introduction to global studies - matthieu crozet · 1. introduction: a changing world - week 1 2....
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GLSD1001B
Chinese University of Hong Kong Matthieu Crozet
Introduction to Global Studies
Who? Matthieu Crozet
French and Economist
PhD University Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne
Former professor of in Paris 1 & Paris School of economics, Paris-Saclay Adjunct professor at University of Lausanne
What?
Global Studies aim at presenting the main challenges facing the countries, cultures and economies around the world
Multidisciplinary approach: International politics, Sociology, Economics…
How? Class schedule
Monday 2:30PM-05:15PM - LT2 Sino Building
Office hours Tuesday Morning
Website http://matthieucrozet.weebly.com - Password = kerguelen
What about you?
What do I expect from you?
The class will be profitable for all of us if… all of us are involved
= Talk / Ask questions / Discuss / Argue / Criticize
Course content
Introduction to Global Studies
Course content
1 2
3
Lectures Readings
Homeworks
Course content
1
Lectures
Main textbooks
An introduction to Global Studies
Campbell, MacKinnon, Stevens
Main textbooks
Global Issues, 5th ed. politics, economics and culture
Richard J. Payne, Pearson
Table of contents
1. Introduction: A changing world - Week 1 2. Globalization, Nation-state system and democracy - Week 2 3. Global trade - Week 3 4. Multinational firms - Week 4 5. Global finance - Week 5
6. Population - Week 6 7. Migration - Week 7 8. Poverty and inequality between nations - Week 8 9. Poverty and inequality within nations - Week 9 10.Global environmental issues - 10 11.International Organizations - 11 12.War and peace - Week 12 13.Discussion on readings - Week 13
Course content
2
Readings
Required readings - One among the following books
DANI RODRIK The globalization paradox
JARED DIAMOND Collapse
THOMAS PIKETTY Capital in the XXI century
Course content
3
Homeworks
Homeworks
From time to time, I will ask you to prepare some material for the class
Debates
Imposed topic
By groups of 2 to 4:
Present pros and cons arguments
The class discuss, ask questions… and vote
Debates
1. End of history or endless clash of civilizations? 2. Trump's trade policies: Are they possible? Are they desirable? 3. The European commission ordered Ireland to collect $14.5 billion in unpaid
taxes from Apple. Irish government decided to fight this decision. Should Ireland pay?
4. Should we impose a global "Tobin tax"? 5. Is the end of Chinese one-child policy a good decision? 6. Was Merkel's policy towards Syrian refugees judicious? 7. Should developed nations reinforce foreign aid to developing countries? 8. Should we implement policies to reduce inequalities within nations? 9. Should China be more active on fight against climate change? 10. Is Putin a danger for world peace and democracy? 11. Should the U.S. renegotiate the Iranian nuclear treaty?
Grading Quizz (2 / random dates) 20 %
Quizz on reading 20 %
Debates 20 %
Final exam 40 %
Introduction to Global Studies Chinese University of Hong Kong
Chapter 1
My world versus Your world
I'm 43
My world versus Your world
I'm 43
Which means that I was 18 in 1991
I don’t feel that old
But the world I lived in during my youth is quite different than yours
some things are more or less the same
My world versus Your world
1991
2015
My world versus Your worldWolrd cup
1990
World Cup 2014
My world versus Your worldParis 1992
Shanghai 2016
My world versus Your world Bill and Hillary Clinton Presidential campaign 2016
Bill and Hillary Clinton Presidential campaign 1992
My world versus Your world U.S. Presidential candidate 2016 Jeb Bush
U.S. President 1991 Georges Bush
My world versus Your world Bashar al-Assad
Hafez al-Assad
My world versus Your world Bombing Bruxelles 2016
Al Quaeda bomb attack Yemen1992
My world versus Your world Paris 2015 (130 kills)
Paris 1995 Islamist attack (8 kills)
My world versus Your world Italy migrants crisis 2016
Italy 1991About 15,000 Albanian migrants
arrived in Bari
But others changed a lot
1. Political borders
Countries and borders
You may think that the existence and perimeter of countries is an immutable fact in international politics
It is not
Countries and borders
When I was 18, this flag existed
Countries and borders
The Hong Kong flags
Countries and borders
What was the capital of Germany in 1991?
Countries and borders
Was Bonn until Berlin became the Capital of reunified Germany in June 1991
Countries and borders
There are 197 countries in the world today 193 are U.N. Members
How many in 1991?
Countries and borders
Number of U.N. Members
51
101
150
200
1946 19501954 19581962 19661970 19741978 19821986 199019941998 20022006 20102014
1993: 184 members
1946: 55 members
1960: 99 members
1980: 154 members 1990: 159 members
Countries and borders
Between 1990 and 1993, 25 countries became U.N. members Mostly former Soviet Union and Yugoslavian republics
Berlin wall, 1989, Raymond Depardon
Countries and borders
Between 1990 and 1993, 25 countries became U.N. members Mostly former Soviet Union and Yugoslavian republics
The total length of international borders is 248 000 Km today
27,000 km of new borders have been created since 1990
24,000 km have been changed
Countries and borders
And borders matter
U.S. - Mexico border
2. Technologies
Technology - computers and telecommunications
78 % of population in OECD countries have access to the Internet
How many in 1991?
0.43%
Technology - computers and telecommunications
The Internet internet connexion has been established in 1969 in the U.S.
But the first version of the World Wide Web has been created in Europe on March 12, 1989
And the first website created on December 20, 1990
ROBERT CAILLIAU TIM BERNERS LEE
http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
Technology - computers and telecommunications
Internet users (%)
Source WDI
0.0
26.7
53.3
80.0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
OECD
World
Technology - computers and telecommunications
Source IMF
Technology - computers and telecommunications
PowerBook 100 - Apple’s first laptop
16 MHz processor, 2MB RAM and a 20MB hard drive… $2,500 = 2015-$4,530
Technology - computers and telecommunications
In 1991, the frequency of the most performant microprocessor was… 30 times lower
But processor frequencies have stagnated, since 2000
Technology - transport
Number of air passengers (% of World population)
Source WDI
3
18
34
50
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Technology
Technology In 1991, where was the tallest building outside
the U.S.?
Hong Kong
Technology
Bank of China Tower was the 5th tallest building in the world
All the other towers in the top 10 where in the U.S.
Technology
Today, Bank of China tower ranks 36 Only one U.S. tower ranks in the top 10 (One world trade center)
3. Population
Population
World population is about 7.3 billion today
How many in 1991?
2 billion less: 5.3 billion It increased by more than 37% since 1991
Population
World population
Source WDI & UN
2.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
1960 1973 1991 2015 2030 2050
1960: 3 billion
1973: 3.9 billion
1991: 5.3 billion
2015: 7.3 billion 2030: 8.5 billion
2050: 9.7 billion
Population
Source WDI
Shar
e of
wor
ld p
opul
atio
n (%
)
0
6
12
18
24
Wor
ld P
opul
atio
ns0
2000
0000
0040
0000
0000
6000
0000
0080
0000
0000
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
China European Union World Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels) North America
Population
your world is populous… but also older
% of population +65 years old - Source WDI
4. Wealth and poverty
Wealth and poverty
Poverty About 12% of world population have less than
1.9$* per day
How many in 1991?
About 37%
* level of extreme poverty defined by the World Bank
Wealth and poverty
More than half of the world population had less than 1.9$ per day until 1976
In 1991, 66.6% of Chinese people were below the threshold.
Now, less than 11%
Wealth and poverty
5. Economic structure
Economic structure
The 2015 largest U.S. companies are…
$482 billions
WALMART EXXON MOBIL APPLE
$246 billions $234 billions
Economic structure
What about 1991?
GENERAL MOTORS
FORD EXXON
Economic structure
Share of industrial employment
Source WDI
15
20
25
30
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
OECD
USA
Economic structure
OECD
6. Environment
Environment
Worldwide emissions of CO2 are about 35 billion tons
How much in 1991?
About 22 billion tons
It increased by more than 50% in 20 years
Environment
Wor
ld e
miss
ions
(kt)
010
0000
0020
0000
0030
0000
0040
0000
00
% o
f Wor
ld e
miss
ion
0
10
20
30
40
1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
China European Union United States World1991
22 Billon tons
11.5% for China
1970
14.8 Billon tons
5.2% for China
2011
34.6 Billon tons
26% for China
Source: WDI
Environment
World surface temperature relative to 1951-1980 average
-0.45
-0.225
0
0.225
0.45
0.675
0.9
1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
source: NASA
Concluding remarks
Concluding remarks
World is changing… quite fast
Just over about third of a (my) human life we had drastic changes in :
The political partition of the world Population Way of life Climate, etc
This course aims at determining how important are these changes and discuss the challenges the world faces today