'R
“ 5/& 9%(D#$.3' 3%/0-,-%/ %( . #'()%/J) ?),.,' %1 2'-/<? ,8., 3%+$0 3.+)' ./ -/B+(& %( -$$/')) ,%
an employee.”
R""? /$"#)+KKK=</* +" 7"# %&&@
"\66 E1$ *4 7&( 6&&U /%&(#' 7&(% I&%U56/)1@ 7&(\66 E1 /E61 $& 6&)/$1 / 41I 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C &%
I&%U 5%/)$*)1C I*$8&($ $&& 2()8 $%&(E61A i*' 7&( U#&I $8/$ /$ /#7 $*21 /# +,-F *#C51)$&%
)&(6' /##&(#)1 $81*% 5%1C1#)1 /$ 7&(% )&%5&%/$1 4%&#$ '&&% $& E10*# / )&25%181#C*H1
*#C51)$*&#^ P8/$ I&(6' ,8'& 4*#'^ P8/$ '& ,8'& 6&&U 4&%^ B&I@ *4 7&( (C1' $81 C/21
*#C51)$*&# C$%/$107 /C /# *#C51)$&%@ I&(6'#\$ $8/$ E1 C2/%$^ P166@ $8/$\C I8/$ "\2 0&*#0 $& C8&I
7&( *# $8*C 2&'(61]
!")*$"66-)0 NT4"%#$& F D<& W-&$/$,<7 "9 !")*$"6%
9&#$%&66*#0 1D5&C(%1C $& &))(5/$*&#/6 8/N/%'C *C $81 4(#'/21#$/6 21$8&' &4 5%&$1)$*#0
I&%U1%CA G%/'*$*&#/667@ / 8*1%/%)87 &4 )&#$%&6C 8/C E11# (C1' /C / 21/#C &4 '1$1%2*#*#0 8&I $&
*256121#$ 41/C*E61 /#' 1441)$*H1 )&#$%&6CA +#1 %15%1C1#$/$*&# &4 $8*C 8*1%/%)87 *C C(22/%*N1'
E16&IA
`6*2*#/$*&#
,(EC$*$($*&#
`#0*#11%*#0 )&#$%&6C
F'2*#*C$%/$*H1 )&#$%&6C
31%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 53/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 F: &4 C:
G81 *'1/ E18*#' $8*C 8*1%/%)87 *C $8/$ $81 )&#$%&6 21$8&'C /$ $81 $&5 &4 $81 6*C$ /%1 5&$1#$*/667
2&%1 1441)$*H1 /#' 5%&$1)$*H1 $8/# $8&C1 /$ $81 E&$$&2A _&66&I*#0 $81 8*1%/%)87 #&%2/667 61/'C
$& $81 *256121#$/$*&# &4 *#81%1#$67 C/41% C7C$12CA G81 %*CU &4 *66#1CC &% *#Q(%7 C8&(6' E1
C(EC$/#$*/667 %1'()1'A
\;2D2@<.2'@ /#' *(L*.2.(.2'@> I8*61 2&C$ 1441)$*H1 /$ %1'()*#0 8/N/%'C@ /6C& $1#' $& E1 $81
2&C$ '*44*)(6$ $& *256121#$ *# /# 1D*C$*#0 5%&)1CCA "4 $81 5%&)1CC *C C$*66 /$ $81 '1C*0# &%
'1H16&521#$ C$/01@ 16*2*#/$*&# /#' C(EC$*$($*&# &4 8/N/%'C 2/7 E1 *#1D51#C*H1 /#' C*2561 $&
*256121#$A _&% /# 1D*C$*#0 5%&)1CC@ 2/Q&% )8/#01C *# 1M(*521#$ /#' 5%&)1'(%1C 2/7 E1
%1M(*%1' $& 16*2*#/$1 &% C(EC$*$($1 4&% / 8/N/%'A
\@42@++)2@4 A'@.)';* /%1 (C1' $& %12&H1 / 8/N/%' &% 56/)1 / E/%%*1% E1$I11# $81 I&%U1% /#'
$81 8/N/%'A P166J'1C*0#1' 1#0*#11%*#0 )&#$%&6C )/# E1 8*0867 1441)$*H1 *# 5%&$1)$*#0 I&%U1%C
/#' I*66 $75*)/667 E1 *#'151#'1#$ &4 I&%U1% *#$1%/)$*&#C $& 5%&H*'1 $8*C 8*08 61H16 &4 5%&$1)$*&#A
G81 *#*$*/6 )&C$ &4 1#0*#11%*#0 )&#$%&6C )/# E1 8*081% $8/# $81 )&C$ &4 /'2*#*C$%/$*H1 )&#$%&6C &%51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$@ E($ &H1% $81 6% $1%2@ &51%/$*#0 )&C$C /%1 4%1M(1#$67 6&I1%@
/#' *# C&21 *#C$/#)1C@ )/# 5%&H*'1 / )&C$ C/H*#0C *# &$81% /%1/C &4 $81 5%&)1CCA
$/D2@2*.)<.2J+ A'@.)';* /#' 3+)*'@<; 3)'.+A.2J+ +O(23D+@. /%1 4%1M(1#$67 (C1' I*$8 1D*C$*#0
5%&)1CC1C I81%1 8/N/%'C /%1 #&$ 5/%$*)(6/%67 I166 )&#$%&661'A F'2*#*C$%/$*H1 )&#$%&6C /#'
51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$ 5%&0%/2C 2/7 E1 %16/$*H167 *#1D51#C*H1 $& 1C$/E6*C8 E($@ &H1%
$81 6� $1%2@ )/# E1 H1%7 )&C$67 $& C(C$/*#A G81C1 21$8&'C 4&% 5%&$1)$*#0 I&%U1%C 8/H1 /6C&
5%&H1# $& E1 61CC 1441)$*H1 $8/# &$81% 21/C(%1C@ %1M(*%*#0 C*0#*4*)/#$ 144&%$ E7 $81 /441)$1'
I&%U1%CA
B&$1R FB,"hF"-F l=<J;<<T /6C& *#)6('1C eP/%#*#0Ce /C  &4 $81 C$%/$10*1C *# $81 -*1%/%)87 &4
9&#$%&6CA -&I1H1%@ " I&(6' )6/CC*47 $8*C C$%/$107 /C /# /'2*#*C$%/$*H1 )&#$%&6 E1)/(C1 I/%#*#0C
/%1 C /C 1441)$*H1 /C $81 /I/%1#1CC &4 /#' )&256*/#)1 I*$8 $81*% 21CC/01A P/%#*#0C '& #&$
16*2*#/$1 &% %1'()1 8/N/%'CA
D<& H-I& ;"$?46/,& W/>/$+ !/*&0"$-&%
G& 8165 *'1#$*47 I&%U56/)1 8/N/%'C *$\C (C14(6 $& )/$10&%*N1 $812 *#$& 1/C7J$&J%1212E1%
)/$10&%*1CA G81 4*%C$ $8%11 )/$10&%*1C %15%1C1#$ 8/N/%'&(C 587C*)/6 )&#'*$*&#C $8/$@ /))&%'*#0 $&
,F"_ 9&%5&%/$*&#@ /))&(#$ 4&% C >n &4 /66 I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$CA G81 4&(%$8 )/$10&%7 '1C)%*E1CE18/H*&%C *# $81 I&%U56/)1 I8*)8 2/7 )&#$%*E($1 (5 $& STn &4 /66 I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$CA G81
4*#/6 )/$10&%7 2/7 )&#$%*E($1 $& E&$8 $81 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C /#' (#C/41 E18/H*&%C@ /#'
$81%14&%1@ 2/7 E1 (6$*2/$167 %1C5&#C*E61 4&% 4(667 S[n &4 /66 /))*'1#$C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 54/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 FE &4 C:
?/$%.</)&
-/N/%'&(C 2/$1%*/6C *#)6('1R b*M(*' /#' C&6*' )812*)/6C C()8 /C /)*'C@ E/C1C@ C&6H1#$C@
1D56&C*H1C@ 1$)A G81 8/N/%' )&22(#*)/$*&# 5%&0%/2 *C '1C*0#1' $& )&22(#*)/$1 $81 8/N/%'C &4
)812*)/6C $& 1256&711C@ /#' $& 2/U1 C(%1 $817 (C1 C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C I81# I&%U*#0 I*$8
$812A
,&6*'C 6*U1 21$/6@ I&&'@ 56/C$*)CA L/I 2/$1%*/6C (C1' $& 2/#(4/)$(%1 5%&'()$C /%1 (C(/667
E&(08$ *# 6/%01 M(/#$*$*1C@ /#' )/# )/(C1 *#Q(%*1C &% 4/$/6*$*1C *# 2/#7 I/7CA
?/C1C 6*U1 87'%&01# C(64*'1@ 21$8/#1@ 1$)A ?/C 2/7 E1 1D$%12167 8/N/%'&(C *4 61/U1' *#$& $81
/$2&C581%1A `256&711C C8&(6' U#&I $81 C*0#C /#' C725$&2C %16/$1' $& 8/N/%'&(C 0/C1C *# $81
I&%U56/)1A
(78<=*%#$
G8*C /%1/ *#)6('1C 2/)8*#1%7 /#' $&&6C (C1' $& 5%&'()1 &% 5%&)1CC 0&&'CA G81C1 1D/2561C /66
%15%1C1#$ 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A -/N/%'&(C 1M(*521#$ /6C& *#)6('1C
2/)8*#1%7 /#' $&&6CA
-/N/%'&(C 1M(*521#$ C8&(6' E1 5%&51%67 0(/%'1' C& $8/$ *$\C H*%$(/667 *25&CC*E61 4&% / I&%U1%
$& E1 56/)1' *# / '/#01% N /%&(#' 2&H*#0 5/%$C $8/$ )&(6' )/(C1 *#Q(%7 &% '1/$8A F
5%1H1#$*H1 2/*#$1#/#)1 5%&0%/2 C8&(6' E1 *# 56/)1 $& 2/U1 C(%1 1M(*521#$ &51%/$1C
5%&51%67A F )&%%1)$*H1 2/*#$1#/#)1 5%&0%/2 *C #11'1' $& 2/U1 C(%1 1M(*521#$ $8/$ *C E%&U1#@
)/(C*#0 / C/41$7 8/N/%'@ *C 4*D1' *221'*/$167A
G&&6C #11' $& E1 *# 0&&' I&%U*#0 &%'1%@ 5%&51%67 %15/*%1'@ /#' (C1' 4&% $81*% *#$1#'1' 5(%5&C1
CA F#7 2/*#$1#/#)1 51%C&# I*66 $166 7&( $8/$ /# /))*'1#$ )/# 1/C*67 &))(% *4 $&&6C /%1 #&$ (C1'
)&%%1)$67A G&&6C $8/$ /%1 (C1' I8*61 E%&U1# /%1 /6C& H1%7 '/#01%&(CA
(#A<."#*%#$
G8*C /%1/ *#)6('1C 4/)*6*$7 '1C*0#@ 8/N/%'&(C /$2&C581%1C@ $1251%/$(%1@ #&*C1@ 4/)$&%C $8/$
)/(C1 C$%1CC@ 1$)A F%1 $81%1 /%1/C *# 7&(% I&%U56/)1 $8/$ /%1 $&& 8&$@ )&6'@ '(C$7@ '*%$7@ 21CC7@
I1$@ 1$)A "C *$ $&& #&*C7@ &% /%1 '/#01%&(C 0/C1C@ H/5&%C@ 6*M(*'C@ 4(21C@ 1$)A@ 5%1C1#$^ i& 7&(
C11 C8&%$ 51&561 I&%U*#0 /$ I&%UC$/$*&#C '1C*0#1' 4&% $/66 51&561^ ,()8 4/)$&%C /66 )&#$%*E($1
$& /# (#C/41 1#H*%#$A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 55/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 FF &4 C:
3%"=)%
G8*C /%1/ *#)6('1C (#C/41 1256&711 E18/H*&%C /$ /66 61H16C *# $81 &%0/#*N/$*&# C()8 /C $/U*#0
C8&%$ )($C@ #&$ (C*#0 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$@ /#' &$81%I*C1 *0#&%*#0 C/41$7 %(61CA
0:&$%*
`H1%7 )&25/#7 8/C@ '& C&21 '10%11@ / C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 f,-.,gA "$\C 0&&'
$& $8*#U &4 $81 eC$/$1e &4 $81 ,-., /C / )&#'*$*&#A _&% *#C$/#)1@ 2/#/0121#$ 2/7 '1H16&5 /#'
*256121#$ *#1441)$*H1 5&6*)*1C@ 5%&)1'(%1C /#' C/41$7 %(61CA " )&#C*'1% / 46/I1' ,-., /C /
C7C$12*) 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&# E1)/(C1 *$ )&(6' *#)%1/C1 $81 #(2E1% /))*'1#$CA "4 $81 )&#'*$*&#
&4 $81 ,-., *C 46/I1'@ *$ 2/7 /6C& %1C(6$ *# 2/#/01% /#' C(51%H*C&% E18/H*&%C C()8 /C *0#&%*#0
C/41 E18/H*&%C &% E7 /)$(/667 '*%1)$*#0 (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C $8/$ I*66 )&#$%*E($1 $& /))*'1#$C *#
$81 I&%U56/)1A
G& %1212E1% $81 4*H1 8/N/%' /%1/C@ Q(C$ %1212E1% $81 /)%HAAA
.``3, s ./$1%*/6C@ `M(*521#$@ `#H*%#$@ 31&561@ /#' ,7C$12A
D=" -+&)*-9-,/*-") /)+ ,")*$"6 %*$/*&0-&%
G& *'1#$*47 /#' )&#$%&6 8/N/%'C *# $81 I&%U56/)1@ $I& E/C*) C$%/$10*1C /%1 (C1'A _*%C$@ /#' 2&C$
)&22&# *C $81 I/6UJ/%&(#' *#C51)$*&#A B&I@ 7&( 5%&E/E67 8/H1 5/%$*)*5/$1' *# / C/41$7
*#C51)$*&#@ &% /$ 61/C$ 8/H1 I/$)81' &$81%C )&#'()$ A
.&C$ )&25/#*1C )&#'()$ C/41$7 *#C51)$*&#C *# )&256*/#)1 I*$8 +,-F %(61 %1M(*%121#$CA
W($@ *C $8/$ 0&&' 1#&(08^ ,/41$7 *#C51)$*&#C 2/7 E1 1441)$*H1@ E($ C *4 $81 51&561
)&#'()$*#0 $81 *#C51)$*&# /%1 5%&51%67 1'()/$1' /#' $%/*#1' *# 8/N/%' *'1#$*4*)/$*&# /#'
)&#$%&6 )&#)15$C /#' 5%*#)*561C C51)*4*) $& 7&(% )&25/#7A "# 8*08 8/N/%' *#'(C$%*1C I8*)8
C11 )8/#01 &# / '/*67 E/C*C@ *$ $/U1C 2&%1 $8/# /# &))/C*&#/6 *#C51)$*&# $& U115 $81I&%U56/)1 C/41 4%&2 8/N/%'CA
"# I&%6'J)6/CC C/41$7 )(6$(%1C C(51%H*C&%C@ /C I166 /C /66 1256&711C *#C51)$ $81*% /%1/C &4
%1C5&#C*E*6*$7 /C &4$1# /C $81 8/N/%'C &4 $81 2/$1%*/6C@ 1M(*521#$@ $&&6C@ 1#H*%#$@
/#' $/CUC '12/#'A "$\C %1/667 / Q('021#$ )/66@ E($ *4 C/41$7 *C *#H&6H1'@ *$\C E1$$1% $& *#C51)$
&4$1#A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 56/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 FG &4 C:
`256&711C C8&(6' *#C51)$ $81 2/$1%*/6C@ 1M(*521#$@ /#' $&&6C $817 (C1@ /#' $81*%
*221'*/$1 I&%UC$/$*&# 4&% 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C /$ $81 C$/%$ &4 1/)8 I&%U'/7A G817
C8&(6' *#C51)$ 1M(*521#$ C()8 /C 4&%U6*4$C@ $%()UC@ /#' &$81% H18*)61C E14&%1 (C*#0 $812
/$ $81 C$/%$ &4 1/)8 C8*4$A F0/*#@ *$\C E1$$1% $& *#C51)$ )6&C167 /#' &4$1#A
H/)#'3,-%/ 38'3D$-),):::9(-,'J" ./0 +)'J">
jC1 $81 4&66&I*#0 C$15C *4 7&( /%1 /CU1' $& I%*$1 M(1C$*&#C 4&% / C/41$7 *#C51)$*&#A
i1$1%2*#1 $81 /%1/ $& E1 *#C51)$1'A
FCU I&%U1%C *# $81 /%1/ I8/$ $/CUChQ&EC $817 '&A
9/66 +,-F G1)8#*)/6 ,1%H*)1C f=J[<<JS;;J;X[Sg /#' /CU  &4 $81*% %15%1C1#$/$*H1C $&
8165 7&( '1$1%2*#1 I8*)8 %(61C /5567 $& 7&(% I&%U56/)1A
FCU $812 $& C1#' 7&( / )&57 &4 /556*)/E61 %(61CA
P81# 7&( %1)1*H1 $81 %(61C f'&#\$ 5/#*)g %1/' $8%&(08 $81 /556*)/E61 C1)$*&#C /#' 2/%U
$8&C1 %(61C $8/$ 7&( 4116 2*08$ %1C(6$ *# C1%*&(C *#Q(%7 *4 H*&6/$1'A
98/#01 1/)8 2/%U1' %(61 *#$& / C*2561 M(1C$*&#A a(1C$*&#C I*66 C$/%$ I*$8 $81 I&%'CR i&@
'&1C@ *C@ /%1A
9&#C$%()$ 7&(% )81)U6*C$ (C*#0 $81 M(1C$*&#C 7&( 8/H1 '1H16&51'A
,8&I 7&(% E&CCA -1 &% C81 I*66 E1 C(%5%*C1'] fO&( I*66 5%&E/E67 E1)&21 / C/41$7 '*%1)$&%]g
O&( 2/7 (C1 $8*C ,164 "#C51)$*&# 981)U6*C$ 5(E6*C81' E7 +,-FA
;</*2% *<& 1/M"$ =&/?)&%% "9 *<& %/9&*7 -)%4&,*-")@
W7 *$C H1%7 #/$(%1@ $81 I/6UJ/%&(#' *#C51)$*&# *C *#1441)$*H1 *# (#)&H1%*#0 (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C
E1)/(C1 2&C$ *#C51)$&%C 6&&U 5%*2/%*67 /$ 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C /#' '& #&$ $/U1 1#&(08 $*21 $&
1441)$*H167 /#/67N1 *#'*H*'(/6 $/CU 5%&)1'(%1CA ,&21$*21C $81 *#C51)$&%C I/6U *#$& /# /%1/@ 6&&U
(5AAA6&&U '&I#AAA6&&U /66 /%&(#'AAA5&CC*E67 /CU / 41I M(1C$*&#C@ /#' 2&H1 &# $& $81 #1D$ /%1/A "#
4/)$@ $81 C/41$7 *#C51)$*&# 2/7 E1 1441)$*H1 *# (#)&H1%*#0 C /E&($ > 51%)1#$ &4 $81 )/(C1C 4&%
I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$C E1)/(C1 $81 5%&)1CC C 6&&UC 4&% )&#'*$*&#CA "C#\$ *$ 5&CC*E61 $& *#C51)$ /
I&%U56/)1 &# / .&#'/7@ /#' $81# 1D51%*1#)1 / 4/$/6*$7 &# G(1C'/7 /C / %1C(6$ &4 /# (#C/41
I&%U E18/H*&% $8/$ $81 *#C51)$*&# 4/*61' $& (#)&H1% $81 '/7 E14&%1^ O&( E1$ *$ *CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 57/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 F, &4 C:
8"O =</*2% *<& %"6#*-")@
F I/6UJ/%&(#' *#C51)$*&# &4 $8*C Q&E C*$1 I/C )&2561$1' Q(C$ >< 2*#($1C 5%*&% $& $8*C 5*)$(%1
E1*#0 $/U1#A i*' *$ )/$)8 $8*C (#C/41 5%/)$*)1^ G8*C *66(C$%/$1C $81 2/Q&% I1/U#1CC &4 $81
*#C51)$*&# 5%&)1CCA G81 d&E -/N/%' F#/67C*C fd-Fg )/# E1 $81 /#CI1% $& $8*C I1/U#1CCA "$
(#)&H1%C (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C /C I166 /C 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C E1)/(C1 C(44*)*1#$ $*21 *C 0*H1#
$& )6&C167 /#/67C*C &4  (#*M(1 $/CU /$ / $*21A F $75*)/6 d-F (C1C $81 4&66&I*#0 C$15CR
P8*61 $81 1256&711 /))&256*C81C C1H1%/6 )7)61C &4 $81 $/CU@ $81 C(51%H*C&% &% &$81%
51%C&# &EC1%H1C /#' $/U1C #&$1C /E&($ I8/$\C E1*#0 'A
+#)1 $81 &EC1%H/$*&# *C )&2561$1'@ $81 /#/67C$C '*H*'1 $81 $/CU *#$& / #(2E1% &4 (#*M(1
C$15C I8*)8 /%1 6*C$1' C1M(1#$*/667A
B1D$@ 1/)8 C$15 *C /#/67N1' $& (#)&H1% 8/N/%'&(C 2/$1%*/6C@ 1M(*521#$@ $&&6C@ /#'
(#C/41 1D5&C(%1C /%1 *#H&6H1'A
B1D$@ $81 8/N/%'C /#' 1D5&C(%1C &4 1/)8 C$15 /%1 /#/67N1' $& '1$1%2*#1 $81 C/41$7
5%1)/($*&#C %1M(*%1' $& 16*2*#/$1 &% /$ 61/C$ %1'()1 /#7 8/N/%'C &% 1D5&C(%1C 5%1C1#$A
G8*C 2*08$ *#)6('1 $81 (C1 &4 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$ f33`g@ (C*#0 #1I &%
%1'1C*0#1' 1M(*521#$@ &% )8/#0*#0 $81 5%&)1'(%1 *$C164A
b/C$67@ / I%*$$1# C/41 I&%U 5%&)1'(%1 f,d3g *C '1H16&51' 4&% $81 1#$*%1 $/CUA G81 ,d3 *C
%1H*1I1' 5%*&% $& /))&256*C8*#0 $81 $/CU /#' *$ )/# /6C& E1 (C1' /C / 61CC&# 56/# $&
)&#'()$ $%/*#*#0A
981)U &($ +,-F)/'127 9&(%C1 K<X 4&% 2&%1 *#4&%2/$*&# &# $81 d-F /#' 9&(%C1 K<> &#
$%/*#*#0A
Y&7 G$-),-46&
`256&711C (C1 $81*% e&I#e 5%&)1'(%1C I81# #&$ E1*#0 '*%1)$67 C(51%H*C1'
"#H&6H121#$ *C  &4 $81 U17 5%*#)*561C *# 2/U*#0 C(%1 7&(% C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 f,.,g
*C 1441)$*H1 f01$C '1C*%1' %1C(6$CgA ./#/0121#$ C8&(6' *#H&6H1 1256&711Ch(#*&#C *# /66 /C51)$C
&4 ,., '1H16&521#$ C& $8/$ $817 I*66 0/*# / C1#C1 &4 E(7J*# &% &I#1%C8*5 *# $81 C7C$12A
`256&711 *#H&6H121#$ *# $81 d-F 5%&)1CC 8165C 1#C(%1 $817 I*66 (C1 $81 C/41 Q&E 5%&)1'(%1
'1H16&51' E7 $81 d-F I81# #&$ E1*#0 '*%1)$67 C(51%H*C1'A `256&711C I/#$ $& I&%U 144*)*1#$67@
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 58/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 FH &4 C:
/#' $8/$ 21/#C $817\%1 2&%1 6*U167 $& (C1 5%&)1'(%1C $817 E16*1H1 I*66 01$ $81 Q&E ' 2&C$
144*)*1#$67A "4 $817\%1 #&$ *#H&6H1' *# '1H16&5*#0 C/41 Q&E 5%&)1'(%1C@ $817\%1 2&%1 6*U167 $& C11
$81*% &I# f5&CC*E67 61CC C/41g 5%&)1'(%1C /C 2&%1 144*)*1#$A P81# 1256&711C /%1 '*%1)$67
*#H&6H1'@ C(51%H*C&%C )/# E1 / 6*$$61 2&%1 C(%1 $81*% 1256&711C /%1 (C*#0 C/41 Q&E 5%&)1'(%1CA
I-< +# ,8' (%%,)>
P81# *#H1C$*0/$*#0 8/N/%'C '*C)&H1%1' *# / I/6UJ/%&(#' *#C51)$*&# &% d-F@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $8/$
7&( (#)&H1% $81 %&&$ )/(C1C $8/$ 8/H1 /66&I1' $8&C1 8/N/%'C $& 1D*C$ *#
$81 I&%U56/)1A G/U*#0 $8*C /55%&/)8 $& 8/N/%' *#H1C$*0/$*&# *C )/661' %&&$
)/(C1 /#/67C*CA
981)U &($ $81 I166JU#&I# e/))*'1#$ I11'e $& $81 %*08$A
G81 46&I1% %15%1C1#$C $81 *#Q(%7A "$\C $81 %1C(6$ &4 $81 $%/#C41% &4 /#1D)1CC*H1 /2&(#$ &4 1#1%07 4%&2 /# &($C*'1 C&(%)1 $& $81 E&'7A G8*C *C
)/661' $81 '*%1)$ )/(C1 &4 $81 /))*'1#$A
G81 61/H1C &4 $81 I11' %15%1C1#$ 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C /#' (#C/41 I&%U
5%/)$*)1C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A 9&#'*$*&#C /#'h&% 5%/)$*)1C /%1 $75*)/667 )/661' $81 C(%4/)1 &%
*#'*%1)$ )/(C1C &4 /# /))*'1#$A
G81 %&&$C &4 $81 I11' %15%1C1#$ 2/#/0121#$\C 144&%$ $& 2/*#$/*# / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6
I&%U56/)1@ C/41$7 5&6*)*1C@ C/41$7 C(51%H*C*&#@ C/41$7 $%/*#*#0@ /#' 1#4&%)121#$ &4 C/41$7 %(61CA
G8*#U &4 $81C1 /C 2/#/0121#$ )&#$%&6C I8*)8 5%1J1D*C$ 1H1%7 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#@ (#C/41 I&%U5%/)$*)1@ /#' /))*'1#$A "#/'1M(/$1 &% 2*CC*#0 C7C$12 )&25#$C %15%1C1#$ $81 %&&$ )/(C1C 4&%
/))*'1#$C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A ,7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C 2/7 *#)6('1 5%&0%/2C@ 5&6*)*1C@ 56/#C@
5%&)1CC1C /#' 5%&)1'(%1C f%1212E1% $81 eT 3\Ceg *# /#7 &% /66 &4 $81 C1H1# 16121#$ /%1/C &4
$81 C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A L&&$ )/(C1C 2/7 411' /#' /)$(/667 5%&2&$1 &% #(%$(%1
8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C /#' (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1CA
L1C1/%)8 4*#'*#0C *#'*)/$1 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C@ /6@ %15%1C1#$ C /E&($ >n &4 $81 )/(C1C
4&% /))*'1#$C *# $81 I&%U56/)1@ I8*61 (#C/41 E18/H*&%C 2/U1 (5 /E&($ STn &4 $81 )/(C1C 4&%
/))*'1#$CA 9&#C1M(1#$67@ /E&($ S[n &4 /66 I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$C /%1 (6$*2/$167 )/(C1' E7 /
)&2E*#/$*&# &4 *#/'1M(/$1 C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 )&25#$C@ (#'1% $81 )&#$%&6 &4
2/#/0121#$@ $8/$ %1C(6$ *# 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C /#'h&% (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1CA
"4 7&( 8/H1 F'&E1 F)%&E/$ L1/'1%@ 0& *#1 /#' $/U1 / 6&&U /$ / 2&%1 )&2561$1 /))*'1#$ I11'
I*$8 1D56/#/$*&#A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 59/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 FC &4 C:
D<& 1-%%-)0 0#/$+$/-6
O&( /%1 )&#'()$*#0 / I/6UJ/%&(#' C/41$7 *#C51)$*&# I81# 7&( #&$*)1 $81 0(/%'%/*6 /6� /#
161H/$1' 56/$4&%2 /%1/ *C 2*CC*#0A FC 7&( #&I (#'1%C$/#'@ $81 2*CC*#0 0(/%'%/*6 %15%1C1#$C /
8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&# /#' I&(6' E1 )&#C*'1%1' / C(%4/)1 )/(C1 *4 /# /))*'1#$ &))(%%1'A W($ *$
/6C& %15%1C1#$C / C725$&2 &4 / '1151% 5%&E612AAA/ %&&$ )/(C1AAA/ C7C$12 I1/U#1CCR P8/$
2*08$ $8/$ E1^ jC1 $81 /))*'1#$ I11' $& 4*0(%1 $8/$ &($A
G& 2/U1 C(%1 $81 0(/%'%/*6 01$C %156/)1'@ /#' %12/*#C *# 56/)1@ 7&( 2(C$ /6I/7C )&#C*'1% /#'
)&%%1)$ $81 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C $8/$ /66&I1' $81 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&# *# $81 4*%C$ 56/)1A
P166@ $81%1 *$ *CR F 41I E/C*) 8/N/%' *'1#$*4*)/$*&#@ *#H1C$*0/$*&# /#' )&#$%&6 )&#)15$C $& 8165
7&( U115 7&(% I&%U56/)1 C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6 4&% /66 1256&711CA "4 7&( '1H16&5 1441)$*H1
*#C51)$*&# /#' d-F 5%&)1'(%1C@ /#' /6I/7C 0& /4$1% $81 %&&$ )/(C1C &4 $81 8/N/%'C 7&( 4*#' *#
$81 I&%U56/)1@ 7&( I*66 E1 C())1CC4(6 *# 5%&/)$*H1 /))*'1#$ 5%1H1#$*&#A W($ '&#\$ %(C8 &44AAAA*$\C
$*21 4&% / )81)U(5]
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 60/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 G- &4 C:
."+#6& E P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
79B b@*<=+ aaaaaaaa <AA'(@. =') '@;0 <L'(. : 3+)A+@. '= <;; M')N3;<A+ <AA2/+@.*B
/A E18/H*&%C
EA )&#'*$*&#C
)A C*$(/$*&#C
'A 51&561
77B U52A5 A<(*+ A<.+4')0 2* (;.2D<.+;0 D'*. )+*3'@*2L;+ =') <AA2/+@.* 2@ .5+ M')N3;<A+R
/A 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C
EA (#C/41 E18/H*&%C
)A 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C
'A 6/)U &4 )&22&# C1#C1
7:B U52A5 '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 2* @'. '@+ '= .5+ ='() <)+<* M2.52@ M52A5 <;; M')N3;<A+ 5<K<)/*
+]2*.R V#[email protected] S\\ZW
/A 2/$1%*/6C
EA 1256&711C
)A 1#1%07
'A 51&561
7EB U5<. 2* < D<`') M+<N@+** '= .5+ M<;N8<)'(@/ 2@*3+A.2'@R
/A *$ $/U1C $&& 2()8 $*21
EA *$ 6&&UC C /$ )&#'*$*&#C
)A *$ *C#\$ )&#'()$1' &4$1# 1#&(08
'A *$ %1M(*%1C 1D51%$C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 61/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 G9 &4 C:
7FB U5<. *0*.+D M+<N@+**+* D245. +]3;<2@ <@ (@*<=+ L+5<J2')R
/A *#/'1M(/$1 C(51%H*C*&#
EA 6/)U &4 $%/*#*#0
)A *#)&#C*C$1#$ 1#4&%)121#$'A /#7 &4 $81 /E&H1
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 62/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 G7 &4 C:
."+#6& ZC (),-+&)* /)+ S,,-+&)* ()I&%*-0/*-")
()*$"+#,*-")
G81 5%&)1CC &4 /#/67C*C *C 1D$%12167 *25&%$/#$ *# *'1#$*47*#0 /#' 16*2*#/$*#0 $8&C1 )&#'*$*&#C@
E18/H*&%C /#' C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C $8/$ %1C(6$ *# I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$CA "# $8*C 2&'(61@ I1\66 E1
'*C)(CC*#0 $81 H/%*&(C )&#)15$C@ 5%*#)*561C /#' 5%&)1'(%1C %16/$1' $& $81 /#/67C*C 5%&)1CC C&
$8/$ 7&( )/#@ 8&514(667@ $%/#C4&%2 7&(% I&%U56/)1@ /C )6&C1 /C 5&CC*E61@ *#$& / e%*CU 4%11e NA
H-T *<& %7%*&1 )"* *<& 56/1&:
"4 7&(% C/41$7 5%&0%/2 4/*6C $& 16*2*#/$1 I&%U56/)1 8/N/%'C@ )8/#)1C /%1 H1%7 6*U167 /# /))*'1#$
I*66 %1C(6$A P81# *$ '&1C@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $& )&#'()$ /# 1441)$*H1 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&#A P/*$ /
2*#($1] i*' " C/7 e*#H1C$*0/$*&#e^ P166@ I/C8 27 2&($8 &($ I*$8 C&/5A "$\C *25&%$/#$ $8/$ I1
01$ E17&#' /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# /#' 51%4&%2 /# /))*'1#$ e/#/67C*CAe
"# 2&C$ I&%U56/)1C@ $81 $1%2 e*#H1C$*0/$*&#e *256*1C $8/$ $81 5%*2/%7 5(%5&C1 &4 $81 /)$*H*$7 *C
$& 1C$/E6*C8 E6/21A G8/$ 2/7 E1 I87 +,-F )&#'()$C $81*% *#H1C$*0/$*&#C@ E($ $& E1 2&C$
1441)$*H1@ 7&( )/#\$ /44&%' $& 01$ C$()U *# $8/$ %($A O&(\H1 0&$ $& )&#'()$ $8*C /)$*H*$7 4&% $81
1D5%1CC 5(%5&C1 &4 *25%&H*#0 7&(% C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A G81 C I/7 $& %1)1*H1 /#7
6�J$1%2 E1#14*$ 4%&2 /))*'1#$ /#/67C*C *C $& 2/U1 C(%1 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C /%1 (#)&H1%1' /#'
51%2/#1#$67 )&%%1)$1'A
G81%1 *C / C(EC$/#$*/6 )&C$ $& 5/7 4&% 1/)8 /#' 1H1%7 /))*'1#$ 7&(% )&25/#7 8/CA FC $81 0%/58*)
*66(C$%/$1C@ *#'*%1)$ /))*'1#$ )&C$C /H1%/01 /E&($ Vk '*%1)$ /))*'1#$ )&C$C]
F6$8&(08 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# *C / H/6(/E61 /#' #1)1CC/%7 $&&6 $& 8165 %1'()1 /))*'1#$ 6&CC1C@
*$ *C /6I/7C )&#C*'1%/E67 2&%1 1D51#C*H1 $& %167 &# /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# $8/# 8/N/%'
*#H1C$*0/$*&# /C / C$%/$107 $& %1'()1 6&CC1C /#' 16*2*#/$1 8/N/%'C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A "# C&21
)/C1C *$ 2/7 )&C$ 8(#'%1'C &4 $8&(C/#'C &4 '&66/%C 2&%1 /C / %1C(6$ &4 '*%1)$@ *#'*%1)$@ /#'
(#U#&I# /))*'1#$ )&C$CA
W($@ I81# $81 /))*'1#$ 8/551#CAAA*$ 8/551#CA F#' *$\C *25&%$/#$ $& 2*#*2*N1 /))*'1#$ )&C$C $&
$81 )&25/#7A G8*C )/# E1 ' *4 1441)$*H1 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# 5%&)1'(%1C /%1 (C1'A
S,,-+&)*% M#%* </44&)KKK+")2* *<&7@
i& $817^ F%1 $817 %1/667 (#1D51)$1' &% (#56/##1'^
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 63/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 G: &4 C:
"4 / )&25/#7 8/C ;< '*C/E6*#0 *#Q(%*1C  71/%@ /#' C1$C /# &EQ1)$*H1 $& %1'()1 $81 /))*'1#$
%/$1 E7 T<n E7 $81 1#' &4 $81 #1D$ 71/%@ /%1#\$ $817 56/##*#0 =< /))*'1#$C 4&% $8/$ 71/%^ "4 $817
%1/)8 $8/$ 0&/6@ I&#\$ $817 E1 8/557 /E&($ *$AAA)&#$1#$^ e-17@ 61$\C U*)U &(% 411$ (5@ 5/$
&(%C16H1C &# $81 E/)U@ /#' %16/D]e "C $8/$ %1/667 /))15$/E61^ O&( )/#\$ 1H1% /44&%' $& %16/D@ &% E1
)&#$1#$ *# C/41$7A
F))&%'*#0 $&  %1C1/%)8 C$('7@ 4&% 1H1%7 X<< #1/%J2*CC *#)*'1#$C f#& *#Q(%7g@ 7&( )/# 4*0(%1
/%&(#' >< 2*#&% *#Q(%*1C@ =< 2/Q&% *#Q(%*1C@ /#'  4/$/6*$7 I*66 &))(%A " 51%C&#/667 E16*1H1
$81%1 /%1 2/#7 2&%1 (#%15&%$1' #1/% 2*CC1C &))(%%*#0 4&% 1/)8 *#Q(%7@ E($ 817@ $8/$\C Q(C$ 21A
(),-+&)* /)+ S,,-+&)* +&9-)&+
P8/$ *C $81 '*441%1#)1 E1$I11# /# *#)*'1#$ /#' /# /))*'1#$^ P1\66 (C1 $81 4&66&I*#0 '14*#*$*&#C
4&% $81C1 $I& $1%2C *# $8*C 2&'(61R
F# 2@A2/+@. *C /# (#1D51)$1' 1H1#$ $8/$ 2/7 %1C(6$ *# 5%&51%$7 '/2/01@ E($ '&1C #&$
%1C(6$ *# /# *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CCA "#)*'1#$C /%1 /6C& )/661'@ e#1/% 2*CC1C@e &% e#1/% 8*$CAe
F# <AA2/+@. *C /# (#1D51)$1' 1H1#$ $8/$ 2/7 %1C(6$ *# 5%&51%$7 '/2/01@ /#' '&1C %1C(6$
*# /# *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CC $& /# 1256&711A
F $75*)/6 /))*'1#$ *C $81 %1C(6$ &4 2/#7 %16/$1' /#' (#%16/$1' 4/)$&%C f)&#'*$*&#C@ E18/H*&%Cg
$8/$ &))(% C&21$*21@ C&21I81%1 $8/$ C&218&I /66 '*%1)$67 &% *#'*%1)$67 )&#$%*E($1 $& $81
*#Q(%7 1H1#$ &% /))*'1#$A "$ *C 1C$*2/$1' $8/$ $81%1 /%1 (C(/667 2&%1 $8/# $1# 4/)$&%C $8/$
)&#$%*E($1 $& / C1%*&(C /))*'1#$A +$81% 1D51%$C C$/$1 $8/$ /# /H1%/01 &4 ;K 4/)$&%C C&218&I)&#$%*E($1 $& 2&C$ C1%*&(C /))*'1#$CA P8/$\C $81 5&*#$ 81%1^ D56/*#*#0 I87 /# /))*'1#$
&))(%%1' 2/7 #&$ E1 /# 1/C7 $/CUA
G6/) *<& ="$?KKK="$? *<& 46/):
P81# / C1%*&(C /))*'1#$ &))(%C *# $81 I&%U56/)1@ 1H1%7 I*66 E1 $&& E(C7 '1/6*#0 I*$8 $81
121%01#)7 /$ 8/#' $& I&%%7 /E&($ 5($$*#0 $&01$81% /# *#H1C$*0/$*&# 56/#@ C& $81 E1C$ $*21 $&
'1H16&5 1441)$*H1 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# 5%&)1'(%1C *C E14&%1 $81 /))*'1#$ &))(%CA G81 56/#
C8&(6' *#)6('1 /C / 2*#*2(2 5%&)1'(%1C $8/$ '1$1%2*#1R
P8& C8&(6' E1 #&$*4*1' &4 /))*'1#$^
P8& *C /($8&%*N1' $& #&$*47 &($C*'1 /01#)*1C^ f4*%1@ 5&6*)1@ 1$)Ag
P8& *C /CC*0#1' $& )&#'()$ *#H1C$*0/$*&#C^
G%/*#*#0 %1M(*%1' 4&% /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$&%CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 64/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 GE &4 C:
P8& %1)1*H1C /#' /)$C &# *#H1C$*0/$*&# %15&%$C^
G*21$/E61C 4&% )&#'()$*#0 8/N/%' )&%%1)$*&#A
04%#/.<"
d&8#\C 8(%$ E/'AAA 4166 &44 / C)/44&6' &H1% /$ $81 I&%UC*$1]
O&(\H1 Q(C$ E11# #&$*4*1' &4 /# *#Q(%7 *# $81 I&%U56/)1 /#' *221'*/$167 CI*#0 *#$& /)$*&#A
O&( 0%/E 7&(% *#H1C$*0/$&%\C U*$ /#' 8(%%7 $& $81 /))*'1#$ C)1#1A W7 $81 $*21 7&( 01$ $81%1@
$81 `21%01#)7 .1'*)/6 G1/2 f`.Gg *C /'2*#*C$1%*#0 4*%C$ /*'A "$\C / C1%*&(C /))*'1#$ C& $81
H*)$*2 *C $%/#C5&%$1' $& $81 8&C5*$/6A B&I *$\C C/41 $& *#H1C$*0/$1A
,&@ I8/$ '& I1 #11' $& '& #1D$^
G81 4*%C$ $/CU *C $& C1)(%1 $81 /))*'1#$ C)1#1A G81 1/C*1C$ I/7 $& '& $8*C *C $& 56/)1 7166&I
I/%#*#0 $/51 /%&(#' $81 /%1/A "4 $/51 *C #&$ /H/*6/E61@ I/%#*#0 C*0#C &% 0(/%'C 2/7 E1 %1M(*%1'A
[#%* *<& 9/,*%O 1/2/1KKKM#%* *<& 9/,*%
G81 #1D$ C$15 *# $81 5%&)1'(%1 *C $& 0/$81% (C14(6 *#4&%2/$*&# /E&($ I8/$ '*%1)$67 /#'
*#'*%1)$67 )&#$%*E($1' $& $81 /))*'1#$A "#$1%H*1I*#0 171I*$#1CC1C $& $81 /))*'1#$ *C 5%&E/E67
 &4 $81 2&C$ *25&%$/#$ $1)8#*M(1C *# 0/$81%*#0 *#4&%2/$*&#@ E($ $81%1 /%1 2/#7 &$81% $&&6C
/#' $1)8#*M(1C $&&A
?/$81%*#0 E/)U0%&(#' *#4&%2/$*&# /E&($ $81 /))*'1#$ 2/7 E1 /))&256*C81' *# 2/#7 I/7CA
+4 )&(%C1 7&( I/#$ $& 01$ *#*$*/6 C$/$121#$C $8%&(08 *#$1%H*1IC I*$8 171I*$#1CC1CA G817 )/#
0*H1 7&( 2()8 *#4&%2/$*&# /E&($ $81 )*%)(2C$/#)1C C(%%&(#'*#0 $81 /))*'1#$A O&( C8&(6' $166
$8&C1 I8& 7&( *#*$*/667 *#$1%H*1I $8/$ 7&( 2/7 )&#'()$ 4&66&IJ(5 *#$1%H*1IC *4 2&%1 M(1C$*&#C
C(%4/)1A "#$1%H*1I &$81% *#$1%1C$1' 51%C&#C C()8 /C C(51%H*C&%C@ )&JI&%U1%C@ 1$)A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 65/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 GF &4 C:
O&( C8&(6' /6C& %1H*1I /#7 %1)&%'C /CC&)*/$1' I*$8 $81 /))*'1#$@ *#)6('*#0R
G%/*#*#0 %1)&%'C i*C)*56*#/%7 %1)&%'C
.1'*)/6 %1)&%'C f/C /66&I1'g
./*#$1#/#)1 %1)&%'C
`.G %15&%$C
3&6*)1 %15&%$C f%/%1g
9&%%\C %15&%$ f4/$/6*$*1Cg
+,-F ><< b&0 f5/C$ C*2*6/% *#Q(%*1Cg
,/41$7 9&22*$$11 %1)&%'C
.&%1 21$8&'C *#)6('1R
G/U1 58&$&0%/58C &4 $81 C)1#1A
r*'1&$/51 $81 C)1#1A
./U1 CU1$)81C &4 $81 C)1#1A
./U1 &EC1%H/$*&#C /E&($ $81 C)1#1A
"#)6('1 21/C(%121#$CA
L1212E1% 7&( /%1 0/$81%*#0 *#4&%2/$*&# $& (C1 *# '1H16&5*#0 / C1M(1#)1 &4 C$15C $8/$ 61' (5
$& $81 /))*'1#$A O&( /%1 (6$*2/$167 $%7*#0 $& '1$1%2*#1 C(%4/)1 /#' %&&$ )/(C1C 4&% $81 /))*'1#$A
"$ *C #&$ 7&(% Q&E@ /C /# /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$&%@ $& 56/)1 E6/21A d(C$ 0/$81% $81 4/)$CA
;</* </44&)&+ )&T*@
B&I 7&(\H1 0/$81%1' $&#C &4 *#4&%2/$*&# /E&($ $81 /))*'1#$@ /#' *$\C 5*61' 8*08 &# 7&(% '1CUA
P8/$ '& 7&( '& I*$8 *$^ "$\C *25&%$/#$ $8/$ 7&( %1/' $8%&(08 $81 *#4&%2/$*&# *#*$*/667 $&
'1H16&5 /# /))(%/$1 C1M(1#)1 &4 1H1#$C $8/$ 61' (5 $& /#' *#)6('1' $81 /)$(/6 *#Q(%7 1H1#$A ,11
I8/$ /# /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# C1M(1#)1 &4 1H1#$C 2*08$ 6&&U 6*U1A +,-F)/'127 +#6*#1 ,/41$7
G%/*#*#0 9&(%C1 K<;@ `441)$*H1 "#)*'1#$hF))*'1#$ "#H1C$*0/$*&#@ )&H1%C $8*C $&5*) *# 2&%1 '1$/*6
&# $8*C C(EQ1)$A
"$\C *25&%$/#$ $& (#'1%C$/#' $8/$  &4 $81 5%&E612C I*$8 )&#'()$*#0 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&#C
$& '1$1%2*#1 6*/E*6*$7 fI8&\C $& E6/21g *C $8/$ #&$ 2()8 /#/67C*C *C )&#'()$1' /4$1% 4/(6$ 8/C
E11# '1$1%2*#1'A +# $81 &$81% 8/#'@ *# / e4*DJ$81JC7C$12e )(6$(%1@ /#/67C*C *C 2&%1 *#J'15$8
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 66/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 GG &4 C:
/#' 4&)(C1' &# 4*#'*#0 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C@ #&$ 4/(6$A G81 M(1C$*&# &4 4/(6$ *C #&$ /55%&5%*/$1
/#' '&1C #&$ &))(% (#$*6 $81 '10%11 $& I8*)8 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C )&#$%*E($1' $& $81 /))*'1#$
8/C E11# '1$1%2*#1'A "4 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C '*' #&$ *# /#7 I/7 )&#$%*E($1 $& $81 /))*'1#$@ $81
M(1C$*&# &4 '*C)*56*#1 2/7 /55%&5%*/$167 E1 '*C)(CC1' /4$1% $81 *#H1C$*0/$*&# %15&%$ 8/C E11#
)&2561$1'A
;</* ,/#%&+ *<& /,,-+&)*@
F4$1% '1H16&5*#0 $81 C1M(1#)1C &4 1H1#$C@ $81 #1D$ C$15 *C $& '1$1%2*#1 C(%4/)1 )/(C1CA G8*C
C$15 2/7 E1 '*44*)(6$ E1)/(C1 7&( /%1 4*%C$ C1/%)8*#0 4&% $81 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C &4 $81 /))*'1#$ *#
1/)8 C$15A G8*C )/# $/U1 C&21 $*21A _%&2 $81 )6(1C 7&( (#)&H1%1' '(%*#0 $8*C 58/C1 &4 $81
/#/67C*C@ 7&(\66 E1 /E61 $& '1$1%2*#1 $81 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C &% %&&$ )/(C1CA
08.2/4% 4/8&%&
,(%4/)1 )/(C1C /%1 $81 )&#'*$*&#C /#' E18/H*&%C '*%1)$67 &% *#'*%1)$67 5%&'()*#0 $81 /))*'1#$A FC(%4/)1 )/(C1 *C / %1/'*67 /55/%1#$ %1/C&# 4&% /# /))*'1#$h*#)*'1#$ I8*)8 (C(/667 /551/%C 1/%67
*# /# /))*'1#$h*#)*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&#A F 6�J6/C$*#0 )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&# '&1C #&$ )&21 4%&2 /
C(%4/)1 )/(C1A F C(%4/)1 )/(C1 61/'C $& / %&&$ )/(C1A 3%*2/%7 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C '*%1)$67 )/(C1 $81
/))*'1#$ /#' (C(/667 *#H&6H1 $81 H*)$*2 /#' C&21 &EQ1)$ &% E18/H*&%A ,1)&#'/%7 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C
/%1 (#*M(1 )&#'*$*&#C &% E18/H*&%C $8/$ *#'*%1)$67 )&#$%*E($1 $& $81 /))*'1#$A ,1)&#'/%7 C(%4/)1
)/(C1C )/# &))(% /#7$*21@ E7 /#7 51%C&# *# $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#@ /#' /$ /#7 6&)/$*&#A 9&#'*$*&#C
/%1 &EQ1)$C &% eC$/$1C &4 E1*#0Ae W18/H*&%C '1C)%*E1 C&21 C&%$ &4 /)$*&#@ /)$*H*$7A -1%1 /%1 C&21
1D/2561CR
j#0(/%'1' C/I f)&#'*$*&#g
-&%C156/7 fE18/H*&%g
B&$ (C*#0 81/%*#0 5%&$1)$*&# I81# %1M(*%1' fE18/H*&%g
,6*551%7 46&&% f)&#'*$*&#g
"#/'1M(/$167 $%/*#1' 1256&711 f)&#'*$*&#g
9""$ 4/8&%&
L&&$ )/(C1C /%1 $81 (#'1%67*#0 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C $8/$ *#'*%1)$67 5%&'()1 $81 5%*2/%7 /#'
C1)&#'/%7 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C 61/'*#0 $& $81 /))*'1#$ *#)*'1#$h/))*'1#$A G81 C7C$12 I1/U#1CC1C
/6I/7C 1D*C$ 5%*&% $& $81 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C $8/$ 5%&'()1' $81 /))*'1#$A G817 /%1 $81 5%&0%/2C@
5&6*)*1C@ 56/#C@ 5%&)1CC1C@ /#' 5%&)1'(%1C *# /#7 &4 $81 C1H1# 16121#$C &% /)$*H*$7 /%1/C *# /
C/41$7 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A "$ $/U1C 2&%1 *#J'15$8 *#H1C$*0/$*&# /#' %1C(6$C *# 6�J6/C$*#0
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 67/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 G, &4 C:
)&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&# $8/$ )/# 5%1H1#$ %151$*$*&# &4 $81 /))*'1#$A F %&&$ )/(C1 2/7 E1 %141%%1' $& /C
/ eE/C*)e )/(C1 *# +,-F /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# %15&%$CA
"#/'1M(/$1 &% 2*CC*#0 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0 56/#A
B& )61/%67 C$/$1' C(51%H*C*&#A
B& *#C51)$*&# 5%&)1'(%1CA
"#/'1M(/$1 8/N/%' %15&%$*#0 5%&)1CCA
"#/'1M(/$1 5(%)8/C*#0 5&6*)7A
B& 5%&0%1CC*H1 '*C)*56*#1 5%&)1CCA
D-1& *" 3&4"$* H-)+-)0%
B&I $8/$ 7&( 8/H1 '1H16&51' $81 C1M(1#)1 &4 C$15C 61/'*#0 (5 $&@ /#' *#)6('*#0 $81 /))*'1#$@/#' '1$1%2*#1' C(%4/)1 /#' %&&$ )/(C1C@ *$\C $*21 $& %15&%$ 7&(% 4*#'*#0CA ,&21 1256&71%C /6C&
/CU /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$&%C $& 2/U1 %1)&221#'/$*&#C 4&% )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&#@ C& E1 5%15/%1' 4&%
$8/$A
.&C$ )&25/#*1C 5(%)8/C1 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# 4&%2CA G8/$\C 4*#1@ E($ C&21 4&%2C 61/H1 6*$$61
%&&2 $& I%*$1 $81 $751 &4 '1$/*61' %15&%$ $8/$ *C #1)1CC/%7 4&% / C1%*&(C /))*'1#$A "4 7&( (C1
C()8 / 4&%2@ 2/U1 C(%1 7&( /$$/)8 *25&%$/#$ *#4&%2/$*&# 6*U1 $81 C1M(1#)1 &4 1H1#$C@ /#'
4*#'*#0C I8*)8 *#)6('1 E&$8 C(%4/)1 /#' %&&$ )/(C1CA
F E1$$1% *'1/ *C $& '1H16&5 7&(% &I# %15&%$ 4&%2 $8/$ *#)6('1C $81 4&66&I*#0 4*H1 C1)$*&#CR
=A ,1)$*&# +#1 fW/)U0%&(#' "#4&%2/$*&#gR
G8*C *C $81 I8&@ I8/$@ I81%1@ I817@ I87@ 1$)A "$ 21%167 $166C I8& )&#'()$1' $81
*#C51)$*&#@ I81# *$ I/C '@ I8& $81 H*)$*2 I/C@ 1$)R d(C$ / 4*66J*#J$81JE6/#U
C1)$*&#A
;A ,1)$*&# GI& fi1C)%*5$*&# &4 $81 F))*'1#$gR
G8*C C1)$*&# *#)6('1C $81 C1M(1#)1 &4 1H1#$C 7&( '1H16&51' $& '1$1%2*#1 )/(C1Ad(C$ $/U1 $81 #(2E1%C &44@ /#' 2/U1 / #*)1 )&#)*C1 5/%/0%/58 $8/$ '1C)%*E1C $81
1H1#$C 61/'*#0 (5 $&@ /#' *#)6('*#0 $81 /))*'1#$A
>A ,1)$*&# G8%11 f_*#'*#0CgR
G8*C C1)$*&# *#)6('1C / '1C)%*5$*&# &4 $81 C(%4/)1 /#' %&&$ )/(C1C /CC&)*/$1' I*$8
$81 /))*'1#$A b*C$ $81 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C 4*%C$@ /#' $81# $81*% /CC&)*/$1' %&&$ )/(C1CA
L1212E1%@ 7&(% *#H1C$*0/$*&# *C $& '1$1%2*#1 )/(C1@ #&$ E6/21A "$\C H*%$(/667
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 68/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 GH &4 C:
*25&CC*E61 $& E6/21 /#7  *#'*H*'(/6 4&% / I&%U56/)1 /))*'1#$A i&#\$ 61$
/#7 5%1CC(%1 7&( *#$& 56/)*#0 E6/21A
VA ,1)$*&# _&(% fL1)&221#'/$*&#CgR
G8*C C1)$*&# 2/7 E1 5/%$ &4 7&(% %15&%$ *4 %1M(1C$1' E7 7&(% 1256&71%A
L1)&221#'/$*&#C C8&(6' %16/$1 '*%1)$67 $& $81 C(%4/)1 /#' %&&$ )/(C1C 4&% $81/))*'1#$A _&% *#C$/#)1@ *4  &4 $81 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C 4&% /# /))*'1#$ I/C / C6*551%7
46&&%@ $81 %16/$1' %1)&221#'/$*&# C8&(6' /''%1CC 16*2*#/$*#0 $8/$ 8/N/%'
$8%&(08R 1#0*#11%*#0 )&#$%&6C@ /'2*#*C$%/$*H1 )&#$%&6C@ /#' 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1
1M(*521#$ f33`gA "$\C )%()*/6 $8/$@ /4$1% 2/U*#0 %1)&221#'/$*&#C $& 16*2*#/$1 &%
%1'()1 $81 C(%4/)1 )/(C1C@ 7&( (C1 $81 C/21 5%&)1'(%1 $& %1)&221#' /)$*&#C
$& )&%%1)$ $81 %&&$ )/(C1CA "4 7&( 4/*6 $& '& $8*C@ *$\C / C(%1 E1$ $8/$ C*2*6/%
/))*'1#$C I*66 )&#$*#(1 $& &))(%A
TA
,1)$*&# _*H1 f,(22/%7gR
"# $8*C 4*#/6 C1)$*&#@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $& 5%1C1#$ / )&C$JE1#14*$ /#/67C*CA P8/$ /%1$81 1C$*2/$1' '*%1)$ /#' *#'*%1)$ )&C$C &4 $81 /))*'1#$ E1*#0 *#H1C$*0/$1'^ G81C1
%15%1C1#$ 5&$1#$*/6 4($(%1 )&C$C *4 / C*2*6/% /))*'1#$ I1%1 $& &))(%A 9&25/%1 $8*C
4*0(%1 I*$8 $81 )&C$C /CC&)*/$1' I*$8 $/U*#0 )&%%1)$*H1 /)$*&#^ O&( 2/7 I/#$ $&
/''%1CC %1$(%# &# *#H1C$21#$ /6C&A "#4&%2/$*&# &# )&C$ E1#14*$ /#/67C*C *C
5%1C1#$1' *# +,-F)/'127 9&(%C1 K<;A
P166@ $81%1 *$ *CA L1212E1%@ /# 1441)$*H1 /))*'1#$ *#H1C$*0/$*&# 5%&0%/2 I*66 8165 $& 5%1H1#$
C*2*6/% /))*'1#$C 4%&2 8/551#*#0 /#' 2*#*2*N1 /))*'1#$ )&C$CA +c@ /)1 '1$1)$*H1@ *$\C $*21 $&
$/U1 $81 M(*NA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 69/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 GC &4 C:
."+#6& Z P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
7GB $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> !"#$ 2@J+*.24<.+* .' =2] .5+ aaaaaaa L(. .' L+ D'*. +==+A.2J+ M+
@++/ .' <@<;0K+ <AA2/+@.* .' =2] .5+ aaaaaaB
/A C(%4/)1 )/(C1C@ %&&$ )/(C1C
EA E6/21@ C7C$12
)A 51#/6$*1C@ E6/21
'A )&#'*$*&#C@ E18/H*&%C
7,B S+.5'/* =') 4<.5+)2@4 2@=')D<.2'@ =') <@ <AA2/+@. 2@J+*.24<.2'@ 2@A;(/+ <;; '= .5+=';;'M2@4> +]A+3.T
/A 58&$&C
EA I*$#1CC C$/$121#$C
)A '1$1%2*#*#0 61H16 &4 '*C)*56*#1
'A 1H1#$ /#/67C*C
7HB !@A+ .5+ *+O(+@A+ '= +J+@.* 5<* L++@ /+J+;'3+/> M5<. 2* .5+ @+]. *.+3 2@ .5+ <AA2/+@.
<@<;0*2* 3)'A+**R
/A C(%4/)1 )/(C1 /#/67C*C
EA %&&$ )/(C1 /#/67C*C
)A '1$1%2*#1 /55%&5%*/$1 '*C)*56*#1
'A I%*$1 $81 %15&%$
7CB U52A5 A<(*+ A<.+4')0 5<* .5+ 4)+<.+*. 2D3<A. '@ +;2D2@<.2@4 =(.()+ <AA2/+@.*R
/A C51)*/6 )/(C1C
EA %&&$ )/(C1C
)A C(%4/)1 )/(C1C
'A )&22&# )/(C1C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 70/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,- &4 C:
:-B U52A5 '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 A'@.)'; *.)<.+42+* +;2D2@<.+* ') )+/(A+* .5+ 5<K<)/> 2.*+;=R
/A 1#0*#11%*#0 )&#$%&6C
EA I&%U 5%/)$*)1 )&#$%&6C
)A /'2*#*C$%/$*H1 )&#$%&6C'A 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 71/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,9 &4 C:
."+#6& \C 8/9&*7 N+#,/*-") /)+ D$/-)-)0
()*$"+#,*-")
G8*C 2&'(61 I*66 *#$%&'()1 7&( $& 01#1%/6 +,-F %1M(*%121#$C 4&% 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0A
-&I1H1%@ " I*66 1258/C*N1 e01$$*#0 E17&#' )&256*/#)1e E7 /''%1CC*#0 E1C$ 5%/)$*)1C *#1441)$*H1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 1'()/$*&# 5%&0%/2CA G& 61/%# 2&%1 /E&($ C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#'
$%/*#*#0@ E1 C(%1 $& )&2561$1 +,-F)/'127 9&(%C1 K<>@ "#$%&'()$*&# $& +,- G%/*#*#0A
D<& L-0 G-,*#$&
./#/0121#$ 2/7 *25&C1 /66 U*#'C &4 C/41$7 5&6*)*1C@ 5%&0%/2C@ I%*$$1# 56/#C@ '*%1)$*H1C@ %(61C@
$%/*#*#0AAA&# /#' &#AAA71$ *4 /55%&5%*/$1 /556*)/$*&# &4 1441)$*H1 )&#C1M(1#)1C I*$8*# / )(6$(%1
&4 /))&(#$/E*6*$7 '&1C #&$ 1D*C$@ '1C*%1' E18/H*&%C I*66 #&$ E1 C(C$/*#1'A "4 1256&711C '& #&$
L+;2+J+ $817 /%1 0&*#0 $& E1 816' /))&(#$/E61 4&% $81 '1)*C*&#C $817 2/U1 /#' $81 /)$*&#C $817
$/U1@ 7&( )/# E1 C(%1 $8/$ /#7 C/41$7 144&%$ *C (6$*2/$167 '&&21' $& 4/*6(%1A
,/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0 *C 1D$%12167 *25&%$/#$ $& 1#C(%1 /66 5%&)1CC1C *# 7&(% )&25/#7\C
C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 /%1 1441)$*H1A "4 $8*C )%*$*)/6 16121#$ *C 2*CC*#0@ # &4
$81 &$81% C7C$12 16121#$C )/#@ &% I*66 E1 1441)$*H1A W($@ $8*C 16121#$ *C &4$1# #1061)$1' &%
2/#/01' *#1441)$*H167 E1)/(C1 $81 E1#14*$C 2/7 #&$ E1 *221'*/$1@ $/#0*E61@ /#' '*%1)$67
%16/$1' $& 5%&4*$CA ./#/01%C 2/7 4*#' *$ '*44*)(6$ $& C11 $81 6�J$1%2 *25%&H121#$C *# 5%&)1CC
/#' 5%&'()$ M(/6*$7 $8/$ %1C(6$ 4%&2 /# 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0 5%&0%/2A "$\C
8/%' $& C11 $81 E*0 5*)$(%1R $& C11 $81 /))*'1#$C $8/$ '&#\$ /)$(/667 8/551#A
;</* /$& *<& X8WS *$/-)-)0 $&J#-$&1&)*%@
"$\C &($C*'1 $81 C)&51 &4 $8*C $%/*#*#0 2&'(61 $& )&H1% /66 +,-F $%/*#*#0 %1M(*%121#$C@ E($ "\66
5&*#$ 7&( $& C&21 0&&' %141%1#)1C $8/$ I*66 8165 7&( '1$1%2*#1 $8&C1 %1M(*%121#$C C51)*4*)/667
4&% 7&(% )&25/#7A G81C1 %141%1#)1C /%1 *# F'&E1 F)%&E/$ 4&%2/$ /#' %1M(*%1 $81 4%11 F)%&E/$
L1/'1% C&4$I/%1A
G%/*#*#0 L1M(*%121#$C *# +,-F ,$/#'/%'C /#' G%/*#*#0 ?(*'16*#1CJ +,-F\C G%/*#*#0
L1M(*%121#$C ?(*'1R -1%1\C / 0%1/$ E&&U61$ $8/$ )&H1%C 2/#7 +,-F $%/*#*#0 %1M(*%121#$C /#'
/6C& 0*H1C 7&( C&21 *'1/C &# $%/*#*#0 C$%/$10*1CA
FCC1CC*#0 +))(5/$*&#/6 ,/41$7 /#' -1/6$8 G%/*#*#0R F b*$1%/$(%1 L1H*1IR G8*C B"+,- C5&#C&%1'
%15&%$ %1H*1IC '/$/ 4&(#' *# $81 6*$1%/$(%1 %1461)$*#0 $81 C*0#*4*)/#)1 &4 $%/*#*#0 *# 211$*#0
$81C1 U*#'C &4 &EQ1)$*H1C /#' &($)&21CA F# /#/67C*C $& *'1#$*47 4/)$&%C (#'1%67*#0 / C())1CC4(6
$%/*#*#0 1D51%*1#)1 *C /6C& 5%1C1#$1'A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 72/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,7 &4 C:
L&7")+ X8WS ,"146-/),&
" I/#$ $& 2/U1 C(%1 7&( 4*%267 (#'1%C$/#' $8/$@ $& E1 1441)$*H1@ 7&(% 5%&0%/2 2(C$ *#)6('1
C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' C/41$7 $%/*#*#0A W($@ 8&I '& $81 &EQ1)$*H1C '*441% E1$I11# 1'()/$*&# /#'
$%/*#*#0^
`'()/$*&# /#' G%/*#*#0R P8/$\C $81 '*441%1#)1^
,/41$7 1'()/$*&# *C 1441)$*H1 *# C/H*#0 6*H1C E7 5%*2/%*67 *#)%1/C*#0 &(% U#&I61'01A "#)%1/C1'
U#&I61'01 I*66 *25%&H1 /$$*$('1C /#' CU*66CA _&% 1D/2561@ ?/%7@ / %1)1#$ C$('1#$ I%&$1R
e" C$%1CC $& 27 )&JI&%U1%C $8/$ / 6*41 Q/)U1$ *C 2/#'/$&%7 &# '1)UA P1 8*%1' / 7&(#0 0(7 I8&
I/C / CI*221% *# )&66101A -1 416$ 8*C CI*22*#0 CU*66C I1%1 C()8 $8/$ 81 '*' #&$ #11' $81 Q/)U1$A
P1 1'()/$1' 8*2 &# 875&$81%2*/ /#' $8/$ 81 )&(6' #&$ C/H1 8*2C164 *4 81 4166 &H1% *# >T
'10%11 I/$1%A +#)1 81 (#'1%C$&&' $81 8/N/%'@ 81 I&%1 $81 Q/)U1$ /$ /66 $*21C@ E1)/(C1 81
I/#$1' $&@ #&$ E1)/(C1 81 8/' $&Ae
@' '0+3.,' ,% )8%9 98&
G81%1 /%1 2/#7 '14*#*$*&#C 4&% 1'()/$*&#A P*$8*# $81 )&#$1D$ &4 &))(5/$*&#/6 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8@
1'()/$*&# '1C)%*E1C I8&@ I8/$@ I81%1@ I81#@ /#' 2&C$ *25&%$/#$67@ I87 C/41$7 5%&)1'(%1 /#'
5%/)$*)1 /%1 #1)1CC/%7A `'()/$*&# *#4&%2C@ 51%C(/'1C@ /#' 2&$*H/$1C $& /441)$ /$$*$('1A
G81 #(2E1%  %1/C&# 1256&711C '&#\$ 4&66&I C/41$7 %(61C *C $8/$ $817 '&#\$ U#&I I87 $817
/%1 *25&%$/#$]
G& 2/U1 C(%1 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0 *C 1441)$*H1@ *$\C #1)1CC/%7 $& $*1 $81 $%/*#*#0 $&
/))&(#$/E*6*$7A +#1 &4 $81 2&C$ 1441)$*H1 I/7C $& '& $8*C *C $& 1258/C*N1 $81 #/$(%/6 /#' C7C$12
)&#C1M(1#)1C $8/$ %1C(6$ 4%&2 $81 /55%&5%*/$1 /556*)/$*&# &4 I8/$\C E1*#0 61/%#1'A
9&#C1M(1#)1C %15%1C1#$ $81 I87 *# C/41$7 1'()/$*&#A
[<.()<; A'@*+O(+@A+* '1C)%*E1 $81 $751 &4 *#Q(%7h*66#1CC $8/$ 2*08$ %1C(6$ *4 I1 '&#\$ 4&66&I
5%&)1'(%1CA _&% *#C$/#)1R
F# 1256&711 E%1/UC /# /%2 &% 610 /C $81 %1C(6$ &4 / 4/66A
F# 1256&711 1C)/51C *#Q(%7 E7 5%&51%67 (C*#0 / 51%C&#/6 4/66 /%%1C$ C7C$12A
"0*.+D A'@*+O(+@A+* '1C)%*E1 $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#/6 %1C5&#C1 $& 51%4&%2/#)1A _&% *#C$/#)1AAA
F# 1256&711 I&(6' E1 C(EQ1)$ $& / '*C)*56*#/%7 5%&)1CC 4&% 4/*6*#0 $& )&2567 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61CA
F# 1256&711 2*08$ E1 %1)&0#*N1' 4&% 211$*#0 0&/6C &% 1D)11'*#0 1D51)$/$*&#CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 73/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,: &4 C:
L1212E1%@ I1 '& I8/$ I1 '& *# $81 I&%U56/)1 E1)/(C1 &4 $81 )&#C1M(1#)1CA ,/41$7 1'()/$*&#
/#' $%/*#*#0 2(C$ 2/U1 )&#C1M(1#)1C )61/%A
@' ,(.-/ ,% )8%9 8%9
G%/*#*#0@ /C / 4&%2 &4 1'()/$*&#@ 8/C / C6*08$67 '*441%1#$ '14*#*$*&#A ,/41$7 $%/*#*#0 *C 5%*2/%*67)&#)1%#1' I*$8 /441)$*#0 /$$*$('1 $8%&(08 *25%&H*#0 CU*66CA
G8*C *C 01#1%/667 /))&256*C81' $8%&(08 '12&#C$%/$*&# JJ C8&I*#0 8&I $& C/4167 /))&256*C8 $81
C$15C &4 / 5/%$*)(6/% $/CU &% 5%&)1'(%1A _&% *#C$/#)1R
" 2*08$ $%/*# C&21 8&I $& /))&256*C8 $81 5%&)1'(%1C 4&% 51%4&%2*#0 6&)U&($h$/0&($ &4 /
2/)8*#1 5%*&% $& C1%H*)*#0 &% 2/*#$1#/#)1A
" 2/7 $%/*# 1256&711C &# 8&I $& 5%&51%67 )61/# (5 /# *#)*'1#$/6 )812*)/6 C5*66A
" 2*08$ $%/*# / )*#1' C5/)1 1#$%7 $1/2 &# 8&I $& 51%4&%2 121%01#)7 %1C)(1 5%&)1'(%1CA
;<7 -% &+#,/*-") %" -14"$*/)*@
`/%6*1% " C/*' $8/$ 1'()/$*&# $166C $81 eI87e *# / 61/%#*#0 5%&)1CCA "# C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8@ $81 I87
)/# C/H1 / 51%C&#\C 6*41A W7 4/% $81 2&C$ )&22&# %1/C&# I&%U1%C '& #&$ 4&66&I C/41$7 %(61C f&%
/#7 %(61g *C $8/$ $817 '&#\$ (#'1%C$/#' I87 '&*#0 C& *C *25&%$/#$A G817 '&#\$ (#'1%C$/#' $81
)&#C1M(1#)1CA
_&% *#C$/#)1@ "\66 E1$ 7&(% )&25/#7 8/C / 6*C$ &4 C/41$7 %(61C $8/$ $817 /CU1' 7&( $& %1/' I81#
7&( I1%1 4*%C$ 8*%1'A i*' /#7 '*C)(CC I*$8 7&( /$ $8/$ $*21 1/)8 %(61@ /#' I87 $8/$ %(61 I/C*25&%$/#$ $& 4&66&I^ b*U167 #&$A fG81%1\C /6I/7C /# 1D)15$*&# $& $8*C@ /#' *4 7&( /%1
AAA)�%/$(6/$*&#C]g "4 7&( C 8/H1 / 6*C$ &4 %(61C@ 7&( 2/7 I/#$ $& C(001C$ *#)&%5&%/$*#0 /
C8&%$ 5/%/0%/58 1D56/*#*#0 I87 $81 %(61C /%1 *25&%$/#$A
"4 7&(% )&25/#7 /$$125$C $& *#C$*$($1 )8/#01 *# /#7 5/%$ &4 $81 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 5%&0%/2 f&%
/#7 &$81% 5%&0%/2g@ $81 144&%$ I*66 4/*6 *4 $81 )&25/#7 C $%/*#C 51&561 8&I $& )8/#01 I*$8&($
1'()/$*#0 *# C()8 / I/7 $8/$ #&$ C *#4&%2C@ E($ /6C& 2&$*H/$1C /#' 51%C(/'1C I&%U1%C $8/$
$81 )8/#01 *C #1)1CC/%7 /#' *# 1H1%7\C\ E1C$ *#$1%1C$A
(*2% /66 /5"#* ]8<"= /)+ D&66]
,/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0 '&1C#\$ 8/H1 $& E1 '*44*)(6$ &% 1D51#C*H1R *$\C #&$ %&)U1$ C)*1#)1A
,&@ I8/$ *C 5%&E/E67 $81 E1C$ /#' 2&C$ )&22&# 21$8&' $& $%/*# C51)*4*) C/41$7 5%&)1'(%1C^
+#J$81JQ&E C8&I /#' $166A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 74/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,E &4 C:
S 8-146& 8&I&)F8*&4 X)FD<&F["5 D$/-)-)0 ^X[D_ G$",&%%
,/41$7 $%/*#*#0 C8&(6' E1 C*2561 $%/*#*#0A -&514(667@ *$\C ' I81%1 $81 $/CU *C 51%4&%21'A
-&514(667 $81 C(51%H*C&% J $81 51%C&# %1C5&#C*E61 4&% $81 I&%U1%\C C/41$7 J *C )&#'()$*#0 $81
$%/*#*#0A P87AAA^ P166@ *4 / C(51%H*C&% *C#\$ U#&I61'01/E61 1#&(08 $& $%/*# C/41 5%&)1'(%1C@ 8&I
)/# 81 &% C81 5%&51%67 C(51%H*C1@ '*C)*56*#1@ &% %1)&0#*N1 C/41$7 E18/H*&%C /'1M(/$167^
f,&%%7AAA0&$ &# 27 C&/5 E&D /0/*#Ag
W16&I *C / C*2561 C1H1#JC$15 +dG $%/*#*#0 5%&)1CC $8/$ 8165C $& 1#C(%1 #1I 1256&711C '&#\$ 01$
8(%$ I8*61 E1*#0 $%/*#1'A B&I " U#&I $8/$ 2*08$ C&(#' 4(##7@ E($ *$\C 8/551#1'A `C51)*/667
#&$*)1 *# C$15 V $8/$ $81 1256&711 2(C$ 01$ 51%2*CC*&# $& )&#$*#(1A G8/$\C / )%*$*)/6 )&25#$
&4 $81 C/41 5%&)1'(%1A
".+3 98 ?@.)'/(A.2'@T ,$/$1 /#' '*C)(CC $81 61/%#*#0 &EQ1)$*H1C /#' /#CI1% /#7 M(1C$*&#C $81
1256&711 2/7 8/H1A i*C)(CC $81 /))15$/E61 C$/#'/%'C &4 U#&I61'01 /#' 51%4&%2/#)1A G166 $81
$%/*#11 I8/$ 7&(\%1 0&*#0 $& $%/*#A `258/C*N1 $81 *25&%$/#)1 &4 $81 5%&)1'(%1 $& $81 C())1CC
&4 $81 5%&'()$*&#hC1%H*)1 0&/6CA "#H*$1 M(1C$*&#CA 258/C*N1 $81 #/$(%/6 /#' C7C$12
)&#C1M(1#)1C &4 $81*% 51%4&%2/#)1A G81 #/$(%/6 )&#C1M(1#)1C '1C)%*E1 $81 8(%$ &% 81/6$8 $8/$
/($&2/$*)/667 %1C(6$CA G81 C7C$12 )&#C1M(1#)1C /%1 $8&C1 )&#C1M(1#)1C $81 &%0/#*N/$*&#
/556*1C /C / %1C(6$ &4 /# 1256&711\C 51%4&%2/#)1m '*C)*56*#1 &% 5&C*$*H1 %1)&0#*$*&#A
".+3 78 ^)<2@+) *5'M* <@/ .+;;*T "# $8*C C$15 $81 $%/*#11 E1)&21C 4/2*6*/% I*$8 1/)8 I&%U
5%/)$*)1 /#' I87 *$ *C *25&%$/#$A L1H*1I $81 *#*$*/6 )&#'*$*&#C 4&% $81 5%&)1'(%1A i12&#C$%/$1
$81 5%&)1CC@ )/%14(667 1D56/*#*#0 1/)8 C$15 /C 7&( 0&A F#CI1% M(1C$*&#C /#' )&#$*#(1 $&
'12&#C$%/$1 /#' 1D56/*# (#$*6 $81 1256&711 (#'1%C$/#'C I8/$ $& '&@ I81# /#' I87 $& '& *$@/#' 8&I $& '& *$A
G%/*#1%R `k3bF"B, /#' 3`L_+L., 1/)8 C$15A
b1/%#1%R +W,`Lr`, 1/)8 C$15 /#' aj`,G"+B, $81 $%/*#1%A
".+3 :8 c+<)@+) .+;;* 8 ^)<2@+) *5'M*T G8*C C$15 *C #1)1CC/%7 I81# 1D5&C(%1 $& 8/N/%'C *#81%1#$*# $81 5%&)1'(%1 )&(6' )/(C1 C1%*&(C 8/%2A "$ 5%&$1)$C $81 $%/*#11 E1)/(C1 $81 $%/*#1% 51%4&%2C
$81 5%&)1'(%1A G81 $%/*#11 1D56/*#C $81 5%&)1'(%1 $& $81 $%/*#1%@ I8*61 $81 $%/*#1% '&1C *$A G8*C
0*H1C $81 $%/*#1% /# &55&%$(#*$7 $& '*C)&H1% I81$81% $81%1 I1%1 /#7 2*C(#'1%C$/#'*#0C *# $81
5%1H*&(C C$15A G81 $%/*#11 /6C& %1C5&#'C $& $%/*#1% M(1C$*&#CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 75/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,F &4 C:
b1/%#1%R `k3bF"B, 1/)8 C$15 /#' L`,3+Bi, $& M(1C$*&#CA
G%/*#1%R 3`L_+L., 1/)8 C$15 /#' aj`,G"+B, $81 $%/*#11A
".+3 E8 c+<)@+) *5'M* <@/ .+;;*T G81 $%/*#1% 8/C $81 $%/*#11 '& *$A G81 $%/*#11 1D56/*#C $81 C$15@
01$C 51%2*CC*&# $& 51%4&%2 $81 C$15 /#' $81# )/%%*1C &($ $81 C$15A G8*C C$15 *C H1%7 *25&%$/#$
I81# $%/*#*#0 $/CUC $8/$ 2*08$ %1C(6$ *# C1%*&(C 587C*)/6 *#Q(%7 &% '1/$8 *4 #&$ 51%4&%21'
)&%%1)$67A G81 61/%#1% 2/7 $%7 $& 51%4&%2 $81 $/CU $&& M(*)U67@ *#)%1/C*#0 $81 5%&E/E*6*$7 &4 /#
*#Q(%7A L1M(*%*#0 51%2*CC*&# 8165C 5%1H1#$ $8*C 4%&2 8/551#*#0A
b1/%#1%R `k3bF"B, $81 C$15@ 01$C 3`L.",,"+B /#' $81# 3`L_+L., 1/)8 C$15A
G%/*#1%R?*H1 3`L.",,"+B /#' +W,`Lr`, 1/)8 C$15@ /CU aj`,G"+B, /C $81
$%/*#11 51%4&%2CA
".+3 F8 &'@A;(*2'@T L1)&0#*N1 /))&256*C821#$ – “Good job” L11258/C*N1 $81 *25&%$/#)1 &4$81 5%&)1'(%1 /#' 8&I *$ 4*$C *#$& $81 &H1%/66 5%&)1CCA G*1 $81 $%/*#*#0 /0/*# $& /))&(#$/E*6*$7 E7
'*C)(CC*#0 $81 #/$(%/6 /#' C7C$12 )&#C1M(1#)1C &4 51%4&%2/#)1A
".+3 G8 d'A([email protected] G%/*#*#0 '&)(21#$/$*&# C8&(6' E1 2&%1 $8/# /# /$$1#'/#)1 C811$A ,11 $81
C/2561 $%/*#*#0 )1%$*4*)/$*&# '&)(21#$ &# $81 #1D$ 5/01A "$ %15%1C1#$C  5&CC*E61 I/7 $&
'&)(21#$ $%/*#*#0A ,$%� '&)(21#$/$*&# *#)6('1CR
G%/*#11\C /#' $%/*#1%\C #/21A
i/$1 &4 $%/*#*#0A
,(EQ1)$fCg E1*#0 $%/*#1' J 5%&)1'(%1C@ 5%/)$*)1C@ %16/$1' 5&6*)*1C@ %(61C@ 1$)A 91%$*4*)/$*&# J $%/*#11 /#' $%/*#1% C*0#/$(%1CA
G%/*#11 C$/$121#$ &4 (#'1%C$/#'*#0 /#' *#$1#$ $& )&2567A
G%/*#11 C$/$121#$ $8/$ 81hC81 I/C 5%&H*'1' &55&%$(#*$7 $& 5%/)$*)1A
G%/*#1% C$/$121#$ $8/$ $1C$*#0 &4 U#&I61'01 /#' CU*66C I/C )&#'()$1'A
G%/*#1% C$/$121#$ $8/$ C$('1#$ '12&#C$%/$1' /'1M(/$1 U#&I61'01 /#' CU*66A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 76/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,G &4 C:
".+3 ,8 I<;2/<.+T F$ C&21 5&*#$ *# $*21 /4$1% $81 )&#)6(C*&# &4 $81 +dG C1CC*&#@ &EC1%H1 /#'
M(1C$*&# $81 1256&711 $& H/6*'/$1 $8/$ $81 $%/*#*#0 8/C E11# C())1CC4(6 /#' $8/$ $81 1256&711
8/C '1H16&51' / 5%&51% /$$*$('1 %16/$1' $& $81 I&%UA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 77/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,, &4 C:
."+#6& \ P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
:9B "<=+.0 +/(A<.2'@ D(*. .+;; aaaaaaaaaa <@/ *<=+.0 .)<2@2@4 3)2D<)2;0 .+;;* aaaaaaaaaaaaB
/A I81%1@ I81#
EA 8&I@ I87
)A I81#@ I81%1
'A I87@ 8&I
:7B Paaaaaaaaaaaa 2* '=.+@ @+4;+A.+/ ') D<@<4+/ 2@+==+A.2J+;0 L+A<(*+ .5+ L+@+=2.* D<0 @'.
L+ 2DD+/2<.+> .<@42L;+> <@/ /2)+A.;0 )+;<.+/ .' 3)'=2.*BP
/A ,/41$7 '()/$*&#
EA ,/41$7 #4&%)121#$
)A 31%C&#/6 3%&$1)$*H1 M(*521#$
'A 7&(\%1 4/*6*#0 $& 1'()/$1
::B $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> M5<. 2* 3)'L<L;0 .5+ L+*. <@/ D'*. A'DD'@ D+.5'/ .' .)<2@
*3+A2=2A *<=+.0 3)'A+/()+*R
/A 61)$(%1
EA C8&I /#' $166
)A *#1 $%/*#*#0
'A )6/CC%&&2 '*C)(CC*&#
:EB ?@ .5+ *+J+@8*.+3 !Q^ 3)'A+/()+> .52* A'D3'@+@. 5+;3* D<N+ *()+ .5+ @+M +D3;'0++
/'+* @'. 4+. 2@`()+/ 3+)=')D2@4 < *.+3 2@ .5+ .<*N L+2@4 ;+<)@+/T
/A 1D56/*# $81 C$15
EA '& $81 C$15
)A 01$ 51%2*CC*&#
'A /CU M(1C$*&#C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 78/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,H &4 C:
:FB $;; '= .5+ =';;'M2@4 <)+ @+A+**<)0 .' </+O(<.+;0 /'A(D+@. .)<2@2@4> +]A+3.T
/A *#$1#$ $& )&2567
EA )1%$*4*)/$*&# &4 U#&I61'01 /#' CU*66C
)A I&%U1% #/21@ '/$1@ C(EQ1)$'A $1C$ C)&%1C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 79/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 ,C &4 C:
."+#6& C D"*/6 P#/6-*7 8/9&*7 ./)/0&1&)*
S a&I&$ N)+-)0 8*"$7
9�%/$(6/$*&#C &# %1/)8*#0 $81 6/C$ 2&'(61 *# $8*C )&(%C1A F)$(/667@ $8*C *C Q(C$ $81 C$/%$ &4 /
)&#$*#(&(C C/41$7 *25%&H121#$ 5%&)1CC (5&# I8*)8 7&( /#' &$81%C *# 7&(% )&25/#7 I*668&514(667 12E/%UA G81 2&'(61 *C M(*$1 6�@ C& 7&( 2/7 I/#$ $& 5%*#$ *$ &($ 4*%C$@ '& $81 I&%U
&44J6*#1 /#' $81# 1#$1%hC(E2*$ $81 /#CI1%C 6/$1%A
"# $8*C 2&'(61 I1\66 1D/2*#1 G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7 ./#/0121#$ )&#)15$C $8/$ /5567 $& /66
16121#$C &4 $81 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A ,*#)1 I1\%1 $/6U*#0 /E&($ e6*41 /#'
6*2E@e )&#$*#(&(C 1H/6(/$*&# /#' *25%&H121#$ &4 $81 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 *C
/66 $81 2&%1 *25&%$/#$ $& 2/U1 C(%1 /66 16121#$C /%1 *# 56/)1 /#' 1441)$*H167 2/*#$/*#1'A
P#/6-*7 /)+ 8/9&*7C G/$*)&$% -) 4$"+#,*-I-*7
"$\C *25&%$/#$ $& $8*#U &4 C/41$7 /C /# *25&%$/#$ /C51)$ &4 E&$8 5%&'()$ /#' 5%&)1CC M(/6*$7 *#
$81 I&%U56/)1A "# $8*C )&(%C1@ I1\66 /''%1CC $8&C1 )&#)15$C /#' 5%*#)*561C $8/$ /5567 C/41$7
C51)*4*)/667 $& 5%&)1CC C/41$7A b1$\C $/U1 / E%*14 6&&U /$ 8&I 5%&'()$ /#' 5%&)1CC C/41$7 '*441%A
3%&'()$ M(/6*$7 *C 16(C*H1A G81 C I/7 7&( U#&I 7&( 8/H1 *$ *C E7 /CU*#0 $8&C1 I8& '14*#1 *$R
G81 )(C$&21%A F66 $81 )&25/#7 )/# '& *C $& $%7 8/%' $& 5%&'()1 / 5%&'()$ $8/$ 4*$C $81
)(C$&21%\C '14*#*$*&# &4 M(/6*$7A P81# $81 5%&'()$ *C '1C*0#1' $& 5%1H1#$ *#Q(%7 &% *66#1CC@ $81
)(C$&21% I*66 '14*#1 $81 5%&'()$ /C C/41A FC I1 /66 U#&I@ )(C$&21% 51%)15$*&#C /E&($ 5%&'()$
C/41$7 /%1 H1%7 *25&%$/#$ $81C1 '/7CA j#4&%$(#/$167@ C&21 )&25/#*1C '& #&$ $/U1 C/41$7 *#$&
)&#C*'1%/$*&# I81# '1C*0#*#0 $81*% 5%&'()$CA 9&#C1M(1#$67 $817 2/7 (#*#$1#$*&#/667 '1C*0#(#C/41 &% (#81/6$84(6 41/$(%1C *#$& $81*% 5%&'()$CA
3%&)1CC M(/6*$7 /#' C/41$7 /%1 H1%7 )6&C167 %16/$1'A 3%&)1CC M(/6*$7 2/7 E1 )&#C*'1%1' 1%%&%J4%11
I&%U@ /#' C/41$7@ /C  16121#$ &4 5%&)1CC@ )/# E1 $8&(08$ &4 /C *#Q(%7J4%11 I&%UA P81# /#
*#Q(%7 &))(%C@ $81 e1H1#$e *#)%1/C1C $81 #(2E1% &4 (##1)1CC/%7 /#' I/C$1' C$15C *# $81
5%&'()$*&# 5%&)1CCA -&I '&1C C/41$7 4*$ *#$& $81 )&#$*#(&(C M(/6*$7 *25%&H121#$ 58*6&C&587^
D<& 8<&=</$*bc&1-)0 !7,6&
F4$1% /CU*#0 $81 M(1C$*&#C /E&H1@ 7&( 2/7 '*C)&H1% $8/$  &% 2&%1 *25%&H121#$C $& 7&(%$%/*#*#0 5%&0%/2 *C #1)1CC/%7@ *$\C *25&%$/#$ $& )/%14(667 '1H16&5 /#' *256121#$ $81 )8/#01
$8%&(08 1441)$*H1 )8/#01 2/#/0121#$ 5%*#)*561CA
+#1 C*2561 )8/#01 2/#/0121#$ $1)8#*M(1 *C $& (C1 $81 36/#Ji&J,$('7JF)$ f3i,Fg 97)61@ 4*%C$
'1H16&51' E7 i%A P/6$1% ,81I8/%$@ /#' 6/$1% /556*1' E7 PA `'I/%'C i12*#0@ $81 4/$81% &4 $&$/6
M(/6*$7 2/#/0121#$@ $& $%/#C4&%2 $81 *#'(C$%7 &4 d/5/# /4$1% P&%6' P/% ""A -1 5%&2&$1' $81
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 80/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 H- &4 C:
3i,F 97)61 $8/$ I/C 5/%$67 %1C5&#C*E61 4&% d/5/#\C 21$1&%*) %*C1 *# 2/#(4/)$(%*#0A -1 E16*1H1'
$8/$ C$/$*C$*)C 8&6' $81 U17 $& *25%&H*#0 5%&)1CC1C@ /#' $8/$ 2/#/0121#$ 2(C$ $/U1
%1C5&#C*E*6*$7 4&% M(/6*$7 *# $81 I&%U56/)1 E1)/(C1 2/#/0121#$ )&#$%&6C $81 5%&)1CC1CA
12".34/3-,5#&36!, 714-68 9&!2$
".+3 9T Z;<@ 8 d+*24@ .5+ A5<@4+
') .+*.B G/U1 $*21 $& $8&%&(0867
56/# $81 5%&5&C1' )8/#01 *# $81
$%/*#*#0 5%&0%/2 E14&%1 *$\C
*256121#$1'B
".+3 7T d' 8 &<))0 '(. .5+
A5<@4+ ') .+*.A "256121#$ $81
)8/#01 &% $1C$ *$ &# / C2/66
C)/61A
".+3 ET $A. 8 $/'3.> <L<@/'@> ')
)+3+<. .5+ A0A;+A "#)&%5&%/$1
I8/$ I&%UC *#$& $81 C7C$12A FCU
#&$ C *4 I1\%1 '&*#0 $81 %*08$
$8*#0C@ E($ /CU *4 I1\%1 '&*#0
$8*#0C %*08$A
".+3 :T ".(/0 8 \]<D2@+ .5+
+==+A.* ') )+*(;.* '= .5+ A5<@4+
') .+*.A G& '1$1%2*#1 I8/$ I/C
61/%#1'R I8/$ I1#$ %*08$ &%
I%�A ,$/$*C$*)/6 5%&)1CC
/#/67C*C@ C(%H17C@
M(1C$*&##/*%1C@ *#$1%H*1ICA
;</* -% D"*/6 P#/6-*7 ./)/0&1&)* ^DP._@
G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ./#/0121#$ *C / C$%/$10*) /55%&/)8 $& 2/#/0121#$ $8/$ $/U1C /'H/#$/01 &4 /66
)&%5&%/$1 %1C&(%)1C $& )&#$*#(/667 *25%&H1 51%4&%2/#)1 /#' 5%&)1CC1C C& $8/$ $817 2/7
(6$*2/$167 E1 1%%&% 4%11A G81 %1C(6$ *C / 5%&'()$ &% C1%H*)1 $8/$ 0%1/$67 1D)11'C )(C$&21%
1D51)$/$*&#CA
D<& ,</14-")% "9 D"*/6 P#/6-*7 8/9&*7 ./)/0&1&)*
i%A PA `'I/%'C i12*#0 *C )&#C*'1%1' E7 2&C$ $& E1 $81 4/$81% &4 G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7
./#/0121#$A -1 I/C 5%&E/E67 2&%1 %1C5&#C*E61 $8/# /#7 &$81% 51%C&# 4&% d/5/#\C 21$1&%*)
%*C1 *# 2/#(4/)$(%*#0A -1 E16*1H1' $8/$ C$/$*C$*)C 8&6' $81 U17 $& *25%&H*#0 5%&)1CC1C@ /#' $8/$
2/#/0121#$ 2(C$ $/U1 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 4&% M(/6*$7 *# $81 I&%U56/)1 E1)/(C1 2/#/0121#$
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 81/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 H9 &4 C:
)&#$%&6C $81 5%&)1CC1CA G8*C 2&'(61 I*66 $/U1 / 6&&U /$ 8*C =V 3&*#$C &4 G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7
./#/0121#$ /C $817 %16/$1 $& C/41$7A
d&C158 .A d(%/# I/C / )&#$125&%/%7 &4 i12*#0@ /#' / C1)&#' 0%1/$ )&#$%*E($&% $& $81 C())1CC
&4 d/5/#\C 2/#/0121#$ %1H&6($*&# &4 $81 V<\C /#' T<\CA -1 H*1I1' M(/6*$7 5%&E612C /C [<n $81
%1C(6$ &4 I1/U#1CC1C *# $81 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12 /#' ;<n /$$%*E($/E61 $& I&%U1%CA -1 I&(6'
8/H1@ #& '&(E$@ $81 C/21 &5*#*&# /E&($ $81 )/(C1C &4 I&%U56/)1 *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CCA b*U1
i12*#0@ 81 /'2&#*C81' 2/#/01%C $& /H&*' )/25/*0#C /#' C6&0/#C $& 2&$*H/$1 $81 I&%U4&%)1
$& C&6H1 $81 )&25/#7\C M(/6*$7 5%&E612CA -1 4/H&%1' $81 (C1 &4 M(/6*$7 )*%)61C E1)/(C1 $817
*25%&H1' )&22(#*)/$*&#C E1$I11# 2/#/0121#$ /#' 6/E&%@ /#' I&(6' 8/H1 C(%167 *25%&H1'
&4 $81 *'1/ &4 2/#/0121#$J6/E&% C/41$7 )&22*$$11C I8*)8 8/H1 E11# 1C$/E6*C81' 4&% $81 C/21
5(%5&C1A
38*6*5 WA 9%&CE7@ / M(/6*$7 1D51%$@ I/C %1C5&#C*E61 4&% M(/6*$7 4&% $81 31%C8*#0 2*CC*61 5%&Q1)$ /$
./%$*# 9&%5&%/$*&#@ I/C '*%1)$&% &4 M(/6*$7 4&% "GG@ /#' *# =SKS 4&%21' 38*6*5 9%&CE7FCC&)*/$1CA -1 '14*#1C M(/6*$7 /CR ?G%/1%("./3' ,% ('Y+-('"'/,)C :::98-38 3./ %/$& 2' "'.)+('0
2& ,8' 3%), %1 /%/3%/1%("./3':? [' "-<8, 3%/)-0'( ).1',& .) ,8' ?3%/1%("./3' ,% -/B+(&\ ./0
-$$/'))\1('' 9%(D #(.3,-3')C… 98-38 3./ 2' "'.)+('0 %/$& 2& .='(.<' -/0+),(& 3%),):? b*U1
i12*#0@ 81 '1H16&51' =V C$15C $& M(/6*$7 *25%&H121#$A
c&1-)02% H"#$*&&) G"-)*% S446-&+ *" D"*/6 P#/6-*7 8/9&*7
i12*#0\C =V 3&*#$C 4&%2 C&21 &4 $81 2&C$ *25&%$/#$ )&#)15$C /#' /55%&/)81C $& )&#$*#(&(C
M(/6*$7 *25%&H121#$ 58*6&C&587A G81 4&)(C &4 $8*C 2&'(61 *C $& E1$$1% (#'1%C$/#' /#' /5567
1/)8 &4 i12*#0\C =V 5&*#$C $& I&%U56/)1 C/41$7A ,&@ 61$\C 1D/2*#1 I8/$ 81 C/7C /E&($ M(/6*$7@/#' 8&I *$ )/# E1 /556*1' $& C/41$7A
1/)., :0 9*$",$ " !/.+,"., ;5*;/+$ ,/ )%;*/<$ ,=$ ;*/#5!, ".# +$*<)!$> ?),= ,=$ ")% ,/ @$
!/%;$,),)<$> +,"& ). @5+).$++> ".# ;*/<)#$ A/@+B
i12*#0 C5&U1 /E&($ $81 e5%&E612C &4 $&'/7 /#' $81 5%&E612C &4 $&2&%%&I@e /#' $8/$
2/#/0121#$ *# F21%*)/ $&'/7 $1#'C $& 4&)(C C &# $&'/7\C 5%&E612C I81# *$ C8&(6' E1
56/)*#0 *#)%1/C1'@ *4 #&$ 2&C$ 1258/C*C &# $&2&%%&I\C $8%1/$C /#' &55&%$(#*$*1C $& *25%&H1
)&251$*$*H1 5&C*$*&#A ./#/0121#$ C8&(6' E1 4&)(C1' )&#C$/#$67 &# *25%&H*#0 $81 C/41$7 &4
2/$1%*/6C@ 1M(*521#$@ I&%U56/)1 1#H*%#$@ /#' I&%U 5%/)$*)1C $&'/7 C& $8/$ *$ )/# %12/*#C())1CC4(6 $&2&%%&IA G81 &EQ1)$*H1 &4 )&#$*#(/667 I&%U*#0 $&I/%' / C/41 /#' 81/6$84(6
I&%U56/)1 $&'/7@ C& $8/$ 41I1% *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1C &))(% *# $81 4($(%1 4*$C I166 I*$8 i12*#0\C
)&#C$/#)7 &4 5(%5&C1A "4 2/#/0121#$ C())1CC4(667 )&22(#*)/$1C $81 )61/%@ )&#C*C$1#$ 21CC/01
&H1% $81 71/%C $8/$ I&%U56/)1 C/41$7 *C / )&%1 H/6(1 f/C C$/$1' *# $81 2*CC*&# C$/$121#$g@ /#'
$81%1 /%1 e#& 1D)(C1Ce 4&% /))*'1#$C@ $81 )&25/#7 )/# E1 C())1CC4(6 *# '1H16&5*#0 / I&%6'J)6/CC
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 82/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 H7 &4 C:
C/41$7 )(6$(%1A "4 / )&25/#7 )&#C*'1%C C/41$7 C / 5%*&%*$7 $8/$ 2/7 E1 )8/#01' I81#
)&#H1#*1#$@ )&#C$/#)7 &4 5(%5&C1 *C #&$ )&22(#*)/$1'A
1/)., C0 6#/;, " .$? ;=)2/+/;=&B D$ "*$ ). " .$? $!/./%)! "E$B D$+,$*. %"."E$%$., %5+,
"?"F$. ,/ ,=$ !="22$.E$> %5+, 2$"*. ,=$)* *$+;/.+)@)2),)$+> ".# ,"F$ /. 2$"#$*+=); G/* "
!=".E$B
P1 )&#$*#(/667 $1/)8 $8/$ 2/#/0121#$ 2(C$ C$15 &($C*'1 *$C164 $& %1461)$@ $& $/U1 / #1I 6&&U /$
I8/$ *$C 5(%5&C1 *C@ 6� $1%2A ,/41$7 )/# #1H1% E1 (#'1%C$&&' &% 5%&51%67 /55%1)*/$1' *4 C
$81 C8&%$ $1%2 H*1I *C $/U1# E7 2/#/0121#$A a(*)U 4*D 5%&0%/2C $& e*25&C1e )8/#01 I*66 #&$
I&%UA +#67 (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 6� $1%2 E1#14*$C I*66 0*H1 2/#/0121#$ $81 H*C*&# $& 5%&51%67
/#' )&#C*C$1#$67 C1#' /#' /)$ &# $81 21CC/01 &4 I&%U56/)1 C/41$7A
G81 &6' 58*6&C&587 /))15$C /C 4/)$ $8/$ / )1%$/*# 61H16 &4 *#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CC I*66 %1C(6$ 4%&2 /
0*H1# 5%&)1CC@ /#' $8/$ $81 /CC&)*/$1' )&C$C C8&(6' %15%1C1#$  &4 2/#7 )&C$C &4 '&*#0E(C*#1CCA
G81 #1I C/41$7 58*6&C&587 C$%*H1C $&R
3%1H1#$ *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1C E7 )&#$*#(/667 /#/67N*#0 /#' *25%&H*#0 (5C$%1/2 4/)$&%C
C()8 /C I&%U 5%/)$*)1C@ 1M(*521#$ '1C*0#@ 2/$1%*/6C@ /#' $81 I&%U56/)1 587C*)/6 /#'
)(6$(%/6 1#H*%#$ $8%&(08 1'()/$*&#@ $%/*#*#0 /#' %1)&0#*$*&#A
"25%&H1 5%&'()$ C/41$7 4&% $81 E1#14*$ &4 $81 )(C$&21%A
1/)., H0 9$"+$ #$;$.#$.!$ /. %"++ ).+;$!,)/. ,/ "!=)$<$ I5"2),&B J2)%).",$ ,=$ .$$# G/*
).+;$!,)/. /. " %"++ @"+)+ @& @5)2#).E I5"2),& ).,/ ,=$ ;*/#5!, ). ,=$ G)*+, ;2"!$B
i12*#0 I/C %141%%*#0 $& $81 5%/)$*)1 &4 *#C51)$*#0 1H1%7 5*1)1 &4 5%&'()$ /$ $81 1#' &4 /#
/CC12E67 6*#1 $& C15/%/$1 &($ $81 '141)$CA "#C$1/'@ 81 1#)&(%/01' *25%&H*#0 $81 M(/6*$7 &4 $81
5%&)1CC $& '1)%1/C1 $81 '141)$C@ $8(C 16*2*#/$*#0 $81 #11' 4&% 2/CC *#C51)$*&#A P81# I1 /5567
$8*C $& C/41$7@ i12*#0 2*08$ )&#C*'1% %167*#0 &# $81 %1C(6$C f'141)$Cg /C 21/C(%*#0 &(% C())1CC
C&6167 E7 )&(#$*#0 $81 #(2E1% &4 /))*'1#$C f/6C& '141)$Cg $8/$ &))(%A B& )&#C*'1%/$*&# *C 0*H1#
$& 21/C(%*#0 1256&711 /#' 2/#/0121#$J61H16 C/41$7 /)$*H*$*1CA
"# C/41$7@ 1H/6(/$*#0 C %1C(6$C C$/$*C$*)C *C 6*U1 '%*H*#0 / )/% '&I# $81 %&/' /#' $%7*#0 $& C$/7
*# 7&(% 6/#1 E7 6&&U*#0 $8%&(08 / %1/%JH*1I 2*%%&%A F66 7&( )/# '& *C %1/)$@ /4$1% $81 4/)$A P81#
I1 C /#/67N1 /))*'1#$ %/$1C@ I1 )/# C %1/)$ $& $81 #(2E1%A F))*'1#$ %/$1C $166 (C #&$8*#0
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 83/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 H: &4 C:
/E&($ I87 $81 /))*'1#$C /%1 8/551#*#0A G81 &6' C/41$7 58*6&C&587 I1 '*C)(CC1' /E&H1
5%*2/%*67 21/C(%1C *#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CC %/$1C f'141)$Cg I8*)8 %15%1C1#$ $81 1#' %1C(6$C &4 $81
C/41$7 )&25#$ &4 $81 5%&)1CCA "#)*'1#$ %/$1C@ /))*'1#$ %/$1C@ .+i %/$1C@ 1$)A /66 21/C(%1 $81
1#' 5&*#$@ /#' C*#)1 $81C1 21/C(%1C /%1 *#81%1#$67 #&$ 5%1'*)$*H1@ $81C1 C$/$*C$*)C 5%&H*'1 6*$$61
(C14(6 *#4&%2/$*&# /E&($ $81 C(%4/)1 /#' %&&$ )/(C1C f(5C$%1/2g 4&% *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1CA
G81 #1I 58*6&C&587 1258/C*N1C 21/C(%121#$ /6� $81 1#$*%1 5%&'()$*&# 5%&)1CC@ 5%*2/%*67R
.1/C(%121#$ &4 2/#/0121#$hC(51%H*C&% C/41$7 /)$*H*$*1Cm
`256&711 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0m
"#'*H*'(/6 I&%U1% E18/H*&%Cm /#'
./$1%*/6C /#' 1M(*521#$ '1C*0# 5%*&% $& 5(%)8/C1A
1/)., K0 J.# ,=$ ;*"!,)!$ /G "?"*#).E @5+).$++ /. ,=$ @"+)+ /G ;*)!$ ,"EB L.+,$"#> %).)%)M$
,/,"2 !/+,B N/<$ ,/?"*# " +).E2$ +5;;2)$* G/* ".& /.$ ),$%> /. " 2/.E3,$*% *$2",)/.+=); /G
2/&"2,& ".# ,*5+,B
,/41 1M(*521#$@ 2/$1%*/6C@ /#' )812*)/6C 2/7 )&C$ / 6*$$61 2&%1 E($ I*66 C/H1 *# $81 6�J$1%2
$8%&(08 41I1% *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1CA ./#/0121#$ C8&(6' I%*$1 C/41$7 C51)*4*)/$*&#C $8/$ 211$
$81*% %1M(*%121#$C *#$& )&#$%/)$CA H1# $&'/7@ 2/#(4/)$(%1%C &4 1M(*521#$ /#' 2/)8*#1%7 C166
1M(*521#$ $8/$ '&1C #&$ 211$ B`9@ B"+,-@ FB,"@ &% &$81% C/41$7 C$/#'/%'C 4&% 5%&'()$ C/41$7A
`256&71%C 5(%)8/C*#0 C()8 1M(*521#$ %(# *#)%1/C1' %*CU &4 *#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CC $& $81*%
1256&71%CA
P*$8 %1C51)$ $& 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$ f33`g@ e)81/5e *C #&$ E1$$1%A `#C(%*#0
1256&711C 8/H1 8*08 M(/6*$7 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$ *C C2/%$ E(C*#1CC I81# I1 %1/6*N1
$8/$ *$\C / 5%&4*$J)1#$1% /)$*H*$7A -&I\C $8/$^ "4 7&( C51#' oT@<<< *# H/%*&(C $751C &4 33` *# /
0*H1# 71/% /#' /#7  5*1)1 5%1H1#$C / C1%*&(C *#Q(%7@ 7&(% )&25/#7 8/C Q(C$ 5/*' 4&% /66 $81
33` 4&% $8/$ 71/% /#' 5%&E/E67 4&% 2/#7 71/%C *#$& $81 4($(%1A G81 2 C51#$ &# 33` C8&(6'
E1 $8&(08$ &4 /C /# *#H1C$21#$ $8/$ 2/7 %1C(6$ *# C(EC$/#$*/6 %1$(%#C f%1'()1' '*%1)$ /#'
*#'*%1)$ /))*'1#$ )&C$Cg $& $81 )&25/#7A j#4&%$(#/$167@ 2/#7 )&#C*'1% C $81 *#*$*/6 )&C$ &4
33`A G817 '&#\$ C11 $81 E*0 5*)$(%1 E1#14*$CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 84/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 HE &4 C:
L167*#0 &# / C*#061 C(556*1% 4&% C/41$7 1M(*521#$@ C()8 /C 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$@ 2/7
8/H1 2/#7 E1#14*$CA ,(556*1% %15%1C1#$/$*H1C@ )/66*#0 &# /# 1256&71% &H1% / 51%*&' &4 71/%C@
I*66 E1)&21 4/2*6*/% I*$8 $81 5/%$*)(6/% C/41$7 1M(*521#$ #11'C &4 $81 1256&71%A G81 1256&71%
I8& 1C$/E6*C81C / 6�J$1%2 )6&C1 %16/$*&#C8*5 I*$8 $81 C(556*1% *C 2&%1 6*U167 $& %1)1*H1 $81
/$$1#$*&# /#' 8*081% M(/6*$7 1M(*521#$ I81# %1M(1C$1'A i1H16&5*#0 / )6&C1@ )&&51%/$*H1
5/%$#1%C8*5 E1$I11# $81 1256&71% /#' $81 C(556*1% &4 C/41$7 1M(*521#$ *C 1D$%12167
*25&%$/#$ 4&% $81 C())1CC &4 E&$8 5/%$*1C@ /#' *C 5&CC*E61 E7 /5567*#0 $81 C*#061 C(556*1%
5%*#)*561A
1/)., O0 L%;*/<$ !/.+,".,2& ".# G/*$<$* ,=$ +&+,$% /G ;*/#5!,)/. ".# +$*<)!$> ,/ )%;*/<$
I5"2),& ".# ;*/#5!,)<),&> ".# ,=5+ !/.+,".,2& #$!*$"+$ !/+,+B
F C7C$12 %141%C $& / #(2E1% &4 5%&)1CC1C &% 5%&)1'(%1C $8/$ 8/H1 E11# C$/#'/%'*N1'A `H1%7'&1C C&21$8*#0 $81 C/21 I/7A "$\C *25&%$/#$ $& 8/H1 /# 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8
2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A P8/$ C/41$7 5%&)1CC &% 5%&)1'(%1 2*08$ E1 C$/#'/%'*N1' $& *25%&H1 7&(%
)&25/#7\C C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12^
^'11('& G.),-$$%C G7LC ),.,')4
?K(.0-,-%/.$$&C ).1',& 1+/3,-%/) 8.=' 2''/ +/0'( ,8' 0-('3,-%/ %1 ,8' 8+"./ (')%+(3'
0'#.(,"'/,C 98-38 #$.3') ).1',& ./0 8'.$,8 ., %00) 9-,8 ,8' %(<./-A.,-%/J) #(-".(& <%.$)4 ,%
#(%0+3' ./0 )'$$ <%%0)_)'(=-3'): K%% %1,'/C "./.<'() -/ %,8'( 0'#.(,"'/,) 1''$ ,8' ).1',&"./.<'( O.$%/'Q )8%+$0 3%/,.-/ 3%),)C )%$=' ).1',& #(%2$'") =-. ,(.-/-/< %( 3%""-,,'')C ./0
('0+3' -/B+(& 3%),): M',C -/ "%), 3.)')C ,8' ).1',& "./.<'( "+), .33%"#$-)8 )+38 ,.)D) 98-$'
%,8'( "./.<'() -/3('.)' #(%0+3,-%/ <%.$):?
^'11('& !: G.),-$$%C G7LC H[HKC ?7.1',& F./.<'"'/,4 K8' @-/0) %1 G8./<':? L(%1'))-%/.$ 7.1',&C
E'2 `W:
./#/0121#$ 2(C$ *#$10%/$1 C/41$7 /C /# 16121#$ &4 M(/6*$7 *#$& &51%/$*&#C C& )&2561$167 $8/$
*$ '*C/551/%C /C / C15/%/$1 4(#)$*&#A "$ 2(C$ E1 H*1I1' E7 1/)8 1256&711@ C(51%H*C&% /#'
2/#/01% /C 8*C &% 81% 51%C&#/6 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7m  $8/$ *C *25&%$/#$ *# #&$ C *25%&H*#0 $81
5%&'()$*&# 5%&)1CC@ E($ *# C/H*#0 6*H1CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 85/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 HF &4 C:
1/)., P0 L.+,),5,$ ,*").).E /. ,=$ A/@B
,&21 )&25/#*1C $&'/7 )&#C*'1% $%/*#*#0 / )&C$@ #&$ / E1#14*$A -&I 2/#7 I&%U1%C /%1 5%&51%67
1'()/$1' /#' $%/*#1' *# C(51%H*C&%7@ 2/#/0121#$@ /#' 61/'1%C8*5 5%*#)*561C /C $817 2&H1 (5
$81 )&%5&%/$1 6/''1%^ -/H1 7&( 1H1% E11# *# / C*$(/$*&# I81%1 $81 I&%U1% I8& e2/U1C $812&C$ I*'01$Ce 01$C 5%&2&$1'^ i&1C 2/#/0121#$ /CC(21 #1I C(51%H*C&%C /#' 2/#/01%C U#&I
I8/$ $817\%1 '&*#0^
9(%%1#$67 2/#7 )&25/#*1C %167 &# $81 C/41$7 '*%1)$&% &% $81 8(2/# %1C&(%)1C '15/%$21#$ $&
$%/*# C/41$7A G81 #1I 1256&711 %1)1*H1C / C/41$7 &H1%H*1I I81# 8*%1'@ /#' / C/41$7 e1D51%$@e
)&#'()$C 2&%1 C51)*4*) $%/*#*#0 %16/$1' $& $81 1256&711\C Q&E 1D1%)*C1A G81 C(51%H*C&%@ *# 2/#7
*#C$/#)1C@ '&1C #&$ $8*#U 81 &% C81 *C 01$$*#0 5/*' $& $%/*# C/41$7A W($@ I8& *C E1$$1% C(*$1' $& '&
$81 $%/*#*#0 $8/# $81 51%C&# %1C5&#C*E61 4&% $81 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 &4 8*C &% 81% 1256&711C^ "4
$81 C(51%H*C&% )/##&$ $%/*# C/41$7@ 8&I )/# 81 &% C81 8/H1 $81 U#&I61'01 $& 1441)$*H167 &H1%C11
C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C^ -&I )/# $81 C(51%H*C&% 5%&H*'1 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 411'E/)U^ -&I )/# $81
C(51%H*C&%@ I81# #11'1'@ 5%&51%67 1#4&%)1 C/41$7 %(61C^
G81 C(51%H*C&% )/##&$ 51%4&%2 /#7 &4 $81C1 %1C5&#C*E*6*$*1C (#61CC 81 &% C81 $8&%&(0867
(#'1%C$/#'C C/41$7 )&#)15$C /#' 5%*#)*561C@ $81 8/N/%'C *# $81 I&%U56/)1@ /#' *C )&251$1#$ $&
$%/*# $8&C1 C(EQ1)$C C51)*4*)/667 %16/$1' $& $81 I&%UC5/)1 81 &% C81 )&#$%&6CA G81 8(2/#
%1C&(%)1C '15/%$21#$ &% $81 C/41$7 '*%1)$&% )/#\$ 5%&H*'1 $8/$ M(/6*$7 &4 $%/*#*#0 4&% / )&(561 &4
%1/C&#CR G817 '&#\$ I&%U *# $81 /%1/@ /#' $817\%1 e#&$ $81 E&CCAe
1/)., Q0 6#/;, ".# ).+,),5,$ 2$"#$*+=);B R=$ ")% /G +5;$*<)+)/. +=/52# @$ ,/ =$2; ;$/;2$ ".#
%"!=).$+ #/ " @$,,$* A/@B -5;$*<)+)/. /G %"."E$%$., )+ ). .$$# /G /<$*="52> "+ ?$22 "+
+5;$*<)+)/. /G ;*/#5!,)/. ?/*F$*+B
G81 U17 $& /'&5$*#0 /#' *#C$*$($*#0 61/'1%C8*5@ &4 )&(%C1@ 6*1C /$ $81 $&5A ./#/0121#$ #11'C $&
61/' E7 1D/2561@ /)$*&#@ /#' I&%'A G81 61/'1% e)/%1Ce /E&($ $8&C1 81 &% C81 61/'CA F4$1% /66@ $81
61/'1%\C C())1CC *C $*1' $& $81 C())1CC &4 8*C &% 81% I&%U1%CA G81 eC1%H/#$ 61/'1%C8*5e 2&'16 4*$C
I166 *#$& $81 *'1/C 1D5%1CC1' E7 i12*#0 /#' &$81%CA
G81%1 *C #& E1$$1% I/7 $& '12&#C$%/$1 $81C1 5%*#)*561C &4 61/'1%C8*5 $8/# *# 2/U*#0 C(%1
1256&711C (C1 C/41 I&%U 5%&)1'(%1C *# / I&%U56/)1 $8/$ *C@ *$C164@ C/41 4%&2 8/N/%'CA `#C(%*#0
C/41$7 *C  &4 $81 2&C$ H*C*E61 (#'1%$/U*#0C $8/$ 2/#/0121#$ )/# $/U1 $& C8&I 1256&711C
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 86/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 HG &4 C:
$8/$ $817 /%1 #&$ 21%167 8*%1' 8/#'C I8& )/# E1 %156/)1'@ E($ /%1 H/6(1' 8(2/#
%1C&(%)1CAAA5/%$ &4 $81 4/2*67A
1/)., S0 4*)<$ /5, G$"*> +/ ,=", $<$*&/.$ %"& ?/*F $GG$!,)<$2& G/* ,=$ !/%;".&B
i%*H*#0 &($ 41/% *C $81 2&C$ *25&%$/#$ %1M(*%121#$ I81# *256121#$*#0 / G&$/6 a(/6*$7 ,/41$7
./#/0121#$ 5%&)1CCA O&( 2(C$ E10*# 81%1A ./#/0121#$ )&#$%&6C $81 I&%U56/)1A "$ *#46(1#)1C
$81 C$/#'/%'C &4 E18/H*&% /#' 51%4&%2/#)1 &4 *$C 1256&711C E7 )%1/$*#0 )(6$(%/6 #&%2C *# $81
I&%U56/)1 $8/$ '*)$/$1 I8/$ /%1@ /#' /%1 #&$ /))15$/E61 E18/H*&%CA ./#/0121#$ 2/7 %167
C&6167 &# C/41$7 %(61C /#' 5%&0%1CC*H1 '*C)*56*#1 f#10/$*H1 %1*#4&%)121#$g *# $81*% /$$125$ $&
)&#$%&6 $81 C/41$7 E18/H*&% /#' 51%4&%2/#)1 &4 *$C 1256&711CA -&I1H1%@ / C$%/$107 C()8 /C $8*C@
$8/$ 2/7 E1 C())1CC4(6 *# 4&%)*#0 )&256*/#)1@ *C #1H1% C())1CC4(6 *# 5%&'()*#0 1D)1661#)1 *#
5%&'()$ &% 5%&)1CCA ,$%/$10*1C (C*#0 41/% /#' )&#$%&6 /%1 %/%167@ *4 1H1% C())1CC4(6A P8/$
'1H16&5C 4%&2 C()8 / C$%/$107 *C / )&#$%&66*#0@ )&256*/#)1 '%*H1# )6*2/$1 &4 2*C$%(C$ /#'
'*C0(C$m C / C8166 &4 /# 1441)$*H1 C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8 2/#/0121#$ C7C$12A
"# $81 Ga. C7C$12@ 2/#/01%C /#' C(51%H*C&%C '%*H1 &($ 41/% $8%&(08 / %1/6 )&22*$21#$ $&
4/)$J4*#'*#0 $& *25%&H1 $81 C7C$12@ #&$ 4/(6$J4*#'*#0 $& 5(#*C8 C&21A G817 1258/C*N1
(#)&H1%*#0 $81 I1/U#1CC1C *# $81 C7C$12 $8/$ 8/H1 /66&I1' (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C /#'
8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C $& 1D*C$A G817 1'()/$1 /#' $%/*# 1H1%7 C& $8/$ $8&C1 I1/U#1CC1C /%1
C$%1#0$81#1'@ $8(C 8165*#0 $& )&#$*#(/667 *25%&H1 $81 5%&'()$*&# 5%&)1CCA G817 %1)&0#*N1
1256&711C 4&% /55%&5%*/$1 C/41$7 E18/H*&%Cm )&256*/#)1 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C@ %15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C
*221'*/$167@ /#' %15&%$*#0 8/N/%'C *# $81 I&%U56/)1A G%(C$ *#)%1/C1CA .&%/61 /#' 2&$*H/$*&#
*25%&H1 E1)/(C1 1256&711C /%1 #&$ /4%/*' $& %15&%$ C/41$7 )&#)1%#C $& 2/#/0121#$A ,/41$7 *C
#1H1% / )&256/*#$ *# / Ga. &%0/#*N/$*&#A
1/)., T0 U*$"F #/?. @"**)$*+ @$,?$$. #$;"*,%$.,+B 1$/;2$ ). *$+$"*!=> #$+)E.> +"2$+> ".#
;*/#5!,)/. %5+, ?/*F "+ " ,$"%> ,/ G/*$+$$ ;*/@2$%+ /G ;*/#5!,)/. ".# ). 5+$ ,=", %"& @$
$.!/5.,$*$# ?),= ,=$ ;*/#5!, /* +$*<)!$B
P1 C8&(6' C )&251$1 I*$8 &(% )&251$*$&%C@ #&$ &(%C16H1CA "#$1%#/6 )&&51%/$*&# /#'
1D$1%#/6 )&251$*$*&# /556*1C $& C/41$7 /C I166A 9&&51%/$*&# /2� /66 *#$1%#/6 4(#)$*&#C *C
/#&$81% U17 $& 1441)$*H1 C/41$7A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 87/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 H, &4 C:
!"14&*-*-I& %/9&*7 -),&)*-I& 4$"0$/1%
L1/)$*H1 C/41$7 *#)1#$*H1 5%&0%/2C $8/$ )8/661#01 '15/%$21#$C $& )&251$1 /0/*#C$ 1/)8 &$81%
4&% %1I/%'C C1$ (5 / C7C$12 $8/$ 2/7 5%&2&$1 *6610/6 E18/H*&%C E7 )%1/$*#0 C*$(/$*&#C I81%1
511% 5%1CC(%1 )/(C1C $81 I*$88&6'*#0 &4 *#Q(%7 %15&%$CA 9&#C1M(1#$67@ $81 eI/6U*#0 I&(#'1'
C7#'%&21e '1H16&5C $8/$ 1H1#$(/667 %1C(6$C *# *#)%1/C1' *#Q(%7 )&C$C /#' I&%U1%C )&251#C/$*&#
5%12*(2CA G81 51%4&%2/#)1 &4  1256&711 *25/)$C $81 C())1CC &4 &$81%C *# $81 '15/%$21#$A
`256&711C I*66 '& H*%$(/667 /#7$8*#0@ *# C&21 )/C1C@ $& 1#C(%1 $81 '15/%$21#$ 01$C $81*% 5*NN/
5/%$*1C@ C/H*#0 E&#'C@ &% C/41$7 2(0CA G81 4*DR L1I/%'h%1)&0#*N1 1256&711C *#'*H*'(/667 4&%
/55%&5%*/$1 E18/H*&%CR )&2567*#0 I*$8 C/41$7 %(61C@ %15&%$*#0 *#Q(%*1C /#' %15&%$*#0 I&%U56/)1
8/N/%'CA L1I/%' /)$*H*$*1C $8/$ 1#8/#)1 )&&51%/$*&#A
J.<#E<#E */#/E%*%#$ /#1 )/C". $"E%$;%.
9&&51%/$*&# /$ /66 61H16C &4 $81 )&25/#7 $& *'1#$*47 /#' )&%%1)$ 8/N/%'C *C H1%7 *25&%$/#$A +4
)&(%C1@ $81 5%&)1CC '1C*0#1' $& 5%&2&$1 $8*C U*#' &4 )&&51%/$*&# *C )/661' $81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11
f&% C/41$7 *25%&H121#$ $1/2gA F I&%6'J)6/CC C/41$7 C7C$12 I*66 $/U1 /'H/#$/01 &4 $81 )%&CCJ
4(#)$*&#/6 2/U1(5 &4 C/41$7 )&22*$$11C $& E%*#0 2/#/0121#$ /#' 1256&711C $&01$81% *# /
#&#J/'H1%C/%*/6 4&%(2 $& 1H/6(/$1 5%&0%/2C /#' 2/U1 %1)&221#'/$*&#C 4&% *25%&H121#$ *#
I&%U56/)1 C/41$7A
1/)., :V0 J2)%).",$ +2/E".+> $W=/*,",)/.+> ".# ,"*E$,+ G/* ,=$ ?/*F G/*!$ "+F).E G/* M$*/
#$G$!,+ ".# .$? 2$<$2+ /G ;*/#5!,)<),&B -5!= $W=/*,",)/.+ /.2& !*$",$ "#<$*+"*)"2
*$2",)/.+=);+> "+ ,=$ @52F /G ,=$ !"5+$+ /G 2/? I5"2),& ".# 2/? ;*/#5!,)<),& @$2/.E ,/ ,=$
+&+,$% ".# ,=5+ 2)$ @$&/.# ,=$ ;/?$* /G ,=$ ?/*F G/*!$B
P8/$] l1%& '141)$C *C #&$ /# /55%&5%*/$1 0&/6^ i&1C $8/$ /5567 $& C/41$7 $&&^ L1212E1%@
i12*#0 *C $/6U*#0 /E&($ 5%&'()$ '141)$C 81%1A G81 %16/$1' C/41$7 0&/6 2*08$ E1 eN1%& /))*'1#$CAe
F6$8&(08 $8*C 0&/6 2/7 E1 (#/)8*1H/E61@ *$\C $81 C 2&%/667 /55%&5%*/$1 0&/6 $& 8/H1 E1)/(C1
I1 /%1 '1/6*#0 I*$8 *#Q(%*1C /#' 4/$/6*$*1CA "4 I1 C1$ / 0&/6 &4 /#7$8*#0 61CC $8/# N1%& /))*'1#$C@
I8/$\C 0&*#0 $& 8/551#^ "4 I1 %1/)8 $81 0&/6@ I1 5/$ &(%C16H1C &# &(% )&661)$*H1 E/)U@ C*$ E/)U
I*$8 &(% 411$ (5 &# $81 '1CU@ /#' E16*1H1 I1 e8/H1 /%%*H1'Ae P81# $8*C &))(%C@ 7&( )/# E1$
7&(% /))*'1#$ %/$1 I*66 C$/%$ %*C*#0 &#)1 /0/*#A 9&#$1#$21#$ *C / '/#01%&(C )&#'*$*&# *# C/41$7A "4
I1 C1$ N1%& /))*'1#$C /C &(% 0&/6@ I1 2/7 #1H1% %1/)8 *$@ E($ $8/$\C 4*#1A P1 C8&(6' #1H1% E1
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 88/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 HH &4 C:
)&#$1#$ /#7I/7A P1 C8&(6' /6I/7C E1 4%(C$%/$1'AAA#1H1% C/$*C4*1' $& 2/U1 C(%1 I1 )&#$*#(/667
*25%&H1 $81 C7C$12A
"4 I1 C1$ / 0&/6 $& %1'()1 /))*'1#$C E7 T<n@ I1 I*66 '1C*0# / 61CC 1441)$*H1 C7C$12 $& 01$ (C $&
$81 0&/6@ E($ #& 4/%$81%A "4 I1 C1$ / N1%&J/))*'1#$ 0&/6@ I1 I*66 '1C*0# $81 2&%1 1441)$*H1 C7C$12$& %1/)8 $8/$ 0&/6A
+# /#&$81% 6*#1 &4 $8&(08$R "# C/41$7@ $81 e8/557 5&C$1% C7#'%&21e *C / )&22&# &))(%%1#)1A
./#/01%C $8*#U $8/$ E7 56/)*#0 / C/41$7 5&C$1% 1H1%7 $8*%$7 411$ &# / I/66@ $817 8/H1 / C())1CC4(6
C/41$7 /I/%1#1CC 5%&0%/2A `256&711C@ 4&% $81 2&C$ 5/%$@ *0#&%1 $81 5&C$1%C@ /#' 2/7 #&$
E16*1H1 $81 21CC/01 $8/$ 2/#/0121#$ *C $%7*#0 $& )&#H17A G81 _*DR ?1$ %*' &4 $81 5&C$1%C /#'
21/#*#061CC C6&0/#CA L156/)1 $812 I*$8 /)$*&#@ 1D/2561@ /#' I&%'A `/)8 C(51%H*C&% /#'
2/#/01% E1)&21C / I/6U*#0 C/41$7 C6&0/#A
1/)., ::0 J2)%).",$ .5%$*)!"2 I5/,"+ G/* ,=$ ?/*FG/*!$> ".# $2)%).",$ %"."E$%$., @&
/@A$!,)<$+B J2)%).",$ .5%$*)!"2 E/"2+ G/* ;$/;2$ ). %"."E$%$.,B -5@+,),5,$ 2$"#$*+=);B
F))&%'*#0 $& c%/(C1@ *# $81 C/41$7 4*16'@ 2/#7 %1I/%' C7C$12C /#' 51%4&%2/#)1 /55%/*C/6C /%1
E/C1' &# #(21%*)/6 0&/6C /#' 21/C(%1C@ C()8 /C *#)*'1#$ %/$1C@ $8/$ /%1 (#$1C$1' 4&% %/#'&2
H/%*/E*6*$7AAAA$8*C )&(6' 21/# %1)1*H*#0 /# (#'1C1%H1' E/' 51%4&%2/#)1 %/$*#0AAA+# $81 &$81%
8/#'@ *0#&%/#)1 &4 $81 )&#)15$ &4 %/#'&2 H/%*/E*6*$7 /6C& 21/#C $8/$ I&%U 0%&(5C &4$1# 01$
0&&' C/41$7 %/$*#0C I81# $817 '& #&$ '1C1%H1 $812A
G81 5%&E612 I*$8 21/C(%*#0 $81 C())1CC &4 / )&25/#7\C C/41$7 144&%$ (C*#0 *#)*'1#$ %/$1C *C
$8/$ &#)1 $81 %/$1 8/C E11# %1'()1' $& I8/$ 2/#/0121#$ 4116C *C /# /))15$/E61 61H16@
)&256/)1#)7 C1$C *#@ $81 144&%$ $& %1'()1 *#)*'1#$ %/$1C %16/D1C@ /#' *#)*'1#$ %/$1C E10*# $81
*#1H*$/E61 %*C1 $& 5%1H*&(C (#/))15$/E61 61H16CA ./#/0121#$ %1/)$C $& $81 *#)%1/C1 *# *#)*'1#$
%/$1 I*$8 / %1#1I1' C/41$7 1258/C*CA G8*C %1/)$*H1 2/#/0121#$ /55%&/)8 $& 6&CC )&#$%&6@
E/C1' &# 1#' %1C(6$C f'141)$Cg@ )%1/$1C /# 1#'61CC )7)61 &4 %*C*#0 /#' 4/66*#0 *#)*'1#$ %/$1CA
i12*#0 I&(6' 6&&U (5&# C()8 / C*$(/$*&# I*$8 '*CC/$*C4/)$*&# f/#' I&#'1%gA -1 I&(6' 5%&E/E67
1#)&(%/01 2/#/0121#$ $& '& /I/7 I*$8 /#7 #(21%*)/6 M(&$/C &% 0&/6C E/C1' C&6167 &#
(#5%1'*)$/E61 21/C(%1C C()8 /C *#)*'1#$ 4%1M(1#)7 %/$1CA -1 I&(6' C$%1CC $81 #11' $& 21/C(%1
(5C$%1/2 /)$*H*$*1C C()8 /C $81 '10%11 &4 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0@ #(2E1% &4 C/41$7
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 89/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 HC &4 C:
211$*#0C@ *#'*H*'(/6 C/41 I&%U E18/H*&%C@ /#' $81 C/41$7 &4 2/$1%*/6C@ )812*)/6C@ /#'
1M(*521#$ 5(%)8/C1' E7 $81 )&25/#7A
"# 1258/C*N*#0 Ga. 5%*#)*561C@ $81 )&25/#7 2/7 #1H1% %1/6*N1 C(C$/*#1' N1%& /))*'1#$ %/$1C@
E($ $81 )%*$*)/667 *25&%$/#$ *#0%1'*1#$ *# / C())1CC4(6 5%&)1CC@ $8/$ &4 )&#$*#(/667 Q&(%#17*#0
)6&C1% $& $8/$ 1#' C$/$1 I&(6' E1 %1/6*N1'A _&)(C &# $81 Q&(%#17@ #&$ $81 %1C(6$A
L167*#0 C&6167 &# M(&$/C *# $81 e5%&'()$*&#e C7C$12 %1C(6$C *# 2/#/0121#$ 6&&U*#0 $81 &$81%
I/7@ I81# (#C/41 I&%U 5%/)$*)1C@ /#' 8/N/%'&(C )&#'*$*&#C 1D*C$A F 2/)8& f*$ *C 5/%$ &4 $81 Q&Eg
/$$*$('1 E7 2/#/0121#$@ (#'1% 5%1CC(%1 $& 5%&'()1 $81 #(2E1%C@ %1C(6$C *# 8*081% %/$1C &4
*#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CCA r1%7 6*$$61 $8&(08$ *C 0*H1# $& $81 8(2/# $%/01'7 *#H&6H1' I*$8 C1%*&(C
*#Q(%*1C &% 4/$/6*$*1CA `H1# 61CC $8&(08$ $& $81 *#'*%1)$ /#' \(#U#&I# /#' (#U#&I/E61\ 6&CC1C $&
$81 )&25/#7A ./#/0121#$ 2(C$ (#'1%C$/#' $81 '/#01% &4 $81 5%1CC(%1 1H1%J*#)%1/C*#0 M(&$/C
56/)1 &# C(51%H*C&%C /#' 1256&711CA ,8&%$ )($C *# I&%U 5%/)$*)1C /%1 *#1H*$/E61@ /#' /6� I*$8
$812@ *#Q(%*1C /#' *66#1CC1CA
L1212E1%@ 2/#/01%C /#' 1256&711C C8&(6' E1 816' /))&(#$/E61 C 4&% I8/$ $817 )/#
)&#$%&6A "$\C '*44*)(6$ $& )&#$%&6 C$/$*C$*)/6 %1C(6$CA -&I1H1%@ /C I1 61/%#1' 1/%6*1%@ $817 )/#
)&#$%&6 /)$*H*$*1CA
1/)., :C0 X$%/<$ @"**)$*+ ,=", */@ ;$/;2$ /G ;*)#$ /G ?/*F%".+=);B
F))&%'*#0 $& i12*#0@ $81 %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 &4 C(51%H*C&%C 2(C$ E1 )8/#01' 4%&2 C811% #(2E1%C $&
M(/6*$7A L12&H1 E/%%*1%C $8/$ %&E 51&561 *# 2/#/0121#$ /#' *# 1#0*#11%*#0 &4 $81*% %*08$ $&
5%*'1 &4 I&%U2/#C8*5A FE&6*C8 $81 /##(/6 21%*$ %/$*#0 /#' /'&5$ )&#$*#(/6 411'E/)U 5%&)1CC1CA
i12*#0 &441%C C&21 *#$1%1C$*#0 *'1/C 81%1@ E($ $817 /%1 )%()*/6 $& C())1CC *# C/41$7 /C I166 /C
5%&'()$*&#A
,(51%H*C&%C 2(C$ 1#C(%1 $81*% I&%U1%C %1)1*H1 1M(*521#$ /#' 2/$1%*/6C $8/$ /%1 /C C/41 /C
5&CC*E61A `256&711C C8&(6' I&%U /$ C$/$*&#C $8/$ 8/H1 E11# 1%0&#&2*)/667 '1C*0#1' 4&% $812 $&
'1)%1/C1 $81 5&CC*E*6*$7 &4 C$%/*#C /#' C5%/*#C@ /#' %151$*$*H1 2&$*&#C '*C1/C1 I8*)8 %15%1C1#$
$81 0%1/$1C$ )/$10&%7 &4 I&%U56/)1 *#Q(%7 /#' *66#1CC *# $81 I&%U4&%)1 $&'/7A P&%U1%C %1M(*%1
/#' '1C1%H1 $81 8*081C$ M(/6*$7 51%C&#/6 5%&$1)$*H1 1M(*521#$ $& 5%&$1)$ $812 4%&2 I&%U56/)1
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 90/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 C- &4 C:
8/N/%'CA G81 8*081C$ M(/6*$7 C/41$7 1M(*521#$@ 2/$1%*/6C /#' 1#H*%#$ /66 )&#$%*E($1 $&
5%*'1 &4 I&%U2/#C8*5A
1/)., :H0 L.+,),5,$ " <)E/*/5+ ;*/E*"% /G $#5!",)/. ".# +$2G3)%;*/<$%$., G/* $<$*&/.$B
9&#$*#(/6 61/%#*#0 *C /# *25&%$/#$ )&#)15$A "$\C *25&%$/#$ $8/$ 1256&711C E1 1'()/$1' *#
51%C&#/6 /#' 5%&41CC*&#/6 CU*66CA ,/41$7 )1%$/*#67 /556*1C 81%1 /C I166A L1$(%# &# $81 *#H1C$21#$
2/'1 *# 1'()/$*&# *C I166 I&%$8 $81 2A
P11U67 &% 2&#$867 C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0 C1CC*&#C@ I81# )&#'()$1' 5%&51%67 E7
C(51%H*C&%C@ )/# 0& 4/% *# *25%&H*#0 $81 51%4&%2/#)1 &4 1256&711C@ /#' I&(6' C1#' / C$%�
21CC/01 $& /66 $8/$ C/41$7 *C / )&%1 H/6(1 *# $81 )&25/#7A j#4&%$(#/$167@ 2&C$ )&25/#*1C '&
#&$ C11 $81 I*C'&2 *# /'&5$*#0 $81 5%*#)*561 $8/$ $& E1 C())1CC4(6 $&'/7@ 1/)8 2/#/01% /#'
1256&711 *# $81 )&25/#7 2(C$ E1 )&#$*#(/667 61/%#*#0A 9(%%1#$67@ 2&C$ 1256&711C %1)1*H1 H1%7
6*$$61 C/41$7 $%/*#*#0@ *#$1%#/6 &% 1D$1%#/6@ &# C/41$7 %16/$1' $&5*)CA
1/)., :K0 R"F$ "!,)/. ,/ "!!/%;2)+= ,=$ ,*".+G/*%",)/.B
3($ 1H1%7E&'7 *# $81 )&25/#7 $& I&%U $& /))&256*C8 $81 $%/#C4&%2/$*&#A G81 $%/#C4&%2/$*&# *C
1H1%7E&'7\C Q&EA P8/$ / )&#)15$] 3($ 1H1%7E&'7 $& I&%U $& /))&256*C8 $81 $%/#C4&%2/$*&#A
-&I )/# I1 '& $8*C I81# *$ )&21C $& C/41$7 /#' 81/6$8^
-1%1\C $81 8/%' 5/%$A ,&21 2(C$ 8/H1 $81 H*C*&#R "4 #&$ $&5 2/#/0121#$@ I8&^ -&I '& 7&(
C8*4$ %1C5&#C*E*6*$7 4&% C/41$7 4%&2 $81 C/41$7 '*%1)$&% /#'h&% C/41$7 )&22*$$11 $& 6*#1
2/#/0121#$^ "4 $81 144&%$ '&1C #&$ 8/H1 $81 E61CC*#0 &4 $81 9`+ fI*$8 /)$*&#g@ $81
$%/#C4&%2/$*&# 2/7 #1H1% E1 C())1CC4(6A G81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11 2/7 C1%H1 /C $81 )/$/67C$ $&
*#*$*/667 E10*# $81 56/##*#0 4&% $81 $%/#C4&%2/$*&#A `D5/#'*#0 $81 C*N1 &4 $81 )&22*$$11@ $81#
E%1/U*#0 *$ *#$& eC/41$7 $1/2Ce C51)*/6*N*#0 *# H/%*&(C 5%&)1CC 4(#)$*&#C *# $81 )&25/#7 2*08$
E1 / I/7 $& 0&A -&I1H1%@ 1'()/$*#0 (5 *C )%()*/6 *4 $&5 2/#/0121#$ E/6UC /$ $81 #11' 4&% $81
$%/#C4&%2/$*&#A G81 C/41$7 )&22*$$11 2(C$ 5%&H*'1 $81 1'()/$*&# f(C(/6 '/$/AAA C&%$1'AAA
&EQ1)$*H1AAA E&$$&2 6*#1g $& *#46(1#)1 $81 51%)15$*&#C $8/$ (6$*2/$167 C8/51 $81 $%/#C4&%2/$*&#A
j58*66 /66 $81 I/7A
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 91/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 C9 &4 C:
R/%* ="$+%
G/U*#0 &# $81 0&/6C &4 Ga,. *C #&$ /# 1/C7 $/CUA "4 7&( '1)*'1 $& E10*# $81 Ga,. Q&(%#17@ E1
C(%1 $& )&#$*#(1 7&(% C$('7 &4 $81 )&#)15$CA ?& C6&I67 /#' '&#\$ 1D51)$ E*0 )8/#01C &H1%#*08$A
j6$*2/$167@ 7&( /%1 /$$125$*#0 $& )8/#01 )(6$(%1 /#' $8/$ 5%&)1CC )/#@ /#' 5%&E/E67 I*66@ $/U1
71/%CA
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 92/93
!"#$!"#$%&
&'()*+ ,-- ".(/0 1(2/+
&'30)245. 6 7---87-9: 1+24;+ "<=+.0 1)'(3> ?@AB 3/01 C7 &4 C:
."+#6& ` P#->
jC1 $8*C M(*N $& C164J)81)U 7&(% (#'1%C$/#'*#0 &4 $81 2&'(61 )&#$1#$A O&( )/# /6C& 0& *#1
/#' $/U1 $8*C M(*N I*$8*# $81 2&'(61A G81 *#1 M(*N 5%&H*'1C $81 )&%%1)$ /#CI1% &#)1
C(E2*$$1'A
:GB e(<;2.0 *<=+.0 2@ .5+ M')N3;<A+ D<0 L+ .5'(45. '= <* '@+ <*3+A. '= aaaaaaaa 8 =)++
3+)=')D<@A+T
/A M(/6*$7
EA 12&$*&#
)A 1%%&%
'A C$%1CC
:,B ^52* 3+)*'@ 2* A'@*2/+)+/ L0 D'*. .' L+ .5+ =<.5+) '= ^'.<; e(<;2.0 "<=+.0 S<@<[email protected]
/A 31$1% i%()U1%
EA -&I/%' G%(25
)A PA `'I/%'C i12*#0
'A W*66 ?/$1C
:HB $AA')/2@4 .' .5+ .+].> *<=+.0 A<@ @+J+) L+ (@/+)*.''/ ') 3)'3+);0 <33)+A2<.+/ 2= .5+
aaaaaa J2+M 2* .<N+@ L0 D<@<[email protected]
/A #/$*&#/6
EA 06&E/6
)A 6�J$1%2
'A C8&%$J$1%2
:CB $AA')/2@4 .' d+D2@4> .52* 2* .5+ D'*. 2D3').<@. )+O(2)+D+@. M5+@ 2D3;[email protected]@4 < ^'.<;
e(<;2.0 "<=+.0 S<@<4+D+@. 3)'A+**T
/A *#C$*$($*#0 )&#$*#(&(C C/41$7 1'()/$*&# /#' $%/*#*#0
EA 1D5%1CC*#0 )&#C$/#)7 &4 5(%5&C1
)A '%*H*#0 &($ 41/% *# $81 I&%U56/)1
'A 5(%)8/C*#0 C/41 2/$1%*/6C /#' 1M(*521#$
8/12/2019 Introduction to OSH Management
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/introduction-to-osh-management 93/93