CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTUNIVERSITY OF TOKYO, JAPAN

6 NOVEMBER 2013

(Introduction of My Country)

SELF INTRODUCTIONName : Arun Kumar SHARMA

Home town : Chuwa 9, Parbat Nepal (250 KM West from Kathmandu)

(50 Km west from Pokhara)My Hometown

Kathmandu

It is located at 28°13'60N 83°40'60E at an altitude of 900 to 1,300 meters.Trekking Root to the

Annapurna Base Camp and Mustang (Famous Trekking Root)

CONTD…Educational Background

School : Narayan Higher Secondary School, Kushma Parbat

PCL : Prithivi Narayan Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara

UG : Eastern Region Campus, Institute of Engineering

Tribhuvan University (2009), Dharan

Professional Experience

1. Program Coordinator : Community Managed Irrigated Agricultural Sector Project (CMIASP)

2. Rural Infrastructure Program Manager : Canadian Centre for International Studies and Cooperation (CECI)

3. Consultant Engineer : United Mission to Nepal (UMN)

MY VILLAGE CHUWA

Trail Foot BridgeSpan 335 mHeight 135 m

Annapurna Base CampFewa LakeMustang

NEPAL: THE HIDDEN TREASURE• In one sentence: developing country with

huge natural resources & cultural variety.

WHY NEPAL IS SPECIAL?

Famous for the eight of the world's ten tallest mountains including MOUNT EVEREST

CONTD…

Tilicho lake, the lake in the highest altitude

Arun valley, the deepest valley in the world

Birth place of Gautam Buddha, founder of Buddhism

Kaligandaki, deepest gorge in the world

CONTD…• Geographical diversity. (59 m to 8848m in 240 km)

• Unity in religious , ethnical (102) , Cultural (100+) and linguistic (70+) diversity.

• Sovereign country, Gurkha are famous all around the for their bravery.

If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is Gurkha. :-(Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, 8th Chief of Army Staff, East India Company, Britain)

One of the best tourist attraction for Rafting, Trekking, Jungle Safari, Bungee Jumping, Paragliding, Mountain

Climbing, Mountain Flight, Mountain Cycling.

• Home of 871 bird species.

• one of the few places in world where one can find Royal Bengal Tiger and One horn rhinoceros.

• Second largest water resource in the world (first is Brazil).

• More than 6,000 ever fast flowing rivers.

• 10 World Heritage Sites and 7 within an area Of 20 KMs.

• 11 of the world's 15 families of Butterflies.

• Over 3000 Temples, 1200 Monasteries.

• “KUMARI” World's only living goddess. etc

• One of the best country for adventure destination- National Adventure Geographic Magazine

• One of the 50 places to see before you die: BBC

WATER RESOURCES IN NEPAL• about 6000 rivers,

• Drainage area 191000 sq. km,

• 74% lies in Nepal alone.

• Average annual precipitation 1530 mm

Source:WECS, 2011

CONTD…• surface water availability 225 BCM per

annum (7,125 m3/s), 15 BCM per annum is in use.

• Around 95.9% of 15 BCM used for agriculture, 3.8% for domestic purpose and 0.3% for industry.

• economy is based on agriculture; contributes 40% to GDP and provides employment to two-thirds of the population.

• cultivated area of 2,642,000 ha (18% of its land area), of which 2/3rd (1,766,000 ha) is potentially irrigable.

• At present 42% of the cultivated area has irrigation of some sort, but only 17% of cultivated area has year round irrigation. 8% of the country’s water potential is used for irrigation.

• Ground water Availability 8.8 BCM ( 52% upto 2015)

• hydropower potential 83,000 MW, 114 projects having 45,610 MW have been identified economically feasible. (Production upto 2011 is 700 MW)

• 72% population has access to basic water supply.

• highly vulnerable to recurrent floods and landslides. cloudburst (CLOFs), glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), landslide dam outburst floods (LDOFs), floods triggered by the failure of infrastructure, and sheet flooding or inundation in lowland areas due to an obstruction imposed against the flow. Source: wecs,2011

SEDIMENTATION PROBLEM IN NEPAL• Unstable soil

• Increase in animal numbers

• Tourists & Trekkers

• Steep Slopes

• Melting snow

• Population Increase

• Trees for firewood

• Heavy Rain

• Terraces collapse

• Steep mountain• High precipitation• High velocity• Reduction of velocity at

plains• Meandering of river

SEDIMENTATION PROBLEMS IN NEPAL• Main barrier for hydropower, Irrigation

and Water Supply.

• Nepal loses approximately 240 million cubic meters of sediment per year.

• Due to the sediment depositions in the reservoir and the river bed the flow is threatening to overtop the barrage and cause massive flooding, loss of land and people in both India and Nepal.

2008 Koshi Flood

RECENT FLOODS IN NEPALRegion Year DisasterMahakali June

2013Final report still to be prepared

Dang June 2012

145 families were displaced and 2,200 household were affected by flash floods

Batadi, Achham, Kalikot, Jajrkot, Rukum, Rolpa, Kaski, Tanahu, Makwanpur, Gorkha, Nuwakot, Sindhuli, Sarlahi, Solukhumbu

June 2011

14 districts affected by floods and landslide; 25 deaths; 2 missing; 4 injured; 515 houses destroyed

Dailekh, Jajarkot, Rukum, Palpa, Rupandehi, Parbat, Dhading, Sindhuli, Solukhumbu,

August 2011

9 districts affected; 65 deaths; 35 missing; 24 injured; 110 houses destroyed

Kanchanpur September 2010

60 houses damaged on the Mahakali river

Dadeldhura, Bajura, Achham, Rukum, Kaski, Illam

June–August 2010

6 districts affected; 98 deaths; 8 missing; 29 injured; 2,835 houses destroyed; 39,000 people affected

Disaster statistics per year:Flood Killed …... 164.47 Affected …… 110,335.66 Economic damage ………$32,388.41landslide Killed…... 98.92 Affected…… 30,634.83 Economic damage… N/A

WHERE ARE WE ?

NEPAL• 26.5 million people in 147,181 sq.

Km(~180/sq km)

• Life expectancy ~68 yrs.

• Remittance based economy (GDP per capita $1,400)

• Human Development Index 0.463 (Rank 157)

• Literacy rate 66%

• 46% unemployment

• Landlocked (nil)

• Total road 17,282km

• Feasibility study of metro started now

JAPAN

• 126.67 million people in 377,944 sq km(~337/sq.Km)

• Life expectancy ~83 yrs.

• Production based economy (GDP per capita $36,266)

• Human Development Index 0.912 (Rank 10)

• Literacy rate 99%

• 3.9% unemployment

• Coastline 29,751 km

• Total road 1,200,858 km

• Already 20,036 km railway network (2009)

Source : Wikipedia

Thank you for your kind attention.Questions??