introduction to animal science
DESCRIPTION
Objectives: List 5 functions of domestic animals; Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals; Define appropriate terminology related to animals; and Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. List major types & uses of each species of livestock - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to ANIMAL SCIENCE
Objectives:A. List 5 functions of domestic animals;B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals;C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals; andD. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types.E. List major types & uses of each species of livestockF. List & describe benefits of animal agricultureG. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Why do we CHOOSE to have animals?
A. List 4 functions of domestic animals
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Functions of domestic animals:1-Food
•Meat• Eggs•Milk•Honey
A. List 4 functions of domestic animals
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•Wool• Leather•Hair/Fur• Feathers
A. List 4 functions of domestic animals
Functions of domestic animals:2- Clothing
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• Horses, Mules, Donkeys, Burros
• Llamas, Alpacas• Oxen, Water
buffalo, reindeer, yak, camels
A. List 4 functions of domestic animals
Functions of domestic animals:3-Power
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• Pleasure Horses• Purebred Herds and
Flocks• Livestock Exhibitions,
Shows, Rodeos• Horse Racing
A. List 4 functions of domestic animals
Functions of domestic animals:4- Recreation & Companionship
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• Guide dogs for blind• Police Dogs• Rescue Dogs• Therapy animals
A. List 4 functions of domestic animals
Functions of domestic animals:5- Service
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B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals
Terms:Wild Animal
Not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans.–Genetically& Behaviorally Wild
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B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals
Terms:Domestic Animal
• an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
–Genetically Domestic–Behaviorally= domestic
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B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals
Terms:Tame Wild Animal
• a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans.–Genetically=Wild–Behaviorally=Domestic
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B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals
Terms:Feral Animal
• a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance–Genetically=Domestic–Behaviorally= Wild
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B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals
1. The animal is VALUED and has PURPOSE2. The animal’s BREEDING is subject to human control.3. The animal’s SURVIVAL depends upon humans.4. The animal’s BEHAVIOR (psychology) is changed in
domestication.5. STRUCTURAL characteristics have appeared which
occur rarely if at all in the wild.
Requirements for animals to be “domesticated”
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B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals
1. In groups, research the domestication of the animal assigned. Prepare a 2-3 minute explanation for the class on your assigned species.
2. Answer the following questions:a) When & where was the animal domesticated?b) What animals were used for the creation of the domestic species?c) Who brought the first animals to America? When?d) What is their original purpose?
e) Describe the current industry of the species. (breeds, types, etc)
Domestication Assignment
• Cattle• Swine• Sheep
• Goats• Horses• Poultry
• Dogs• Cats• Rabbits
• Llama?
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European CattleC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Bos Taurus*Baby: Calf*Young Male: Bullock*Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born)*Castrated Male: Steer*Mature Male: Bull*Mature Female: Cow*Group: Herd
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Indian CattleC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Bos Indicus*Baby: Calf*Young Male: Bullock*Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born)*Castrated Male: Steer*Mature Male: Bull*Mature Female: Cow*Group: Herd
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SheepC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Ovis aries*Baby: Lamb*Young Male: Ram Lamb*Young Female: Ewe Lamb*Castrated Male: Wether*Mature Male: Ram*Mature Female: Ewe*Group: Flock
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PigsC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Sus scrofa domestica*Baby: Piglet*Young Male: Shoat*Young Female: Gilt (until 1st litter)*Castrated Male: Barrow*Mature Male: Boar*Mature Female: Sow*Group: Herd, Drove, MobOr “Sounder of hogs”
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GoatsC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Capra hircus*Baby: Kid*Young Male: Ram Kid*Young Female: Doe Kid*Castrated Male: Wether*Mature Male: Billy*Mature Female: Doe*Group: herd or tribe
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HorsesC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Equus caballus*Baby: Foal*Young Male: Colt*Young Female: Filly*Castrated Male: Gelding*Mature Male: Stallion*Mature Female: Mare*Group: Herd
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PoultryC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Gallus domesticus*Baby: Chick*Young Male: Cockerel*Young Female: Pullet*Castrated Male: Capon*Mature Male: Rooster*Mature Female: Hen*Group: Chickens: Brood, Flock, Peep
Turkeys: Rafter, Gobble, GangGeese: Gaggle (if they are in flight=Skein)
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RabbitsC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: Oryctolagus cuniculus*Baby: Bunny*Young Male:*Young Female:*Mature Male: Buck*Mature Female: Doe*Group: Colony, Nest, Herd
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DogC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: canis familiaris*Baby: Puppy*Young Male:*Young Female:*Mature Male: Stud*Mature Female: Dam or Bitch*Group: Pack
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CatC. Define appropriate terminology related to animals.
*Genus/Species: felis catus*Baby: Kitten*Young Male:*Young Female:*Mature Male: Tom*Mature Female: Queen*Group: Clowder or Clutter
Video Clip
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SpeciesD. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and
types.
• a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring• Example
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BreedD. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and
types.
• animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES• Example
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TypeD. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and
types.
• animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce• Example
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Types of Livestock
Each species of livestock has specific breeds that perform best for each purpose:
•Meat Type: Produce meat efficiently•Dairy Type: Produce milk efficiently
•Dual Purpose: Produce meat & milk efficiently•Ornamental: Don’t produce milk or meat
efficiently, chosen for beauty•Performance: Chosen for performance traits
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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Cattle•Beef Type
•Dairy Type
•Dual Purpose
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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Sheep•Wool type–Fine–Medium–Long–Colored•Meat or Mutton type•Dual
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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Pigs•Meat Type
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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Goats•Meat Type
•Dairy Type
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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Horses•Performance TypeoDraft Type
oRacing
oRanch Work/Stock Horse
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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Poultry•Eggs (Layers)
•Meat (Broilers)
•Ornamental
E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock
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What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture??
• Animals convert feed that humans CAN’T eat to food humans CAN eat– (poor hay, corn stalks, straw, etc.)
• Helps maintain fertility of the land
F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture
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What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture??
• Personal satisfaction of working with domesticated animals
• May more fully utilize capital, machinery and wasteland (range).
F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture
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What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture??
• Animal proteins are superior to vegetable proteins for humans
• Animal proteins have improved amino acid balance over vegetable protein
• Milk -- approximately 90% of milk for human consumption in the world comes from cattle
• Over 85% of the world population desires food of animal origin
F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture
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Top States in Beef Production
• 1. Texas• 2. Kansas• 3. Nebraska• 4. Oklahoma• 5. California• Utah’s Rank 28th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Dairy Production
• 1. California• 2. Wisconsin• 3. New York• 4. Pennsylvania• 5. Michigan• Utah’s Rank 25th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Sheep Production
• 1. Texas• 2. California• 3. Wyoming• 4. Colorado• 5. South Dakota• Utah’s Rank 7th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Goat Production
• 1. Texas• 2. New Mexico• 3. Arizona• 4. Oklahoma• 5. California• Utah’s Rank ?
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Swine Production
• 1. Iowa• 2. North Carolina• 3. Michigan• 4. Illinois• 5. Indiana• Utah’s Rank 20th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Layers Production
• 1. California• 2. Ohio• 3. Indiana• 4. Pennsylvania• 5. Iowa• Utah’s Rank 33rd
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Broiler Production
• 1. Arkansas• 2. Georgia• 3. Alabama• 4. North Carolina• 5. Mississippi
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Top States in Turkey Production
• 1. North Carolina• 2. Minnesota• 3. Arkansas• 4. Missouri• 5. California• Utah’s Rank 14th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Number of Farms and Ranches
• 1. Texas• 2. Missouri• 3. Iowa• 4. Kentucky• 5. Minnesota• Utah’s Rank 36th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Land in Farms and Ranches• 1. Texas• 2. Montana• 3. Kansas• 4. Nebraska• 5. New Mexico• Utah’s Rank 28th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Utah’s Rank in Other Areas• Mink Production 2nd• Trout Production 6th• Honey Production 24th
G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture
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Bell Quiz
1. List 2 out of 5 qualifications to consider an animal “domestic”
2. Name 5 reasons why we have domestic animals.
3. What is the genus and species name for a pig?
4. What is the definition of a breed?5. What is the definition of a species?
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Bell Quiz
1. List 2 benefits of animal agriculture vs plant based agriculture.
2. What state ranks top in production ofa. Dairy b. Beefc. Sheep
3. Know ALL terminology for animals (babies, males, females, genus/species, etc)
4. Compare the terms: breed, species, and type